cefamandole and Bacteriuria

The present study was carried out to determine the relationship between fever (> or = 38 degrees C) after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and the history of bacteriuria before ESWL. The subjects of this study comprised 958 patients. Significant bacteriuria before ESWL was found in 75 patients. These patients were treated with antibiotics and underwent ESWL after bacteriuria disappeared. Despite treatment with antibiotics, the patients with bacteriuria before ESWL had a significantly higher incidence of fever after ESWL than those without bacteriuria. Among the 14 patients whose high fever persisted after ESWL, the patients with bacteriuria included 7 (50%) with stones > 20 mm in size. The patients with stones > 20 mm and bacteriuria before ESWL had a high risk of persistent high fever after ESWL.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacteriuria; Cefamandole; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Fever; Humans; Lithotripsy; Male; Middle Aged; Urinary Calculi

A total of 1,800 urine specimens were screened by Gram stain to detect bacteriuria. Pellets of bacteria were obtained by centrifuging specimens containing greater than or equal to 1 gram-negative bacillus of a single morphological type per oil immersion field. Direct susceptibility tests and identifications were performed from pellets by using the AutoMicrobic system (AMS). Results were compared with culture results by routine AMS methods. Of the 145 specimens showing only gram-negative bacilli on Gram stain, 113 grew greater than or equal to 10(5) CFU of a single species per ml. Compared with routine AMS identifications, the direct method correctly identified 105 (92.9%) of the isolates. Identifications were available within 8 h for 77% of the isolates. When compared by MICs, 93.2% of the direct susceptibility test results agreed with routine AMS results within one twofold dilution. Comparisons by category call indicated that overall complete and essential agreements were 89.9 and 97.8%, respectively, with 1.0% very major, 1.0% major, and 8.1% minor errors. Cefamandole and cephalothin had the lowest correlations by both comparisons. Within 8 h, susceptibility results were available for 94.3% of the isolates. This method offers the advantage of rapid detection, prompt processing, and earlier reporting of complete results for positive urine specimens.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriological Techniques; Bacteriuria; Cefamandole; Cephalothin; Enterobacteriaceae; Gentian Violet; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Phenazines; Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The authors study the possibilities of cephalosporin antibiotic cefamandol, new for our clinical practice, in the treatment of uroinfections. The microbiological study on a total of 2301 bacterial strains, isolated from patients with uroinfections, reveals that cefamandol excels in its action against gram-positive microorganisms, all beta-lactam antibiotics, used in our country. As regards E. coli, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, P. mirabilis and indole positive pro cefamandol is better than ampicillin, carbencillin and cefalotin. A resistance to the preparation showed the majority of the isolates of Enterococcus, Serratia, Acinebacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Excellent result was attained in 60% of all the 35 patients with uroinfections treated, manifested in "sterilization" of urine and in 5.71% bacteruiria became insignificant. In parallel, the clinical and laboratory symptoms of uroinfection were favourably influenced. The preparation has a good tolerance. Finally it should be underlined that this antibiotic must be introduced in the routine clinical practice for the treatment of adequate forms of uroinfections.

Topics: Bacteria; Bacteriuria; Bulgaria; Cefamandole; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Urinary Tract Infections

238 patients undergoing primary total hip replacement had on a routine basis both "clean air system" prophylactic conditions and a one day lasting prophylactic Cefamandole treatment on the day of surgery. All patients had a follow-up during at least one year; the follow-up in some patients was up to 25 months. Deep infections were not seen in any of the patients and E.S.R. returned to normal values one year after the intervention in all patients. Superficial wound infections were seen in 2% of the patients. One fifth of the patients had significant bacteriuria on the day of the intervention. This did not seem to have any implication. In our series both laminar air flow and prophylactic administration of Cefamandole on the day of intervention give an adequate prophylactic coverage to prevent the dangerous deep infection as a complication in total hip surgery.

Topics: Aged; Air Microbiology; Bacteriuria; Cefamandole; Cephalosporins; Female; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Operating Rooms; Surgical Wound Infection