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chlorpromazine and Parkinson Disease, Secondary

chlorpromazine has been researched along with Parkinson Disease, Secondary in 55 studies

Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.
chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.

Parkinson Disease, Secondary: Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Chlorpromazine, a widely available and inexpensive antipsychotic drug, is considered the benchmark treatment for schizophrenia worldwide."8.95Chlorpromazine versus metiapine for schizophrenia. ( Bazrafshan, A; Zare, M, 2017)
"A Parkinsonian-like tremor can be induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats."7.68Parkinsonian-like tremor induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats with left-paw preference. ( Cankaya, A; Gepdiremen, A; Kutlu, N; Tan, U, 1992)
"Chlorpromazine, a widely available and inexpensive antipsychotic drug, is considered the benchmark treatment for schizophrenia worldwide."4.95Chlorpromazine versus metiapine for schizophrenia. ( Bazrafshan, A; Zare, M, 2017)
"A Parkinsonian-like tremor can be induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats."3.68Parkinsonian-like tremor induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats with left-paw preference. ( Cankaya, A; Gepdiremen, A; Kutlu, N; Tan, U, 1992)
"Pimozide was found to exert somewhat less of an overall therapeutic effect than chlorpromazine, particularly in highly agitated patients."2.65Pimozide in the treatment of newly admitted schizophrenic patients. ( Annable, L; Chouinard, G, 1982)
"Postural hypotension was observed in both patient groups."2.65Single daily dose chlorpromazine therapy in psychosis. An evaluation. ( Kalyanasundaram, S; Kapur, RL; Machado, TA; Shrikhande, SA, 1981)
" Improvement was recorded in a double blind study of 18 patients treated with maximum tolerated dosage (mean 18."2.64Tardive dyskinesia treated with pimozide. ( Calne, DB; Claveria, LE; Haskayne, L; Lodge-Patch, IC; Pallis, CA; Petrie, A; Teychenne, PF, 1975)
"Risperidone (4 mg/day) was added to her drug regimen and after increasing the dosage to 6 mg/day, she began to exhibit retrocollis."1.31Tardive dystonia provoked by concomitantly administered risperidone. ( Hori, M; Hori, T; Kawanishi, Y; Shiraishi, H; Suzuki, T; Tachikawa, H, 2000)
"Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) in Parkinson's disease (PD) may be classified into three main categories: "On" dyskinesias, diphasic dyskinesias (DD), and "off" periods."1.28Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: clinical and pharmacological classification. ( Gershanik, O; Luquin, MR; Obeso, JA; Scipioni, O; Vaamonde, J, 1992)
"A historical review of the adverse reactions to neuroleptic agents--extrapyramidal side effects--is presented."1.27Extrapyramidal side effects: a historical perspective. ( Rifkin, A, 1987)
"Tetrabenazine alone, was restarted after 48 hours to control her Huntington's Chorea and there was no recurrence of parkinsonism."1.27Iatrogenic parkinsonism in Huntington's chorea. ( Moss, JH; Stewart, DE, 1986)

Research

Studies (55)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199044 (80.00)18.7374
1990's5 (9.09)18.2507
2000's4 (7.27)29.6817
2010's1 (1.82)24.3611
2020's1 (1.82)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Olofinnade, AT1
Onaolapo, TM1
Oladimeji, S1
Fatoki, AM1
Balogun, CI1
Onaolapo, AY1
Onaolapo, OJ1
Zare, M1
Bazrafshan, A1
Dean, CE1
Kuskowski, MA1
Caligiuri, MP1
Costentin, J1
Weiden, PJ1
Sheppard, C1
Merlis, S1
Rubin, RT1
Hays, SE1
Ringwald, E1
Lustig, A1
Moscovici, M1
Spiegel, R1
Vamos, E1
Bowers, MB3
Heninger, GR1
Rajput, AH1
Rozdilsky, B1
Hornykiewicz, O1
Shannak, K1
Lee, T1
Seeman, P1
Luchins, DJ1
Jackman, H1
Meltzer, HY1
Hershey, LA1
Gift, T1
Atkins, RW1
Rivera-Calimlim, L1
Chouinard, G1
Annable, L1
Atadzhanov, M1
Kalyanasundaram, S1
Shrikhande, SA1
Machado, TA1
Kapur, RL1
Tachikawa, H1
Suzuki, T1
Kawanishi, Y1
Hori, M1
Hori, T1
Shiraishi, H1
Vatsek, Ia1
Kolakowska, T1
Wiles, DH1
Gelder, MG1
McNeilly, AS1
Claveria, LE1
Teychenne, PF1
Calne, DB1
Haskayne, L1
Petrie, A1
Pallis, CA1
Lodge-Patch, IC1
Martin, IC1
Tan, U1
Gepdiremen, A1
Kutlu, N1
Cankaya, A1
Sandyk, R1
Kay, SR1
Luquin, MR1
Scipioni, O1
Vaamonde, J1
Gershanik, O1
Obeso, JA1
Keepers, GA1
Casey, DE1
Luo, S1
Rao, JM1
Cowie, VA1
Mathew, B1
Goswami, U1
Dutta, S1
Kuruvilla, K1
Papp, E1
Perenyi, A1
Rifkin, A1
Moss, JH1
Stewart, DE1
Kamianov, IM1
Kupisk, AG1
Katsen, IZ1
Forrest, FM1
Van Woert, MH2
Sethy, VH1
Ambani, LM2
Steg, G1
Carlsson, A1
Bruck, H1
Gerstenbrand, F1
Gnad, H1
Gründig, E1
Prosenz, P1
Klawans, HL1
Bordeleau, JM1
Tétreault, L1
Kelly, JT1
Zimmermann, RL1
Abuzzahab, FS1
Schiele, BC1
Schulterbrandt, JG1
Raskin, A1
Reatig, N1
Messiha, FS1
Turek, I1
De Maio, D1
Morrison, AB1
Webster, RA1
Crane, GE1
Maickel, RP1
Braunstein, MC1
McGlynn, M1
Snodgrass, WR1
Webb, RW1
Kingstone, E1
Kolivakis, T1
Kossatz, I1
O'Keeffe, R1
Sharman, DF1
Vogt, M1
Demars, JP1
Bruno, A1
Bruno, SC1
Zolotnitskii, RI1
Kutsenok, BM1
Gastev, MD1
Ridges, AP1
Harper, P1
Dogliani, P1
Senini, G1
Bertuzzi, F1
Oehme, P1
Schwarz, K1
Ekdawi, MY1
Fowke, R1

Reviews

7 reviews available for chlorpromazine and Parkinson Disease, Secondary

ArticleYear
Chlorpromazine versus metiapine for schizophrenia.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017, Mar-25, Volume: 3

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Dibenzothiazepines; Humans; Parkinson Disease, Secondar

2017
The prolactin secretory response to neuroleptic drugs: mechanisms, applications and limitations.
    Psychoneuroendocrinology, 1980, Volume: 5, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorpromazine; Dopamine; Drug

1980
[Modeling parkinsonism (review)].
    Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1982, Volume: 82, Issue:3

    Topics: Aluminum; Animals; Carbachol; Cats; Caudate Nucleus; Chlorides; Chlorpromazine; Disease Models, Anim

1982
[Extrapyramidal movement disorders arising during treatment of psychoses with drugs].
    Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1976, Volume: 76, Issue:3

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Chlorpromazine; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Movement Disorde

1976
Pathological aspects on Parkinson's syndrome.
    Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1972, Volume: 51

    Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Central Nervous System; Chlorpromazine; Corpus Stria

1972
Biochemical and pharmacological aspects of Parkinsonism.
    Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1972, Volume: 51

    Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Central Nervous System; Chemoreceptor Cells; Chlorpromazine; Co

1972
The pharmacology of parkinsonism (a review).
    Diseases of the nervous system, 1968, Volume: 29, Issue:12

    Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropa belladonna; Atropine; Central Nervous System; Chlorpromazine; Dextroa

1968

Trials

10 trials available for chlorpromazine and Parkinson Disease, Secondary

ArticleYear
Pimozide in the treatment of newly admitted schizophrenic patients.
    Psychopharmacology, 1982, Volume: 76, Issue:1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Chlorpromazine; Double-Blind Method; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans;

1982
Single daily dose chlorpromazine therapy in psychosis. An evaluation.
    Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1981, Volume: 64, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Consciousness Disorders; Double-Blind M

1981
Clinical significance of plasma chlorpromazine levels. II. Plasma levels of the drug, some of its metabolites and prolactin in patients receiving long-term phenothiazine treatment.
    Psychopharmacology, 1976, Aug-26, Volume: 49, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Park

1976
Tardive dyskinesia treated with pimozide.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 1975, Volume: 24, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Consciousnes

1975
Implications of phenothiazine side effects: a study of antiparkinsonian agents in an older population.
    Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1975, Volume: 51, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Delayed-Action Preparat

1975
A double-blind study of amantadine hydrochloride versus benztropine mesylate in drug-induced parkinsonism.
    Pharmacology, 1974, Volume: 12, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Amantadine; Antiparkinson Agents; Benztropine; Capsules; Chlorpromazine; Clini

1974
True and apparent side effects in a controlled trial of chlorpromazine and imipramine in depression.
    Psychopharmacologia, 1974, Volume: 38, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Agranulocytosis; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Dermatitis; Edema; Eva

1974
Double blind study of clopenthixol and chlorpromazine in acute hospitalized schizophrenics.
    Internationale Zeitschrift fur klinische Pharmakologie, Therapie, und Toxikologie. International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy, and toxicology, 1970, Volume: 3, Issue:1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Ch

1970
Neuromuscular effects of long-term phenothiazine medication, electroconvulsive therapy and leucotomy.
    The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 1966, Volume: 143, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Female; Haloperidol; H

1966
Effects of L-DOPA on pharmacological parkinsonism.
    Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1966, Volume: 42, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Female; Haloper

1966

Other Studies

38 other studies available for chlorpromazine and Parkinson Disease, Secondary

ArticleYear
An Evaluation of the Effects of Pyridoxal Phosphate in Chlorpromazineinduced Parkinsonism using Mice.
    Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry, 2020, Volume: 20, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Antiparkinson Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Ca

2020
Predictors of neuroleptic-induced dyskinesia and parkinsonism: the influence of measurement methods and definitions.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2006, Volume: 26, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Age Distribution; Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Craniocereb

2006
[Seeing a new classification of active medications in psychoses].
    L'Encephale, 2007, Volume: 33, Issue:5

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Chlorpromazine; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Huma

2007
Antipsychotic-induced movement disorders - forgotten but not gone.
    Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2008, Volume: 117, Issue:6

    Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Chlorpromazine; Clozapine; Dopamine; Dyskinesi

2008
Drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms: their incidence and treatment.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1967, Volume: 123, Issue:7

    Topics: Chlorpromazine; Chlorprothixene; Extrapyramidal Tracts; Female; Fluphenazine; Humans; Male; Parasymp

1967
[Effect of high single doses of bromocriptine in schizophrenic patients with elevated serum prolactin levels and extrapyramidal side effects associated with neuroleptic treatment (author's transl)].
    Pharmakopsychiatrie, Neuro-Psychopharmakologie, 1980, Volume: 13, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Bromocriptine; Chlorpromazine; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relations

1980
Cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid patterns during neuroleptic treatment.
    Psychiatry research, 1981, Volume: 4, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Female; Haloperidol; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Male; P

1981
Reversible drug-induced parkinsonism. Clinicopathologic study of two cases.
    Archives of neurology, 1982, Volume: 39, Issue:10

    Topics: Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Diseas

1982
Lateral ventricular size and drug-induced Parkinsonism.
    Psychiatry research, 1983, Volume: 9, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antiparkinson Agents; Cerebral Ventricles; Chlorpromazine; Female; Humans; Male;

1983
Effect of a drug holiday on plasma chlorpromazine levels in chronic schizophrenic patients.
    Psychopharmacology, 1981, Volume: 73, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Chlorpromazine; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Phe

1981
Tardive dystonia provoked by concomitantly administered risperidone.
    Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2000, Volume: 54, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induce

2000
Parkinsonian-like tremor induced by a combined application of chlorpromazine and pentobarbitone in cats with left-paw preference.
    The International journal of neuroscience, 1992, Volume: 63, Issue:3-4

    Topics: Animals; Atropine; Baclofen; Biperiden; Cats; Chlorpromazine; Feedback; Female; Functional Lateralit

1992
"Positive" and "negative" movement disorders in schizophrenia.
    The International journal of neuroscience, 1992, Volume: 66, Issue:3-4

    Topics: Adult; Chlorpromazine; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease, Secondary;

1992
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: clinical and pharmacological classification.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 1992, Volume: 7, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Apomorphine; Chlorpromazine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Dr

1992
Use of neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms to predict future vulnerability to side effects.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1991, Volume: 148, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Antipsychotic Agents; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Benztropine; Chlorpromazine; Disea

1991
[A control study of some hair trace elements content of schizophrenics before and after treatment].
    Zhonghua shen jing jing shen ke za zhi = Chinese journal of neurology and psychiatry, 1991, Volume: 24, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlorpromazine; Female; Hair; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease, Secon

1991
Neuroleptic-induced parkinsonian side effects in the mentally handicapped.
    Journal of mental deficiency research, 1989, Volume: 33 ( Pt 1)

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Intellectual

1989
Electroconvulsive therapy in neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism.
    Biological psychiatry, 1989, Volume: 26, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroco

1989
Cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid and hypokinetic side effects of neuroleptics.
    Psychopharmacology, 1985, Volume: 85, Issue:2

    Topics: Acetylcholine; Adolescent; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Catatonia; Chlorpromazine; Dopamine; Female;

1985
Extrapyramidal side effects: a historical perspective.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1987, Volume: 48 Suppl

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Attitude to Health; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Chlorpromazine; Depressive

1987
Iatrogenic parkinsonism in Huntington's chorea.
    Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 1986, Volume: 31, Issue:9

    Topics: Chlorpromazine; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Huntington Disease; Middle Aged; Parkinson Diseas

1986
[Experience with the use of midantan for treatment and prevention of the neuroleptic syndrome].
    Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1973, Volume: 73, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Amantadine; Antiparkinson Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Catatonia; Chlorpromazine; Facial Mus

1973
Evolutionary origin of extrapyramidal disorders in drug-treated mental patients, its significance, and the role of neuromelanin.
    Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, 1974, Volume: 9, Issue:0

    Topics: Amphibians; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Biological Evolution; Chlorpromaz

1974
Effect of phenothiazines on central cholinergic activity.
    Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, 1974, Volume: 9, Issue:0

    Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chlorp

1974
[Comparative biochemical studies in organic parkinsonian syndromes and drug induced parkinsonian syndromes].
    Psychiatria et neurologia, 1966, Volume: 151, Issue:2

    Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Chlorpromazi

1966
[Study of extrapyramidal manifestations induced by neuroleptics].
    Revue canadienne de biologie, 1972, Volume: 31

    Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Chlorpromazine; Drug Synergism; Extrapyramidal Tracts; Fluphenazine; Haloperid

1972
Decreased dopamine and homovanillic acid excretion in a case with chlorpromazine-induced Parkinsonism.
    Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology, 1973, Volume: 6, Issue:1

    Topics: Chlorpromazine; Dopamine; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson Disease, Sec

1973
Letter: Withdrawal syndrome after neuroleptics.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1973, Volume: 123, Issue:574

    Topics: Adult; Chlorpromazine; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Substance Withdrawal

1973
Drug-induced experimental Parkinsonism.
    Neuropharmacology, 1973, Volume: 12, Issue:8

    Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benztropine; Butyrophenones; Cats; Chlorpromazine; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr

1973
Physostigmine effects on phenothiazine-induced extrapyramidal reactions.
    Archives of neurology, 1973, Volume: 29, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Antiparkinson Agents; Chlorpromazine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Extrapyramidal Tracts; Female; H

1973
Factors predisposing to drug-induced neurologic effects.
    Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, 1974, Volume: 9, Issue:0

    Topics: Age Factors; Antiparkinson Agents; Central Nervous System Diseases; Chlorpromazine; Chronic Disease;

1974
Behavioral, biochemical, and pharmacological effects of chronic dosage of phenothiazine tranquilizers in rats.
    Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, 1974, Volume: 9, Issue:0

    Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Chlorpromazine; Dose-Re

1974
Effect of drugs used in psychoses on cerebral dopamine metabolism.
    British journal of pharmacology, 1970, Volume: 38, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Atropine; Brain; Butyrophenones; Cats; Chlorpromazine; Dogs; Dopamine; Female; Haloperidol;

1970
[On the results of treatment and complications during the use of haloperidol in patients with long-term schizophrenia].
    Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1969, Volume: 69, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Catatonia; Chlorpromazine; Cognition Disorders; Hall

1969
Pink spot--is it a drug artefact?
    Psychiatria clinica, 1970, Volume: 3, Issue:2

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Amobarbital; Chlorpromazine; Chromatography; Haloperidol; Humans; Mental Disorders; P

1970
Clinical observations on the therapeutic activity of flupentixol in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.
    Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1970, Volume: 20, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood; Body Weight; Chlorpromazine; Chronic Disease; Delusions; Depression, Chemical; F

1970
[Etiology and therapy of Parkinson's syndrome and related pharmacological concepts shown in experimental models].
    Das Deutsche Gesundheitswesen, 1966, Apr-28, Volume: 21, Issue:17

    Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chlorpromazine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Humans; Hypothermia; Mic

1966
A controlled trial of anti-Parkinson drugs in drug-induced Parkinsonism.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1966, Volume: 112, Issue:487

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlorpromazine; Haloperidol; Humans; Middle Aged; Orphenadrine; Parasympatholytic

1966