chiniofon and Spinal-Cord-Diseases

Topics: Clioquinol; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Japan; Kinetics; Nervous System; Nervous System Diseases; Optic Atrophy; Spinal Cord Diseases

Topics: Clioquinol; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Japan; Optic Atrophy; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Spinal Cord Diseases; Syndrome

Clioquinol is still consumed in India in considerable amounts but no new case reports have appeared since 1977. A review is made for a regional neurotoxicology group of an enquiry that we conducted in Bombay to gather information regarding SMON, spanning the period of 1967 to 1976. Nine patients were diagnosed with a variable degree of confidence as suffering from SMON, two from a retrospective search and seven after a prospective watch for the disease. Myelopathy with predominant more distal dysesthesia was seen more often than the full-blown picture of SMON. The peripheral neuropathy component (N) diagnosed clinically or electrophysiologically was seen only once. Pyramidal tract disturbances and resulting spasticity was as striking as posterior column disorder and sensory ataxia. Subacute myelopathy was seen in six patients, optico-myelopathy in two, and myeloneuropathy only once. It was clear that clioquinol has potential neurotoxicity, but no definitive explanation was forthcoming about the vast difference in the prevalence of SMON as reported from Japan and seen by us in Bombay.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Child; Clioquinol; Female; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; India; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Optic Atrophy; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Cord Diseases; Syndrome

Forty Swedish victims of halogenated hydroxyquinoline neurotoxicity were claimed by Dr Hansson in 1981. He had seen only a few of these patients himself. Furthermore, in half the number of patients a neurological examination had been performed only long ago or not at all. A survey of these cases has never been presented. Therefore, extensive and, where possible, complete medical data were obtained for these 40 and one additional patient. A neurological differential diagnostic evaluation was made in each case. It was found that only one had a full-blown SMON syndrome. In all, only half of the patients in this series showed any evidence of a neurotoxic lesion due to clioquinol. The case stories were also presented in detail to the Baumgartner group, with similar diagnostic results. Detailed clinical data and differential diagnoses are presented in the communication.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Clioquinol; Female; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Male; Middle Aged; Optic Atrophy; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Spinal Cord Diseases; Sweden; Syndrome

Topics: Clioquinol; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Japan; Optic Atrophy; Spinal Cord Diseases; Syndrome

Topics: Abdomen; Clioquinol; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Male; Middle Aged; Optic Atrophy; Pain; Spinal Cord Diseases; Syndrome

Topics: Clioquinol; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Optic Neuritis; Oxyquinoline; Spinal Cord Diseases

Topics: Animals; Cats; Clioquinol; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Hydroxyquinolines; Macaca; Optic Neuritis; Spinal Cord Diseases