chikusetsu-saponin-iva and Inflammation

Inflammation is a biological function which triggered after the mechanical tissue disruption or from the responses by the incidence of physical, chemical or biological negotiator in body. These responses are essential act provided by the immune system during infection and tissue injury to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. Inflammation is a quite complicated process at molecular level with the involvement of several proinflammatory expressions. Several health problems are associated with prolonged inflammation, which effects nearly all major to minor diseases. The molecular and epidemiological studies jagged that the inflammation is closely associated with several disorders with their specific targets. It would be great achievement for human health around the world to overcome on inflammation. Mostly used anti-inflammatory drugs are at high risk of side effects and also expensive. Hence, the plant-based formulations gained a wide acceptance by the public and medical experts to treat it. Due to extensive dispersal, chemical diversity and systematically established biological potentials of natural products have induced renewed awareness as a gifted source for medications. However, today's urgent need to search for cheaper, more potent and safe anti-inflammatory medications to overcome on current situation. The goal of this review to compile an update on inflammation, associated diseases, molecular targets, inflammatory mediators and role of natural products. The entire text concise the involvement of various cytokines in pathogenesis of various human disorders. This assignment discussed about 321 natural products with their promising anti-inflammatory potential discovered during January 2009 to December 2018 with 262 citations.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Inflammation; Neoplasms; Skin Diseases

Chikusetsusaponin IVa (CHS-IVa), a saponin from herb

Topics: Animals; Dinoprostone; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Macrophages; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Nitric Oxide; Oleanolic Acid; RAW 264.7 Cells; Saponins; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

This study investigated anti-inflammatory effects and possible mechanisms of Chikusetsusaponin IVa (Chi IVa), one of the main bioactive components in saponins from Panacis japonica (SPJ), which is used in traditional Tujia and Hmong Chinese medicine. To this end, changes in the inflammatory profiles of lipopolysacchride (LPS)-stimulated phrobol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA)-differented THP-1 macrophages were evaluated following Chi IVa treatment. The results showed that Chi IVa markedly decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at both the mRNA and protein level, which proved to be dose-dependent. Further studies revealed that Chi IVa strongly suppressed NF-κB activation and downregulated the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK. Our present study demonstrates that Chi IVa suppresses the production of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells likely by inhibiting NF-κB activation and ERK, JNK, and p38 signal pathway phosphorylation.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Cyclooxygenase 2; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Lipopolysaccharides; MAP Kinase Signaling System; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oleanolic Acid; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; RNA, Messenger; Saponins; Signal Transduction