cholecalciferol and Urinary-Tract-Infections

To explore the role of cholecalciferol for the prophylaxis against recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).. Our randomized, uncontrolled prospective study included 389 naïve BPH patients with moderate/severe symptoms, consecutively. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups; group-A included 193 patients who received tamsulosin, while group-B included another 196 patients who received tamsulosin with cholecalciferol. The study population was followed up for 2 years after the start of the treatment. For all the patients enrolled, clinical evaluation, imaging studies (abdominal and trans-rectal ultrasonography), and laboratory investigations [including urinalysis, urine culture with antibiotic susceptibility testing for positive cultures and estimation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level] were provided.. The incidence rate of recurrent UTI was 9% among the study population; it was significantly higher among group-A patients compared to those of group-B (13.5% vs. 4.6%, p 0.003, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.5-4.3). Compared to patients of group-A, those of group-B developed a significantly lower level of PSA at the end of treatment period (0.16 ± 0.03 ng/mL vs. 0.27 ± 0.08 ng/mL, p 0.043, OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.8).. Adjuvant cholecalciferol supplementation may be protective against recurrent UTI among patients with BPH receiving tamsulosin therapy without extra adverse effects.

Topics: Aged; Cholecalciferol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Recurrence; Tamsulosin; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Tract Infections; Urological Agents; Vitamins

The majority of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Designing a vaccine will certainly reduce the occurrence of infection and antibiotic resistance of the isolates. Antigen 43 (Ag43) and autotransporter H (UpaH) have been associated with the virulence of UPEC. In the present study, the efficacy of different formulations of a hybrid protein composed of Ag43 and UpaH with and without alum and 1,25(OH)2D3 (Vitamin D3) adjuvants were evaluated in mice model. A significant increase in IgG and cellular responses was developed against Ag43::UpaH as compared to the control mice. The addition of alum or a mixture of alum and Vitamin D3 to the protein significantly enhanced the serum IgG responses and tended to remain in a steady state until 6 months. In addition, the mentioned formulations produced significant amounts of IgG1, IL-4, and IL-17 as compared to the fusion protein alone. In addition to the mentioned formulations, the combination of protein with Vitamin D3 also resulted in significantly higher serum IgA and IFN-γ levels as compared to the fusion protein alone. Mice immunized with fusion plus alum and formulation protein admixed with both alum and Vitamin D3 significantly reduced the bacterial load in the bladders and kidneys of mice as compared to the control. In this study, for the first time, the ability of a novel hybrid protein in combination with adjuvants alum and Vitamin D3 was evaluated against UPEC. Our results indicated that fusion Ag43::UpaH admixed with alum and Vitamin D3 could be a promising candidate against UTIs.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Alum Compounds; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Load; Bacterial Vaccines; Cholecalciferol; Cytokines; Escherichia coli Proteins; Immunity, Humoral; Immunization; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intravenous; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mucous Membrane; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Urinary Tract Infections; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli; Virulence Factors

After feeding various diets we studied the effects of dietary calcium, magnesium and phosphorus on the formation of struvite stones in rats with urinary tract infections, and also studied the effects of the administration of vitamin D3 and aluminium gel on stone formation. A low-magnesium diet decreased urinary magnesium and prevented stone formation, but a medium-calcium diet did not significantly decrease stone weight. A high-calcium diet decreased urinary phosphorus and inhibited stone formation. A high-calcium and high-phosphorus diet decreased urinary excretion of magnesium and inhibited stone formation. Although the administration of vitamin D3 did not inhibit stone formation, aluminium gel decreased the urinary level of phosphorus and prevented stone formation. A marked decrease in urinary magnesium and/or phosphorus may prevent struvite stone formation in rats with urinary tract infections.

Topics: Aluminum; Animals; Calcium, Dietary; Cholecalciferol; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Male; Phosphates; Phosphorus, Dietary; Proteus Infections; Proteus mirabilis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Struvite; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholecalciferol; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Sex Factors; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections