choline has been researched along with Alcoholism in 53 studies
Alcoholism: A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Ibudilast-treated participants had lower Cho in superior frontal white matter and nominally lower MI in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex." | 7.11 | Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial. ( Alger, J; Burnette, E; Evans, CJ; Grodin, EN; Irwin, MR; London, ED; Meredith, LR; Miotto, K; Nieto, SJ; O'Neill, J; Ray, LA, 2022) |
| " Having an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining event or hepatitis C was associated with higher Cho; lower Cho levels, however, were associated with low thiamine levels and with highly active antiretroviral HIV treatment (HAART)." | 3.80 | Imaging neuroinflammation? A perspective from MR spectroscopy. ( Mayer, D; Pfefferbaum, A; Rohlfing, T; Sullivan, EV; Zahr, NM, 2014) |
| "Ibudilast-treated participants had lower Cho in superior frontal white matter and nominally lower MI in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex." | 3.11 | Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial. ( Alger, J; Burnette, E; Evans, CJ; Grodin, EN; Irwin, MR; London, ED; Meredith, LR; Miotto, K; Nieto, SJ; O'Neill, J; Ray, LA, 2022) |
| "Alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AlUD) have neurobiological consequences." | 2.82 | Brain metabolite alterations related to alcohol use: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. ( Browning, BD; Green, R; Kirkland, AE; Leggio, L; Meyerhoff, DJ; Squeglia, LM, 2022) |
| "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients have low cortical concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and elevated glutamate (Glu) as measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS)." | 1.40 | A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Abé, C; Batki, SL; Meyerhoff, DJ; Pennington, DL, 2014) |
| "Chronic alcoholism is associated with altered brain metabolism, morphology and cognitive abilities." | 1.37 | Brain metabolite changes in alcoholism: localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the occipital lobe. ( Bhattacharya, M; Deshpande, SN; Khushu, S; Kumar, P; Modi, S; Tripathi, RP, 2011) |
| "Recent studies demonstrated that alcohol dependence and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with increased rates of obesity." | 1.36 | Body mass index is associated with brain metabolite levels in alcohol dependence--a multimodal magnetic resonance study. ( Durazzo, TC; Gazdzinski, S; Meyerhoff, DJ; Mon, A, 2010) |
| "Chronic alcohol abuse results in morphological, metabolic, and functional brain damage which may, to some extent, be reversible with early effects upon abstinence." | 1.34 | Manifestations of early brain recovery associated with abstinence from alcoholism. ( Bartsch, AJ; Bendszus, M; Biller, A; De Stefano, N; Homola, G; Jenkinson, M; Smith, SM; Solymosi, L; Weijers, HG; Wiesbeck, GA, 2007) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 22 (41.51) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 5 (9.43) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 15 (28.30) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 8 (15.09) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (5.66) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Kirkland, AE | 1 |
| Browning, BD | 1 |
| Green, R | 1 |
| Leggio, L | 1 |
| Meyerhoff, DJ | 7 |
| Squeglia, LM | 1 |
| Grodin, EN | 2 |
| Nieto, SJ | 1 |
| Meredith, LR | 1 |
| Burnette, E | 1 |
| O'Neill, J | 2 |
| Alger, J | 2 |
| London, ED | 1 |
| Miotto, K | 1 |
| Evans, CJ | 1 |
| Irwin, MR | 1 |
| Ray, LA | 2 |
| Burnette, EM | 1 |
| Zahr, NM | 4 |
| Mayer, D | 4 |
| Rohlfing, T | 4 |
| Sullivan, EV | 5 |
| Pfefferbaum, A | 5 |
| Pennington, DL | 1 |
| Abé, C | 1 |
| Batki, SL | 1 |
| Carr, RA | 1 |
| Colrain, IM | 1 |
| Collins, AM | 1 |
| Luong, R | 2 |
| Machado, A | 1 |
| Soares-Fernandes, J | 1 |
| Ribeiro, M | 1 |
| Rodrigues, M | 1 |
| Cerqueira, J | 1 |
| Ferreira, C | 1 |
| Modi, S | 1 |
| Bhattacharya, M | 1 |
| Kumar, P | 1 |
| Deshpande, SN | 1 |
| Tripathi, RP | 1 |
| Khushu, S | 1 |
| Hasak, MP | 1 |
| Hsu, O | 1 |
| Vinco, S | 1 |
| Orduna, J | 1 |
| Licata, SC | 1 |
| Renshaw, PF | 1 |
| Gazdzinski, S | 4 |
| Durazzo, TC | 4 |
| Mon, A | 1 |
| Lee, H | 1 |
| Holburn, GH | 1 |
| Price, RR | 1 |
| NADEAU, G | 1 |
| ROULEAU, Y | 1 |
| DELAGE, J | 1 |
| PHILLIPS, GB | 1 |
| DAVIDSON, CS | 1 |
| KOS, M | 1 |
| KRAULAND-STEINBEREITHNER, F | 1 |
| MENGHINI, G | 1 |
| Nomoto, N | 1 |
| Arasaki, K | 1 |
| Tamaki, M | 1 |
| Adalsteinsson, E | 1 |
| Mason, GF | 2 |
| Petrakis, IL | 1 |
| de Graaf, RA | 1 |
| Gueorguieva, R | 1 |
| Guidone, E | 1 |
| Coric, V | 1 |
| Epperson, CN | 1 |
| Rothman, DL | 1 |
| Krystal, JH | 1 |
| Rothlind, JC | 1 |
| Banys, P | 2 |
| Schuff, N | 1 |
| Mueller, S | 1 |
| Chao, L | 1 |
| Sacrey, DT | 1 |
| Laxer, K | 1 |
| Weiner, MW | 2 |
| Bartsch, AJ | 1 |
| Homola, G | 1 |
| Biller, A | 1 |
| Smith, SM | 1 |
| Weijers, HG | 1 |
| Wiesbeck, GA | 1 |
| Jenkinson, M | 1 |
| De Stefano, N | 1 |
| Solymosi, L | 1 |
| Bendszus, M | 1 |
| Lee, E | 1 |
| Jang, DP | 1 |
| Kim, JJ | 1 |
| An, SK | 1 |
| Park, S | 1 |
| Kim, IY | 1 |
| Kim, SI | 1 |
| Yoon, KJ | 1 |
| Namkoong, K | 1 |
| Yeh, PH | 1 |
| Hardin, D | 1 |
| Santos-Ruiz, MR | 1 |
| Cascales, C | 1 |
| Cascales, M | 1 |
| Santos-Ruiz, A | 1 |
| Martin, PR | 1 |
| Gibbs, SJ | 1 |
| Nimmerrichter, AA | 1 |
| Riddle, WR | 1 |
| Welch, LW | 1 |
| Willcott, MR | 1 |
| Carrasco, MP | 1 |
| Sanchez-Amate, MC | 1 |
| Segovia, JL | 1 |
| Marco, C | 1 |
| Seitz, D | 1 |
| Widmann, U | 1 |
| Seeger, U | 1 |
| Nägele, T | 1 |
| Klose, U | 1 |
| Mann, K | 1 |
| Grodd, W | 1 |
| Schweinsburg, BC | 2 |
| Taylor, MJ | 2 |
| Videen, JS | 2 |
| Alhassoon, OM | 2 |
| Patterson, TL | 2 |
| Grant, I | 2 |
| Braunová, Z | 1 |
| Kasparová, S | 1 |
| Mlynárik, V | 1 |
| Mierisová, S | 1 |
| Liptaj, T | 1 |
| Tkác, I | 1 |
| Gvozdjáková, A | 1 |
| Brown, GG | 1 |
| Berger, F | 1 |
| Rawat, AK | 1 |
| Lieber, CS | 4 |
| Reitz, RC | 2 |
| Hunt, WA | 1 |
| Majchrowicz, E | 1 |
| Dalton, TK | 1 |
| Thompson, JA | 1 |
| Metz, S | 1 |
| Dunlop, M | 1 |
| Arendt, T | 1 |
| Schugens, MM | 1 |
| Bigl, V | 1 |
| Haag, M | 1 |
| Granzow, L | 1 |
| Greil, W | 1 |
| Haag, H | 1 |
| Beracochea, D | 1 |
| Durkin, TP | 1 |
| Jaffard, R | 1 |
| Konttinen, K | 1 |
| Oura, E | 1 |
| Suomalainen, H | 1 |
| Bertrand, JL | 1 |
| Rubin, E | 1 |
| Azzena, D | 1 |
| Tichy, J | 1 |
| Alling, C | 1 |
| Dencker, SJ | 1 |
| Svennerholm, L | 1 |
| Orrego-Matte, H | 1 |
| Navia, E | 1 |
| Feres, A | 1 |
| Costamaillere, L | 1 |
| Pisi, E | 1 |
| Bianchi, FB | 1 |
| Nigro, F | 1 |
| DeCarli, LM | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multimodal Imaging of Progesterone/Neurosteroid Effects in Nicotine Addiction[NCT01954966] | Phase 4 | 81 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-11-30 | Completed | ||
| Imaging Framework for Testing GABAergic/Glutamatergic Drugs in Bipolar Alcoholics[NCT03220776] | Phase 2 | 54 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-08-07 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Craving will be assessed using the Brief Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (BQSU). It ranges from 7-70 with higher levels indicating higher levels of nicotine craving. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 40.89 | 30.45 | 38.47 | 38.81 | 41.91 | 40.84 | 40.90 | 39.23 | 41.95 | 27.64 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 41.94 | 25.77 | 34.34 | 37.98 | 41.82 | 42.03 | 40.29 | 37.68 | 42.38 | 28.22 |
"GABA concentrations (collected in the Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex [DACC]) will be obtained using the non-invasive neuroimaging method of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) both before and after placebo administration and smoking abstinence. In total subjects will undergo 6 1H-MRS scans. The 6 1H-MRS scans take place over a period of approximately 1-2 months. Each paradigm (placebo/progesterone) takes approximately one week, with an approximately two-week wash in between paradigms for men and an approximately 1-month wash in between paradigms for women. The subject will undergo a smoking session on Test Day #1 and Test Day #5, MRS scans are conducted on Test Day #2 (2 scans) and Test Day #5 (1 scan).~Minimal data is available for the primary outcome due to substantial issues with the 7T scanner. All subsequent scans were conducted on a 3T scanner which does not have the capacity to collect data on GABA." (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Test Day #2 and Test Day #5 - 6 total scans over the period of 2-3 months.
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Test day 2 (baseline, pre-scan) | Test day 2 (post-scan) | Test day 5 (pre-smoking) | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.23 | 1.28 | 1.21 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.17 | 1.24 | 1.17 |
"GABA concentrations (collected in the Dorsolateral Pre-Frontal Cortex [DLPFC]) will be obtained using the non-invasive neuroimaging method of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) both before and after placebo administration and smoking abstinence. In total subjects will undergo 6 1H-MRS scans. The 6 1H-MRS scans take place over a period of approximately 1-2 months. Each paradigm (placebo/progesterone) takes approximately one week, with an approximately two-week wash in between paradigms for men and an approximately 1-month wash in between paradigms for women. The subject will undergo a smoking session on Test Day #1 and Test Day #5, MRS scans are conducted on Test Day #2 (2 scans) and Test Day #5 (1 scan).~Minimal data is available for the primary outcome due to substantial issues with the 7T scanner. All subsequent scans were conducted on a 3T scanner which does not have the capacity to collect data on GABA." (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Test Day #2 and Test Day #5 - 6 total scans over the period of 2-3 months.
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2- pre scan | Day 2- post scan | Day 5- after scan, pre smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.18 | 1.05 | 1.06 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.20 | 0.98 | 1.11 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels bad effects of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling more bad effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 26.25 | 25.39 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 25.92 | 28.70 |
NEQ question: feels good effects of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling more good effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 67.72 | 67.84 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 67.84 | 64.72 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels strength of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling stronger effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 71.45 | 74.87 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 71.01 | 75.25 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels head rush. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling stronger/more intense head rush after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 30.58 | 40.23 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 29.38 | 42.48 |
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Negative Affect Score. Ranges from 10-50 with higher scores representing higher levels of negative affect. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 11.94 | 10.64 | 11.25 | 11.59 | 12.31 | 13.07 | 12.51 | 12.90 | 12.55 | 11.41 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 11.43 | 10.57 | 11.03 | 11.49 | 13.01 | 12.89 | 13.06 | 13.16 | 12.18 | 11.94 |
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Positive Affect Score. Ranges from 10-50 with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 37.10 | 35.72 | 36.08 | 33.51 | 32.57 | 32.34 | 32.56 | 33.25 | 33.45 | 33.10 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 37.23 | 36.11 | 36.55 | 34.17 | 33.30 | 32.81 | 32.03 | 32.61 | 32.53 | 33.76 |
Profile of Mood State (POMS) Subscale: Vigor. Subscale ranges from 0 to 32, with higher levels indicating higher levels of vigor. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 18.71 | 16.74 | 16.71 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 18.71 | 16.73 | 16.39 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Anger-Hostility. This scale ranges from 0 to 48 with higher levels indicating higher levels of anger/hostility. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 0.94 | 1.55 | 2.70 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 0.83 | 1.41 | 2.36 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Confusion-Bewilderment. Ranges from 0 to 28 with higher levels indicating higher levels of confusion/bewilderment. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.47 | 2.95 | 3.46 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.31 | 2.98 | 2.80 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Depression-Dejection. This subscale ranges from 0-60 with higher levels indicating greater depression/dejection. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.09 | 1.30 | 1.66 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 0.64 | 0.88 | 1.81 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Fatigue. This subscale ranges from 0 to 28 with higher scores indicating higher levels of fatigue. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.17 | 2.84 | 3.66 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.77 | 3.63 | 3.10 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Tension-Anxiety. This subscale ranges from 0-28 with higher levels indicating greater tension/anxiety. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post- 2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.88 | 3.55 | 4.85 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.57 | 3.11 | 3.70 |
Withdrawal symptoms will be measured using the Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms Checklist (NWSC). The scale ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 28, with higher scores indicating greater withdrawal (more withdrawal symptoms, higher intensity/severity of withdrawal). (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 1 pre 1st smoking session | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 1 post 1st smoking session | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 2 pre-scan | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 2 post-scan | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 3 abstinence AM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 3 abstinence PM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 4 abstinence AM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 4 abstinence PM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 5 pre-smoking | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 5 post-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 6.00 | 4.84 | 5.67 | 5.37 | 7.07 | 6.99 | 7.33 | 7.19 | 7.01 | 4.60 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 6.15 | 4.48 | 4.92 | 5.25 | 7.62 | 7.88 | 7.66 | 7.32 | 7.34 | 4.82 |
Craving will also be assessed using the Tiffany Questionnaire for Smoking Urges. It ranges from 32 to 224 with higher scores indicated higher levels of smoking urges/craving. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session, day 3 (PM), day 4 (PM), day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 143.45 | 138.46 | 139.11 | 146.22 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 140.31 | 140.77 | 135.88 | 141.08 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Anxious. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 16.69 | 15.02 | 20.20 | 16.38 | 18.46 | 15.88 | 17.81 | 16.26 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 15.62 | 12.65 | 17.38 | 20.23 | 15.08 | 15.63 | 19.05 | 15.30 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Calm. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 74.35 | 73.15 | 65.65 | 58.92 | 60.23 | 65.47 | 67.60 | 69.27 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 76.52 | 69.23 | 61.15 | 52.44 | 57.97 | 62.48 | 61.02 | 70.52 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Depressed. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.97 | 4.99 | 6.43 | 4.61 | 5.51 | 5.67 | 2.64 | 2.53 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.87 | 5.55 | 6.85 | 4.58 | 5.17 | 5.73 | 5.26 | 4.89 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Drowsy. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 16.63 | 24.25 | 17.14 | 24.71 | 19.56 | 19.84 | 23.01 | 20.45 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 14.29 | 30.17 | 15.43 | 24.36 | 18.32 | 20.50 | 21.01 | 21.45 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Energetic. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 54.86 | 55.18 | 56.14 | 56.13 | 55.62 | 53.45 | 51.47 | 54.79 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 67.01 | 21.03 | 58.11 | 50.12 | 54.89 | 56.77 | 56.64 | 54.70 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Happy. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 76.62 | 70.98 | 66.22 | 65.10 | 62.76 | 61.99 | 66.59 | 70.07 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 79.70 | 71.34 | 64.04 | 61.30 | 60.58 | 63.95 | 63.46 | 67.87 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Headache. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 6.50 | 5.74 | 9.15 | 8.86 | 10.88 | 11.83 | 9.05 | 11.93 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 7.59 | 9.39 | 14.71 | 10.93 | 7.70 | 12.78 | 13.36 | 11.67 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Heartburn. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.11 | 4.30 | 5.46 | 6.00 | 7.31 | 5.51 | 4.33 | 4.56 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.35 | 4.06 | 3.27 | 4.55 | 6.50 | 5.56 | 5.30 | 6.37 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Hunger. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 34.60 | 28.63 | 24.88 | 27.72 | 27.94 | 25.57 | 28.22 | 28.63 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 40.23 | 22.20 | 33.40 | 31.95 | 34.64 | 29.27 | 35.22 | 32.61 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Irritable. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 7.50 | 13.20 | 24.80 | 23.97 | 30.79 | 26.50 | 23.23 | 13.45 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 5.71 | 13.01 | 24.56 | 25.49 | 29.58 | 30.11 | 22.96 | 15.52 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Nauseous. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 5.52 | 6.31 | 6.01 | 8.07 | 6.07 | 6.60 | 6.51 | 8.00 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 4.92 | 5.43 | 10.44 | 9.85 | 8.22 | 10.29 | 10.34 | 11.41 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Nervous. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 13.24 | 10.91 | 7.19 | 9.56 | 9.36 | 10.83 | 10.79 | 7.64 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 10.26 | 8.46 | 8.22 | 9.24 | 11.37 | 10.66 | 12.15 | 11.94 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Relaxed. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 72.66 | 67.77 | 63.87 | 57.69 | 57.83 | 63.46 | 62.45 | 67.99 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 73.87 | 63.65 | 55.85 | 54.08 | 55.37 | 63.45 | 67.65 | 67.55 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Sad. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.95 | 6.77 | 5.67 | 4.36 | 8.54 | 7.32 | 3.87 | 2.95 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.09 | 4.48 | 10.51 | 9.07 | 8.47 | 8.65 | 12.47 | 5.92 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Headache. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 54.17 | 50.61 | 51.43 | 48.14 | 49.67 | 50.48 | 52.74 | 54.26 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 57.46 | 51.46 | 50.34 | 47.04 | 50.71 | 49.27 | 56.19 | 53.12 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Tired. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 24.15 | 29.67 | 21.64 | 30.82 | 31.73 | 30.69 | 33.94 | 31.22 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 18.62 | 40.92 | 27.24 | 35.53 | 27.99 | 28.51 | 32.06 | 34.79 |
Concentrations of GABA+, referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (i.e., MEGA-PRESS). (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition
| Intervention | mmol/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| N-Acetylcysteine | 3.90 |
| Gabapentin | 3.93 |
| Placebo Oral Tablet | 3.73 |
Concentrations of Glx (i.e., glutamate + glutamine), referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition
| Intervention | mmol/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| N-Acetylcysteine | 21.59 |
| Gabapentin | 21.69 |
| Placebo Oral Tablet | 22.25 |
9 reviews available for choline and Alcoholism
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Brain metabolite alterations related to alcohol use: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies.
Topics: Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectros | 2022 |
Neurochemistry of drug action: insights from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and their relevance to addiction.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Appetite Stimulants; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Cocaine; Creatine; Glutamic | 2010 |
N-acetylaspartate as a marker of neuronal injury in neurodegenerative disease.
Topics: Aging; Alcoholism; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Injuries; | 2006 |
Cytotoxic effects of alcohol on the liver.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Choline; Dietary Fats; Die | 1977 |
The effects of ethanol ingestion on lipid metabolism.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Cholesterol; Choline; Ethanol; Fatty Ac | 1979 |
Phospholipase D in the pancreatic islet: evidence suggesting the involvement of phosphatidic acid in signal transduction.
Topics: Age Factors; Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Choline; Enzyme Activation; Hyperglycemia; Insul | 1991 |
Treatment of alcoholic liver injury.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Choline; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hepatitis, Alcohol | 1985 |
[Physiopathology of ethylic steatosis].
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Dogs; Ethanol; Fatty Live | 1972 |
Alcoholic fatty liver.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Animals; Child; Choline; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Drug Synergism; Et | 1969 |
2 trials available for choline and Alcoholism
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Aspartic Acid; C-Reactive Protein; Choline; Creatine; Humans; | 2022 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
42 other studies available for choline and Alcoholism
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Alcohol Craving and Severity are Associated with Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Choline Levels in Individuals with an Alcohol Use Disorder.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Choline; Craving; Ethanol; Gyrus Cinguli; H | 2023 |
Imaging neuroinflammation? A perspective from MR spectroscopy.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Antiretroviral Thera | 2014 |
A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Comorbidity; Creatine; gamma-Amino | 2014 |
Brain metabolite levels in recently sober individuals with alcohol use disorder: Relation to drinking variables and relapse.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Chronic Dise | 2016 |
Concomitants of alcoholism: differential effects of thiamine deficiency, liver damage, and food deprivation on the rat brain in vivo.
Topics: Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Food Dep | 2016 |
Alcohol abuse and acute behavioural disturbances in a 24-year-old patient. Diagnosis: Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD).
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Corpus Callosum; Crea | 2009 |
Brain metabolite changes in alcoholism: localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the occipital lobe.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Creatine; Humans; Image Interpretat | 2011 |
Brain injury and recovery following binge ethanol: evidence from in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Body Weight; Brain Injuries; Brain Mapping | 2010 |
Body mass index is associated with brain metabolite levels in alcohol dependence--a multimodal magnetic resonance study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Body Mass Index; Brain; Choline; Creatine; | 2010 |
Proton MR spectroscopic studies of chronic alcohol exposure on the rat brain.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Chronic Disease; Creatine; Magnetic Resonance Sp | 2003 |
LIPOTROPIC supplements in fatty cirrhosis.
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Lipotropic Agents; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases | 1953 |
[The fate of the liver in alcoholics. II. Use of lipotropic factors in the treatment of hepatic dysfunction].
Topics: Alcoholics; Alcoholism; Choline; Humans; Inositol; Lipotropic Agents; Liver Diseases; Methionine | 1954 |
Nutritional aspects of cirrhosis in alcoholism; effect of a purified diet supplemented with choline.
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis | 1954 |
[Use of lipotropic substances in alcoholism; clinical and psychological research].
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Humans; Lipotropic Agents; Mental Disorders; Research | 1956 |
[Simultaneous administration of alcohol and lipotropic drugs in chronic alcoholics; behavior of hepatic steatosis studied by serial punch biopsies].
Topics: Alcoholics; Alcoholism; Biopsy; Choline; Fatty Liver; Humans; Lipotropic Agents; Methionine | 1957 |
Central pontine myelinolysis in chronic alcoholism demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy.
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Creatine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; | 2004 |
Cortical NAA deficits in HIV infection without dementia: influence of alcoholism comorbidity.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain Mapping; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Com | 2005 |
Brain metabolite concentrations and neurocognition during short-term recovery from alcohol dependence: Preliminary evidence of the effects of concurrent chronic cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Cognition; Cross-Sectio | 2006 |
Get sober; stay sober.
Topics: Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Diseases; Choline; Creatine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spec | 2007 |
Manifestations of early brain recovery associated with abstinence from alcoholism.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Attention; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cerebellum; Choline; C | 2007 |
Alteration of brain metabolites in young alcoholics without structural changes.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Brain; Brain Mapping; Choline; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic | 2007 |
Chronic cigarette smoking modulates injury and short-term recovery of the medial temporal lobe in alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Choline; Cross-Sectional | 2008 |
Are treated alcoholics representative of the entire population with alcohol use disorders? A magnetic resonance study of brain injury.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Female; Humans; Magneti | 2008 |
[Effect of the administration of nucleotide coenzymes on the lipogenic enzyme changes caused by chronic alcohol intoxication].
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Coenzyme A; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Die | 1982 |
Brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies in recently abstinent alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Brain; Cerebellum; Choline; Female; Humans; Magneti | 1995 |
Studies on phospholipid biosynthesis in hepatocytes from alcoholic rats by using radiolabeled exogenous precursors.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotr | 1996 |
Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the cerebellum in detoxifying alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Cerebellum; Choline; Female; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 1999 |
Elevated myo-inositol in gray matter of recently detoxified but not long-term abstinent alcoholics: a preliminary MR spectroscopy study.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Humans; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisp | 2000 |
Metabolic changes in rat brain after prolonged ethanol consumption measured by 1H and 31P MRS experiments.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain; Cho | 2000 |
Chemical pathology in brain white matter of recently detoxified alcoholics: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation of alcohol-associated frontal lobe injury.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Creatine; Female; Frontal Lobe; Humans; Inositol; | 2001 |
Developmental changes in the brain levels of neurotransmitters as influenced by maternal ethanol consumption in the rat.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Acetaldehyde; Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Br | 1977 |
Alterations in high-affinity choline uptake in brain after acute and chronic ethanol treatment.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Butanols; Caudate Nucleus; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Ethanol; Hippocampu | 1979 |
Studies of the acute and chronic effects of ethanol ingestion on choline oxidation.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Ethanol; Humans; Mitochond | 1976 |
The cholinergic system and memory: amelioration of ethanol-induced memory deficiency by physostigmine in rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferas | 1990 |
RBC-choline: a biological marker of the outcome of lithium prophylaxis?
Topics: Alcoholism; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Choline; Erythrocytes; Hu | 1987 |
On the involvement of the central cholinergic system in memory deficits induced by long term ethanol consumption in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Energy Intake; Hippoca | 1986 |
Influence of short-term alcohol consumption on the excretion of some components of the vitamin-B group in the urine of rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Biological Assay; Biotin; Choline; Ethanol; Feces; Female; Fluorometry; Folic A | 1967 |
[Clinical trial of a new hepatoprotective preparation].
Topics: Alcoholism; Cholelithiasis; Choline; Diabetes Complications; Drug Combinations; Homocysteine; Humans | 1972 |
Fatty acid profiles of cerebrospinal fluid lipids in normals and chronic alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amino Alcohols; Cholesterol; Choline; Chromatography; Esters; Humans; Linoleic Ac | 1970 |
Ethanol ingestion and incorporation of 32P into phospholipids of pancreas in the rat.
Topics: Acute Disease; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Chronic Disease; Depression, Ch | 1969 |
[Considerations on the therapy of hepatic steatosis].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Choline; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diabetes Complications; Fatty Liver; Gout; He | 1969 |
Study of agents for the prevention of the fatty liver produced by prolonged alcohol intake.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Antioxidants; Choline; Diet; Fatty Liver; Glycerides; Human | 1966 |