choline has been researched along with Alcohol Abuse in 53 studies
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Ibudilast-treated participants had lower Cho in superior frontal white matter and nominally lower MI in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex." | 7.11 | Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial. ( Alger, J; Burnette, E; Evans, CJ; Grodin, EN; Irwin, MR; London, ED; Meredith, LR; Miotto, K; Nieto, SJ; O'Neill, J; Ray, LA, 2022) |
| " Having an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining event or hepatitis C was associated with higher Cho; lower Cho levels, however, were associated with low thiamine levels and with highly active antiretroviral HIV treatment (HAART)." | 3.80 | Imaging neuroinflammation? A perspective from MR spectroscopy. ( Mayer, D; Pfefferbaum, A; Rohlfing, T; Sullivan, EV; Zahr, NM, 2014) |
| "Ibudilast-treated participants had lower Cho in superior frontal white matter and nominally lower MI in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex." | 3.11 | Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial. ( Alger, J; Burnette, E; Evans, CJ; Grodin, EN; Irwin, MR; London, ED; Meredith, LR; Miotto, K; Nieto, SJ; O'Neill, J; Ray, LA, 2022) |
| "Alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AlUD) have neurobiological consequences." | 2.82 | Brain metabolite alterations related to alcohol use: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. ( Browning, BD; Green, R; Kirkland, AE; Leggio, L; Meyerhoff, DJ; Squeglia, LM, 2022) |
| "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients have low cortical concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and elevated glutamate (Glu) as measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS)." | 1.40 | A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Abé, C; Batki, SL; Meyerhoff, DJ; Pennington, DL, 2014) |
| "Chronic alcoholism is associated with altered brain metabolism, morphology and cognitive abilities." | 1.37 | Brain metabolite changes in alcoholism: localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the occipital lobe. ( Bhattacharya, M; Deshpande, SN; Khushu, S; Kumar, P; Modi, S; Tripathi, RP, 2011) |
| "Recent studies demonstrated that alcohol dependence and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with increased rates of obesity." | 1.36 | Body mass index is associated with brain metabolite levels in alcohol dependence--a multimodal magnetic resonance study. ( Durazzo, TC; Gazdzinski, S; Meyerhoff, DJ; Mon, A, 2010) |
| "Chronic alcohol abuse results in morphological, metabolic, and functional brain damage which may, to some extent, be reversible with early effects upon abstinence." | 1.34 | Manifestations of early brain recovery associated with abstinence from alcoholism. ( Bartsch, AJ; Bendszus, M; Biller, A; De Stefano, N; Homola, G; Jenkinson, M; Smith, SM; Solymosi, L; Weijers, HG; Wiesbeck, GA, 2007) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 22 (41.51) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 5 (9.43) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 15 (28.30) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 8 (15.09) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (5.66) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Kirkland, AE | 1 |
| Browning, BD | 1 |
| Green, R | 1 |
| Leggio, L | 1 |
| Meyerhoff, DJ | 7 |
| Squeglia, LM | 1 |
| Grodin, EN | 2 |
| Nieto, SJ | 1 |
| Meredith, LR | 1 |
| Burnette, E | 1 |
| O'Neill, J | 2 |
| Alger, J | 2 |
| London, ED | 1 |
| Miotto, K | 1 |
| Evans, CJ | 1 |
| Irwin, MR | 1 |
| Ray, LA | 2 |
| Burnette, EM | 1 |
| Zahr, NM | 4 |
| Mayer, D | 4 |
| Rohlfing, T | 4 |
| Sullivan, EV | 5 |
| Pfefferbaum, A | 5 |
| Pennington, DL | 1 |
| Abé, C | 1 |
| Batki, SL | 1 |
| Carr, RA | 1 |
| Colrain, IM | 1 |
| Collins, AM | 1 |
| Luong, R | 2 |
| Machado, A | 1 |
| Soares-Fernandes, J | 1 |
| Ribeiro, M | 1 |
| Rodrigues, M | 1 |
| Cerqueira, J | 1 |
| Ferreira, C | 1 |
| Modi, S | 1 |
| Bhattacharya, M | 1 |
| Kumar, P | 1 |
| Deshpande, SN | 1 |
| Tripathi, RP | 1 |
| Khushu, S | 1 |
| Hasak, MP | 1 |
| Hsu, O | 1 |
| Vinco, S | 1 |
| Orduna, J | 1 |
| Licata, SC | 1 |
| Renshaw, PF | 1 |
| Gazdzinski, S | 4 |
| Durazzo, TC | 4 |
| Mon, A | 1 |
| Lee, H | 1 |
| Holburn, GH | 1 |
| Price, RR | 1 |
| NADEAU, G | 1 |
| ROULEAU, Y | 1 |
| DELAGE, J | 1 |
| PHILLIPS, GB | 1 |
| DAVIDSON, CS | 1 |
| KOS, M | 1 |
| KRAULAND-STEINBEREITHNER, F | 1 |
| MENGHINI, G | 1 |
| Nomoto, N | 1 |
| Arasaki, K | 1 |
| Tamaki, M | 1 |
| Adalsteinsson, E | 1 |
| Mason, GF | 2 |
| Petrakis, IL | 1 |
| de Graaf, RA | 1 |
| Gueorguieva, R | 1 |
| Guidone, E | 1 |
| Coric, V | 1 |
| Epperson, CN | 1 |
| Rothman, DL | 1 |
| Krystal, JH | 1 |
| Rothlind, JC | 1 |
| Banys, P | 2 |
| Schuff, N | 1 |
| Mueller, S | 1 |
| Chao, L | 1 |
| Sacrey, DT | 1 |
| Laxer, K | 1 |
| Weiner, MW | 2 |
| Bartsch, AJ | 1 |
| Homola, G | 1 |
| Biller, A | 1 |
| Smith, SM | 1 |
| Weijers, HG | 1 |
| Wiesbeck, GA | 1 |
| Jenkinson, M | 1 |
| De Stefano, N | 1 |
| Solymosi, L | 1 |
| Bendszus, M | 1 |
| Lee, E | 1 |
| Jang, DP | 1 |
| Kim, JJ | 1 |
| An, SK | 1 |
| Park, S | 1 |
| Kim, IY | 1 |
| Kim, SI | 1 |
| Yoon, KJ | 1 |
| Namkoong, K | 1 |
| Yeh, PH | 1 |
| Hardin, D | 1 |
| Santos-Ruiz, MR | 1 |
| Cascales, C | 1 |
| Cascales, M | 1 |
| Santos-Ruiz, A | 1 |
| Martin, PR | 1 |
| Gibbs, SJ | 1 |
| Nimmerrichter, AA | 1 |
| Riddle, WR | 1 |
| Welch, LW | 1 |
| Willcott, MR | 1 |
| Carrasco, MP | 1 |
| Sanchez-Amate, MC | 1 |
| Segovia, JL | 1 |
| Marco, C | 1 |
| Seitz, D | 1 |
| Widmann, U | 1 |
| Seeger, U | 1 |
| Nägele, T | 1 |
| Klose, U | 1 |
| Mann, K | 1 |
| Grodd, W | 1 |
| Schweinsburg, BC | 2 |
| Taylor, MJ | 2 |
| Videen, JS | 2 |
| Alhassoon, OM | 2 |
| Patterson, TL | 2 |
| Grant, I | 2 |
| Braunová, Z | 1 |
| Kasparová, S | 1 |
| Mlynárik, V | 1 |
| Mierisová, S | 1 |
| Liptaj, T | 1 |
| Tkác, I | 1 |
| Gvozdjáková, A | 1 |
| Brown, GG | 1 |
| Berger, F | 1 |
| Rawat, AK | 1 |
| Lieber, CS | 4 |
| Reitz, RC | 2 |
| Hunt, WA | 1 |
| Majchrowicz, E | 1 |
| Dalton, TK | 1 |
| Thompson, JA | 1 |
| Metz, S | 1 |
| Dunlop, M | 1 |
| Arendt, T | 1 |
| Schugens, MM | 1 |
| Bigl, V | 1 |
| Haag, M | 1 |
| Granzow, L | 1 |
| Greil, W | 1 |
| Haag, H | 1 |
| Beracochea, D | 1 |
| Durkin, TP | 1 |
| Jaffard, R | 1 |
| Konttinen, K | 1 |
| Oura, E | 1 |
| Suomalainen, H | 1 |
| Bertrand, JL | 1 |
| Rubin, E | 1 |
| Azzena, D | 1 |
| Tichy, J | 1 |
| Alling, C | 1 |
| Dencker, SJ | 1 |
| Svennerholm, L | 1 |
| Orrego-Matte, H | 1 |
| Navia, E | 1 |
| Feres, A | 1 |
| Costamaillere, L | 1 |
| Pisi, E | 1 |
| Bianchi, FB | 1 |
| Nigro, F | 1 |
| DeCarli, LM | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multimodal Imaging of Progesterone/Neurosteroid Effects in Nicotine Addiction[NCT01954966] | Phase 4 | 81 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-11-30 | Completed | ||
| Imaging Framework for Testing GABAergic/Glutamatergic Drugs in Bipolar Alcoholics[NCT03220776] | Phase 2 | 54 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-08-07 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Craving will be assessed using the Brief Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (BQSU). It ranges from 7-70 with higher levels indicating higher levels of nicotine craving. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 40.89 | 30.45 | 38.47 | 38.81 | 41.91 | 40.84 | 40.90 | 39.23 | 41.95 | 27.64 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 41.94 | 25.77 | 34.34 | 37.98 | 41.82 | 42.03 | 40.29 | 37.68 | 42.38 | 28.22 |
"GABA concentrations (collected in the Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex [DACC]) will be obtained using the non-invasive neuroimaging method of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) both before and after placebo administration and smoking abstinence. In total subjects will undergo 6 1H-MRS scans. The 6 1H-MRS scans take place over a period of approximately 1-2 months. Each paradigm (placebo/progesterone) takes approximately one week, with an approximately two-week wash in between paradigms for men and an approximately 1-month wash in between paradigms for women. The subject will undergo a smoking session on Test Day #1 and Test Day #5, MRS scans are conducted on Test Day #2 (2 scans) and Test Day #5 (1 scan).~Minimal data is available for the primary outcome due to substantial issues with the 7T scanner. All subsequent scans were conducted on a 3T scanner which does not have the capacity to collect data on GABA." (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Test Day #2 and Test Day #5 - 6 total scans over the period of 2-3 months.
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Test day 2 (baseline, pre-scan) | Test day 2 (post-scan) | Test day 5 (pre-smoking) | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.23 | 1.28 | 1.21 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.17 | 1.24 | 1.17 |
"GABA concentrations (collected in the Dorsolateral Pre-Frontal Cortex [DLPFC]) will be obtained using the non-invasive neuroimaging method of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) both before and after placebo administration and smoking abstinence. In total subjects will undergo 6 1H-MRS scans. The 6 1H-MRS scans take place over a period of approximately 1-2 months. Each paradigm (placebo/progesterone) takes approximately one week, with an approximately two-week wash in between paradigms for men and an approximately 1-month wash in between paradigms for women. The subject will undergo a smoking session on Test Day #1 and Test Day #5, MRS scans are conducted on Test Day #2 (2 scans) and Test Day #5 (1 scan).~Minimal data is available for the primary outcome due to substantial issues with the 7T scanner. All subsequent scans were conducted on a 3T scanner which does not have the capacity to collect data on GABA." (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Test Day #2 and Test Day #5 - 6 total scans over the period of 2-3 months.
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2- pre scan | Day 2- post scan | Day 5- after scan, pre smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.18 | 1.05 | 1.06 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.20 | 0.98 | 1.11 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels bad effects of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling more bad effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 26.25 | 25.39 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 25.92 | 28.70 |
NEQ question: feels good effects of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling more good effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 67.72 | 67.84 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 67.84 | 64.72 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels strength of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling stronger effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 71.45 | 74.87 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 71.01 | 75.25 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels head rush. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling stronger/more intense head rush after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 30.58 | 40.23 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 29.38 | 42.48 |
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Negative Affect Score. Ranges from 10-50 with higher scores representing higher levels of negative affect. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 11.94 | 10.64 | 11.25 | 11.59 | 12.31 | 13.07 | 12.51 | 12.90 | 12.55 | 11.41 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 11.43 | 10.57 | 11.03 | 11.49 | 13.01 | 12.89 | 13.06 | 13.16 | 12.18 | 11.94 |
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Positive Affect Score. Ranges from 10-50 with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 37.10 | 35.72 | 36.08 | 33.51 | 32.57 | 32.34 | 32.56 | 33.25 | 33.45 | 33.10 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 37.23 | 36.11 | 36.55 | 34.17 | 33.30 | 32.81 | 32.03 | 32.61 | 32.53 | 33.76 |
Profile of Mood State (POMS) Subscale: Vigor. Subscale ranges from 0 to 32, with higher levels indicating higher levels of vigor. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 18.71 | 16.74 | 16.71 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 18.71 | 16.73 | 16.39 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Anger-Hostility. This scale ranges from 0 to 48 with higher levels indicating higher levels of anger/hostility. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 0.94 | 1.55 | 2.70 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 0.83 | 1.41 | 2.36 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Confusion-Bewilderment. Ranges from 0 to 28 with higher levels indicating higher levels of confusion/bewilderment. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.47 | 2.95 | 3.46 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.31 | 2.98 | 2.80 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Depression-Dejection. This subscale ranges from 0-60 with higher levels indicating greater depression/dejection. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.09 | 1.30 | 1.66 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 0.64 | 0.88 | 1.81 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Fatigue. This subscale ranges from 0 to 28 with higher scores indicating higher levels of fatigue. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.17 | 2.84 | 3.66 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.77 | 3.63 | 3.10 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Tension-Anxiety. This subscale ranges from 0-28 with higher levels indicating greater tension/anxiety. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post- 2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.88 | 3.55 | 4.85 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.57 | 3.11 | 3.70 |
Withdrawal symptoms will be measured using the Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms Checklist (NWSC). The scale ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 28, with higher scores indicating greater withdrawal (more withdrawal symptoms, higher intensity/severity of withdrawal). (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 1 pre 1st smoking session | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 1 post 1st smoking session | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 2 pre-scan | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 2 post-scan | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 3 abstinence AM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 3 abstinence PM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 4 abstinence AM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 4 abstinence PM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 5 pre-smoking | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 5 post-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 6.00 | 4.84 | 5.67 | 5.37 | 7.07 | 6.99 | 7.33 | 7.19 | 7.01 | 4.60 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 6.15 | 4.48 | 4.92 | 5.25 | 7.62 | 7.88 | 7.66 | 7.32 | 7.34 | 4.82 |
Craving will also be assessed using the Tiffany Questionnaire for Smoking Urges. It ranges from 32 to 224 with higher scores indicated higher levels of smoking urges/craving. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session, day 3 (PM), day 4 (PM), day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 143.45 | 138.46 | 139.11 | 146.22 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 140.31 | 140.77 | 135.88 | 141.08 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Anxious. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 16.69 | 15.02 | 20.20 | 16.38 | 18.46 | 15.88 | 17.81 | 16.26 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 15.62 | 12.65 | 17.38 | 20.23 | 15.08 | 15.63 | 19.05 | 15.30 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Calm. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 74.35 | 73.15 | 65.65 | 58.92 | 60.23 | 65.47 | 67.60 | 69.27 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 76.52 | 69.23 | 61.15 | 52.44 | 57.97 | 62.48 | 61.02 | 70.52 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Depressed. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.97 | 4.99 | 6.43 | 4.61 | 5.51 | 5.67 | 2.64 | 2.53 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.87 | 5.55 | 6.85 | 4.58 | 5.17 | 5.73 | 5.26 | 4.89 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Drowsy. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 16.63 | 24.25 | 17.14 | 24.71 | 19.56 | 19.84 | 23.01 | 20.45 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 14.29 | 30.17 | 15.43 | 24.36 | 18.32 | 20.50 | 21.01 | 21.45 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Energetic. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 54.86 | 55.18 | 56.14 | 56.13 | 55.62 | 53.45 | 51.47 | 54.79 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 67.01 | 21.03 | 58.11 | 50.12 | 54.89 | 56.77 | 56.64 | 54.70 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Happy. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 76.62 | 70.98 | 66.22 | 65.10 | 62.76 | 61.99 | 66.59 | 70.07 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 79.70 | 71.34 | 64.04 | 61.30 | 60.58 | 63.95 | 63.46 | 67.87 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Headache. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 6.50 | 5.74 | 9.15 | 8.86 | 10.88 | 11.83 | 9.05 | 11.93 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 7.59 | 9.39 | 14.71 | 10.93 | 7.70 | 12.78 | 13.36 | 11.67 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Heartburn. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.11 | 4.30 | 5.46 | 6.00 | 7.31 | 5.51 | 4.33 | 4.56 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.35 | 4.06 | 3.27 | 4.55 | 6.50 | 5.56 | 5.30 | 6.37 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Hunger. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 34.60 | 28.63 | 24.88 | 27.72 | 27.94 | 25.57 | 28.22 | 28.63 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 40.23 | 22.20 | 33.40 | 31.95 | 34.64 | 29.27 | 35.22 | 32.61 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Irritable. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 7.50 | 13.20 | 24.80 | 23.97 | 30.79 | 26.50 | 23.23 | 13.45 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 5.71 | 13.01 | 24.56 | 25.49 | 29.58 | 30.11 | 22.96 | 15.52 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Nauseous. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 5.52 | 6.31 | 6.01 | 8.07 | 6.07 | 6.60 | 6.51 | 8.00 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 4.92 | 5.43 | 10.44 | 9.85 | 8.22 | 10.29 | 10.34 | 11.41 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Nervous. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 13.24 | 10.91 | 7.19 | 9.56 | 9.36 | 10.83 | 10.79 | 7.64 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 10.26 | 8.46 | 8.22 | 9.24 | 11.37 | 10.66 | 12.15 | 11.94 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Relaxed. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 72.66 | 67.77 | 63.87 | 57.69 | 57.83 | 63.46 | 62.45 | 67.99 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 73.87 | 63.65 | 55.85 | 54.08 | 55.37 | 63.45 | 67.65 | 67.55 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Sad. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.95 | 6.77 | 5.67 | 4.36 | 8.54 | 7.32 | 3.87 | 2.95 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.09 | 4.48 | 10.51 | 9.07 | 8.47 | 8.65 | 12.47 | 5.92 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Headache. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 54.17 | 50.61 | 51.43 | 48.14 | 49.67 | 50.48 | 52.74 | 54.26 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 57.46 | 51.46 | 50.34 | 47.04 | 50.71 | 49.27 | 56.19 | 53.12 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Tired. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 24.15 | 29.67 | 21.64 | 30.82 | 31.73 | 30.69 | 33.94 | 31.22 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 18.62 | 40.92 | 27.24 | 35.53 | 27.99 | 28.51 | 32.06 | 34.79 |
Concentrations of GABA+, referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (i.e., MEGA-PRESS). (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition
| Intervention | mmol/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| N-Acetylcysteine | 3.90 |
| Gabapentin | 3.93 |
| Placebo Oral Tablet | 3.73 |
Concentrations of Glx (i.e., glutamate + glutamine), referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition
| Intervention | mmol/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| N-Acetylcysteine | 21.59 |
| Gabapentin | 21.69 |
| Placebo Oral Tablet | 22.25 |
9 reviews available for choline and Alcohol Abuse
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Brain metabolite alterations related to alcohol use: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies.
Topics: Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectros | 2022 |
Neurochemistry of drug action: insights from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and their relevance to addiction.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Appetite Stimulants; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Cocaine; Creatine; Glutamic | 2010 |
N-acetylaspartate as a marker of neuronal injury in neurodegenerative disease.
Topics: Aging; Alcoholism; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Injuries; | 2006 |
Cytotoxic effects of alcohol on the liver.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Choline; Dietary Fats; Die | 1977 |
The effects of ethanol ingestion on lipid metabolism.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Cholesterol; Choline; Ethanol; Fatty Ac | 1979 |
Phospholipase D in the pancreatic islet: evidence suggesting the involvement of phosphatidic acid in signal transduction.
Topics: Age Factors; Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Choline; Enzyme Activation; Hyperglycemia; Insul | 1991 |
Treatment of alcoholic liver injury.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Choline; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hepatitis, Alcohol | 1985 |
[Physiopathology of ethylic steatosis].
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Dogs; Ethanol; Fatty Live | 1972 |
Alcoholic fatty liver.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Animals; Child; Choline; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Drug Synergism; Et | 1969 |
2 trials available for choline and Alcohol Abuse
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Aspartic Acid; C-Reactive Protein; Choline; Creatine; Humans; | 2022 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
42 other studies available for choline and Alcohol Abuse
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Alcohol Craving and Severity are Associated with Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Choline Levels in Individuals with an Alcohol Use Disorder.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Choline; Craving; Ethanol; Gyrus Cinguli; H | 2023 |
Imaging neuroinflammation? A perspective from MR spectroscopy.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Antiretroviral Thera | 2014 |
A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Comorbidity; Creatine; gamma-Amino | 2014 |
Brain metabolite levels in recently sober individuals with alcohol use disorder: Relation to drinking variables and relapse.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Chronic Dise | 2016 |
Concomitants of alcoholism: differential effects of thiamine deficiency, liver damage, and food deprivation on the rat brain in vivo.
Topics: Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Food Dep | 2016 |
Alcohol abuse and acute behavioural disturbances in a 24-year-old patient. Diagnosis: Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD).
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Corpus Callosum; Crea | 2009 |
Brain metabolite changes in alcoholism: localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the occipital lobe.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Creatine; Humans; Image Interpretat | 2011 |
Brain injury and recovery following binge ethanol: evidence from in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Body Weight; Brain Injuries; Brain Mapping | 2010 |
Body mass index is associated with brain metabolite levels in alcohol dependence--a multimodal magnetic resonance study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Body Mass Index; Brain; Choline; Creatine; | 2010 |
Proton MR spectroscopic studies of chronic alcohol exposure on the rat brain.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Chronic Disease; Creatine; Magnetic Resonance Sp | 2003 |
LIPOTROPIC supplements in fatty cirrhosis.
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Lipotropic Agents; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases | 1953 |
[The fate of the liver in alcoholics. II. Use of lipotropic factors in the treatment of hepatic dysfunction].
Topics: Alcoholics; Alcoholism; Choline; Humans; Inositol; Lipotropic Agents; Liver Diseases; Methionine | 1954 |
Nutritional aspects of cirrhosis in alcoholism; effect of a purified diet supplemented with choline.
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis | 1954 |
[Use of lipotropic substances in alcoholism; clinical and psychological research].
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Humans; Lipotropic Agents; Mental Disorders; Research | 1956 |
[Simultaneous administration of alcohol and lipotropic drugs in chronic alcoholics; behavior of hepatic steatosis studied by serial punch biopsies].
Topics: Alcoholics; Alcoholism; Biopsy; Choline; Fatty Liver; Humans; Lipotropic Agents; Methionine | 1957 |
Central pontine myelinolysis in chronic alcoholism demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy.
Topics: Alcoholism; Choline; Creatine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; | 2004 |
Cortical NAA deficits in HIV infection without dementia: influence of alcoholism comorbidity.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain Mapping; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Com | 2005 |
Brain metabolite concentrations and neurocognition during short-term recovery from alcohol dependence: Preliminary evidence of the effects of concurrent chronic cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Cognition; Cross-Sectio | 2006 |
Get sober; stay sober.
Topics: Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Diseases; Choline; Creatine; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spec | 2007 |
Manifestations of early brain recovery associated with abstinence from alcoholism.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Attention; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cerebellum; Choline; C | 2007 |
Alteration of brain metabolites in young alcoholics without structural changes.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Brain; Brain Mapping; Choline; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic | 2007 |
Chronic cigarette smoking modulates injury and short-term recovery of the medial temporal lobe in alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Choline; Cross-Sectional | 2008 |
Are treated alcoholics representative of the entire population with alcohol use disorders? A magnetic resonance study of brain injury.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Female; Humans; Magneti | 2008 |
[Effect of the administration of nucleotide coenzymes on the lipogenic enzyme changes caused by chronic alcohol intoxication].
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Coenzyme A; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Die | 1982 |
Brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies in recently abstinent alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Brain; Cerebellum; Choline; Female; Humans; Magneti | 1995 |
Studies on phospholipid biosynthesis in hepatocytes from alcoholic rats by using radiolabeled exogenous precursors.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotr | 1996 |
Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the cerebellum in detoxifying alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Cerebellum; Choline; Female; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 1999 |
Elevated myo-inositol in gray matter of recently detoxified but not long-term abstinent alcoholics: a preliminary MR spectroscopy study.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Humans; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisp | 2000 |
Metabolic changes in rat brain after prolonged ethanol consumption measured by 1H and 31P MRS experiments.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain; Cho | 2000 |
Chemical pathology in brain white matter of recently detoxified alcoholics: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation of alcohol-associated frontal lobe injury.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Creatine; Female; Frontal Lobe; Humans; Inositol; | 2001 |
Developmental changes in the brain levels of neurotransmitters as influenced by maternal ethanol consumption in the rat.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Acetaldehyde; Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Br | 1977 |
Alterations in high-affinity choline uptake in brain after acute and chronic ethanol treatment.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Butanols; Caudate Nucleus; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Ethanol; Hippocampu | 1979 |
Studies of the acute and chronic effects of ethanol ingestion on choline oxidation.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Ethanol; Humans; Mitochond | 1976 |
The cholinergic system and memory: amelioration of ethanol-induced memory deficiency by physostigmine in rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferas | 1990 |
RBC-choline: a biological marker of the outcome of lithium prophylaxis?
Topics: Alcoholism; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Choline; Erythrocytes; Hu | 1987 |
On the involvement of the central cholinergic system in memory deficits induced by long term ethanol consumption in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Energy Intake; Hippoca | 1986 |
Influence of short-term alcohol consumption on the excretion of some components of the vitamin-B group in the urine of rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Biological Assay; Biotin; Choline; Ethanol; Feces; Female; Fluorometry; Folic A | 1967 |
[Clinical trial of a new hepatoprotective preparation].
Topics: Alcoholism; Cholelithiasis; Choline; Diabetes Complications; Drug Combinations; Homocysteine; Humans | 1972 |
Fatty acid profiles of cerebrospinal fluid lipids in normals and chronic alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amino Alcohols; Cholesterol; Choline; Chromatography; Esters; Humans; Linoleic Ac | 1970 |
Ethanol ingestion and incorporation of 32P into phospholipids of pancreas in the rat.
Topics: Acute Disease; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Choline; Chronic Disease; Depression, Ch | 1969 |
[Considerations on the therapy of hepatic steatosis].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Choline; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diabetes Complications; Fatty Liver; Gout; He | 1969 |
Study of agents for the prevention of the fatty liver produced by prolonged alcohol intake.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Antioxidants; Choline; Diet; Fatty Liver; Glycerides; Human | 1966 |