cholecalciferol and Hyperandrogenism

To assess effects of vitamin D and Calcium (Ca) on hormonal and metabolic milieu of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).. Single arm open label trial.. Twelve overweight and vitamin D deficient women with PCOS underwent a 2 hour oral glucose tolerance testing at baseline and following 3-month supplementation with vitamin D (daily dose of 3533 IU, increased to 8533 IU after the first five participants) and 530 mg elemental Ca daily.. Blood pressure (BP), plasma glucose, insulin, total testosterone (T) androstenedione (A), sex hormone binding globulin, lifestyle parameters were assessed at baseline and following 3-month intervention. Insulin resistance (IR) and area under the curve for glucose and insulin were computed; paired analyses were conducted.. Improved serum 25OHD (p < 0.001) and reductions in total T (p = 0.036) and A (p = 0.090) levels were noted following 3-month supplementation, compared to baseline. Significant lowering in BP parameters was seen in participants with baseline BP ≥ 120/80 mmHg (n = 8) and in those with baseline serum 25OHD ≤20 ng/ml (n = 9). Parameters of glucose homeostasis and IR remained unchanged (p > 0.05).. Androgen and BP profiles improved followed three month intervention, suggesting therapeutic implications of vitamin D and Ca in overweight and vitamin D deficient women with PCOS.

Topics: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; Adult; Body Mass Index; Calcifediol; Calcium, Dietary; Cholecalciferol; Cohort Studies; Dietary Supplements; Ergocalciferols; Female; Humans; Hyperandrogenism; Hypertension; Overweight; Patient Dropouts; Pilot Projects; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Testosterone Congeners; Vitamin D Deficiency; Young Adult

Vitamin D (VitD) hypovitaminosis and androgen excess (AE) are both risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in fertile women. However, the possible early interaction between AE and VitD status is not clear. Our goal was to describe how VitD status influences early changes in the biomechanical reactivity of small coronary arterioles in adult female rats after transdermal testosterone treatment. Forty-six adolescent, 90-110-gram-weighed female Wistar rats were randomly grouped into 4 groups. Twenty-four animals received an optimal VitD-supplemented diet, from which 12 animals underwent transdermal testosterone treatment. Twenty-two animals received a VitD-deficient diet, from which 11 were treated with testosterone. At 8 weeks of treatment, invasive arterial blood pressure was registered after in vivo cannulation of carotid artery. Arteriolar end and side branches (200 μm diameter) of the left anterior descendent coronary artery (LAD) were obtained and examined with pressure arteriography in vitro. Similar segments were removed for histological examination. The inner and outer radii of the arterioles were measured using video-microscopy. Normal myogenic tone, maximal passive vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction of the arterioles were measured and statistically analyzed. The vessels' maximal smooth muscle relaxant potential, thromboxane-induced contraction capacity and normal myogenic tone were significantly influenced by actual VitD status. A lower relaxation capacity and increased wall thickness were observed in VitD-deficient groups, which could cause rigidity of the coronary arterioles and elevate cardiovascular risk. Supplementation of VitD could improve myogenic tone and relaxation and hold cardiovascular benefits.

Topics: Animals; Arterioles; Biomechanical Phenomena; Cholecalciferol; Coronary Vessels; Disease Models, Animal; Elastic Modulus; Elastic Tissue; Female; Hyperandrogenism; Rats, Wistar; Vascular Remodeling; Vascular Stiffness; Vasoconstriction; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Vitamin D Deficiency