cefoxitin and Biliary-Tract-Diseases

A review of the literature indicates that cefoxitin is an effective single-agent therapy for community-acquired intra-abdominal infections, pelvic infections, and surgical prophylaxis. Hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infections may require the addition of an aminoglycoside.

Topics: Biliary Tract Diseases; Cefoxitin; Cesarean Section; Colonic Diseases; Endometritis; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Infection Control; Male; Postoperative Complications; Pregnancy; Puerperal Infection; Rectal Diseases

The authors carried out a study to assess the efficacy of an antibiotic treatment (cefotetan or cefoxitin) in 22 stratified patients with biliary sepsis, at low and high risk. The severity of sepsis was assessed by a biliary sepsis score (B.S.S.). No significant difference in results was observed between the two treatments in low-risk groups (cefotetan 80%, cefoxitin 75% satisfactory), while the difference between the high risk groups was significant (cefotetan 75%, cefoxitin 40% satisfactory). In the low risk group it can be stated that better nutritional and immunological status provide adequate host defences and that the antibiotic treatment is less important in determining surgical outcome. In high risk patients the efficacy of an antibiotic, cefotetan in this case, can significantly improve clinical results.

Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Biliary Tract Diseases; Cefotetan; Cefoxitin; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index

Activities of cefoxitin and the effect on killing of bacteria in bile from six patients undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage were analyzed in relation to in vitro activities of the drug, with particular reference to the incubation time. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of cefoxitin with short term (6 hr) incubation correlated well with the duration of the effective cefoxitin concentration and the decrease of viable bacteria in bile juice from the patients. These timed in vitro activities can be used as well as the conventional MIC and MBC with the prolonged incubation of 24 hr, in the deductive analysis of bacterial response in vivo.

Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Bacteroides fragilis; Bile; Biliary Tract Diseases; Cefoxitin; Drainage; Enterobacter; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Male; Middle Aged

Cefoxitin (CFX) was administrated to a total of 12 hospitalized patients with digestive diseases, in combination with aminoglycosides. The following results were obtained: Clinical effects of CFX on 12 cases were "excellent" in 4 cases, "good" in 5, "fair" in 1 and "unknown" in 2, with the efficacy rate of 75%. All 4 cases who developed septicemia with underlying severe diseases showed "excellent" effect to CFX. Clinical results of 8 cases with hepatic biliary tract infections were "good" in 5, "fair" in 1 and "unknown" in 2, with the efficacy rate in 62.5%. As for side effects, an allergic reaction was observed in 1 case, and it is suggested renal function should be monitored carefully in a case of combination use with aminoglycosides.

Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Biliary Tract Diseases; Cefoxitin; Cholecystitis; Dibekacin; Digestive System Diseases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gallstones; Gentamicins; Humans; Liver Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Sepsis

A total of 24 patients who was hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Wards of Yamaguchi University attached Hospital and the university's 3 related hospitals were administered with cefoxitin. The breakdown of the patients treated with cefoxitin was 7 with cholecystitis, 7 with choledochitis and the remaining 10 for the prevention of infections with obstructive jaundice. Daily doses of 2-6 g of cefoxitin were administered for 6-40 days by intermittent intravenous drip infusion in divided doses.. 1. Of 14 patients with biliary tract infections, 10 (71.4%) responded favorably with cefoxitin. 2. Of 10 patients with obstructive jaundice used for the prevention of infections, 8 (80%) responded favorably with cefoxitin. 3. No untoward side effects were observed. 4. Cefoxitin proved to be a safe and effective antibiotic in the treatment of biliary tract infections and for the prevention of infections in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacterial Infections; Biliary Tract Diseases; Cefoxitin; Cholestasis; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Premedication