cefmenoxime and Cystitis

To evaluate the efficacy and the safety of cefteram in bacterial infections, a randomized control study of cefteram and cefaclor on the treatment of 123 patients with respiratory and urinary tract infections was carried out. The result showed that the effective and bacterial eradication rates were 92.1% and 91.4% for cefteram. 83.3% and 85.2% for cefalor. Adverse reactions were mainly gastrointestinal reactions, occurring in 4.6% of the cefteram group and 9.4% of the cefaclor group. Study of minimum inhibitory concentration displayed high antibacterial activity of cefteram for enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative organisms and its activity was higher than that of gentamyicin and ciprofloxacin for E. coli. It is concluded that cefteram was effective and safe in the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections.

Topics: Bacterial Infections; Bronchitis; Cefaclor; Cefmenoxime; Cephalosporins; Cystitis; Humans; Tonsillitis

The efficacy of cefmenoxime (CMX), which is a third generation, beta-lactamase-resistant cephem with a broad antibacterial spectrum, was examined in 43 patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections. The usual dosage regimen was given 2 approximately 4 g/day of CMX by intravenous drip infusion over 1 hour. The duration of treatment was 5 days. Fifteen patients were cured and 21 improved, and the effective rate was 83.7%. Bacterial eradication rate in these cases was 88.2%, especially eradication of the original pathogens such as Serratia marcescens, Proteus species and Klebsiella species, occurred in high frequency. Laboratory abnormalities were slight elevation of serum GOT and GPT in 2 cases. From these findings, CMX was considered to be very effective in complicated urinary tract infections.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacterial Infections; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cystitis; Female; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Urinary Tract Infections

Cefmenoxime, a new cephalosporin, was given to fifty patients (28 male and 22 female) aged 15 to 86 years with infection of the urinary tract or prostate. Urinary tract infections, i.e. cystitis in 20 cases and pyelonephritis in 21, were usually chronic and associated with urologic anomalies. Nine patients had infection of the prostate. Pathogens recovered from the urine were 26 E. coli, 8 Klebsiella, 16 Serratia, 5 Proteus mirabilis or indole-positive Proteus, 1 Providencia, and 4 Pseudomonas. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of cefmenoxime ranged from 0.015 to 64 micrograms/ml (mean MIC: 0.12 micrograms/ml). Cefmenoxime was given as single drug therapy in all patients but one, in a daily dosage of 2 g divided into two intramuscular injections, for 3 to 28 days (average 22 days). Follow-up after discontinuation of treatment was four weeks. Therapeutic results were as follows: 13 successes and 7 failures by relapse for the 20 cystitis patients, 13 successes and 7 failures by relapse for the 20 interpretable cases of pyelonephritis, and 4 successes and 5 failures by relapse for the 9 patients with prostate infection. Local tolerance was excellent. Skin rash in 2 patients and diarrhea in 1 required withdrawal of the drug. Three other patients with diarrhea were able to continue treatment. Intolerance to ingestion of alcoholic beverages was reported by 10 patients. Hypereosinophilia was recorded in 2 cases and a transient mononucleosic reaction in one. No renal of hepatic side effects were documented.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cystitis; Drug Evaluation; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Klebsiella; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatic Diseases; Proteus; Providencia; Pseudomonas; Pyelonephritis; Serratia; Urinary Tract Infections

Cefmenoxime was evaluated in an open trial consisting of 41 patients. Forty infections in 36 patients could be evaluated. Thirteen patients had pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli (two bacteremic), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Streptococcus faecalis; all improved and 12 of 13 were clinically cured, but one relapse (S. faecalis) occurred at two weeks. Six patients with cystitis due to E. coli, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia marcescens, P. aeruginosa, or S. faecalis all improved, but relapse or reinfection, or both, occurred in five due to P. aeruginosa, S. faecalis, C. fruendii, or E. coli. Neurogenic bladder or other complications were present in five of 13 patients with pyelonephritis and five of six with cystitis. Ten patients with pneumonia and one with tracheobronchitis due to Hemophilus influenzae, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, or Neisseria meningitidis all improved and seven had resolution without relapse, but P. aeruginosa emerged in two patients, one of whom died. Eight soft tissue infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, Peptococcus prevotti, Streptococcus species, or infections of mixed origin resolved in six. Sterility of blood cultures was obtained in one patient with endocarditis due to S. anginosus, but other therapy was substituted. Clinical resolution of the toxic shock syndrome and subsequent negative endocervical cultures for S. aureus occurred in one. Granulocytopenia of unverified cause in four (with less than 1,500 mm3) and two (with less than 2,000 mm3) was reversible. Headache during treatment occurred in six patients and a possible disulfiram-like effect in three. Elevations of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase occurred in five, Coombs' positivity in two, and diarrhea in three. Clinical efficacy of cefmenoxime was significant. Possible side effects require further study.

Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacterial Infections; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cellulitis; Cystitis; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Humans; Leukopenia; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Urinary Tract Infections

Basic and clinical studies were made on Cefmenoxime (CMX), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, and the following results were obtained. The serum concentration of CMX was examined in four healthy adults after administration of 250 mg of CMX by intramuscular injection, intravenous injection and one-hour intravenous drip infusion (cross over). In the case of intramuscular injection, the peak value of 5.9 micrograms/ml was obtained 30 minutes after administration, and the half-life in serum was 1.41 hours. In the case of intravenous drip infusion, injection, a concentration value of 11.1 micrograms/ml on the average was obtained after 15 minutes of administration, and the half-life in serum was 1.26 hours. In the case of intravenous drip infusion, the concentration was 12.4 micrograms/ml upon completion of drip infusion, and CMX disappeared from serum at a half-life of 0.94 hour. The urinary recovery up to 6 hours was from 60 to 70% in each The efficacy rate of this preparation was 100% for 4 cases of acute simple cystitis. The efficacy rate of CMX was 70% for 10 cases of complicated urinary tract infection; the 3 cases in which CMX was not effective were patients with a residual catheter and Pseudomonas persisting or appearing as superinfection. It was noted that Serratia, which was resistant to the conventional cephalosporin antibiotics, became negative. No subjective side effects due to the administration of this preparation were observed. As for abnormal laboratory findings, a slight and transient rise in transaminases was observed in one case. On the basis of the above-mentioned results, it was concluded that CMX is an effective preparation for the treatment of urinary tract infections.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cystitis; Drug Evaluation; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors