chlorine has been researched along with Encephalopathy, Toxic in 34 studies
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Aluminum chloride treatment significantly caused cognitive dysfunction and mitochondria oxidative damage as compared to vehicle treated control group." | 2.78 | Naringin protects memory impairment and mitochondrial oxidative damage against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in rats. ( Kumar, A; Prakash, A; Shur, B, 2013) |
| "Carveol has been researched as an antioxidant and Nrf2-activator in several studies." | 1.72 | Carveol ameliorates mercury-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in a mouse brain. ( Alattar, A; Alshaman, R; Alvi, AM; Gul, M; Hussain, N; Ikram, M; Khalil, AAK; Li, J; Li, S; Rashid, S; Shah, FA, 2022) |
| "L-Theanine is an amino acid derivative primarily found in tea." | 1.42 | Protective effect of L-Theanine against aluminium induced neurotoxicity in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of rat brain - histopathological, and biochemical approach. ( Shobana, C; Sumathi, T; Thangarajeswari, M; Usha, R, 2015) |
| " Chronic use of buffered aspirins, as aspegic, would likely constitute the major human aluminium uptake source." | 1.42 | Effect of lysine acetylsalicylate on aluminium accumulation and (Na(+)/K(+))ATPase activity in rat brain cortex synaptosomes after aluminium ingestion. ( Gonçalves, PP; Silva, VS, 2015) |
| "Melatonin pretreatment of the AlCl3 -administered rats reduced brain damage, and the tissues appeared like those of the control rats." | 1.42 | The protective properties of melatonin against aluminium-induced neuronal injury. ( Abdel Moneim, AE; Al-Olayan, EM; El-Khadragy, MF, 2015) |
| "Mangiferin is a phytochemical primarily present in the stem, leaves and bark of Mangifera indica." | 1.42 | Mangiferin ameliorates aluminium chloride-induced cognitive dysfunction via alleviation of hippocampal oxido-nitrosative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and acetylcholinesterase level. ( Jangra, A; Kasbe, P; Lahkar, M, 2015) |
| "Celecoxib treatment improved social affiliation in the AlCl3‑induced neurotoxicity group, the results of which were superior to piroxicam." | 1.42 | Cyclooxygenase I and II inhibitors distinctly enhance hippocampal- and cortex-dependent cognitive functions in mice. ( Ahmed, T; Ikram, MF; Syed, H; Yaqinuddin, A, 2015) |
| " Moreover, exposure to high Mn levels is known to cause adverse neurological effects in humans, which are yet mechanistically not well understood." | 1.39 | Molecular mechanisms of Mn induced neurotoxicity: RONS generation, genotoxicity, and DNA-damage response. ( Beneke, S; Böker, C; Bornhorst, J; Bürkle, A; Mangerich, A; Marschall, T; Meyer, S; Schwerdtle, T; Weber, T, 2013) |
| "Manganese (Mn) is an essential element and it acts as a cofactor for a number of enzymatic reactions, including those involved in amino acid, lipid, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism." | 1.38 | Manganese alters rat brain amino acids levels. ( Almeida, I; Aschner, M; Batoreu, MC; Marreilha dos Santos, AP; Ramos, R; Santos, D; Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, M, 2012) |
| " Our stereological and histopathological findings show that low-dose BA, as a proteasome inhibitor, can decrease the adverse effects of AlCl(3) on the cerebral cortex." | 1.37 | The neuroprotective role of boric acid on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity. ( Colak, S; Geyikoglu, F; Keles, ON; Topal, A; Türkez, H; Unal, B, 2011) |
| "Aluminium, is a trace element available in the Earth's crust naturally and has a toxic potential for humans." | 1.37 | Neuroprotective effect of carvedilol against aluminium induced toxicity: possible behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats. ( Dogra, S; Kumar, A; Prakash, A, 2011) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 4 (11.76) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 28 (82.35) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2 (5.88) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Han, M | 1 |
| Böhlke, M | 1 |
| Maher, T | 1 |
| Kim, J | 1 |
| Alattar, A | 1 |
| Alvi, AM | 1 |
| Rashid, S | 1 |
| Hussain, N | 1 |
| Gul, M | 1 |
| Ikram, M | 1 |
| Khalil, AAK | 1 |
| Alshaman, R | 1 |
| Shah, FA | 1 |
| Li, S | 1 |
| Li, J | 1 |
| Yoshida, K | 1 |
| Gi, M | 1 |
| Fujioka, M | 1 |
| Teramoto, I | 1 |
| Wanibuchi, H | 1 |
| Said, MM | 1 |
| Rabo, MM | 1 |
| Yan, D | 1 |
| Jin, C | 1 |
| Cao, Y | 2 |
| Wang, L | 1 |
| Lu, X | 1 |
| Yang, J | 1 |
| Wu, S | 2 |
| Cai, Y | 1 |
| El-Hady, WM | 1 |
| Galal, AAA | 1 |
| Nkpaa, KW | 1 |
| Amadi, BA | 1 |
| Wegwu, MO | 1 |
| Farombi, EO | 1 |
| Sudhakaran, S | 1 |
| Athira, SS | 1 |
| Mohanan, PV | 1 |
| Jelenković, A | 1 |
| Jovanović, MD | 1 |
| Stevanović, I | 1 |
| Petronijević, N | 1 |
| Bokonjić, D | 1 |
| Zivković, J | 1 |
| Igić, R | 1 |
| Bornhorst, J | 1 |
| Meyer, S | 1 |
| Weber, T | 1 |
| Böker, C | 1 |
| Marschall, T | 1 |
| Mangerich, A | 1 |
| Beneke, S | 1 |
| Bürkle, A | 1 |
| Schwerdtle, T | 1 |
| Prakash, A | 2 |
| Shur, B | 1 |
| Kumar, A | 2 |
| Sumathi, T | 1 |
| Shobana, C | 1 |
| Thangarajeswari, M | 1 |
| Usha, R | 1 |
| Yang, W | 1 |
| Shi, L | 1 |
| Chen, L | 1 |
| Zhang, B | 1 |
| Ma, K | 1 |
| Liu, Y | 1 |
| Qian, Y | 1 |
| Silva, VS | 1 |
| Gonçalves, PP | 1 |
| Al-Olayan, EM | 1 |
| El-Khadragy, MF | 1 |
| Abdel Moneim, AE | 2 |
| Singh, T | 1 |
| Goel, RK | 1 |
| Kasbe, P | 1 |
| Jangra, A | 1 |
| Lahkar, M | 1 |
| Syed, H | 1 |
| Ikram, MF | 1 |
| Yaqinuddin, A | 1 |
| Ahmed, T | 1 |
| Abdel-Zaher, AO | 1 |
| Hamdy, MM | 1 |
| Abdel-Rahman, MS | 1 |
| Abd El-Hamid, DH | 1 |
| Chtourou, Y | 1 |
| Fetoui, H | 1 |
| Sefi, M | 1 |
| Trabelsi, K | 1 |
| Barkallah, M | 1 |
| Boudawara, T | 1 |
| Kallel, H | 1 |
| Zeghal, N | 1 |
| Cai, T | 1 |
| Che, H | 1 |
| Yao, T | 1 |
| Chen, Y | 1 |
| Huang, C | 1 |
| Zhang, W | 1 |
| Du, K | 1 |
| Zhang, J | 1 |
| Chen, J | 1 |
| Luo, W | 1 |
| Li, H | 1 |
| Shi, N | 1 |
| Lin, W | 1 |
| You, J | 1 |
| Zhou, W | 1 |
| Shati, AA | 1 |
| Elsaid, FG | 1 |
| Hafez, EE | 1 |
| Colak, S | 1 |
| Geyikoglu, F | 1 |
| Keles, ON | 1 |
| Türkez, H | 1 |
| Topal, A | 1 |
| Unal, B | 1 |
| Thirunavukkarasu, SV | 1 |
| Venkataraman, S | 1 |
| Raja, S | 1 |
| Upadhyay, L | 1 |
| Dogra, S | 1 |
| Lebda, MA | 1 |
| El-Neweshy, MS | 1 |
| El-Sayed, YS | 1 |
| Santos, D | 1 |
| Batoreu, MC | 1 |
| Almeida, I | 1 |
| Ramos, R | 1 |
| Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, M | 1 |
| Aschner, M | 1 |
| Marreilha dos Santos, AP | 1 |
| Jovanova-Nesic, K | 1 |
| Shoenfeld, Y | 1 |
| Spector, NH | 1 |
| Robe, PA | 1 |
| Sadzot, B | 1 |
| Frank, G | 1 |
| Jyoti, A | 1 |
| Sethi, P | 1 |
| Sharma, D | 1 |
| Girard, P | 1 |
| Verniers, D | 1 |
| Pansart, Y | 1 |
| Gillardin, JM | 1 |
| Bostanci, MO | 1 |
| Bağirici, F | 1 |
1 review available for chlorine and Encephalopathy, Toxic
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Aluminum excytotoxicity and neuroautotoimmunity: the role of the brain expression of CD32+ (FcγRIIa), ICAM-1+ and CD3ξ in aging.
Topics: Aging; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Autoimmunity; Brain; CD3 Complex; Cell Moveme | 2012 |
1 trial available for chlorine and Encephalopathy, Toxic
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Naringin protects memory impairment and mitochondrial oxidative damage against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; C | 2013 |
32 other studies available for chlorine and Encephalopathy, Toxic
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Alcohol exposure increases manganese accumulation in the brain and exacerbates manganese-induced neurotoxicity in mice.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Binge Drinking; Brain; Chlorides; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, D | 2021 |
Carveol ameliorates mercury-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in a mouse brain.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Chlorides; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cyclooxygenase 2; Hazardous Subst | 2022 |
Long-term administration of excess zinc impairs learning and memory in aged mice.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Chlorides; Female; Hippocampus; Maze Learning; Memory; Mice; Mic | 2019 |
Neuroprotective effects of eugenol against aluminiuminduced toxicity in the rat brain.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Chlorides; Disease Models, Animal; Eug | 2017 |
Effects of Aluminium on Long-Term Memory in Rats and on SIRT1 Mediating the Transcription of CREB-Dependent Gene in Hippocampus.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; | 2017 |
Neurotoxic Outcomes of Subchronic Manganese Chloride Exposure via Contaminated Water in Adult Male Rats and the Potential Benefits of Ebselen.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antioxidants; Azoles; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; In | 2018 |
Ethanol increases manganese-Induced spatial learning and memory deficits via oxidative/nitrosative stress induced p53 dependent/independent hippocampal apoptosis.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Behavior, Animal; Chlorides; Disease Models, Anim | 2019 |
Zinc oxide nanoparticle induced neurotoxic potential upon interaction with primary astrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Caspase 3; Caspase 7; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultur | 2019 |
Influence of the green tea leaf extract on neurotoxicity of aluminium chloride in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Avoidance L | 2014 |
Molecular mechanisms of Mn induced neurotoxicity: RONS generation, genotoxicity, and DNA-damage response.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Availability; Brain; Cell Line, Tumor; Chlorides; DNA Damage; Food C | 2013 |
Protective effect of L-Theanine against aluminium induced neurotoxicity in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of rat brain - histopathological, and biochemical approach.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides | 2015 |
Protective effects of perindopril on d-galactose and aluminum trichloride induced neurotoxicity via the apoptosis of mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway in the hippocampus of mice.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Apoptosis; | 2014 |
Effect of lysine acetylsalicylate on aluminium accumulation and (Na(+)/K(+))ATPase activity in rat brain cortex synaptosomes after aluminium ingestion.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Aspirin; Cerebral Cortex; Chlo | 2015 |
The protective properties of melatonin against aluminium-induced neuronal injury.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Protei | 2015 |
Neuroprotective effect of Allium cepa L. in aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Cat | 2015 |
Mangiferin ameliorates aluminium chloride-induced cognitive dysfunction via alleviation of hippocampal oxido-nitrosative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and acetylcholinesterase level.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biomarkers; | 2015 |
Cyclooxygenase I and II inhibitors distinctly enhance hippocampal- and cortex-dependent cognitive functions in mice.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Celecoxib; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; Cognition; Cy | 2015 |
Protective effect of citicoline against aluminum-induced cognitive impairments in rats.
Topics: Aluminum; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Chlo | 2017 |
Silymarin, a natural antioxidant, protects cerebral cortex against manganese-induced neurotoxicity in adult rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antioxidants; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; Glutathion | 2010 |
Manganese induces tau hyperphosphorylation through the activation of ERK MAPK pathway in PC12 cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Survival; Chlorides; Enzyme Activation; Extracellular Signal- | 2011 |
NF-E2-related factor 2 activation in PC12 cells: its protective role in manganese-induced damage.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Chlorides; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Heme Oxygenase-1; Hydroquino | 2011 |
Biochemical and molecular aspects of aluminium chloride-induced neurotoxicity in mice and the protective role of Crocus sativus L. extraction and honey syrup.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Chlorides; Crocus; Disease Models, Ani | 2011 |
The neuroprotective role of boric acid on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Boric Acids; Brain Diseases; C | 2011 |
Neuroprotective effect of Manasamitra vatakam against aluminium induced cognitive impairment and oxidative damage in the cortex and hippocampus of rat brain.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Avoidance Learning; Cerebral Cortex; C | 2012 |
Neuroprotective effect of carvedilol against aluminium induced toxicity: possible behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Brain; Carbazoles; Carv | 2011 |
Neurohepatic toxicity of subacute manganese chloride exposure and potential chemoprotective effects of lycopene.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Antioxidants; Body Weight; Brain; Carotenoids; | 2012 |
Evaluating the potential role of pomegranate peel in aluminum-induced oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in brain of female rats.
Topics: Aluminum; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulat | 2012 |
Manganese alters rat brain amino acids levels.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extrapyra | 2012 |
Sodium bromide encephalopathy with decreased serum Cl- level and increased anion gap: report of one case.
Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Adult; Anions; Bromides; Chlorides; Electroencephalography; Humans; Magnetic Re | 2004 |
Bacopa monniera prevents from aluminium neurotoxicity in the cerebral cortex of rat brain.
Topics: Aldehydes; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Antioxidants; Bacopa; Cerebral Cortex; Ch | 2007 |
Efficacy of moclobemide in a rat model of neurotoxicant-induced edema.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Body Mass Index; Brain Edema; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; Do | 2007 |
Neuroprotective effect of aminoguanidine on iron-induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ferric Compounds; Guanidines; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Neu | 2008 |