chlorine and Chronic Kidney Failure studies

chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To explore the efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation for anemia and oxidative stress in hemodialysis (HD) patients."	9.14	N-acetylcysteine for the management of anemia and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. ( Chiang, CK; Chien, CT; Hsu, SP; Yang, SY, 2010)
"We compared the efficacy of long-acting furosemide (60 mg/day) and hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/day) in a double-blind, randomized crossover trial in seven patients with severe renal failure and hypertension (seven men, 54+/-10 years old)."	9.11	A randomized trial of furosemide vs hydrochlorothiazide in patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension. ( Berland, Y; Dussol, B; Morange, S; Moussi-Frances, J; Mundler, O; Somma-Delpero, C, 2005)
"A rat model for chronic renal failure, induced by chronic hyperoxaluria (CH-CRF), was produced by unilateral nephrectomy combined with dietary ethylene glycol for 4 weeks."	5.32	Angiotensin II involvement in adaptive enteric oxalate excretion in rats with chronic renal failure induced by hyperoxaluria. ( Freel, RW; Hatch, M, 2003)
"To explore the efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation for anemia and oxidative stress in hemodialysis (HD) patients."	5.14	N-acetylcysteine for the management of anemia and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. ( Chiang, CK; Chien, CT; Hsu, SP; Yang, SY, 2010)
"We compared the efficacy of long-acting furosemide (60 mg/day) and hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/day) in a double-blind, randomized crossover trial in seven patients with severe renal failure and hypertension (seven men, 54+/-10 years old)."	5.11	A randomized trial of furosemide vs hydrochlorothiazide in patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension. ( Berland, Y; Dussol, B; Morange, S; Moussi-Frances, J; Mundler, O; Somma-Delpero, C, 2005)
" Eight patients receiving short-term digoxin therapy, 10 patients with chronic renal failure and 22 patients with untreated essential hypertension were studied, and the findings were compared with those in healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, race, obesity index, and plasma and red cell potassium concentrations."	3.67	An in vivo study of cation transport in essential hypertension. ( Aronson, JK; Boon, NA; Grahame-Smith, DD; Hallis, KF; Raine, AE, 1984)
"A 25-year-old woman with oxalosis and end-stage renal disease had pancytopenia and massive hepatosplenomegaly associated with extensive bone marrow deposition of calcium oxalate."	3.67	Pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly in oxalosis. ( Hricik, DE; Hussain, R, 1984)
"Muzolimine was administered by mouth to 24 patients with creatinine clearances ranging from 4 to 28 ml/min to treat oedema or hypertension, or both."	3.66	Muzolimine: a new high-ceiling diuretic suitable for patients with advanced renal disease. ( Andreucci, VE; Conte, G; Dal Canton, A; Gallo, R; Russo, D, 1981)
"Phenolphthalein regimens were associated with a slight rise in serum potassium concentrations (similar to placebo); this may have been due to extracellular volume contraction produced by high volume and sodium-rich diarrhea and acidosis secondary to bicarbonate losses."	2.69	Effect of single dose resin-cathartic therapy on serum potassium concentration in patients with end-stage renal disease. ( Emmett, M; Fine, KD; Fordtran, JS; Gruy-Kapral, C; Porter, JL; Santa Ana, CA, 1998)
" The dose-response curves for HCTZ and FU were both relatively flat: doubling the dose of each produced statistically insignificant increases in sodium excretion."	2.68	Diuretic effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide alone and in combination in chronic renal failure. ( Knauf, H; Mutschler, E, 1995)
"Bumetanide is a new diuretic, which acts in the ascending limb of Henle's loop."	2.64	[Bumetanide, a new diuretic active during chronic renal failure (author's transl)]. ( Beroniade, V; Coy, JL; Delavelle, F; Fries, D, 1976)
"In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) (CCr less than 20 ml/min), we have previously demonstrated greater rates of Na excretion (ex) when Na intake was nearly all NaHCO3 as compared to NaCl (both 200 mEq Na daily)."	2.64	NaHCO3 and NaCl tolerance in chronic renal failure II. ( Husted, FC; Nolph, KD, 1977)
" The majority of phosphate binders exist only in tablet form and are dosed three times per day with meals."	2.43	Novel dosage forms and regimens for sevelamer-based phosphate binders. ( Burke, SK; Dagher, R; Duggal, A; Goldberg, J; Hanus, M; Plone, MA; Zhorov, E, 2006)
"Hyperphosphataemia is prevalent among chronic renal failure and dialysis patients."	2.42	Hyperphosphataemia in renal failure: causes, consequences and current management. ( Albaaj, F; Hutchison, A, 2003)
"The focal beginning of ADPKD in a relatively few renal tubules suggests that the cells in the walls of cysts may reflect clonal growth and that this aberrant proliferation may be secondary to a somatic "second hit" process."	2.40	Polycystic kidney disease: huge kidneys, huge problems, huge progress. ( Grantham, JJ, 1997)
"Uncomplicated metabolic acidosis is manifested by an increase in blood acidity, hypobicarbonatemia, and hypocapnea."	2.38	[Water-electrolyte and acid-base imbalance. VI. Metabolic acidosis]. ( Velásquez-Jones, L, 1990)
"The various types of renal tubular acidosis have manifold facets but the basic understanding of their pathophysiology begins with the concept of the "anion gap," a point of reference that can be used in the differential diagnosis and treatment."	2.36	Acid-base disorders and the kidney. ( Chan, JC, 1983)
"The death-adjusted risk of ESRD was additionally evaluated."	1.62	Hyperchloremia is associated with poor renal outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting. ( Choi, JS; Han, SS; Joo, KW; Kim, DK; Kim, YS; Na, KY; Oh, KH; Yun, D, 2021)
"The metabolic acidosis was due to retention of unmeasured anions (6."	1.35	Characterization of acid-base status in maintenance hemodialysis: physicochemical approach. ( Daher, EF; de Castro, MC; Libório, AB, 2008)
"ferric chloride (960 mg) was more effective than oral ferrous sulphate (63,000 mg) in correcting anaemia in HD patients with iron deficiency."	1.35	Effectiveness of oral and intravenous iron therapy in haemodialysis patients. ( Chen, YC; Fang, JT; Hsu, PY; Huang, JY; Jenq, CC; Tian, YC; Wu, HH; Yang, CW, 2008)
"A rat model for chronic renal failure, induced by chronic hyperoxaluria (CH-CRF), was produced by unilateral nephrectomy combined with dietary ethylene glycol for 4 weeks."	1.32	Angiotensin II involvement in adaptive enteric oxalate excretion in rats with chronic renal failure induced by hyperoxaluria. ( Freel, RW; Hatch, M, 2003)
"Ten adult patients with ADPKD (4 men and 6 women) with initial serum creatinine levels	1.31	Volumetric determination of progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by computed tomography. ( Cook, LT; Cowley, BD; Gordon, M; Grantham, JJ; Kusaka, M; Sise, C; Wetzel, LH; Winklhofer, F, 2000)
"In patients with chronic renal failure a significantly negative correlation between sodium-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchanger and the serum creatinine concentration (r = -0."	1.30	Sodium-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchange in patients with chronic renal failure: correlation with renal function. ( Nesbit, O; Tepel, M; Tokmak, F; Zidek, W, 1998)
"Losartan treatment of CRF rats before the removal of colonic tissues reversed the basal net secretion of urate to net absorption."	1.29	Effects of the specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on urate homeostasis and intestinal urate transport. ( Freel, RW; Hatch, M; Shahinfar, S; Vaziri, ND, 1996)
"Two patients with lactic acidosis are described, along with our experience using CAVHD and citrate in other clinical settings."	1.28	Lactic acidosis treated with continuous hemodiafiltration and regional citrate anticoagulation. ( Galishoff, M; Kirschbaum, B; Reines, HD, 1992)
"Twenty-four dogs with induced, severe chronic renal failure were allotted to 2 groups of 12 each."	1.28	Effects of phosphorus/calcium-restricted and phosphorus/calcium-replete 32% protein diets in dogs with chronic renal failure. ( Barsanti, JA; Brown, SA; Crowell, WA; Duncan, JR; Finco, DR; Groves, CA, 1992)
"Ten patients with chronic renal failure, compared with a well-matched control group, were found to have changes similar to, but more marked than, those caused by digoxin, i."	1.27	A method for the study of cation transport in vivo: effects of digoxin administration and of chronic renal failure on the disposition of an oral load of rubidium chloride. ( Aronson, JK; Boon, NA; Grahame-Smith, DG; Hallis, KF; Raine, AE; White, NJ, 1984)
"The acidosis of chronic renal failure is not due to bicarbonate wastage per se; rather, bicarbonate reabsorption per nephron is markedly enhanced."	1.27	The acidosis of chronic renal failure. ( Sabatini, S, 1983)
"Twenty subjects (10 with normal renal function and 10 with moderate renal insufficiency) participated in an 8-day study to assess the effects of acute and chronic etodolac dosing on renal function."	1.27	Effect of etodolac in patients with moderate renal impairment compared with normal subjects. ( Anderson, SA; Brater, DC; Brown-Cartwright, D; Chen, A; Jacob, GB; Toto, RD, 1985)
"Furthermore, a significant minority of ESRD patients may require the initiation of dialysis at a time when their serum electrolytes are still normal."	1.27	Serum electrolyte patterns in end-stage renal disease. ( Greenberg, A; Mitro, R; Piraino, B; Puschett, JB; Wallia, R, 1986)
"Muzolimine (240 mg) was administered orally to 24 patients with chronic renal failure."	1.27	Diuretic effect and pharmacokinetic data observed at different stages of chronic renal failure with 240 mg of muzolimine. ( Baumelou, A; Brouard, R; Chickh-Touami, C; Martre, H; Merdjan, H; Patte, R; Ritter, W; Singlas, E, 1985)

Research

Studies (145)

Authors

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure

Change in Extracellular Water

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	97 (66.90)	18.7374
1990's	23 (15.86)	18.2507
2000's	15 (10.34)	29.6817
2010's	4 (2.76)	24.3611
2020's	6 (4.14)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Choi, JS	1
Yun, D	1
Kim, DK	1
Oh, KH	1
Joo, KW	1
Kim, YS	1
Na, KY	1
Han, SS	1
Li, H	1
Wang, Y	1
Xu, Y	1
Wu, K	1
Lu, X	1
Qiu, Y	1
Yang, X	1
Liu, Q	1
Mao, H	1
Masuyama, S	1
Nagatoya, K	1
Kawaoka, T	1
Kawanishi, S	1
Nomi, H	1
Warada, A	1
Tokuyama, A	1
Haga, R	1
Mori, D	1
Yamauchi, A	1
Arai, Y	1
Tanaka, H	1
Shioji, S	1
Sakamoto, E	1
Kondo, I	1
Suzuki, M	1
Katagiri, D	1
Tada, M	1
Hinoshita, F	1
Yu, IC	1
Liu, CY	1
Fang, JT	2
Komatsuzaki, Y	1
Ikeda, M	1
Shimizu, A	1
Matsuo, N	1
Maruyama, Y	1
Yokoo, T	1
Yamamoto, H	1
Joki, N	1
Ando, R	1
Inaguma, D	1
Yamaka, T	1
Nakayama, M	1
Koiwa, F	1
Kawamoto, S	1
Negi, S	1
Shigematsu, T	1
Fauziah, K	1
Go, KW	1
Ghazali, A	1
Zaki, M	1
Lim, TO	1
Libório, AB	2
Daher, EF	2
de Castro, MC	1
Coll, E	1
Pérez-García, R	1
Martín de Francisco, AL	1
Galcerán, J	1
García-Osuna, R	1
Martín-Malo, A	1
Martínez-Castelao, A	1
Sánchez, B	1
Llopis, R	1
Alvarez de Lara, MA	1
Bolmers, MD	1
Linthorst, GE	1
Soeters, MR	1
Nio, YC	1
van Lieshout, JJ	1
Wedenoja, S	1
Höglund, P	1
Holmberg, C	1
Hsu, SP	1
Chiang, CK	1
Yang, SY	1
Chien, CT	1
Marques, FO	1
Albaaj, F	1
Hutchison, A	1
Schenck, PA	1
Chew, DJ	1
RAESAENEN, T	1
Hatch, M	2
Freel, RW	2
Al-Hamad, NM	1
Al-Eisa, AA	1
Dussol, B	1
Moussi-Frances, J	1
Morange, S	1
Somma-Delpero, C	1
Mundler, O	1
Berland, Y	1
Duggal, A	1
Hanus, M	1
Zhorov, E	1
Dagher, R	1
Plone, MA	1
Goldberg, J	1
Burke, SK	1
Günther, T	1
Jenq, CC	1
Tian, YC	1
Wu, HH	1
Hsu, PY	1
Huang, JY	1
Chen, YC	1
Yang, CW	1
Angelopoulos, B	1
Vlassopoulos, C	1
Kalos, A	1
Schnitzler, R	1
Fritz, KW	1
Edwards, KD	1
Sinnett, PF	1
Stewart, JH	1
Dahlberg, WH	1
Sreebny, LM	1
King, B	1
Boon, NA	2
Aronson, JK	2
Hallis, KF	2
Raine, AE	2
Grahame-Smith, DD	1
Chan, JC	1
Schlarmann, J	1
Schurek, HJ	1
Neumann, KH	1
Eckert, G	1
Maschio, G	2
Oldrizzi, L	1
Tessitore, N	1
D'Angelo, A	2
Valvo, E	2
Lupo, A	3
Loschiavo, C	1
Fabris, A	1
Gammaro, L	1
Rugiu, C	1
Hricik, DE	1
Hussain, R	1
White, NJ	1
Grahame-Smith, DG	1
Narins, RG	1
Rudnick, MR	1
Bastl, CP	1
Dal Canton, A	1
Russo, D	1
Gallo, R	1
Conte, G	1
Andreucci, VE	1
Knochel, JP	2
Sabatini, S	1
Polzin, DJ	1
Osborne, CA	1
Stevens, JB	1
Hayden, DW	1
Allen, JI	1
Korchik, W	1
Kay, NE	1
McClain, CJ	1
Vaziri, ND	2
Bruno, A	1
Byrne, C	1
Mirahmadi, MK	1
Nikakhtar, B	1
Gordon, S	1
Zeien, L	1
Nonoguchi, H	1
Miyagawa, H	1
Shinohara, S	1
Ida, T	1
Tomida, K	1
Kobayashi, K	1
Maeda, K	1
Koshikawa, S	1
Kawaguchi, Y	1
Shimizu, N	1
Naito, C	1
Bia, M	1
Thier, SO	1
Earlbaum, AM	1
Quinton, PM	1
Brennan, BL	1
Yasumura, S	1
Letteri, JM	2
Cohn, SH	2
Schiffl, HH	1
Binswanger, U	1
Reddingius, RE	1
Schröder, CH	1
Willems, JL	1
Lelivelt, M	1
Kohler, BE	1
Krediet, RT	1
Monnens, LA	1
Mattana, J	1
Patel, A	1
Wagner, JD	1
Maesaka, JK	1
Singhal, PC	1
Furuya, H	1
Tabei, K	1
Asano, Y	1
Perrone, B	1
De Franceschi, L	1
Olivieri, O	1
Girelli, D	1
Bernich, P	1
Corrocher, R	1
Shahinfar, S	1
Knauf, H	2
Mutschler, E	2
Corry, DB	1
Ellis, CC	1
Tuck, ML	1
DuBose, TD	1
Grantham, JJ	2
Bruskiewicz, KA	1
Nelson, RW	1
Feldman, EC	1
Griffey, SM	1
Cowan, LA	1
McLaughlin, R	1
Toll, PW	1
Brown, SA	2
Moore, TI	1
Butine, MD	1
Milliken, G	1
Tepel, M	1
Nesbit, O	1
Tokmak, F	1
Zidek, W	1
Gruy-Kapral, C	1
Emmett, M	1
Santa Ana, CA	1
Porter, JL	1
Fordtran, JS	1
Fine, KD	1
Mirza, BI	1
Sahani, M	1
Leehey, DJ	1
Patel, SB	1
Yang, VL	1
Ing, TS	3
Kirschbaum, B	2
Sise, C	1
Kusaka, M	1
Wetzel, LH	1
Winklhofer, F	1
Cowley, BD	1
Cook, LT	1
Gordon, M	1
Soejima, A	1
Kaneda, F	1
Manno, S	1
Matsuzawa, N	1
Kouji, H	1
Nagasawa, T	1
Era, S	1
Takakuwa, Y	1
Zager, RA	1
Johnson, AC	1
Hanson, SY	1
Wasse, H	1
Gennari, FJ	1
Cohen, JJ	2
Arora, KK	1
Pfeifer, MA	1
Wolter, C	1
Melo, J	1
Samols, E	1
Luke, RG	1
Widmer, B	1
Gerhardt, RE	1
Harrington, JT	1
Kheirbek, AO	1
Viol, GW	2
Vilbar, RM	2
Bansal, VK	1
Gandhi, VC	2
Geis, WP	2
Hano, JE	2
Caron, C	1
Nawar, T	1
Montambault, P	1
Plante, GE	1
Kandalaft, N	1
Schmidt, RW	1
Gavellas, G	1
Shaldon, S	1
Beau, MC	1
Claret, G	1
Deschodt, G	1
Mion, H	1
Oules, R	1
Ramperez, P	1
Mion, C	1
Shin, KD	1
Chen, WT	1
Fries, D	1
Beroniade, V	1
Coy, JL	1
Delavelle, F	1
Husted, FC	1
Nolph, KD	2
Gauntner, WC	1
Van Stone, J	1
Bauer, JH	1
Lo, JS	1
Kellen, JA	1
Moore, RW	1
Oreopoulos, DG	1
Walker, D	1
Akriotis, DJ	1
Roncari, DA	1
Husdan, H	1
Symvoulidis, A	1
Deveber, GA	1
Rapoport, A	1
Reid, DB	1
Scheitza, E	1
Curtis, JR	1
Goode, GC	1
Herrington, J	1
Urdaneta, LE	1
Galishoff, M	1
Reines, HD	1
London, RD	1
Lipkowitz, MS	1
Abramson, RG	1
Finco, DR	1
Crowell, WA	1
Groves, CA	1
Duncan, JR	1
Barsanti, JA	1
Tanaka, M	1
Katoh, S	1
Sugino, N	1
Pham Hung, G	1
Nahon, L	1
Grimaud, D	1
Ray, S	1
Piraino, B	2
Chong, TK	1
el-Shahawy, M	1
Puschett, JB	2
Velásquez-Jones, L	1
Brater, DC	1
Anderson, SA	1
Brown-Cartwright, D	1
Toto, RD	1
Chen, A	1
Jacob, GB	1
Wallia, R	1
Greenberg, A	1
Mitro, R	1
Gulyassy, PF	1
Jarrard, E	1
Stanfel, LA	1
Hakim, RM	1
Lazarus, JM	1
Teschner, M	1
Bahner, U	1
Schaefer, RM	1
Möslein, J	1
Heidland, A	1
Klütsch, K	1
Grosswendt, J	1
Haecker, W	1
Hölzel, WG	1
Hené, RJ	1
Koomans, HA	1
Boer, P	1
Dorhout Mees, EJ	1
Wakabayashi, Y	1
Sakamoto, H	1
Mishina, T	1
Marumo, F	1
Cole, DE	1
Boucher, MJ	1
Stammler, G	1
Klooker, P	1
Bommer, J	1
Ziegler, T	1
Fiehn, W	1
Manthey, J	1
Ritz, E	1
Lee, HY	1
Joo, HY	1
Han, DS	1
Luft, FC	1
Aronoff, GR	1
Sloan, RS	1
Fineberg, NS	1
Miller, JZ	1
Free, AH	1
Montanari, A	1
Graziani, G	1
Borghi, L	1
Cantaluppi, A	1
Simoni, I	1
Lorenzano, E	1
Ponticelli, C	1
Novarini, A	1
Baumelou, A	1
Singlas, E	1
Ritter, W	1
Merdjan, H	1
Martre, H	1
Brouard, R	1
Chickh-Touami, C	1
Patte, R	1
Enia, G	1
Catalano, C	1
Zoccali, C	1
Maggiore, Q	1
Poon, TF	1
Ward, MK	1
Kerr, DN	1
Perez, G	1
Joasoo, A	1
Murray, IP	1
Parkin, J	1
Robertson, MR	1
Jeremy, D	1
Cole, CH	1
Petrun', NM	1
Mioni, G	1
Ossi, E	1
Cerra, FB	1
Anthone, R	1
Anthone, S	1
Ellis, KJ	1
Orofino, DP	1
Ruggieri, S	1
Asad, SN	1
Irvine, RO	1
Schulz, E	1
Heinecke, G	1
Goldberg, B	1
Furman, KI	1
Kuhlencordt, F	1
Kruse, HP	1
Hofstetter, A	1
Gault, MH	2
Girndt, J	1
Fernandez, E	1
Qellhorst, E	1
Scheler, F	1
Feng, PH	1
Cheah, PS	1
Lee, YK	1
Bilbrey, GL	1
Carter, NW	1
White, MG	1
Schilling, JF	1
Amor, H	1
Humpeler, E	1
Dittrich, P	1
Davis, LE	1
Wands, JR	1
Weiss, SA	1
Price, DL	1
Girling, EF	1
Abe, H	1
Furukawa, T	1
Kato, T	1
Hayashi, R	1
Hallauer, W	1
Schirmeister, J	1
Parisi, R	2
Stephen, RL	1
Kaess, H	1
Franz, E	1
Leonhäuser, S	1
Jung, K	1
Iwand, A	1
Hagemann, I	1
Kruse, I	1
Pietsch, R	1
Gordon, A	1
Better, OS	1
Greenbaum, MA	1
Marantz, LB	1
Gral, T	1
Maxwell, MH	1
Graham, JA	1
Lawson, DH	1
Linton, AL	1
Pabico, RC	1
Atanacio, BC	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Chlortalidone and Bumetanide in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: HEBE-CKD Trial[NCT03923933]	Phase 2	34 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-18	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
Placebo	-3.4
Treatment Grup	-13.5

Decrease in extracellular water measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (NCT03923933)
Timeframe: Change from Basal to day 28

Change in Extracellular Water / Total Body Water Ratio

Intervention	litres (Mean)
Placebo	-0.15
Treatment Grup	2.55

Decrease in extracellular water / total body water ratio measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (NCT03923933)
Timeframe: Change from Basal to day 28

Change in Mean Arterial Pressure

Intervention	percentage of ECW/TBW (Mean)
Placebo	-0.24
Treatment Grup	-2.92

decrease in blood pressure compared wit baseline measure (mmhg) (NCT03923933)
Timeframe: Change from Basal to day 28

Change in Systolic Blood Pressure

Change in the Fractional Excretion of Sodium

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
Placebo	-5.4
Treatment Grup	-18.1

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
Placebo	-10
Treatment Grup	-26.1

Increase in the fractional excretion of sodium compared with the baseline measure (NCT03923933)
Timeframe: Change from Basal to day 28

Change in Total Body Water

Intervention	percentage of sodium excreted (Mean)
Placebo	-0.348
Treatment Grup	0.598

Measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, compared to the initial measurement (NCT03923933)
Timeframe: Change from Basal to day 28

Article	Year
Review article: the clinical management of congenital chloride diarrhoea. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2010, Feb-15, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alkalosis; Antiporters; Biological Transport; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloride-B	2010
Hyperphosphataemia in renal failure: causes, consequences and current management. Drugs, 2003, Volume: 63, Issue:6 Topics: Aluminum; Calcinosis; Calcitriol; Calcium; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chlorides; Epoxy Compounds; Huma	2003
Novel dosage forms and regimens for sevelamer-based phosphate binders. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2006, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Dogs; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Patient Complianc	2006
Mechanisms, regulation and pathologic significance of Mg2+ efflux from erythrocytes. Magnesium research, 2006, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Animals; Antiporters; Chlorides; Choline; Cystic Fibros	2006
Acid-base disorders and the kidney. Advances in pediatrics, 1983, Volume: 30 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acid-Base Imbalance; Acidosis; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Aldosterone; Alkalosi	1983
Hyperkalemic hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis: pathophysiologic insights. Kidney international, 1997, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aldosterone; Animals; Chlorides; Disease Models	1997
Polycystic kidney disease: huge kidneys, huge problems, huge progress. Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, 1997, Volume: 108 Topics: Body Fluids; Chlorides; Cyclic AMP; Extracellular Matrix; Genotype; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic;	1997
Renal tubular acidosis. Annual review of medicine, 1978, Volume: 29 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Ammonia; Bicarbonates; Biological Transport; Carbon	1978
[Management of metabolic alkalosis in the surgical patient]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 1991, Volume: 10, Issue:2 Topics: Acetazolamide; Alkalosis; Chlorides; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Liver Disea	1991
[Water-electrolyte and acid-base imbalance. VI. Metabolic acidosis]. Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico, 1990, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Acidosis; Acidosis, Lactic; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Extracellular Space; Human	1990
Diet and drugs in renal acidosis and acid-base regulation. Progress in biochemical pharmacology, 1972, Volume: 7 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Alkalies; Alkalosis, Respiratory; Animals;	1972
[What is secured in the therapy of osteoporosis and osteomalacia?]. Der Internist, 1974, Volume: 15, Issue:12 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Calcium; Chlorides; Humans; Hypophosphatasia; Kid	1974
[Abnormalities and interrelations of biochemical indicators in kidney failure]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1968, Volume: 26, Issue:10 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acute Kidney Injury; Amino Acids; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Carbohydrate	1968
[Disorders of water-electrolyte blaance in kidney diseases]. Der Landarzt, 1968, Oct-20, Volume: 44, Issue:29 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Acute Kidney Injury; Anuria; Bicarbonates; Chlorides	1968

Article	Year
A randomized cross-over study comparing the performance of HD integra™ central concentrate system versus pre-produced concentrate in hemodialysis. BMC nephrology, 2017, 04-03, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Cross-Over Studies; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic	2017
[Acetate-free on-line PHF: how to improve hyperacetatemia and haemodynamic tolerance]. Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia, 2009, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Chlorides; Female; Hemodiafiltr	2009
N-acetylcysteine for the management of anemia and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Nephron. Clinical practice, 2010, Volume: 116, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anemia; Antioxidants; Case-Con	2010
A randomized trial of furosemide vs hydrochlorothiazide in patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chlorides; Cross-Over Studies; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Furosemide; Humans; Hydr	2005
Diuretic effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide alone and in combination in chronic renal failure. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Calcium; Chlorides; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Electr	1995
Effect of stanozolol on body composition, nitrogen balance, and food consumption in castrated dogs with chronic renal failure. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1997, Sep-15, Volume: 211, Issue:6 Topics: Anabolic Agents; Animals; Body Composition; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Cross-Over Studie	1997
Effect of single dose resin-cathartic therapy on serum potassium concentration in patients with end-stage renal disease. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 1998, Volume: 9, Issue:10 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Cathartics; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combina	1998
[Bumetanide, a new diuretic active during chronic renal failure (author's transl)]. Pathologie-biologie, 1976, Volume: 24, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bumetanide; Chlorides; Clinical Trials as Topic; Creatinine; Diuresis; Diuretics; Drug	1976
NaHCO3 and NaCl tolerance in chronic renal failure II. Clinical nephrology, 1977, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Mid	1977
Saluretic effect of the loop diuretic torasemide in chronic renal failure. Interdependence of electrolyte excretion. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1990, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Calcium; Chlorides; Diuresis; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrolytes	1990
Single dose comparison of torasemide and furosemide in patients with advanced renal failure. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1988, Volume: 38, Issue:1A Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Chlorides; Clinical Trials as Topic; Creatinine; Diuretics; Double-Blin	1988
Response of alkaline phosphatase to zinc repletion in hypozincemic hemodialysis patients. Blood purification, 1985, Volume: 3, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Chlorides; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Ch	1985
The efficacy of quantitative and qualitative chloride titrators in the estimation of human salt intake. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1985, Jan-15, Volume: 63, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Child; Chlorides; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hyperten	1985
Observations on the effects of a new diuretic--S1520. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 1974, Jan-26, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Benzamides; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorides; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diuresi	1974
Bumetanide, a new diuretic. International urology and nephrology, 1974, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Benzoates; Bumetanide; Butylamines; Chlorides; Clinica	1974

Article	Year
Hyperchloremia is associated with poor renal outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting. BMC nephrology, 2021, 10-18, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Chlorides; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronary Artery Disease; Female; Human	2021
Association between serum chloride levels with mortality in incident peritoneal dialysis patients. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2022, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Chlorides; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneal	2022
Metabolic alkalosis due to short bowel syndrome in a hemodialysis patient. CEN case reports, 2020, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Blood Gas Analysis; Chlorides; Electrolytes; Feces; Humans; Ileostomy; Infu	2020
Anion gap predicts early mortality after starting hemodialysis in the elderly. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2020, Volume: 24, Issue:5 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Chlorides; Female; Humans; Hyperphosphat	2020
Effects of hemodialysis treatment on saliva flow rate and saliva composition during in-center maintenance dialysis: a cross-sectional study. Renal failure, 2021, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Chlorides; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	2021
False-negative diagnosis of high anion gap in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Scientific reports, 2021, 02-25, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acid-Base Imbalance; Aged; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Cross-Sectional Studies;	2021
Characterization of acid-base status in maintenance hemodialysis: physicochemical approach. Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs, 2008, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Anions; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Female; Humans; Kidney Fail	2008
Green urine, but no infection. Lancet (London, England), 2009, Oct-31, Volume: 374, Issue:9700 Topics: Acidosis; Aged, 80 and over; Chlorides; Cystoscopy; Emergency Treatment; Fatal Outcome; Female; Huma	2009
Effect of chloride dialysate concentration on metabolic acidosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas, 2010, Volume: 43, Issue:10 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Ki	2010
Determination of calcium fractionation in dogs with chronic renal failure. American journal of veterinary research, 2003, Volume: 64, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Blood Proteins; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Cholesterol; Creat	2003
THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE WITH LAVAGE OF THE SEPARATED INTESTINAL LOOP. Acta chirurgica Scandinavica, 1963, Volume: 126 Topics: Bicarbonates; Calcium; Chlorides; Glucose; Ileum; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Perfusion; Potassium; Sod	1963
Angiotensin II involvement in adaptive enteric oxalate excretion in rats with chronic renal failure induced by hyperoxaluria. Urological research, 2003, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Biologi	2003
Renal abnormalities in congenital chloride diarrhea. Saudi medical journal, 2004, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; Chlorides; Chromosome Aberrat	2004
Effectiveness of oral and intravenous iron therapy in haemodialysis patients. International journal of clinical practice, 2008, Volume: 62, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; C-Reactive Protein; Chlorides; Erythropoietin; Female	2008
Experimental investigation and observations on the diuretic action of quinethazone. Medicina et pharmacologia experimentalis. International journal of experimental medicine, 1966, Volume: 14, Issue:6 Topics: Acetazolamide; Adult; Chlorides; Chlorothiazide; Creatine; Diuresis; Drug Synergism; Edema; Female;	1966
[A comparative clinical investigation of the diuretic furosemide]. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1966, Volume: 16, Issue:5 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Benzothiadiazines; Chlorides; Diuretics; Eclampsia; Edema; Female; Furosemide;	1966
Ethacrynic acid: assessment of saluretic and diuretic potency in patients with severe chronic renal failure. The Medical journal of Australia, 1967, Feb-25, Volume: 1, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bendroflumethiazide; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Chlorides; Creatine; Diuretics;	1967
Studies of parotid saliva and blood in hemodialysis patients. Journal of applied physiology, 1967, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlorides; Creatine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic;	1967
An in vivo study of cation transport in essential hypertension. Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension, 1984, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biological Transport; Cations; Chlorides; Digoxin; Erythrocytes; Humans; Hypertension;	1984
Chloride-induced increase of plasma potassium after transfusion of erythrocytes in dialysis patients. Nephron, 1984, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Blood Transfusion; Chlorides; Erythrocyte Transfusion; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentra	1984
Early dietary protein and phosphorus restriction is effective in delaying progression of chronic renal failure. Kidney international. Supplement, 1983, Volume: 16 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Calcium; Chlorides; Creatinine; Dietary Proteins; Food, Fortified; Humans;	1983
Pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly in oxalosis. Archives of internal medicine, 1984, Volume: 144, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Bone Marrow; Calcium Oxalate; Chlorides; Female; Ferric Compounds; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Kidn	1984
A method for the study of cation transport in vivo: effects of digoxin administration and of chronic renal failure on the disposition of an oral load of rubidium chloride. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1984, Volume: 66, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Biological Transport, Active; Chlorides; Digoxin; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Kidney Failur	1984
Lactic acidosis and the elevated anion gap (I). Hospital practice, 1980, Volume: 15, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Anions; Bicarbonates; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Glycolysis; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentr	1980
Muzolimine: a new high-ceiling diuretic suitable for patients with advanced renal disease. British medical journal (Clinical research ed.), 1981, Feb-21, Volume: 282, Issue:6264 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Body Weight; Chlorides; Creatinine; Edema; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hype	1981
The kidney in health and disease XXIII. The pathophysiology of uremia. Hospital practice (Office ed.), 1981, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: Amenorrhea; Arteriosclerosis; Biological Transport, Active; Chlorides; Female; Glucose; Humans; Hype	1981
The acidosis of chronic renal failure. The Medical clinics of North America, 1983, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis; Ammonia; Animals; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Chlorides; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chroni	1983
Influence of modified protein diets on electrolyte, acid base, and divalent ion balance in dogs with experimentally induced chronic renal failure. American journal of veterinary research, 1982, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Bicarbonates; Cations, Divalent; Chlorides; Dietary Proteins; Dog Di	1982
Zinc and T-lymphocyte function in hemodialysis patients. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1982, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Chlorides; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunity, Cellular; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lymphocyt	1982
Maintenance hemodialysis in end-stage renal disease associated with spinal cord injury. Artificial organs, 1982, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Chlorides; Heart Rate;	1982
[A case of mild renal failure, who showed persistent hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis without aldosterone deficiency--genesis of acidosis (author's transl)]. Horumon to rinsho. Clinical endocrinology, 1982, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adult; Aldosterone; Chlorides; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Kidney Failure, Chroni	1982
Antithrombotic therapy with ticlopidine in chronic renal failure patients on maintenance hemodialysis--a multicenter collaborative double blind study. Thrombosis research, 1980, Oct-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides; Creatinine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fibrinolytic A	1980
Mixed acid base disturbances: a clinical approach. The Medical clinics of North America, 1981, Volume: 65, Issue:2 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acid-Base Imbalance; Acidosis, Respiratory; Alkalosis, Respiratory; Bicarbona	1981
Elevated divalent ion concentrations in parotid saliva from chronic renal failure patients. Nephron, 1981, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Calcium; Chlorides; Humans; Ions; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Magnesium; Parotid Gland; Phosphates; Pot	1981
Total body electrolyte composition and distribution of body water in uremia. Kidney international, 1980, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Body Composition; Body Water; Bromides; Chlorides; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Mal	1980
Human urinary fluoride excretion as influenced by renal functional impairment. Nephron, 1980, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female; Fluorides; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failu	1980
Measurement of peritoneal fluid handling in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis using dextran 70. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 1995, Volume: 10, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Ascitic Fluid; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorides; Dextrans; Female; Glucose; Humans; In	1995
Effect of time of day of dialysis shift on serum biochemical parameters in patients on chronic hemodialysis. American journal of nephrology, 1995, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Case-Control Studies; Chlorides; Circadian Rhythm; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chron	1995
Enhanced volume-sensitive K flux in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Nephron, 1994, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Erythrocyte Volume; Erythrocytes; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney Fai	1994
Acetate-free biofiltration: the lessons we learned from 8 years' experience. Contributions to nephrology, 1994, Volume: 108 Topics: Acetates; Acidosis; Aged; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Electric Conductivity; Hemodiafiltration; Hemodia	1994
Red blood cell cation transports in uraemic anaemia: evidence for an increased K/Cl co-transport activity. Effects of dialysis and erythropoietin treatment. European journal of clinical investigation, 1995, Volume: 25, Issue:10 Topics: Anemia; Chlorides; Erythrocytes; Erythropoietin; Humans; Ion Transport; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Per	1995
Effects of the specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on urate homeostasis and intestinal urate transport. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1996, Volume: 276, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Biological Trans	1996
Increased inward passive permeability in vitro to sodium in uraemic erythrocytes. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1996, Volume: 90, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chlorides; Enzyme Inhibitors; Erythro	1996
Diabetic ketosis and ketoacidosis in cats: 42 cases (1980-1995). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1997, Jul-15, Volume: 211, Issue:2 Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlorides; Diabetic Ketoac	1997
Sodium-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchange in patients with chronic renal failure: correlation with renal function. Kidney international, 1998, Volume: 53, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Antiporters; Bicarbonates; Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female; H	1998
Saline-induced dilutional acidosis in a maintenance hemodialysis patient. The International journal of artificial organs, 1999, Volume: 22, Issue:10 Topics: Acidosis; Aged; Chlorides; Fluid Therapy; Hemodilution; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Renal	1999
Spurious metabolic acidosis in hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2000, Volume: 35, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; Analysis of Variance; Artifacts; Blood Coagulation; Blood Glucose; Blood Specimen Collecti	2000
Volumetric determination of progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by computed tomography. Kidney international, 2000, Volume: 58, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Body Fluids; Chlorides; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Fail	2000
Useful markers for detecting decreased serum antioxidant activity in hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2002, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Albumins; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Chlorides; Chromatography, High Pressur	2002
Parenteral iron formulations: a comparative toxicologic analysis and mechanisms of cell injury. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2002, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aorta; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Survival; Chlorides; Endothel	2002
Hyperkalemia due to selective hypoaldosteronism. Southern medical journal, 1977, Volume: 70, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Chlorides; Humans; Hyperkalemia;	1977
Serum chloride and bicarbonate levels in chronic renal failure. Archives of internal medicine, 1979, Volume: 139, Issue:10 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Tubules; Nephrons	1979
Serum electrolyte and acid base composition. The influence of graded degrees of chronic renal failure. Archives of internal medicine, 1979, Volume: 139, Issue:10 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Electrolytes; Humans; Kidney	1979
Treatment of metabolic alkalosis with hemofiltration in patients with renal insufficiency. Nephron, 1979, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Alkalosis; Chlorides; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Sod	1979
[Hyperkalemic, hyperchloremic acidosis in moderate chronic renal insufficiency and selective hypoaldosteronism]. L'union medicale du Canada, 1977, Volume: 106, Issue:12 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Chlorides; Female; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hypertension; Kidney Fa	1977
Bicarbonate reabsorption in experimental renal disease: effects of proportional reduction of sodium or phosphate intake. Kidney international, 1977, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Dogs; Female; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Phosphates; Potassium; Sodi	1977
Sorbent regeneration of ultrafiltrate as a long-term treatment of end-stage renal failure. Artificial organs, 1978, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Topics: Aluminum; Bicarbonates; Blood Chemical Analysis; Calcium Chloride; Chlorides; Filtration; Humans; Ki	1978
Treatment of metabolic alkalosis with peritoneal dialysis in a patient with renal failure. Artificial organs, 1978, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Topics: Alkalosis; Chlorides; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Dialysis; Renal	1978
Effects of potassium chloride on the response to sodium restriction in normal subjects and patients with chronic renal failure. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 1977, Volume: 90, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Cations, Divalent; Chlorides; Creatinine; Diet; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure,	1977
Expressing results of laboratory tests. Clinical chemistry, 1976, Volume: 22, Issue:10 Topics: Bicarbonates; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Cre	1976
Excretion of inhibitors of calcification in urine Part II. Findings in patients with chronic renal failure. Canadian Medical Association journal, 1975, Apr-05, Volume: 112, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Animals; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Cartilage; Chlorides; Circadian Rhythm; Creatin	1975
[Effect of 1-desamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin in limited renal function]. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1975, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Arginine; Chlorides; Diuresis; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomeruloneph	1975
Possible cobalt toxicity in maintenance hemodialysis patients after treatment with cobaltous chloride: a study of blood and tissue cobalt concentrations in normal subjects and patients with terminal and renal failure. Clinical nephrology, 1976, Volume: 5, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Chlorides; Cobalt; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Renal Dialy	1976
Lactic acidosis treated with continuous hemodiafiltration and regional citrate anticoagulation. Critical care medicine, 1992, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Citrates; Citric Acid; Female; Hemofiltratio	1992
Altered membrane ionic permeability in a rat model of chronic renal failure. Kidney international, 1992, Volume: 42, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chlorides; Cyclic AMP; Erythrocyte Membrane; Glutamine; In Vitr	1992
Effects of phosphorus/calcium-restricted and phosphorus/calcium-replete 32% protein diets in dogs with chronic renal failure. American journal of veterinary research, 1992, Volume: 53, Issue:1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides	1992
Effect of dietary chloride on spontaneously hypertensive rat. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 1991, Volume: 33, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Chlorides; Diet; Electrolytes; Hypertension; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	1991
Acid excretion and serum electrolyte patterns in patients with advanced chronic renal failure. Mineral and electrolyte metabolism, 1990, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Ammonia; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Electrolytes; Female; Humans;	1990
Effect of etodolac in patients with moderate renal impairment compared with normal subjects. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1985, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chlorides; Creatinine; Drug Evaluation; Etodolac; Female; Humans;	1985
Serum electrolyte patterns in end-stage renal disease. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1986, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Electrolytes; Female;	1986
Contributions of hippurate, indoxyl sulfate, and o-hydroxyhippurate to impaired ligand binding by plasma in azotemic humans. Biochemical pharmacology, 1987, Dec-15, Volume: 36, Issue:24 Topics: Blood Proteins; Calcium; Chlorides; Creatinine; Hippurates; Humans; Indican; Kidney Failure, Chronic	1987
Biochemical parameters in chronic renal failure. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1988, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Hematoc	1988
Early functional effects of various antihypertensive drugs in chronically uremic rats. Kidney international. Supplement, 1988, Volume: 25 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Creatinine; Hy	1988
Intra-individual variation of some analytes in serum of patients with chronic renal failure. Clinical chemistry, 1987, Volume: 33, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha-Amylases; Blood Proteins; Calcium; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female;	1987
Effect of high-dose aldosterone infusions on renal electrolyte excretion in patients with renal insufficiency. American journal of nephrology, 1987, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Chlorides; Electrolytes; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidne	1987
Hyperchloremia in patients with chronic renal failure. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 1986, Volume: 149, Issue:2 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	1986
Increased sweat sulfate concentrations in chronic renal failure. Nephron, 1986, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlorides; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Female; Humans; Iontophoresis; Kidney Fa	1986
Serum electrolyte and acid base composition in patients with graded degrees of chronic renal failure. Yonsei medical journal, 1985, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Electrolytes; Humans;	1985
Skeletal muscle water and electrolytes in chronic renal failure. Effects of long-term regular dialysis treatment. Nephron, 1985, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Body Water; Chlorides; Extracellular Space; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidne	1985
Diuretic effect and pharmacokinetic data observed at different stages of chronic renal failure with 240 mg of muzolimine. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 1985, Volume: 74 Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Chlorides; Creatinine; Diuresis; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Mal	1985
Hyperchloraemia: a non-specific finding in chronic renal failure. Nephron, 1985, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glomerulonephritis; Humans;	1985
Renal failure and hyperchloraemic acidosis. Lancet (London, England), 1972, Jun-24, Volume: 1, Issue:7765 Topics: Acidosis; Adrenal Insufficiency; Aldosterone; Animals; Azo Compounds; Chlorides; Dogs; Humans; Kidne	1972
Abnormalities of in vitro thyroid function tests in renal disease. The Quarterly journal of medicine, 1974, Volume: 43, Issue:170 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Child; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Cr	1974
Decreased ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase activity in the erythrocyte membrame of patients with chronic renal disease. Clinical science and molecular medicine, 1973, Volume: 45, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adult; Aged; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; Crea	1973
[Cytochrome oxidase isoenzymes of the kidneys and blood serum normally and in renal insufficiency]. Ukrains'kyi biokhimichnyi zhurnal, 1973, Volume: 45, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Agar; Animals; Chlorides; Electron Transport Complex IV; Electrophoresis; Gels;	1973
Effects of high doses of frusemide on plasma and muscle electrolytes in patients with chronic renal failure. Nephron, 1974, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Bicarbonates; Body Water; Chlorides; Diuresis; Furosemide; Heart Diseases; Humans; Kidney Failure, C	1974
Colloid osmotic pressure fluctuations and the disequilibrium syndrome during hemodialysis. Nephron, 1974, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Blood Glucose; Blood Proteins; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Colloids; Creatinine;	1974
Altered calcium metabolism in chronic renal failure. Kidney international, 1974, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Activation Analysis; Adolescent; Adult; Bone and Bones; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Chlorides; C	1974
[Prevention and therapy of renal anemia]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1973, May-18, Volume: 98, Issue:20 Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic; Blood Transfusion; Chlorides; Cobalt; Erythropoietin; Follow-Up Studies; Hematocr	1973
Peritoneal dialysis solutions. Canadian Medical Association journal, 1973, Feb-03, Volume: 108, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Acute Kidney Injury; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Chlorides; Coma; Glucose; Humans; Hyper	1973
[Furosemide in chronic renal failure]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1973, May-11, Volume: 98, Issue:19 Topics: Calcium; Chlorides; Creatinine; Diuresis; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Functi	1973
Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus: a 10-year review. British medical journal, 1973, Dec-29, Volume: 4, Issue:5895 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bronchopneumonia; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Child; Chlorides; Coma; Cyc	1973
Potassium deficiency in chronic renal failure. Kidney international, 1973, Volume: 4, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Biopsy, Needle; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides; Creatinine; Dietary Proteins; Extracellular S	1973
[The effect of dialysis treatment on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in chronic kidney failure]. Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift, 1974, Mar-30, Volume: 104, Issue:13 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Chlorides; Diphosphoglyceric Acids; Erythrocytes; Female; Hematocrit; Hemoglo	1974
Central nervous system intoxication from mercurous chloride laxatives. Quantitative, histochemical, and ultrastructural studies. Archives of neurology, 1974, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Brain Chemistry; Cathartics; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cerebellum; Chlorides; Choroid Plexus;	1974
Isolated jejunal loop dialysis in the management of chronic renal failure. The Medical journal of Australia, 1972, Jan-15, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides; Chromatography; Creatinine; Evaluati	1972
[Secretion of gastric juice during hemodialysis]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1971, Oct-29, Volume: 96, Issue:44 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Ammonia; Calcium; Chlorides; Creatinine; Electrolytes; Female; Gastric A	1971
[Intra- and extracellular electrolyte changes in chronic renal insufficiency in the rat]. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1971, May-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Electrocoagulation; Heart; Hematocrit; Kid	1971
Clinical maintenance hemodialysis with a sorbent-based, low-volume dialysate regeneration system. Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1971, Volume: 17 Topics: Adsorption; Adult; Blood Pressure; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium; Carbon; Chlorides; Creatinine; Hema	1971
Management of chronic renal failure by means of isolated jejunal loop dialysis. The Medical journal of Australia, 1969, Nov-08, Volume: 2, Issue:19 Topics: Adult; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Jejunum; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney	1969
Muscle biopsy water and electrolyte contents in chronic renal failure. Clinical science, 1970, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Biopsy; Blood Pressure; Body Fluids; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Extracellular Space; Humans; Hypert	1970
Peritoneal dialysis and its effects on cerebrospinal fluid composition. Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1970, Volume: 16 Topics: Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Chlorides; Creatinine; Humans; Hydrogen-Io	1970
The effect of reserpine upon the transfer of urea nitrogen and electrolytes through the small intestine of sheep. Experimental medicine and surgery, 1970, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Chlorides; Dialysis; Diffusion; Intestine, Small; Isotonic So	1970
[Symposium on homeostasis in disease states. 4. Serum electrolytes]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 1970, Nov-10, Volume: 59, Issue:11 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Animals; Calcium; Chlorides; Dogs; Electrolytes; Female; Homeostasis; Hum	1970
Ionic and urea nitrogen exchange during perfusion of the isolated jejunum in sheep. Experimental medicine and surgery, 1970, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anuria; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Calcium Chloride; Chlorides; Creatine; Dextrans;	1970
Fluid and electrolyte complications of peritoneal dialysis. Choice of dialysis solutions. Annals of internal medicine, 1971, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Blood; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Blood Ure	1971
Diuretics in chronic renal disease: a study of high dosage frusemide. Clinical science, 1971, Volume: 41, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Chlorides; Creatinine; Edema; Female; Furosemide; Glomerular Filtration	1971
[Advantages and special indications of limited peritoneal dialysis versus limited hemodialysis]. Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1967, Nov-15, Volume: 61, Issue:22 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorides; Glucose; Human	1967
Intermittent peritoneal dialysis in the management of chronic renal failure in children. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1968, Volume: 116, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Ascitic Fluid; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Calcium; Catheterization; Child; Chlori	1968
A new cuprophan no-prime disposable cartridge dialyzer. Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1968, Volume: 14 Topics: Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides; Creatinine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidneys, Artificial; Me	1968
[Bicarbonate excretion in response to an increased alkaline load in chronic renal insufficiency]. Nephron, 1968, Volume: 5, Issue:6 Topics: Acetazolamide; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides;	1968
Ethacrynic acid in patients with salt and water retention-a clinical appraisal. Polish medical journal, 1968, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Chlorides; Edema; Ethacrynic Acid; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypernatremia; Hyponatremia; Kidney Failur	1968
[Water and electrolytes in muscle tissue in chronic renal insufficiency]. Nordisk medicin, 1969, Jun-19, Volume: 81, Issue:25 Topics: Biopsy; Body Fluids; Chlorides; Extracellular Space; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	1969
Investigations of renal function in patients with pyloric stenosis. Polish medical journal, 1966, Volume: 5, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorides; Creatine; Dehydration; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Human	1966
[Erythrocyte anuon concentrations in renal insufficiency]. Experientia, 1966, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:12 Topics: Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Erythrocytes; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Nitrogen; Phosphates	1966
[On dialysis therapy of chronic kidney failure]. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1966, Sep-15, Volume: 21, Issue:18 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Blood Proteins; Body Weight; Calcium; Chlorides; Electrocardiography; Female;	1966

chlorine and Chronic Kidney Failure