cholecalciferol and Peripheral-Arterial-Disease

Apart from its role in bone metabolism, vitamin D may also influence cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was: (1) to determine the effect of a single, oral, high-dose vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and (2) to investigate the impact of this supplementation on coagulation and inflammation parameters.. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, interventional pilot study, we screened 76 Caucasian patients with PAD for vitamin D deficiency. Sixty-two were randomised to receive a single, oral supplementation of 100,000 IU vitamin D3 or placebo. At baseline and after 1 month, we measured serum vitamin D and parathormone levels, and surrogate parameters for cardiovascular disease.. Sixty-five of 76 patients (86%) had low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (<30 ng ml(-1)); of those, 62 agreed to participate in the study. At baseline, only parathormone was related to vitamin D. In supplemented patients, vitamin D levels increased from 16.3 ± 6.7 to 24.3 ± 6.2 ng ml(-1) (P < 0.001), with wide variations between single patients; in the placebo group vitamin levels did not change. Seasonal factors accounted for a decrease of vitamin D levels by 8 ng ml(-1) between summer and winter. After 1 month, none of the measured parameters was influenced by vitamin substitution.. In this pilot study, most patients with PAD were vitamin D deficient. Vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D without influencing endothelial function, arterial stiffness, coagulation and inflammation parameters, although the study was underpowered for definite conclusions.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Blood Coagulation; Cholecalciferol; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Hormone; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Pilot Projects; Seasons; Switzerland; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Stiffness; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

Medial artery calcification results from deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals on elastin layers, and osteogenic changes in vascular smooth muscle cells. It is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and peripheral artery disease (PAD), and when identified in lower extremity vessels, it is associated with increased amputation rates. This study aims to evaluate the effects of medial calcification on perfusion and functional recovery after hindlimb ischemia in rats. Medial artery calcification and acute limb ischemia were induced by vitamin D

Topics: Animals; Arteries; Cholecalciferol; Hindlimb; Male; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Vascular Calcification

Recent studies have highlighted a significant association between the severity of atherosclerosis and bone mineral density (BMD) among healthy subjects, although its connection to angiographically determined peripheral artery disease (PAD) has never been investigated. We evaluated the connection between the angiographic severity and site specificity of peripheral atherosclerosis and osteoporosis among patients with chronic lower limb ischemia. In our cross-sectional study we investigated 172 patients with PAD. The anatomic sites of the lesions were analyzed. The severity of atherosclerosis was diagnosed using the Bollinger angiographic score (BS). BMD was measured at the lumbar spine (l-BMD) and at femoral (f-BMD) and radial (r-BMD) sites by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dyslipidemia, the level of vitamin D(3), and different bone turnover markers were also noted. Among PAD patients, regardless of the lesion site, we did not find any association between BMD and BS. Among patients with iliac disease, BS was associated with l-BMD (p = 0.038, r = -0.467) and with f-BMD (p = 0.002, r = -0.642). The level of r-BMD among patients with iliac disease was not associated with BS (p = 0.233, r = -0.306). We did not find any difference between the group of patients with and that without dyslipidemia and low or normal levels of vitamin D(3). Our results show a connection between the severity of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis among patients with PAD, specific to the site of the lesion. The findings regarding dyslipidemia, bone markers, and site specificity support the hypothesis that reduced blood flow is the key factor responsible for the inverse association of BMD with atherosclerosis.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Aged; Atherosclerosis; Bone Density; Cholecalciferol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dyslipidemias; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Peripheral Arterial Disease

Topics: Cholecalciferol; Dietary Supplements; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Male; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Vitamin D Deficiency

Topics: Cholecalciferol; Dietary Supplements; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Male; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Vitamin D Deficiency