cefotaxime and Skin-Diseases--Bacterial

We conducted a randomized, open-label, controlled, multicenter study to compare sulbactam/cefoperazone with cefotaxime in terms of efficacy and safety for the treatment of hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe bacterial infections. More than two-thirds of the pathogens recovered from these patients produced beta-lactamase. Two hundred-seven (88.1%) of the 235 patients enrolled completed the study and were included in the efficacy and safety evaluations. One hundred-three patients received sulbactam/cefoperazone (2-4 g/d) administered in evenly divided doses every 12 hours by a 30-minute intravenous drip; 104 patients received cefotaxime (6-12 g/d) administered in evenly divided doses every 6 or 8 hours by a 30-minute intravenous drip. The overall efficacy rates (i.e., cure or markedly improved) were 95% for the sulbactam/cefoperazone group and 90% for the cefotaxime group (P = .186), whereas the bacterial eradication rates were 85% for the sulbactam/cefoperazone group and 81% for the cefotaxime group (P = .467). Both drug regimens were well tolerated. Sulbactam/cefoperazone is effective and safe for the treatment of moderate-to-severe bacterial infections caused mainly by beta-lactamase-producing organisms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; Cefoperazone; Cefotaxime; Cephalosporins; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Respiratory Tract Infections; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Sulbactam; Urinary Tract Infections

The purpose of this study was to examine the safety and efficacy of outpatient intravenous antibiotic therapy for skin and soft-tissue infections and determine its effect on length of hospital stay. In this open-label, multicenter, prospective study, 130 adult patients with skin and soft-tissue infections requiring parenteral antibiotic therapy were enrolled as a subgroup. Initial therapy was delivered to hospital inpatients or in outpatient treatment centers, followed by home infusion therapy. Cefotaxime was delivered intravenously using a programmable ambulatory infusion pump. The clinical response rate was 97.5% (n = 118), while the bacteriologic response rate was 94.0% (n = 83). Only 32.2% of patients required hospitalization, and the mean duration of inpatient care for all evaluable patients was only 1.5 days. The mean duration of hospitalization for patients receiving inpatient care was 4.7 days. In conclusion, home intravenous cefotaxime therapy is safe, effective, and may reduce healthcare costs for many patients with skin and soft-tissue infections.

Topics: Abscess; Adult; Bacterial Infections; Cefotaxime; Cellulitis; Diabetes Complications; Female; Home Care Services; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Length of Stay; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Skin Diseases, Bacterial

Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a cutaneous infection which usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of EG of the eyelid treated with escharotomy and skin grafting, highlighting the importance of surgical management. A 2-year-old Asian Indian female presented to us with right upper lid edema with a large necrotic area. The child received intravenous cefotaxime for a week and the necrotic area turned to a well-defined eschar. Escharotomy with wound debridement and skin grafting was done. The present case highlights the importance of surgical intervention to prevent the sequelae of scarring of upper lid.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefotaxime; Child, Preschool; Debridement; Ecthyma; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Skin Transplantation; Staphylococcal Infections

A 10-year-old Pekingese dog with atopic dermatitis was referred due to pyrexia, multiple skin nodules, anorexia, and depression. The dog was diagnosed as having systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) induced by bacterial dermatitis. This case presents diagnosis and treatment of SIRS with staphylococcal skin infection in a dog that was immunosuppressed due to long-term use of corticosteroid.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefotaxime; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Metronidazole; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome