cefoxitin and Lung-Diseases

During the past decade, Mycobacterium chelonae has been recognized with increasing frequency as a pulmonary pathogen. A review of previously reported cases reveals that most patients with pulmonary infections due to M. chelonae are nonimmunosuppressed but have underlying chronic lung disease. The infection is notably absent among blacks. M. chelonae organisms are characterized by a high degree of in vitro resistance to antituberculous drugs, and attempts at eradicating the organism through chemotherapy have been largely unsuccessful. The case of a 63-year-old previously healthy woman with progressive bilateral pulmonary disease due to M. chelonae is reported; she was treated successfully with a combination of cefoxitin and orally administered ciprofloxacin. Our experience supports the use of quinolones in combination with other active agents for the treatment of pulmonary infection due to M. chelonae.

Topics: Amikacin; Cefoxitin; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium chelonae; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Sputum; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Administration, Oral; Cefazolin; Cefoxitin; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cephacetrile; Cephalexin; Cephaloglycin; Cephaloridine; Cephalosporins; Cephalothin; Cephapirin; Cephradine; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kinetics; Lung Diseases; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefoxitin; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Lung Diseases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Topics: Amikacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefoxitin; Diabetes Complications; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Tigecycline

To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of the regimen containing cefoxitin on highly drug-resistant rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial (RGM) pulmonary disease.. From January to December 2007, 16 patients with RGM pulmonary disease, who had been treated for 6-48 months, average (15 ± 11) months but still sputum positive, were included in the study and treated with a new regimen containing cefoxitin, fluoroquinolone, macrolide, and SMZco. Cefoxitin was used in the first 3 months and the total duration of therapy was 18 months. Sputum conversion rate, radiology change and side effects were observed before and after the therapy.. Underlying chronic diseases including COPD (n = 2), tuberculosis (n = 3), bone-marrow transplantation due to chronic leukemia (n = 1) and bronchiectasis (n = 5), were present in 11 patients. Main symptoms before therapy were cough and expectoration. There were multi-focal patchy, small nodular shadows with cavities on CT scans. The 16 clinical strains were highly resistant to anti-tuberculous drugs: 15/16 to streptomycin, 16/16 to isoniazid, 14/16 to rifampin, 13/16 to ethambutol, 14/15 to amikacin, 15/15 to capreomycin and 14/15 to ofloxacin. After treatment, the clinical symptoms improved in all patients. Eight of the 16 patients became sputum negative by 6 months which lasted to the end of the therapy, while another 8 patients remained sputum positive. Six patients showed radiological improvement. No one experienced side effects induced by cefoxitin. The total cure rate was 8/16.. The regimen containing cefoxitin has certain effect on highly drug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, especially for RGM.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefoxitin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Retrospective Studies

The optimal therapeutic regimen and duration of treatment for Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease is not well established.. To assess the efficacy of a standardized combination antibiotic therapy for the treatment of M. abscessus lung disease.. Sixty-five patients (11 males, 55 females, median age 55 yr) with M. abscessus lung disease were treated with clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline, together with an initial regimen of amikacin and cefoxitin for the first 4 weeks of hospitalization.. Treatment response rates were 83% for symptoms and 74% for high-resolution computed tomography. Sputum conversion and maintenance of negative sputum cultures for more than 12 months was achieved in 38 (58%) patients. These rates were significantly lower in patients whose isolates were resistant to clarithromycin (17%, 2/12) compared with those whose isolates were susceptible or intermediate to clarithromycin (64%, 21/33; P = 0.007). Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia associated with cefoxitin developed in 33 (51%) and 4 (6%) patients, respectively. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity occurred in 10 (15%) patients. Because of these adverse reactions, cefoxitin was discontinued in 39 (60%) patients after treatment for a median of 22 days.. Standardized combination antibiotic therapy was moderately effective in treating M. abscessus lung disease. However, frequent adverse reactions and the potential for long-duration hospitalization are important problems that remain to be solved.

Topics: Adult; Amikacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Cefoxitin; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Ciprofloxacin; Clarithromycin; Doxycycline; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Liver; Lung; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Neutropenia; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Retrospective Studies; Sputum; Thrombocytopenia; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome

Infections after oesophageal surgery are studied on sixty patients who received perioperatively two antibiotics (cefoxitin and amikacin). Postoperative infection rate is 62% (pneumopathies: 27%, leakage of cervical anastomoses: 17%). Different parameters which can induce postoperative infection are analyzed. The only significative data are the duration of total parenteral nutrition and of intensive care stay. The commonest isolated organisms are gram negative bacilli (61%) and streptococci (30%). Yeasts infections are frequent, and significantly correlated with antibiotic treatment duration.

Topics: Aged; Amikacin; Bacterial Infections; Cefoxitin; Esophageal Diseases; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Parenteral Nutrition; Postoperative Complications; Premedication; Prospective Studies; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Cefoxitin; Cefuroxime; Humans; Lung Diseases; Postoperative Complications; Respiratory Tract Infections; Surgical Procedures, Operative