cholecalciferol and Feeding-and-Eating-Disorders

The existing guidelines on screening and treatment are confusing because different guidelines target different populations. The IOM and AAP guidelines target generally healthy populations, whereas the Endocrine Society and other subspecialty guidelines target individuals with specific medical conditions associated with increased bone fragility. These distinctions have not always been well articulated. For healthy adolescents, the AAP does not recommend universal screening or screening of obese or dark-skinned individuals. Increased dietary intake of vitamin D is recommended, and vitamin D supplementation can be considered if the RDA cannot be met. For adolescents with chronic medical illnesses associated with increased fracture risk, screening for vitamin D deficiency should be performed by obtaining a serum 25-OHD level. Those found to be deficient (25-OHD level < 20 ng/mL) should be treated with doses of vitamin D2 or vitamin D3 higher than the daily requirement (as discussed in the section on vitamin D and chronic disease), followed by a maintenance dose. A repeat 25-OHD level should be obtained after the therapeutic course is completed. Some experts advocate for achievement of 25-OHD levels greater than 30 ng/mL in conditions associated with increased bone fragility, and several pediatric subspecialty organizations have made recommendations specific to the diseases they treat. In such instances, the recommendations of the pediatric subspecialty organizations should take precedence over the AAP recommendations for adolescents with chronic illnesses associated with increased bone fragility because the AAP recommendations were primarily targeted at a healthy population.

Topics: Adolescent; Celiac Disease; Cholecalciferol; Comorbidity; Cystic Fibrosis; Ergocalciferols; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Mass Screening; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Rheumatic Diseases; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins

Two cases of vitamin D3 intoxication in piglets are described. The dietary concentrations of vitamin D3 were 265 and 435 thousand IE/kg. Decreased feed intake, growth depression and polyuria or polydypsia were observed. In some animals hypercalcemia and symptoms of impaired renal function were found. Pathological findings included calcinosis of several tissues and degenerative damage.

Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Calcinosis; Cholecalciferol; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Foodborne Diseases; Hypercalcemia; Kidney; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Cholecalciferol; Copper; Diarrhea; Diet; Digestion; Energy Metabolism; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Parasite Egg Count; Phosphorus; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Trichostrongyloidiasis