ceftobiprole and Diabetic-Foot

Ceftobiprole is a fifth-generation cephalosporin approved for the treatment of adult community-acquired pneumonia and non-ventilator associated hospital-acquired pneumonia. However, its microbiological and pharmacokinetic profile is very attractive as armamentarium for empirical monotherapy treatment in other infections too. Among these, the following scenarios could be considered complicated skin and soft tissue infections, moderate-severe diabetic foot infections without bone involvement, vascular-catheter-associated-bloodstream infections, and fever without apparent focus in the hospitalized patient without septic shock or profound immunosuppression.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Catheter-Related Infections; Cephalosporins; Cross Infection; Diabetic Foot; Fever of Unknown Origin; Humans; Inpatients; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Soft Tissue Infections

The increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance in general, and that of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in particular, is raising significant medical, economical and public health challenges worldwide, both within hospitals and throughout the community. These considerations, along with the extensive time and costs associated with the development and approval of new therapeutic agents, represent some of the major reasons why understanding the advantages and limitations of new antibiotics, ensuring their judicious use and maximising their active shelf life should become global priorities. On March 18, 2008, the Food and Drug Administration issued an approvable letter for ceftobiprole, a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic active against MRSA and other clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Ceftobiprole is currently available only for parenteral administration, and besides its remarkable antimicrobial spectrum, this antibiotic possesses additional desirable characteristics, such as low propensity to select for resistance, efficacy in animal models of disease and good safety profile. Furthermore, in recently completed clinical trials, ceftobiprole demonstrated non-inferiority to comparator compounds such as vancomycin, and emerged as a promising clinical option of monotherapy for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia. Here, we discuss some of the most important clinically relevant findings on ceftobiprole obtained from in vitro studies, animal models of disease and recently completed phase III clinical trials.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetic Foot; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillin-Binding Proteins; Staphylococcal Infections

Against 443 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from diabetic foot infections, ceftobiprole MICs (microg/ml) at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited were as follows: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 1; methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis, 0.5; Anaerococcus prevotii, 0.125; Finegoldia magna, 0.5; Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus, 1; Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, 4; Escherichia coli and Enterobacter species, 0.125; Klebsiella species, 2; and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 8.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Aerobic; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Cephalosporins; Diabetic Foot; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests