cefamandole and Diabetic-Retinopathy

Using newly invented method for collecting vitreous samples, we examined the permeability of antibiotics across the blood-ocular barrior in human eyes. One of the advantages of the present method is that it yields sufficient amounts of sample. This makes it possible to examine and compare the permeability of multiple drugs with the same sample. We studied two antibiotics, Flomoxef Sodium (FMOX) and Cefamandole Sodium (CMD) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (8 cases), proliferative diabetica retinopathy (8 cases) and simple vitreous haemorrhage (9 cases: including 3 cases of Terson's syndrome). A considerable amount of FMOX was detected in the vitreous sample and the permeability of FMOX was 50% better than that of CMD. Permeability also differed recording of different ocular diseases. The amount of the drug was lowest in cases with simple vitreous hemorrhage, especially in Terson's syndrome (p less than 0.05). This is reasonable as the blood-ocular barrior must be less disturbed in this disease than the other two conditions.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cefamandole; Cephalosporins; Diabetic Retinopathy; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retinal Diseases; Vitreous Body

We gave 2-g intravenous doses of either cefamandole or moxalactam to 22 patients before vitrectomy. At 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 hours after administration, cefamandole vitreous concentrations varied from 0.36 to 2.05 micrograms/ml (mean, 0.94 micrograms/ml). Individual levels above the minimum inhibitory concentration of cefamandole for 90% (MIC90) of Staphylococcus aureus were found in five of 11 patients. Levels above the MIC90 for S. epidermidis were found in only two of 11 samples. Vitreous concentrations above the MIC90 of cefamandole for common gram-negative pathogens were found in only two patients. Moxalactam concentrations in the vitreous varied from 1.1 to 4 micrograms/ml 30 minutes to six hours after administration. These levels were not above moxalactam's MIC90 for S. aureus or S. epidermidis but were many times higher than the MIC90 of moxalactam for Enterobacteriaceae excluding Pseudomonas.

Topics: Cefamandole; Diabetic Retinopathy; Humans; Iris Diseases; Kidney Diseases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Moxalactam; Vitrectomy; Vitreous Body