chlorophyll-a and Laryngeal-Neoplasms

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antigens, Surface; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Antiviral Agents; Aporphines; Atherosclerosis; Benzoyl Peroxide; beta Catenin; Biofilms; Biomarkers; Brain; Cannabis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Child; China; Chlorides; Chlorophyll; Cholesterol, LDL; Coinfection; Corylus; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cystic Fibrosis; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; Developmental Disabilities; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Electroencephalography; Environmental Exposure; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epilepsy, Generalized; Ethnicity; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Fluorescent Dyes; Follow-Up Studies; Forecasting; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glycine; Half-Life; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Health Communication; Heart Ventricles; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Heterosexuality; HIV Infections; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Immunoassay; Inhalation Exposure; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Ligands; Light; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Liver Cirrhosis; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Maternal Age; Mechanical Phenomena; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mice, SCID; Microglia; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Microsomes, Liver; Middle Aged; Minority Groups; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; Models, Biological; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Monte Carlo Method; Muscle Hypotonia; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation, Missense; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Neoplasms; Nickel; Nitric Oxide; Optical Imaging; Oxides; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; PCSK9 Inhibitors; Peptide Fragments; Phenotype; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phytochemicals; Piper; Placenta Growth Factor; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plant Stems; Platinum; Point-of-Care Testing; Population Surveillance; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Twin; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pyridines; Pyridones; Racial Groups; Rats; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; RNA, Long Noncoding; Semiconductors; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual Behavior; Social Media; Sodium; Solubility; Stereoisomerism; Stochastic Processes; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substance-Related Disorders; Sustained Virologic Response; Sweat; Temperature; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Transplantation, Heterologous; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tungsten; Tyramine; United States; Up-Regulation; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Ventricular Function, Left; Veterans; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Young Adult

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been developed as a promising treatment modality for laryngeal cancer. 9-Hydroxypheophorbide α (9-HPbD), a novel chlorophyll-derived photosensitizer, has a longer absorption wavelength, which increases the penetration of light to malignant tissues. Carboplatin (CBDCA), a second-generation platinum derivative, also has gained more popularity for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. Our previous studies have elucidated that 9-HPbD-PDT could inhibit the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells. The objective of this study is to investigate the change of migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells induced by a combined modality of CBDCA and 9-HPbD-PDT in vitro. A wound healing assay, cell migration assay and Matrigel invasion assay were used to evaluate the cellular migration and invasion. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Western blots for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin), MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and MEK/ERK signalling pathway were performed to investigate the possible mechanisms that may be involved. We observed that CBDCA and 9-HPbD-PDT administration synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells. Moreover, the combined modality cooperatively repressed the EMT process and down-regulated expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 via ROS-mediated inhibition of phosphorylation in the MEK/ERK signalling pathway. Our results suggested that the combination of CBDCA and 9-HPbD-PDT might be a promising therapeutic strategy for laryngeal cancer metastasis.

Topics: Carboplatin; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Chlorophyll; Combined Modality Therapy; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Phosphorylation; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Reactive Oxygen Species

To investigate the effect and potential mechanisms about apoptosis induction and migration suppression of photodynamic therapy with a new photosensitizer, 9-hydroxypheophorbide-α (9-HPbD), and diode laser on HN-3 human laryngeal squamous cancer cells.. The attached HN-3 cancer cells were photosesitized with 0.29 μg/ml and 0.59 μg/ml 9-HPbD for 6 h and irradiated by 664 nm diode laser for 15 min at an energy density of 2.0 J/cm for activating 9-HPbD. Wound healing assay and photographing was respectively performed immediately after laser irradiation. Photographing focusing on the same location was repeated 12 h, 24 h and 36 h after PDT and cells migration distance counted respectively. H2DCFDA staining was used to assess accumulation of reactive oxygen series (ROS) 1 h after PDT. MTT assay, Hoechst33342/PI double staining, western blotting were respectively performed to assess cellular viability, apoptosis and the expression of Enos, p-c-Jun, EGFR.. Phototoxicity and apoptosis on HN-3 cells induced by 9-HPbD-PDT was exhibited in a dose-related manner. Neither 9-HPbD alone nor laser alone was cytotoxic to HN-3 cells. Generation of ROS was initiated immediately after PDT. The apoptotic cells, marked with condensed/fragmented blue or pink nuclei, and up-regulated expression of eNOS, p-c-Jun were subsequently induced 24 h after PDT. Coupled with a down-regulated expression of EGFR, a photosensitizer dose-ralated cell migration suppression was initiated by PDT. After pretreatment of GSH or ascorbic acid, a kind of antioxidant, the efficacy of PDT-induced apoptosis and migration suppression was partially inhibited.. Activation of p-c-Jun, eNOS and down-regulated expression of EGFR may respectively involve in the apoptosis induction and cell migration suppression after 9-HPbD-PDT. Generation of ROS may play an important role in the course of apoptosis induction and migration suppression of HN-3 cells initiated by 9-HPbD-PDT.

Topics: Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Survival; Chlorophyll; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lasers; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment modality for a variety of cancers. It utilizes light-absorbing compounds combined with direct illumination to generate reactive oxygen species in photosensitizer-targeted tumor cells resulting in the final photodamage of tumors. Recently, we demonstrated that a combination modality of 9-hydroxypheophorbide alpha (9-HPbD)-based PDT and carboplatin exerts enhanced cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on AMC-HN-3 laryngeal cancer cells. The present study aimed to investigate the potential apoptotic pathways initiated by 9-HPbD-PDT-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in AMC-HN-3 cells. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by 9-HPbD-PDT were exhibited in a ROS-dependent manner. Mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) were observed as preferential sites of 9-HPbD accumulation in AMC-HN-3 cells. ROS induced by 9-HPbD-PDT directly led to downregulated expression of Bcl-2, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, elevation of intracellular calcium due to ER stress, as well as induction of CHOP and activation of caspase-3, -8, -9 and -12. Our results demonstrated that ROS induced by 9-HPbD-PDT play a causative role in triggering mitochondrial events, ER stress and probable involvement of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in AMC-HN-3 cells.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Calcium; Carboplatin; Cell Line, Tumor; Chlorophyll; Cytochromes c; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Photosensitizing Agents; Reactive Oxygen Species; Time Factors

To investigate the patterns of cervical lymph node metastases from the carcinomas of larynx and hypopharynx.. Chlorophyll solution was injected submucosally into some portions of the larynx and hypopharynx preoperately as a stain of lymphatic system to help conduct modified neck dissections in 50 patiants with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Searial sections were performed.. The cervical lymph nodes were stained into deep green with a color contrast to the ambient structures, which facilitated the operation of neck dissections and the distinction of lymph nodes. Pathologically positive lymph nodes found in 48% of all the cases. The metastases to level I and V were always associated with other levels. By statistical analysis, there was a higher metastaic rate in level II, III, and V (P < 0.01). Overal 1 occult metastases were recorded in 23.5% of No (clinically negative neck)cases. The involvement were located only at level II or III.. For cN+ (clinically positive neck) patiants, upper and middle jugular vein nodes should be dissected necessarilly,and then appropriate selective neck dissections might be considerd according to the intraoperative findings. For the cN(o) cases with supraglottic or hypopharyngeal carcinomas, it is suggested ipsilateral or bilateral upper and middle jugular vein nodes be dissected according to the clinical status. Chlorophyll as a kind of safe and distinctive stain of lymphatic system can be injected preoperatively routinely.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chlorophyll; Female; Humans; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Neck Dissection