cholecalciferol and Memory-Disorders

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D3 (Vit D) administration on memory function, hippocampal level of amyloid-beta (Aβ), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and oxidative stress status in a rat model of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Vit D was intraperitoneally administered at doses of 100, 1000, and 10,000 IU/kg. Animals were subjected to UCMS for a total period of 4 weeks. Memory function was assessed using morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests. Biochemical markers were measured to reveal the status of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system. In addition, the levels of Aβ and BDNF were measured in hippocampal region. In the UCMS group, latency to find the platform was greater and the time spent in target quadrant (MWM test) as well as the latency to enter the dark compartment (PA test), were less than the vehicle group. Hippocampal malondialdehyde (MDA) and Aβ concentrations in the UCMS group were higher than the vehicle group. Hippocampal level of thiol and BDNF plus the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were reduced in UCMS group compared to the control subjects (i.e. vehicle group). Interestingly, Vit D treatment supplementation reversed the mentioned effects of UCMS. Our findings indicated that Vit D administration improves UCMS-induced impairment of learning and memory through prevention of adverse effects on Aβ, BDNF and oxidative stress parameters.

Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cholecalciferol; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Memory Disorders; Morris Water Maze Test; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Severity of Illness Index; Stress, Psychological; Superoxide Dismutase

Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. The passive avoidance test and Morris water maze (MWM) test were conducted to evaluate the learning and memory function. Oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total thiol content as well as interleukin (IL)-6 were evaluated in the hippocampus tissue.. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of LPS (1 mg/kg) correlates with deficits in passive avoidance and spatial learning in the systemic inflammation model. However, pretreatment with vitamin D. In conclusion, our results suggest that vitamin D

Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cholecalciferol; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar

Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cholecalciferol; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Cytoskeleton; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Hippocampus; Memory Disorders; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Ovariectomy; Phosphorylation; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar

In addition to its function in calcium and bone metabolism, vitamin D is neuroprotective and important for mitigating inflammation. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by neuronal loss in many areas of the brain, and the formation of senile (neuritic) plaques, which increase in number and size over time. The goal of this project was to investigate whether vitamin D3 supplementation would affect amyloid plaque formation in amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) transgenic mice that spontaneously develop amyloid plaques within 3-4 months of birth. AβPP mice were fed control, vitamin D3-deficient or vitamin D3-enriched diets for five months, starting immediately after weaning. At the end of the study, the animals were subjected to behavioral studies, sacrificed, and examined for bone changes and brain amyloid load, amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide levels, inflammatory changes, and nerve growth factor (NGF) content. The results obtained indicate that a vitamin D3-enriched diet correlates with a decrease in the number of amyloid plaques, a decrease in Aβ peptides, a decrease in inflammation, and an increase in NGF in the brains of AβPP mice. These observations suggest that a vitamin D3-enriched diet may benefit AD patients.

Topics: Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Bone and Bones; Brain; Cholecalciferol; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Growth Factor; NFI Transcription Factors; Plaque, Amyloid; Presenilin-1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha