cefotaxime and Pneumonia--Staphylococcal

Necrotizing pneumonia induced by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-secreting Staphylococcus aureus is a rare but life-threatening infection that has been described in patients after they had influenza. We report a fatal case of this superinfection in a young adult who had coronavirus disease.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Toxins; Betacoronavirus; Cefotaxime; Clindamycin; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing; Exotoxins; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Leukocidins; Linezolid; Male; Metronidazole; Necrosis; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Pneumonia, Viral; Respiration, Artificial; SARS-CoV-2; Spiramycin; Staphylococcus aureus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The authors describe a one-year-old girl with a fronto-ethmoidal encephalomeningocele who developed wound infection, purulent meningitis and septic shock 5 hours after operation. The patient was treated with intravenous ceftazidime and vancomycin empirically. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and eye discharge grew Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by E-test of penicillin and cefotaxime were 1.0 and 0.38 ug/ml respectively so the antibiotics were switched to cefotaxime 300 mg/kg/day. She recovered completely after appropriate treatment. Penicillin-non-susceptible S. pneumoniae should be considered as one of the causes of post-operative serious infection of the face and neck in the era of increasing prevalence of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefotaxime; Chloramphenicol; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Infant; Lincomycin; Meningoencephalitis; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Postoperative Complications; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Vancomycin

The staphylococcal pneumonia is the prerogative of the infant but rare cases were observed in the childhood. We report the observation of two children aged respectively of six years and three years and a half having presented a particular form of severe staphylococcal pneumonia apart from any context of immunodepression. The identification of the particular strains producing toxins Like the Panton and Valentine leukocidin constitutes the first stage of the comprehension of this atypical form of pneumonia. Through these observations and with a review of literature we underline the specific clinical and biological aspects of this form.

Topics: Amikacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefotaxime; Child; Child, Preschool; Community-Acquired Infections; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fosfomycin; Humans; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Radiography, Thoracic; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Cefotaxime; Cephalosporins; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross Infection; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Enterococcus; Erythromycin; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Meningitis, Bacterial; Neutropenia; Penicillins; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Urinary Tract Infections

The efficacy of endolymphatic route of gentamicin and ceporin administration was studied in 89 patients with neurosurgical pathological processes complicated by acute pneumonia (80 patients) and meningoencephalitis (9 patients) usually after ineffective antibiotic therapy according to the routine methods. The antibiotics were used in accordance with the antibiograms of the causative agents isolated from the bronchial tree or CSF. The endolymphatic use of gentamicin or ceporin once a day in doses of 80 mg or 1 g respectively provided rapid sanation and arresting of the inflammatory foci, lowering of the intoxication level, more rapid promotion of the positive time course of the clinico-roentgenological and laboratory indices and decreasing of the recovery periods by 1.5-2 times in 86 per cent of the patients with pneumonia. The endolymphatic administration of gentamicin in a dose of 80 mg twice a day or ceporin in a dose of 1 g twice a day allowed one to maintain the antibiotic therapeutic levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and to obtain satisfactory clinical results in the combined treatment of meningoencephalitis. The endolymphatic administration of the drugs was well tolerated by the patients and no adverse reactions were observed. This route of administration of antibiotics and in particular broad spectrum antibiotics may be recommended for urgent antibacterial therapy of especially severe neurosurgical patients with pyo-inflammatory complications and patients who did not respond to the routine antibiotic therapy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Diseases; Cefotaxime; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Injections, Intralymphatic; Male; Meningoencephalitis; Middle Aged; Pneumococcal Infections; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Postoperative Complications; Proteus Infections; Proteus mirabilis; Staphylococcus aureus