cholecystokinin and Cat-Diseases

Like their owners, dogs and cats are more and more affected by overweight and obesity-related problems and interest in functional pet foods is growing sharply. Through numerous studies, fish protein hydrolysates have proved their worth to prevent and manage obesity-related comorbidities like diabetes. In this work, a human in vitro static simulated gastrointestinal digestion model was adapted to the dog which allowed us to demonstrate the promising effects of a tilapia byproduct hydrolysate on the regulation of food intake and glucose metabolism. Promising effects on intestinal hormones secretion and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activity were evidenced. We identify new bioactive peptides able to stimulate cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretions, and to inhibit the DPP-IV activity after a transport study through a Caco-2 cell monolayer.

Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Biological Transport; Caco-2 Cells; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cholecystokinin; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fish Products; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Glucose; Humans; Hydrolysis; In Vitro Techniques; Mass Spectrometry; Overweight; Peptides; Protein Hydrolysates; Swine; Tilapia

To determine whether colonic smooth muscle dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic megacolon in cats.. In vitro smooth muscle mechanical measurements.. Colon from healthy cats and cats with idiopathic megacolon.. Colonic smooth muscle strips were suspended in physiologic buffer solution, attached to isometric force transducers, and contracted with acetylcholine (ACh; 10(-9) to 10(-4)M), substance P (SP; 10(-10) to 10(-6)M), cholecystokinin (CCK; 10(-11) to 10(-8)M), potassium chloride (KCl; 10 to 80 mM), or electrical field stimulation (EFS; 25 V, 1 to 30 Hz, 0.5-millisecond duration). Isometric stress responses were compared with those obtained from healthy controls. Colonic smooth muscle strips were also evaluated histologically for neuronal and smooth muscle cell morphology.. Passive isometric stress was not altered, but the active isometric stress responses of megacolon smooth muscle to ACh, SP, CCK, KCl, and EFS were significantly (P < 0.05) diminished, compared with healthy controls. Differences were observed in longitudinal and circular smooth muscle from proximal and distal portions of the colon. Histologic evaluation revealed few abnormalities of smooth muscle cells or of myenteric or submucosal plexus neurons. The contractile response of megacolon smooth muscle to EFS, and the inhibition of this response by tetrodotoxin, suggest that myenteric and submucosal plexus neurons in megacolon smooth muscle are functional.. Idiopathic megacolon is a generalized dysfunction of colonic smooth muscle in cats. The diminished isometric stress responses to receptor occupancy (ACh, SP, and CCK) and membrane depolarization (KCl) further suggest that the disorder involves disturbance in the activation of smooth muscle myofilaments.

Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cholecystokinin; Colectomy; Colon; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Megacolon; Muscle, Smooth; Potassium Chloride; Reference Values; Substance P