carvedilol and Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Bisoprolol fumarate (bisoprolol) is a β-blocker widely used to treat chronic heart failure (CHF)."	9.19	Efficacy and safety of bisoprolol fumarate compared with carvedilol in Japanese patients with chronic heart failure: results of the randomized, controlled, double-blind, Multistep Administration of bisoprolol IN Chronic Heart Failure II (MAIN-CHF II) stud ( Hori, M; Izumi, T; Matsuzaki, M; Nagai, R, 2014)
"Twenty-nine patients (63+/-12 years old) with New York Heart Association class II-III heart failure underwent serial measurements of left ventricular volumes using 3-dimensional echocardiography and blood pressures by sphygmomanometry at baseline, 2 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months after initiation of carvedilol."	9.14	Mechanisms underlying improvements in ejection fraction with carvedilol in heart failure. ( Burkhoff, D; El-Khoury Rumbarger, L; King, DL; Maurer, MS; Sackner-Bernstein, JD; Yushak, M, 2009)
"Radionuclide isotopic ventriculography with phase analysis was performed in 30 patients with stable heart failure (HF), determining left ventricular (LV) and interventricular contraction synchrony at baseline and after 6 months of treatment with maximal tolerated doses of carvedilol."	9.11	Effects of carvedilol upon intra- and interventricular synchrony in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Alcaino, H; Bittner, A; Castro, PF; Chiong, M; Copaja, M; Corbalan, R; Díaz-Araya, G; Greig, D; Lavandero, S; Mc-Nab, P; Quintana, JC; Troncoso, R; Vergara, I; Vukasovic, JL, 2005)
"In a parallel-group, 3-arm study of 18 months duration, 572 mild heart failure patients were randomly assigned to carvedilol (N = 191), enalapril (N = 190) or their combination (N = 191)."	9.11	The benefits of early combination treatment of carvedilol and an ACE-inhibitor in mild heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The carvedilol and ACE-inhibitor remodelling mild heart failure evaluation trial (CARMEN). ( Bobbio, M; Hildebrandt, P; Jaarsma, W; Komajda, M; Lutiger, B; Remme, WJ; Riegger, G; Rydén, L; Scherhag, A; Soler-Soler, J, 2004)
"Treatment with carvedilol resulted in a significant improvement in E:A ratio in patients with heart failure due to a LV relaxation abnormality."	9.11	Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC). ( Andersson, B; Bergström, A; Dahlström, U; Edner, M; Nylander, E; Persson, H, 2004)
"The CAPRICORN trial has shown that carvedilol improved outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction treated with ACE inhibitors."	9.11	Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: the CAPRICORN Echo Substudy. ( Doughty, RN; Gamble, GD; López-Sendón, J; Sharpe, N; Walsh, HA; Whalley, GA, 2004)
"The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of carvedilol administered twice daily for 8 months in terms of its effect compared with placebo on a composite measure of clinical outcomes in children with symptomatic systemic ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure."	9.10	The Pediatric Randomized Carvedilol Trial in Children with Heart Failure: rationale and design. ( Boucek, MM; Burch, GH; Burr, J; Curtin, EL; Hsu, DT; LaSalle, B; Mahony, L; Pahl, E; Schlencker-Herceg, R; Shaddy, RE; Sower, B; Tani, LY, 2002)
"Recent studies have shown that carvedilol therapy in patients with heart failure improves clinical outcome and survival, however, the effects of such treatment on left cardiac morphology and function in elderly patients with severe heart failure has not been widely studied."	9.10	Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling and systolic function in elderly patients with heart failure. ( Angori, P; Auteri, A; Bruni, F; Palazzuoli, A; Pasqui, AL; Pastorelli, M; Puccetti, L, 2002)
"Forty-nine patients with predischarge left ventricular ejection fraction <45% after acute myocardial infarction were evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study (selected from the database of the Carvedilol Heart Attack Pilot Study: CHAPS)."	9.09	Carvedilol prevents remodeling in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. ( Basu, S; Kinsey, C; Lahiri, A; Schaeffer, S; Senior, R, 1999)
"We investigated 57 patients with mild to moderate chronic heart failure (48 ischemic, 9 nonischemic) who were randomized in a double-blind fashion to treatment with carvedilol or captopril at maximum doses of 25 mg twice daily for 3 months, followed by 3 months of combined treatment."	9.09	Regression of left ventricular remodeling in chronic heart failure: Comparative and combined effects of captopril and carvedilol. ( Khattar, RS; Lahiri, A; Senior, R; Soman, P; van der Does, R, 2001)
"This study was to assess effects of carvedilol on ventricular remodeling and expression of β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) and Gi protein in a rat model of diabetes subjected to myocardial infarction (MI)."	7.83	Effects of carvedilol on ventricular remodeling and the expression of β3-adrenergic receptor in a diabetic rat model subjected myocardial infarction. ( Fu, L; Kang, X; Shen, J; Wang, F; Wang, Y; Yu, P; Zhang, R, 2016)
"This 2-year comparative study of EchoCG data dynamics included 230 CHD patients after primary non-Q-wave myocardial infarction of whom 76 were treated with A CE inhibitor perindopril throughout the study period (group 1) and 72 with perindopril and carvedilol (non-selective alpha-1, beta-1,2 adrenergic receptor blocker) (group 2)."	7.77	[Effects of long-term therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and carvedilol on the heart remodeling process after non-Q-wave myocardial infarction]. ( Bakaev, RG; Chudnovskaia, EA; Glazunov, AB; Kallaeva, AN; Kochetkov, BM; Moshkova, NK; Pekhtereva, DA; Strutynskiĭ, AV; Voronina, MA, 2011)
"We hypothesized that carvedilol, a nonselective β-blocker, can exert antiarrhythmogenic effects by inhibiting sympathetic nerve sprouting and electrical remodeling at peri-infarct zones after myocardial infarction (MI)."	7.76	Carvedilol ameliorates sympathetic nerve sprouting and electrical remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. ( He, B; Hu, X; Huang, C; Jiang, H; Lu, Z; Tang, Q; Wen, H, 2010)
" Treatment of myocardial infarction rabbits with carvedilol could restore it partially (5."	7.73	The beta-adrenergic blocker carvedilol restores L-type calcium current in a myocardial infarction model of rabbit. ( Cao, F; Huang, CX; Jiang, H; Li, X; Wang, T, 2005)
"To investigate the effects of carvedilol, irbesartan and their combination on myocardial collagen network remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	7.73	[Experimental study of effect of carvedilol on myocardial collagen network remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Bian, SY; Liu, HB; Wang, L; Yang, TS; Yang, X; Yi, J, 2005)
"It has been verified that losartan has beneficial effects on ventricular remodeling (VRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the effects of carvedilol alone or in combination with losartan on this condition have not been defined."	7.72	Comparative effects of carvedilol and losartan alone and in combination for preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats. ( Chen, JL; Chen, ZJ; Gao, RL; Ruan, YM; Tang, YD; Wang, PH; Yang, YJ; Zhang, P; Zhou, YW, 2003)
"Carvedilol (20 mg/kg, bid) or vehicle was given to rats surviving a myocardial infarction (MI) 24 h (n = 409)."	7.71	Long-term effects of carvedilol on left ventricular function, remodeling, and expression of cardiac cytokines after large myocardial infarction in the rat. ( Adam, A; Liu, P; Parker, TG; Rouleau, JL; Sia, YT; Tsoporis, JN, 2002)
"Although carvedilol attenuates left ventricular (LV) remodeling in coronary occlusion-reperfusion, it is not known whether it attenuates ischemic LV remodeling because of coronary stenosis (CS) or permanent coronary occlusion (CO)."	7.71	Different effects of carvedilol, metoprolol, and propranolol on left ventricular remodeling after coronary stenosis or after permanent coronary occlusion in rats. ( Maehara, K; Maruyama, Y; Sakabe, A; Yaoita, H, 2002)
"To compare the effects of carvedilol and metoprolol in preventing from left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	7.71	[Comparative effects of carvedilol and metoprolol in preventing from left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Chen, JL; Chen, ZJ; Gao, RL; Lu, SQ; Ruan, YM; Sun, RC; Tang, YD; Wang, PH; Yang, YJ; Zhang, P, 2001)
"To compare the effects of cilazapril, carvedilol and their combination in preventing left ventricular remodelling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	7.71	Comparative effects of cilazapril, carvedilol and their combination in preventing from left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in rats. ( Chen, J; Chen, Z; Gao, R; Li, Y; Ruan, Y; Tang, Y; Yang, Y; Zhou, Y, 2002)
"To compare the effects of carvedilol, losartan and their combination in preventing from left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in rats."	7.71	[Comparative effects of carvedilol, losartan and their combination in preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Chen, Z; Gao, R; Li, Y; Ruan, Y; Tang, Y; Yang, Y, 2001)
"To assess the safety and efficacy of carvedilol when administered to heart failure patients already receiving amiodarone."	7.70	Impact of concurrent amiodarone treatment on the tolerability and efficacy of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Aboyoun, C; Amor, R; Keogh, AM; Lund, M; Macdonald, PS; McCaffrey, D, 1999)
"Beta-blockers are mainstay of current treatment of heart failure (HF)."	6.75	Role of beta-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms in the long-term effects of beta-blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Bettari, L; Bugatti, S; Covolo, L; Dei Cas, L; Donato, F; Gelatti, U; Giubbini, R; Lombardi, C; Metra, M; Pezzali, N; Romeo, A; Zacà, V, 2010)
"35 +/- 1 months, the daily dosage of carvedilol was 49."	5.32	Effects of carvedilol on ventriculo-arterial coupling in patients with heart failure. ( Boffa, GM; Iliceto, S; Orlando, S; Razzolini, R; Tarantini, G, 2004)
"Bisoprolol fumarate (bisoprolol) is a β-blocker widely used to treat chronic heart failure (CHF)."	5.19	Efficacy and safety of bisoprolol fumarate compared with carvedilol in Japanese patients with chronic heart failure: results of the randomized, controlled, double-blind, Multistep Administration of bisoprolol IN Chronic Heart Failure II (MAIN-CHF II) stud ( Hori, M; Izumi, T; Matsuzaki, M; Nagai, R, 2014)
"Twenty-nine patients (63+/-12 years old) with New York Heart Association class II-III heart failure underwent serial measurements of left ventricular volumes using 3-dimensional echocardiography and blood pressures by sphygmomanometry at baseline, 2 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months after initiation of carvedilol."	5.14	Mechanisms underlying improvements in ejection fraction with carvedilol in heart failure. ( Burkhoff, D; El-Khoury Rumbarger, L; King, DL; Maurer, MS; Sackner-Bernstein, JD; Yushak, M, 2009)
"The CAPRICORN trial has shown that carvedilol improved outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction treated with ACE inhibitors."	5.11	Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: the CAPRICORN Echo Substudy. ( Doughty, RN; Gamble, GD; López-Sendón, J; Sharpe, N; Walsh, HA; Whalley, GA, 2004)
"In a parallel-group, 3-arm study of 18 months duration, 572 mild heart failure patients were randomly assigned to carvedilol (N = 191), enalapril (N = 190) or their combination (N = 191)."	5.11	The benefits of early combination treatment of carvedilol and an ACE-inhibitor in mild heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The carvedilol and ACE-inhibitor remodelling mild heart failure evaluation trial (CARMEN). ( Bobbio, M; Hildebrandt, P; Jaarsma, W; Komajda, M; Lutiger, B; Remme, WJ; Riegger, G; Rydén, L; Scherhag, A; Soler-Soler, J, 2004)
"Radionuclide isotopic ventriculography with phase analysis was performed in 30 patients with stable heart failure (HF), determining left ventricular (LV) and interventricular contraction synchrony at baseline and after 6 months of treatment with maximal tolerated doses of carvedilol."	5.11	Effects of carvedilol upon intra- and interventricular synchrony in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Alcaino, H; Bittner, A; Castro, PF; Chiong, M; Copaja, M; Corbalan, R; Díaz-Araya, G; Greig, D; Lavandero, S; Mc-Nab, P; Quintana, JC; Troncoso, R; Vergara, I; Vukasovic, JL, 2005)
"Treatment with carvedilol resulted in a significant improvement in E:A ratio in patients with heart failure due to a LV relaxation abnormality."	5.11	Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC). ( Andersson, B; Bergström, A; Dahlström, U; Edner, M; Nylander, E; Persson, H, 2004)
"The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of carvedilol administered twice daily for 8 months in terms of its effect compared with placebo on a composite measure of clinical outcomes in children with symptomatic systemic ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure."	5.10	The Pediatric Randomized Carvedilol Trial in Children with Heart Failure: rationale and design. ( Boucek, MM; Burch, GH; Burr, J; Curtin, EL; Hsu, DT; LaSalle, B; Mahony, L; Pahl, E; Schlencker-Herceg, R; Shaddy, RE; Sower, B; Tani, LY, 2002)
"Recent studies have shown that carvedilol therapy in patients with heart failure improves clinical outcome and survival, however, the effects of such treatment on left cardiac morphology and function in elderly patients with severe heart failure has not been widely studied."	5.10	Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling and systolic function in elderly patients with heart failure. ( Angori, P; Auteri, A; Bruni, F; Palazzuoli, A; Pasqui, AL; Pastorelli, M; Puccetti, L, 2002)
"We investigated 57 patients with mild to moderate chronic heart failure (48 ischemic, 9 nonischemic) who were randomized in a double-blind fashion to treatment with carvedilol or captopril at maximum doses of 25 mg twice daily for 3 months, followed by 3 months of combined treatment."	5.09	Regression of left ventricular remodeling in chronic heart failure: Comparative and combined effects of captopril and carvedilol. ( Khattar, RS; Lahiri, A; Senior, R; Soman, P; van der Does, R, 2001)
"Aspirin significantly affects the changes in LVEF over time in patients with heart failure and systolic dysfunction treated with carvedilol."	5.09	Aspirin impairs reverse myocardial remodeling in patients with heart failure treated with beta-blockers. ( Bristow, MR; Lindenfeld, J; Lowes, BD; Robertson, AD, 2001)
"Forty-nine patients with predischarge left ventricular ejection fraction <45% after acute myocardial infarction were evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study (selected from the database of the Carvedilol Heart Attack Pilot Study: CHAPS)."	5.09	Carvedilol prevents remodeling in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. ( Basu, S; Kinsey, C; Lahiri, A; Schaeffer, S; Senior, R, 1999)
"The historical choice of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition as first-line therapy in heart failure is challenged by early activation of the sympathetic system and multiple ways beta blockade (in particular, unselective agents such as carvedilol) may affect cardiac remodeling, its underlying mechanisms, and, hence, progression of heart failure, compared with ACE inhibition."	4.84	Beta blockers or angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker: what should be first? ( Remme, WJ, 2007)
" The remodeling effect of beta-blockade with carvedilol has been studied in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction and in patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology."	4.82	Cardiac remodeling in coronary artery disease. ( Sharpe, N, 2004)
"This study was to assess effects of carvedilol on ventricular remodeling and expression of β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) and Gi protein in a rat model of diabetes subjected to myocardial infarction (MI)."	3.83	Effects of carvedilol on ventricular remodeling and the expression of β3-adrenergic receptor in a diabetic rat model subjected myocardial infarction. ( Fu, L; Kang, X; Shen, J; Wang, F; Wang, Y; Yu, P; Zhang, R, 2016)
"The left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and the treatment with carvedilol in infants with severe heart failure remain poorly understood."	3.83	Left ventricular reverse remodeling with infantile dilated cardiomyopathy and pitfalls of carvedilol therapy. ( Abe, T; Iwasa, T; Negishi, J; Noritake, K; Tsuda, E, 2016)
"This 2-year comparative study of EchoCG data dynamics included 230 CHD patients after primary non-Q-wave myocardial infarction of whom 76 were treated with A CE inhibitor perindopril throughout the study period (group 1) and 72 with perindopril and carvedilol (non-selective alpha-1, beta-1,2 adrenergic receptor blocker) (group 2)."	3.77	[Effects of long-term therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and carvedilol on the heart remodeling process after non-Q-wave myocardial infarction]. ( Bakaev, RG; Chudnovskaia, EA; Glazunov, AB; Kallaeva, AN; Kochetkov, BM; Moshkova, NK; Pekhtereva, DA; Strutynskiĭ, AV; Voronina, MA, 2011)
"We hypothesized that carvedilol, a nonselective β-blocker, can exert antiarrhythmogenic effects by inhibiting sympathetic nerve sprouting and electrical remodeling at peri-infarct zones after myocardial infarction (MI)."	3.76	Carvedilol ameliorates sympathetic nerve sprouting and electrical remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. ( He, B; Hu, X; Huang, C; Jiang, H; Lu, Z; Tang, Q; Wen, H, 2010)
" Thus, we sought to investigate the effects of a potent beta-blocker, carvedilol, on LV remodelling and function following SVR in rats with myocardial infarction."	3.76	Carvedilol may alleviate late cardiac remodelling following surgical ventricular restoration. ( Ikeda, T; Komeda, M; Marui, A; Muranaka, H; Nishina, T; Tsukashita, M; Wang, J; Yoshikawa, E, 2010)
"To assess the effect of the adrenergic receptor blocker carvedilol on the pulmonary circulation and right heart in experimental pulmonary hypertension in rats."	3.76	Adrenergic receptor blockade reverses right heart remodeling and dysfunction in pulmonary hypertensive rats. ( Abbate, A; Bogaard, HJ; Chang, PJ; Chau, VQ; Hoke, NN; Kasper, M; Kraskauskas, D; Mizuno, S; Natarajan, R; Salloum, FN; Voelkel, NF, 2010)
"Two echocardiology studies were conducted to determine the effects of carvedilol treatment on cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction."	3.74	Carvedilol prevents and reverses hypertrophy-induced cardiac dysfunction. ( Barone, FC; Brooks, DP; Coatney, RW; Nelson, AH; Ohlstein, EH; Willette, RN, 2007)
" Carvedilol is more effective than Metoprolol for improving the hemodynamics and in attenuating ventricular remodeling after heart failure."	3.74	Effect of beta-blockers on beta3-adrenoceptor expression in chronic heart failure. ( Chen, GW; Jiang, ZF; Lin, Y; Wang, LX; Wu, TG; Zhao, Q, 2007)
"To investigate the effects of carvedilol, irbesartan and their combination on myocardial collagen network remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	3.73	[Experimental study of effect of carvedilol on myocardial collagen network remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Bian, SY; Liu, HB; Wang, L; Yang, TS; Yang, X; Yi, J, 2005)
"We investigated the change of LV remodeling and function in a rat model of heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI) with or without carvedilol (30 mg/kg/d) or metoprolol (60 mg/kg/d) treatment for 6 weeks (n = 9 in the MI plus carvedilol group, and n = 8 in every other group)."	3.73	Effect of beta-blockers on cardiac function and calcium handling protein in postinfarction heart failure rats. ( Hu, SJ; Hu, Y; Sun, YL; Wang, LH; Zhou, JY, 2005)
" Treatment of myocardial infarction rabbits with carvedilol could restore it partially (5."	3.73	The beta-adrenergic blocker carvedilol restores L-type calcium current in a myocardial infarction model of rabbit. ( Cao, F; Huang, CX; Jiang, H; Li, X; Wang, T, 2005)
"The dose-related beneficial effects of carvedilol on survival in heart failure have been verified, however, the effects on left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been defined."	3.72	Comparison of metoprolol with low, middle and high doses of carvedilol in prevention of postinfarction left ventricular remodeling in rats. ( Chen, J; Chen, Z; Gao, R; Ruan, Y; Tang, Y; Wang, Y; Yang, Y, 2003)
"It has been verified that losartan has beneficial effects on ventricular remodeling (VRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the effects of carvedilol alone or in combination with losartan on this condition have not been defined."	3.72	Comparative effects of carvedilol and losartan alone and in combination for preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats. ( Chen, JL; Chen, ZJ; Gao, RL; Ruan, YM; Tang, YD; Wang, PH; Yang, YJ; Zhang, P; Zhou, YW, 2003)
"To compare the effects of carvedilol, losartan and their combination in preventing from left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in rats."	3.71	[Comparative effects of carvedilol, losartan and their combination in preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Chen, Z; Gao, R; Li, Y; Ruan, Y; Tang, Y; Yang, Y, 2001)
"To compare the effects of carvedilol and metoprolol in preventing from left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	3.71	[Comparative effects of carvedilol and metoprolol in preventing from left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Chen, JL; Chen, ZJ; Gao, RL; Lu, SQ; Ruan, YM; Sun, RC; Tang, YD; Wang, PH; Yang, YJ; Zhang, P, 2001)
"To compare the effects of carvedilol in large, middle, or small dose in preventing left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	3.71	[Comparative effects of carvediol in large, middle, and small dose in preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. ( Tang, Y; Yang, Y; Zhang, P, 2001)
"Carvedilol (20 mg/kg, bid) or vehicle was given to rats surviving a myocardial infarction (MI) 24 h (n = 409)."	3.71	Long-term effects of carvedilol on left ventricular function, remodeling, and expression of cardiac cytokines after large myocardial infarction in the rat. ( Adam, A; Liu, P; Parker, TG; Rouleau, JL; Sia, YT; Tsoporis, JN, 2002)
"Although carvedilol attenuates left ventricular (LV) remodeling in coronary occlusion-reperfusion, it is not known whether it attenuates ischemic LV remodeling because of coronary stenosis (CS) or permanent coronary occlusion (CO)."	3.71	Different effects of carvedilol, metoprolol, and propranolol on left ventricular remodeling after coronary stenosis or after permanent coronary occlusion in rats. ( Maehara, K; Maruyama, Y; Sakabe, A; Yaoita, H, 2002)
"To compare the effects of cilazapril, carvedilol and their combination in preventing left ventricular remodelling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats."	3.71	Comparative effects of cilazapril, carvedilol and their combination in preventing from left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in rats. ( Chen, J; Chen, Z; Gao, R; Li, Y; Ruan, Y; Tang, Y; Yang, Y; Zhou, Y, 2002)
"We sought to compare the effects of two different beta-blockers, carvedilol and metoprolol, to an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (captopril) on myocardial collagen deposition during healing and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI)."	3.70	Effect of carvedilol in comparison with metoprolol on myocardial collagen postinfarction. ( Chow, LT; Sanderson, JE; Wei, S, 2000)
"To assess the safety and efficacy of carvedilol when administered to heart failure patients already receiving amiodarone."	3.70	Impact of concurrent amiodarone treatment on the tolerability and efficacy of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Aboyoun, C; Amor, R; Keogh, AM; Lund, M; Macdonald, PS; McCaffrey, D, 1999)
"Carvedilol has established its evidence to improve prognosis and facilitate left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) in heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and many studies have supported its dose-dependency."	2.82	High Dose β-Blocker Therapy Triggers Additional Reverse Remodeling in Patients With Idiopathic Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. ( Imamura, T; Kato, NP; Kinugawa, K; Komuro, I; Nitta, D, 2016)
"Reverse ventricular remodeling obtained with carvedilol, ramipril/candesartan, and spironolacton is associated with decreases in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, tenascin-C levels, and NT-proBNP levels."	2.78	Tenascin-C as predictor of left ventricular remodeling and mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. ( Akpek, M; Kaya, EG; Kaya, MG; Lam, YY; Sarli, B; Topsakal, R, 2013)
"Beta-blockers are mainstay of current treatment of heart failure (HF)."	2.75	Role of beta-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms in the long-term effects of beta-blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Bettari, L; Bugatti, S; Covolo, L; Dei Cas, L; Donato, F; Gelatti, U; Giubbini, R; Lombardi, C; Metra, M; Pezzali, N; Romeo, A; Zacà, V, 2010)
"Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to twice-daily dosing with placebo, low-dose carvedilol (0."	2.73	Carvedilol for children and adolescents with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. ( Blume, ED; Boucek, MM; Boucek, RJ; Burr, J; Canter, CE; Dodd, DA; Holubkov, R; Hsu, DT; LaSalle, B; Lukas, MA; Mahony, L; Pahl, E; Rosenthal, DN; Ross, RD; Shaddy, RE; Tani, LY, 2007)
"Carvedilol was adiministered for 4 weeks starting at week 13."	1.56	Carvedilol Diminishes Cardiac Remodeling Induced by High-Fructose/High-Fat Diet in Mice via Enhancing Cardiac β-Arrestin2 Signaling. ( Ibrahim, IAAE; Ibrahim, WS; Mahmoud, AAA; Mahmoud, MF, 2020)
"We here report a HF patient with left bundle branch block due to nonischemic cardiomyopathy who did not respond to 20 mg/day of carvedilol in terms of LVRR."	1.42	Reverse Remodeling Achieved by Combination Therapy With High-Dose Beta Blocker and Cardiac Resynchronization. ( Imamura, T; Kinugawa, K; Muraoka, H, 2015)
"Severe aortic regurgitation was induced by retrograde puncture of the aortic valve leaflets under sonographic guidance in 12-week-old male C57BL/6J mice."	1.42	Characterization of coronary flow reserve and left ventricular remodeling in a mouse model of chronic aortic regurgitation with carvedilol intervention. ( Ge, J; Qian, J; Wang, X; Wu, J; You, J; Zhu, D; Zou, Y, 2015)
"Carvedilol was started in week 2 post MR induction and given for 23 to 35 weeks in the β-blockade group."	1.39	Effects of early, late, and long-term nonselective β-blockade on left ventricular remodeling, function, and survival in chronic organic mitral regurgitation. ( Davidson, WR; Gao, Z; Pu, DK; Pu, M, 2013)
"Forty-two patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy treated with the therapy were studied."	1.37	Effect of left ventricular reverse remodeling on long-term prognosis after therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and β blockers in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. ( Doi, YL; Furuno, T; Hoshikawa, E; Kitaoka, H; Kubo, T; Matsumura, Y; Okawa, M; Takata, J; Yamasaki, N, 2011)
"35 +/- 1 months, the daily dosage of carvedilol was 49."	1.32	Effects of carvedilol on ventriculo-arterial coupling in patients with heart failure. ( Boffa, GM; Iliceto, S; Orlando, S; Razzolini, R; Tarantini, G, 2004)
" Thus, it is necessary to titrate the dosage of carvedilol, it should be initiated at less than 0."	1.31	Cardiovascular and renal effects of carvedilol in dogs with heart failure. ( Ishikawa, Y; Sasaki, T; Uechi, M; Ueno, K; Yamamoto, T, 2002)

Research

Studies (95)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Proportion of Participants With Average Adherence > 90%

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	3 (3.16)	18.2507
2000's	53 (55.79)	29.6817
2010's	37 (38.95)	24.3611
2020's	2 (2.11)	2.80

Authors	Studies
McCutcheon, K	1
Dickens, C	1
van Pelt, J	1
Dix-Peek, T	1
Grinter, S	1
McCutcheon, L	1
Patel, A	1
Hale, M	1
Tsabedze, N	1
Vachiat, A	1
Zachariah, D	1
Duarte, R	1
Janssens, S	1
Manga, P	1
Adachi, M	1
Watanabe, M	1
Kurata, Y	1
Inoue, Y	1
Notsu, T	1
Yamamoto, K	2
Horie, H	1
Tanno, S	1
Morita, M	1
Miake, J	1
Hamada, T	1
Kuwabara, M	1
Nakasone, N	1
Ninomiya, H	1
Tsuneto, M	1
Shirayoshi, Y	1
Yoshida, A	1
Nishimura, M	1
Hisatome, I	1
Ibrahim, WS	1
Ibrahim, IAAE	1
Mahmoud, MF	1
Mahmoud, AAA	1
Aonuma, T	1
Moukette, B	1
Kawaguchi, S	1
Barupala, NP	1
Sepúlveda, MN	1
Corr, C	1
Tang, Y	5
Liangpunsakul, S	1
Payne, RM	1
Willis, MS	1
Kim, IM	1
Yi, R	1
Xiangyu, G	1
Min, S	1
Yoshihisa, A	1
Huang, S	1
Zhao, Q	2
Yang, ZG	1
Diao, KY	1
He, Y	1
Shi, K	1
Shen, MT	1
Fu, H	1
Guo, YK	1
Kida, K	1
Yoneyama, K	1
Kobayashi, Y	1
Takano, M	1
Akashi, YJ	1
Miyake, F	1
Chen, J	4
Huang, C	2
Zhang, B	1
Huang, Q	1
Xu, L	1
Sarli, B	2
Topsakal, R	2
Kaya, EG	2
Akpek, M	2
Lam, YY	2
Kaya, MG	2
Hori, M	1
Nagai, R	1
Izumi, T	1
Matsuzaki, M	1
Pu, M	1
Gao, Z	1
Pu, DK	1
Davidson, WR	1
Vanzelli, AS	2
Medeiros, A	2
Rolim, N	1
Bartholomeu, JB	1
Cunha, TF	1
Bechara, LR	1
Bechara, LG	1
Gomes, ER	1
Mattos, KC	1
Sirvente, R	1
Salemi, VM	3
Salemi, V	1
Mady, C	3
Negrao, CE	1
Guatimosim, S	1
Brum, PC	2
Borer, JS	1
Yarlioglues, M	1
Tanaka, H	1
Matsumoto, K	1
Sawa, T	1
Miyoshi, T	1
Motoji, Y	1
Imanishi, J	1
Mochizuki, Y	1
Tatsumi, K	1
Hirata, K	1
Ikeda, Y	2
Inomata, T	2
Iida, Y	2
Iwamoto-Ishida, M	2
Nabeta, T	2
Ishii, S	2
Sato, T	1
Yanagisawa, T	1
Mizutani, T	2
Naruke, T	2
Koitabashi, T	2
Takeuchi, I	2
Nishii, M	1
Ako, J	2
Wang, X	1
Wu, J	1
Zhu, D	1
You, J	1
Zou, Y	1
Qian, J	1
Ge, J	1
Muraoka, H	1
Imamura, T	2
Kinugawa, K	2
Shinagawa, H	1
Tsuda, E	1
Negishi, J	1
Noritake, K	1
Iwasa, T	1
Abe, T	1
Zhang, R	1
Kang, X	1
Wang, Y	2
Wang, F	1
Yu, P	1
Shen, J	1
Fu, L	1
Armenian, SH	1
Hudson, MM	1
Chen, MH	1
Colan, SD	1
Lindenfeld, L	1
Mills, G	1
Siyahian, A	1
Gelehrter, S	1
Dang, H	1
Hein, W	1
Green, DM	1
Robison, LL	1
Wong, FL	1
Douglas, PS	1
Bhatia, S	1
Nitta, D	1
Kato, NP	1
Komuro, I	1
Yoshikawa, E	1
Marui, A	1
Tsukashita, M	1
Nishina, T	1
Wang, J	1
Muranaka, H	1
Ikeda, T	1
Komeda, M	1
Maurer, MS	1
Sackner-Bernstein, JD	1
El-Khoury Rumbarger, L	1
Yushak, M	1
King, DL	1
Burkhoff, D	1
Metra, M	1
Covolo, L	1
Pezzali, N	1
Zacà, V	1
Bugatti, S	1
Lombardi, C	1
Bettari, L	1
Romeo, A	1
Gelatti, U	1
Giubbini, R	1
Donato, F	1
Dei Cas, L	1
Wen, H	1
Jiang, H	2
Lu, Z	1
Hu, X	1
He, B	1
Tang, Q	1
Afanas'ev, SA	1
Kondrat'eva, DS	1
Putrova, OD	1
Perchatkin, VA	1
Repin, AN	1
Popov, SV	1
Zakirova, AN	1
Abdiukova, ER	1
Bogaard, HJ	1
Natarajan, R	1
Mizuno, S	1
Abbate, A	1
Chang, PJ	1
Chau, VQ	1
Hoke, NN	1
Kraskauskas, D	1
Kasper, M	1
Salloum, FN	1
Voelkel, NF	1
Remme, WJ	7
Chen, WQ	1
Cai, H	1
Zhang, C	1
Ji, XP	1
Zhang, Y	1
Sirvente, Rde A	1
O-Uchi, J	1
Lopes, CM	1
Cimmino, G	1
Ibanez, B	1
Giannarelli, C	1
Prat-González, S	1
Hutter, R	1
Garcia, M	1
Sanz, J	1
Fuster, V	1
Badimon, JJ	1
Hoshikawa, E	1
Matsumura, Y	1
Kubo, T	1
Okawa, M	1
Yamasaki, N	1
Kitaoka, H	1
Furuno, T	1
Takata, J	1
Doi, YL	1
Bakaev, RG	1
Strutynskiĭ, AV	1
Kallaeva, AN	1
Glazunov, AB	1
Voronina, MA	1
Pekhtereva, DA	1
Moshkova, NK	1
Chudnovskaia, EA	1
Kochetkov, BM	1
Giardini, A	1
Lovato, L	1
Donti, A	1
Formigari, R	1
Gargiulo, G	1
Picchio, FM	1
Fattori, R	1
Chen, B	1
Li, Y	3
Jiang, S	1
Xie, YP	1
Guo, A	1
Kutschke, W	1
Zimmerman, K	1
Weiss, RM	1
Miller, FJ	1
Anderson, ME	1
Song, LS	1
Pimentel, Wde S	1
Ramires, FJ	1
Lanni, BM	1
Bilate, AM	1
Cunha-Neto, E	1
Oliveira, AM	1
Fernandes, F	1
Uechi, M	1
Sasaki, T	1
Ueno, K	1
Yamamoto, T	1
Ishikawa, Y	1
Shaddy, RE	2
Curtin, EL	1
Sower, B	1
Tani, LY	2
Burr, J	2
LaSalle, B	2
Boucek, MM	2
Mahony, L	2
Hsu, DT	2
Pahl, E	2
Burch, GH	1
Schlencker-Herceg, R	1
Palazzuoli, A	1
Bruni, F	1
Puccetti, L	1
Pastorelli, M	1
Angori, P	1
Pasqui, AL	1
Auteri, A	1
Yang, YJ	2
Tang, YD	2
Ruan, YM	2
Zhang, P	3
Zhou, YW	1
Wang, PH	2
Gao, RL	2
Chen, JL	2
Chen, ZJ	2
Arnold, RH	1
Kotlyar, E	2
Hayward, C	1
Keogh, AM	3
Macdonald, PS	3
Lu, SQ	1
Sun, RC	1
Köszegi, Z	1
Balogh, E	1
Doughty, RN	1
Whalley, GA	1
Walsh, HA	1
Gamble, GD	1
López-Sendón, J	1
Sharpe, N	2
Yang, Y	4
Ruan, Y	3
Gao, R	3
Chen, Z	3
Riegger, G	2
Hildebrandt, P	2
Komajda, M	2
Jaarsma, W	2
Bobbio, M	2
Soler-Soler, J	2
Scherhag, A	2
Lutiger, B	2
Rydén, L	3
Udelson, JE	1
Gheorghiade, M	1
Lukas, MA	2
Bergström, A	1
Andersson, B	1
Edner, M	1
Nylander, E	1
Persson, H	1
Dahlström, U	1
Madeira, H	1
Thygesen, K	1
Bellenger, NG	1
Rajappan, K	1
Rahman, SL	1
Lahiri, A	3
Raval, U	1
Webster, J	1
Murray, GD	1
Coats, AJ	1
Cleland, JG	1
Pennell, DJ	1
Hayward, CS	1
Feneley, M	1
Wang, JK	1
Cui, CC	1
Zhang, H	1
Yao, QH	1
Yao, XW	1
Chen, XY	1
Razzolini, R	1
Tarantini, G	1
Boffa, GM	1
Orlando, S	1
Iliceto, S	1
Li, X	1
Huang, CX	1
Cao, F	1
Wang, T	1
Cinquegrana, G	1
D'Aniello, L	1
Landi, M	1
Spinelli, L	1
Grande, G	1
De Prisco, F	1
Petretta, M	1
Castro, PF	1
Mc-Nab, P	1
Quintana, JC	1
Bittner, A	1
Greig, D	1
Vergara, I	1
Vukasovic, JL	1
Corbalan, R	1
Copaja, M	1
Díaz-Araya, G	1
Chiong, M	1
Troncoso, R	1
Alcaino, H	1
Lavandero, S	1
Rahko, PS	1
Belenkov, IuN	1
Belianko, IE	1
Gerasimova, VV	1
Dolotov, VK	1
Konstantinov, BA	1
Koroteev, AV	1
Kulagina, TIu	1
Mareev, VIu	1
Rebunenkov, GV	1
Sandrikov, VA	1
Skvortsov, AA	1
Sychev, AV	1
Tereshchenko, SN	1
Khovrin, VV	1
Liu, HB	1
Bian, SY	1
Yang, TS	1
Wang, L	1
Yi, J	1
Yang, X	1
Sun, YL	1
Hu, SJ	1
Wang, LH	1
Hu, Y	1
Zhou, JY	1
Williams, RE	1
Kasama, S	1
Toyama, T	1
Hatori, T	1
Sumino, H	1
Kumakura, H	1
Takayama, Y	1
Ichikawa, S	1
Suzuki, T	1
Kurabayashi, M	1
Wu, TG	1
Jiang, ZF	1
Chen, GW	1
Lin, Y	1
Wang, LX	1
Gandhi, PS	1
Goyal, RK	1
Jain, AR	1
Mallya, BS	1
Gupta, VM	1
Shah, DS	1
Trivedi, BR	1
Shastri, NA	1
Mehta, CB	1
Jain, KA	1
Bhavasar, NS	1
Shah, UJ	1
Shimamoto, K	1
Kawana, M	1
Barone, FC	1
Willette, RN	1
Nelson, AH	1
Ohlstein, EH	1
Brooks, DP	1
Coatney, RW	1
Boucek, RJ	1
Canter, CE	1
Ross, RD	1
Blume, ED	1
Dodd, DA	1
Rosenthal, DN	1
Holubkov, R	1
Malfatto, G	1
Branzi, G	1
Ciambellotti, F	1
Valli, P	1
Bizzi, C	1
Facchini, M	1
Witte, KK	1
Clark, AL	1
Senior, R	2
Basu, S	1
Kinsey, C	1
Schaeffer, S	1
Aboyoun, C	1
Lund, M	1
Amor, R	1
McCaffrey, D	1
Barth, W	1
Deten, A	2
Bauer, M	1
Reinohs, M	1
Leicht, M	2
Zimmer, HG	2
Wei, S	1
Chow, LT	1
Sanderson, JE	1
Khattar, RS	1
Soman, P	1
van der Does, R	1
Briest, W	1
Hölzl, A	1
Rassler, B	1
Baba, HA	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Beta-Blockade in Chronic Mitral Regurgitation: Moving From the Laboratory Experiment to Clinical Investigation[NCT00700947]	Phase 1	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Terminated (stopped due to Funding terminated)
Pharmacologic Reversal of Ventricular Remodeling in Childhood Cancer Survivors at Risk for Heart Failure (PREVENT-HF): A Phase 2b Randomized Placebo-Controlled (Carvedilol) Trial[NCT02717507]	Phase 2	196 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-04	Active, not recruiting
A Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, 8-Month Study of the Effect of Twice Daily Carvedilol in Children With Congestive Heart Failure Due to Systemic Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction[NCT00052026]	Phase 3	161 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-05-31	Completed
A Multicenter,Randomized, Double Blind, Double Dummy, Parallel Group Study to Compare Effects of Coreg CR and Coreg IR on Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume Index in Subjects With Stable Chronic Heart Failure[NCT00323037]	Phase 3	318 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-03-31	Completed
A Mechanistic Study to Assess The Role of Chronotropic Incompetence in Heart Failure With Normal Ejection Fraction (HFNEF)[NCT02354573]		121 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
Characterization of Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis and Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Cardiac MRI In Heart Failure: Implication on Early Remodeling and on the Transition to Heart Failure[NCT03084679]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

The number of pills taken out of the total prescribed in a 3-month period, averaged across all study time points. The proportion of participants with average adherence rate >90% is computed by arm and corresponding 95% confidence intervals are reported. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Average adherence across 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation are calculated.

Proportion of Patients With Reportable Adverse Events as Described in the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).

Intervention	proportion of participants (Number)
Arm I (Carvedilol)	0.483
Arm II (Placebo)	0.517

Patients with toxicities reported via CTEP-AERS and all Grade ≥ 2 adverse events (AEs) that can be attributed probably or definitely to the study drug are considered to have AEs. The proportion of patients with AEs are reported by arm with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: From baseline to month 24 since baseline

"Proportion of Patients Who Responded Moderately, Quite a Bit, or Extremely to How Bothersome the Symptom of DIARRHEA Was at Any Post-day 0 Assessment Time Point."

Intervention	Proportion of patients with AE (Number)
Arm I (Carvedilol)	0.0267
Arm II (Placebo)	0

"In a questionnaire, patients responded Yes/No to certain symptoms. If answered Yes, they selected slightly, moderately, quite a bit, or extremely regarding how bothersome the symptom was. The proportion of participants responding with any of these three categories was calculated by arm, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals are reported." (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: responses at days 14 to 730 were combined

Average Alanine Aminotransferase

Intervention	Proportion of patients (Number)
	Diarrhea	Skin rash	Itchy skin	Dry Mouth	Easy bruising	Nosebleeds	Sunburn easily	Weight gain	Fluid retention	Swollen feet	Increased sweating	Feeling weak in parts of your body	Shortness of breath or wheezing	Chest pain or heaviness	Heart racing or skipping beats	Feeling shaky or having tremors	Decreased bodily movement	Feeling nervous	Feeling downhearted, sad, and/or tearful	Mood swings	Dizziness and/or lightheadedness	Dizziness upon standing (from sitting or lying down)	Insomnia	Difficulty concentrating	Interrupted sleep	Tendency to take naps	TiredwheezingFeeling unusually tired	Falling asleep at inappropriate times	Ringing in the ears	Difficulty breathing	Sensation that I have to urinate much of the time	Discoloration of urine (ie, bloody)	Decreased libido	Unusually heavy menstrual flows (N/A if postmenopausal or male)
Arm I (Carvedilol)	0.0533	0.0933	0.1467	0.0667	0.0133	0.0667	0.0933	0.0533	0.0267	0	0.0933	0.0933	0.0933	0.08	0.08	0.0533	0.0133	0.1467	0.2	0.12	0.16	0.1467	0.1733	0.1067	0.2	0.12	0.2267	0.0267	0.0533	0.0267	0.0667	0	0.0667	0.2
Arm II (Placebo)	0.1316	0.0789	0.1447	0.1711	0.0921	0.0526	0.0526	0.0789	0.0395	0.0921	0.0789	0.1316	0.0395	0.0921	0.0395	0.0789	0.0395	0.1711	0.1184	0.0921	0.1316	0.1579	0.1711	0.1316	0.2105	0.1053	0.2237	0.0395	0.0921	0	0.0789	0.0395	0.0526	0.111

A liver function measurement (in U/L). Normal range is 8-48 IU/L. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Aspartate Aminotransferase

Intervention	IU/L (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	29.122	28.014	30.148	27.196	29.86
Arm II (Placebo)	30.467	32.158	31.155	30.536	29.245

A liver function measurement (in U/L). Normal range is 14-20 for men, 10-36 for women. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Bilirubin

Intervention	IU/L (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	26.608	24.068	25.426	24.375	24.561
Arm II (Placebo)	25.773	26.342	27.014	28.411	27.038

A liver function measurement (in mg/dL). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Cardiac N-terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	0.5634	0.5973	0.563	0.593	0.5561
Arm II (Placebo)	0.4989	0.4942	0.4969	0.507	0.5449

N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide- a biomarker for heart failure (in pg/ml). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Cardiac Troponin I

Intervention	pg/mL (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	85.6301	90.7536	87.7167	99.4912	101.8333
Arm II (Placebo)	115.7222	128.9565	115.6364	93.2105	107.849

Troponin I is a biomarker for myocardial cell injury (in ng/ml). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Ejection Fraction

Intervention	ng/mL (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	0.00446	0.00265	0.00467	0.00737	0.01111
Arm II (Placebo)	0.0011	0.00174	0.00742	0.00684	0.01132

The percentage of blood leaving the heart at the end of diastole. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Fractional Shortening

Intervention	Percent (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24
Arm I (Carvedilol)	57.6	58.16	58.07	57.35	58.16
Arm II (Placebo)	57.42	56.84	56.61	57.6	57.5

A measure to assess preload and afterload (in %). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Galectin-3

Intervention	percent (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24
Arm I (Carvedilol)	28.5362	28.5409	29.6121	27.8219	28.0302
Arm II (Placebo)	28.4339	27.6866	28.1085	27.8891	28.5953

A protein produced by activated macrophages, and a member of a family of β-galactoside-binding lectings and promotes cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis following myocadial injury (in ng/ml). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Left Ventricular End-diastolic Dimension

Intervention	ng/mL (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	4.4464	4.3252	3.7345	3.4548	3.8073
Arm II (Placebo)	5.2538	4.3735	4.3415	4.0214	4.0791

The amount of blood (in ml) in the heart's left ventricle just before the heart contracts. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Left Ventricular End-diastolic Dimension

Intervention	ml (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	99.7507	99.3216	102.378	101.174	100.659
Arm II (Placebo)	93.3155	95.7434	96.5002	99.4656	98.9602

Thickness of cardiac muscle (in ml) of the left ventricle at the end of diastole. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Left Ventricular End-systolic Volume

Intervention	ml (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24
Arm I (Carvedilol)	4.5836	4.6035	4.636	4.6032	4.5147
Arm II (Placebo)	4.5269	4.565	0.0556	4.5462	4.5976

The amount of blood (in ml) in the heart's left ventricle just after the heart contracts. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Left Ventricular End-systolic Volume

Intervention	centimeter (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	03.2765	3.2901	3.262	3.32	3.2441
Arm II (Placebo)	3.2396	3.3023	3.2964	3.2798	3.286

Average Left Ventricular End-systolic Wall Stress

Intervention	ml (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	42.2193	41.6128	42.8437	43.1453	42.0086
Arm II (Placebo)	39.7354	41.3839	41.8113	1.605	42.442

Echocardiographic measure of left ventricular (LV) afterload based on LV pressure (P), volume (V), and wall thickness (T), calculated by the formula (P x V)/T, which equals the number referred to below in the Measure Type. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Left Ventricular Mass

Intervention	g/cm^2 (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	93.2892	90.3088	88.984	93.9267	89.2513
Arm II (Placebo)	90.6135	96.8356	96.0616	91.6458	94.0647

The weight of the left ventricle adjusted for body surface area (in g/m2). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Left-Ventricular Wall Thickness-Dimension Ratio Z-score (LVWT/Dz)

Intervention	g/m2 (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	57.4862	58.2839	60.2116	57.7053	58.3315
Arm II (Placebo)	57.9322	57.0924	59.4508	59.1793	59.1026

Z-score of the ratio of left ventricular (LV) posterior wall dimension of systole to internal LV dimension in diastole, calculated for each subject by subtracting the reference healthy population mean, then dividing by the standard deviation. The Z-score indicates the number of standard deviations away from the mean of the reference population. Negative Z- score indicates worse outcome. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average N-terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide

Intervention	z-score (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	-0.1372	-0.2167	-0.2416	-0.2375	0.0213
Arm II (Placebo)	-0.0893	0.3215	-0.2367	-0.1974	0.1834

B-type natriuretic peptide- a biomarker for heart failure (in pg/ml). The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors. (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Average Peak Early Atrial Divided by Peak Late Atrial Velocities

Intervention	pg/mL (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	27.3836	31.8406	26.8203	35.807	34.625
Arm II (Placebo)	31.4324	34.1857	33.2941	32.2807	33.3774

"Ratio of peak velocity blood flow from left ventricular relaxation in early diastole (E wave) to peak velocity flow in late diastole caused by atrial contraction (A wave). Number shown for Unit of Measure refers to this ratio. Normal: >1. Impaired: <1. The mean is reported by arm at each timepoint with corresponding standard errors." (NCT02717507)
Timeframe: Baseline before treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months after treatment initiation

Change From Baseline in BNP Levels

Change From Baseline in Deceleration Time

Change From Baseline in Early to Late Atrial Ratio (E:A Ratio)

Change From Baseline in End Diastolic Dimension (EDD)

Change From Baseline in End Systolic Dimension (ESD)

Change From Baseline in Intraventricular Septal Thickness (IVST)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume (LVEDV)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume Index (LVEDVI)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume (LVESV)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume Index (LVESVI) Characterized by 2-D Echocardiography

Intervention	ratio (Mean)
	BL	6m	12m	18m	24m
Arm I (Carvedilol)	1.728	1.642	1.723	1.732	1.603
Arm II (Placebo)	1.732	0.071	1.722	1.732	1.64

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-0.88
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-0.86

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	24.00
Carvedilol Controlled Release	53.37

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-0.20
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-0.45

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-0.33
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-0.36

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-0.76
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-0.83

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	.08
Carvedilol Controlled Release	.05

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	.08
Carvedilol Controlled Release	.08

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-36.61
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-42.22

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-18.29
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-20.57

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	-36.61
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-43.00

Maintenance Visit 3 minus Baseline. Maintenance Visit 3 occurred 24 weeks after entry into the maintenance period. The maintenance period started after completion of a titration period of variable duration. (NCT00323037)
Timeframe: 24 weeks after entry into the maintenance period

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular Mass (LVM)

Change From Baseline in Posterior Wall Thickness (PWT)

Safety and Tolerability of Coreg CR

Intervention	mL/m^2 (Mean)
Coreg Immediate Release	-18.36
Coreg Controlled Release	-20.81

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	9.5
Carvedilol Controlled Release	-9.29

Intervention	percentage of change (Mean)
Carvedilol Immediate Release	.07
Carvedilol Controlled Release	.05

SAEs experienced (NCT00323037)
Timeframe: 24 weeks after entry into the maintenance phase (after unblinding)

Article	Year
Protective role of beta-blockers in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity-a systematic review and meta-analysis of carvedilol. Heart failure reviews, 2019, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Cardiotoxicity; Carvedilol; Echocar	2019
Cardiac remodeling in coronary artery disease. The American journal of cardiology, 2004, May-06, Volume: 93, Issue:9A Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Echocardiography; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocar	2004
Ventricular remodeling in heart failure and the effect of beta-blockade. The American journal of cardiology, 2004, May-06, Volume: 93, Issue:9A Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Heart Failure; Humans; Metoprolol; Propanolamin	2004
Role of carvedilol in atrial fibrillation: insights from clinical trials. The American journal of cardiology, 2004, May-06, Volume: 93, Issue:9A Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Di	2004
Early initiation of beta blockade in heart failure: issues and evidence. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2005, Volume: 7, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Metoprolol	2005
Could beta-blockers precede or replace angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in heart failure? Heart failure clinics, 2005, Volume: 1, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Drug	2005
Beta blockers or angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker: what should be first? Cardiology clinics, 2007, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Bisoprolol; Carbazoles; Carve	2007
Carvedilol in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Clinical interventions in aging, 2008, Volume: 3, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; C	2008
Treatment of congestive heart failure. Has the time come for decreased complexity? European heart journal, 1999, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedil	1999

Article	Year
Dynamic Changes in the Molecular Signature of Adverse Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Compensated and Decompensated Chronic Primary Mitral Regurgitation. Circulation. Heart failure, 2019, Volume: 12, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Cardiovascular Agents; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Middle	2019
Tenascin-C as predictor of left ventricular remodeling and mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 2013, Volume: 61, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilat	2013
Efficacy and safety of bisoprolol fumarate compared with carvedilol in Japanese patients with chronic heart failure: results of the randomized, controlled, double-blind, Multistep Administration of bisoprolol IN Chronic Heart Failure II (MAIN-CHF II) stud Heart and vessels, 2014, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Bisoprolol; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Disease-Free	2014
Evaluation of beta-blockers on left ventricular dyssynchrony and reverse remodeling in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: A randomized trial of carvedilol and metoprolol. Cardiology journal, 2014, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilate	2014
Rationale and design of the Children's Oncology Group (COG) study ALTE1621: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine if low-dose carvedilol can prevent anthracycline-related left ventricular remodeling in childhood cancer survivors at high risk BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2016, 10-04, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Age Factors; Anthracyclines; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Carbazoles; C	2016
High Dose β-Blocker Therapy Triggers Additional Reverse Remodeling in Patients With Idiopathic Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. International heart journal, 2016, Dec-02, Volume: 57, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathies; Carvedilol; Dose-R	2016
Mechanisms underlying improvements in ejection fraction with carvedilol in heart failure. Circulation. Heart failure, 2009, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Arteries; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Echocardiograph	2009
Role of beta-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms in the long-term effects of beta-blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2010, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aging; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Female; Gen	2010
[Effect of beta-adrenoblockers on remodeling of myocardium and adhesive function of endothelium in patients with ischemic heart disease, complicated with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation]. Kardiologiia, 2010, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Atrial Fibrillation; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Cell Adhesion Molecu	2010
The Pediatric Randomized Carvedilol Trial in Children with Heart Failure: rationale and design. American heart journal, 2002, Volume: 144, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Age Factors; Carbazoles; Carv	2002
Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling and systolic function in elderly patients with heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 2002, Volume: 4, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis of Variance; Carbazoles;	2002
Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: the CAPRICORN Echo Substudy. Circulation, 2004, Jan-20, Volume: 109, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Kin	2004
The benefits of early combination treatment of carvedilol and an ACE-inhibitor in mild heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The carvedilol and ACE-inhibitor remodelling mild heart failure evaluation trial (CARMEN). Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2004, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor	2004
Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC). European journal of heart failure, 2004, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Carbazole	2004
Tolerability of carvedilol and ACE-Inhibition in mild heart failure. Results of CARMEN (Carvedilol ACE-Inhibitor Remodelling Mild CHF EvaluatioN). European journal of heart failure, 2004, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin-Converting Enzy	2004
Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodelling in chronic stable heart failure: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2004, Volume: 90, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Carbazoles; Cardiac Output, Low; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Dou	2004
Effects of different degrees of sympathetic antagonism on cytokine network in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of cardiac failure, 2005, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Echocardiography; Fema	2005
Effects of carvedilol upon intra- and interventricular synchrony in patients with chronic heart failure. The American journal of cardiology, 2005, Jul-15, Volume: 96, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr	2005
An echocardiographic analysis of the long-term effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling, systolic performance, and ventricular filling patterns in dilated cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.), 2005, Volume: 22, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Diastole; Echocardiogr	2005
Early initiation of beta blockade in heart failure: issues and evidence. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2005, Volume: 7, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Metoprolol	2005
Evaluation of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular remodelling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy on the treatment containing carvedilol. European heart journal, 2007, Volume: 28, Issue:8 Topics: 3-Iodobenzylguanidine; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Cardiom	2007
Beneficial effects of carvedilol as a concomitant therapy to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in patients with ischemic left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2007, Volume: 85, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Carvedilol;	2007
Carvedilol for children and adolescents with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2007, Sep-12, Volume: 298, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiac Output, Low; Carvedilol; Child; Child,	2007
Carvedilol prevents remodeling in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. American heart journal, 1999, Volume: 137, Issue:4 Pt 1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiogra	1999
Regression of left ventricular remodeling in chronic heart failure: Comparative and combined effects of captopril and carvedilol. American heart journal, 2001, Volume: 142, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Captopril; Carbazoles;	2001
Aspirin impairs reverse myocardial remodeling in patients with heart failure treated with beta-blockers. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2001, Volume: 38, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind	2001

Article	Year
β-Adrenergic Blocker, Carvedilol, Abolishes Ameliorating Actions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Sheets on Cardiac Dysfunction and Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2019, 10-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carvedilol; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Ani	2019
Carvedilol Diminishes Cardiac Remodeling Induced by High-Fructose/High-Fat Diet in Mice via Enhancing Cardiac β-Arrestin2 Signaling. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics, 2020, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; beta-Arrestin 2; Cardiomegaly; Carvedilol; Cytokines; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Sugars; Disea	2020
Cardiomyocyte microRNA-150 confers cardiac protection and directly represses proapoptotic small proline-rich protein 1A. JCI insight, 2021, 09-22, Volume: 6, Issue:18 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Apoptosis; Carvedilol; Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Protein	2021
The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 in myocardial tissue and concentration of serum B-type natriuretic peptide in myocardial remodeling of Sprague-Dawley rats treated with carvedilol. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences, 2017, Volume: 21, Issue:21 Topics: Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Myocardium; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain;	2017
Impact of Anemia on Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling in Response to Carvedilol. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2018, 02-23, Volume: 82, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anemia; Carvedilol; Heart Failure; Humans; Ventricular Remodeling	2018
Late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance images predicts reverse remodeling in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy treated with carvedilol. International journal of cardiology, 2013, Sep-30, Volume: 168, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathies; Carvedilol; Female; Gadolinium; Heart Failure; Humans; Ma	2013
The effects of carvedilol on cardiac structural remodeling: the role of endogenous nitric oxide in the activity of carvedilol. Molecular medicine reports, 2013, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Heart; Hypertension, Renovascular; NG-Nitroarginine	2013
Effects of early, late, and long-term nonselective β-blockade on left ventricular remodeling, function, and survival in chronic organic mitral regurgitation. Circulation. Heart failure, 2013, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Echoc	2013
Integrative effect of carvedilol and aerobic exercise training therapies on improving cardiac contractility and remodeling in heart failure mice. PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium Signaling; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Cel	2013
Mitral regurgitation: has another magic bullet bitten the dust? Circulation. Heart failure, 2013, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Propanolam	2013
Evaluation of global circumferential strain as prognostic marker after administration of β-blockers for dilated cardiomyopathy. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging, 2014, Volume: 30, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Area Under Curve; Bisoprolol; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy,	2014
Time course of left ventricular reverse remodeling in response to pharmacotherapy: clinical implication for heart failure prognosis in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Heart and vessels, 2016, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relation	2016
Characterization of coronary flow reserve and left ventricular remodeling in a mouse model of chronic aortic regurgitation with carvedilol intervention. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, 2015, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Echocardiography; Frac	2015
Reverse Remodeling Achieved by Combination Therapy With High-Dose Beta Blocker and Cardiac Resynchronization. International heart journal, 2015, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Bundle-Branch Block; Carbazoles; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; Car	2015
Prognostic significance of beta-blocker up-titration in conjunction with cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure management. Heart and vessels, 2016, Volume: 31, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Carbazoles; Cardiac Resynchronizatio	2016
Left ventricular reverse remodeling with infantile dilated cardiomyopathy and pitfalls of carvedilol therapy. Journal of cardiology, 2016, Volume: 67, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relation	2016
Effects of carvedilol on ventricular remodeling and the expression of β3-adrenergic receptor in a diabetic rat model subjected myocardial infarction. International journal of cardiology, 2016, Nov-01, Volume: 222 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabe	2016
[Effect of carvedilol on parameters of myocardial perfusion in patients with left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction]. Kardiologiia, 2009, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Coronary Circulation; Dose-Response Rela	2009
Carvedilol may alleviate late cardiac remodelling following surgical ventricular restoration. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 2010, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Cardiac Catheterization; Carvedilol; Drug Evaluati	2010
Carvedilol ameliorates sympathetic nerve sprouting and electrical remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2010, Volume: 64, Issue:7 Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Autonomic Pathways; C	2010
[Effect of nonselective beta-adrenoblocker carvedilol on extrasystolic and postextrasystolic contractility in the rat myocardium after experimental infarction]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2010, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Age Factors; Animals; Calcium; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Electric Stimula	2010
Adrenergic receptor blockade reverses right heart remodeling and dysfunction in pulmonary hypertensive rats. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2010, Sep-01, Volume: 182, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Disease Models, Animal; Hypertension, Pulmo	2010
Which beta-blocker is most effective in heart failure? Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2010, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Benzopyrans; Bisoprolol; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Clinical Tria	2010
Is overall blockade superior to selective blockade of adrenergic receptor subtypes in suppressing left ventricular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats? Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2010, Volume: 33, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Apoptosis; Bisoprolol; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Dise	2010
Association of physical training with beta-blockers in heart failure in mice. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2010, Volume: 95, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Collagen; Combin	2010
Combined blockade of β- and α₁-adrenoceptors in left ventricular remodeling induced by hypertension: beneficial or not? Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2010, Volume: 33, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Bisoprolol; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Disease Models, Animal; Humans;	2010
Carvedilol administration in acute myocardial infarction results in stronger inhibition of early markers of left ventricular remodeling than metoprolol. International journal of cardiology, 2011, Dec-15, Volume: 153, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Down-Regulation; Metoprolol; Myocardial Infarction; Pro	2011
Effect of left ventricular reverse remodeling on long-term prognosis after therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and β blockers in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. The American journal of cardiology, 2011, Apr-01, Volume: 107, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Conve	2011
[Effects of long-term therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and carvedilol on the heart remodeling process after non-Q-wave myocardial infarction]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 2011, Volume: 89, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Drug	2011
A pilot study on the effects of carvedilol on right ventricular remodelling and exercise tolerance in patients with systemic right ventricle. International journal of cardiology, 2007, Jan-08, Volume: 114, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Electrocardiography; Exercis	2007
β-Adrenergic receptor antagonists ameliorate myocyte T-tubule remodeling following myocardial infarction. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2012, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Caveolin 3; Male; Membrane Proteins; M	2012
The effect of beta-blockade on myocardial remodelling in Chagas' cardiomyopathy. Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2012, Volume: 67, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chagas Cardiomyopathy; Collagen; Crice	2012
Cardiovascular and renal effects of carvedilol in dogs with heart failure. The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2002, Volume: 64, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Agoni	2002
[Beta blockers and ACE inhibitors In heart failure to be combined at the beginning!]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2002, Nov-07, Volume: 144, Issue:45 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Doubl	2002
Comparative effects of carvedilol and losartan alone and in combination for preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2003, Volume: 67, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; He	2003
Relation between heart rate, heart rhythm, and reverse left ventricular remodelling in response to carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure: a single centre, observational study. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2003, Volume: 89, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiac Output, Low; Carvedilol; Echocardiography; Female;	2003
[Comparative effects of carvedilol and metoprolol in preventing from left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Female; Metoprolol; Myocardial Infarct	2001
Myocardial dysfunction: hibernation and remodelling. Lancet (London, England), 2003, Oct-25, Volume: 362, Issue:9393 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Coronary Circulation; Heart; Heart Failure; Hum	2003
Comparison of metoprolol with low, middle and high doses of carvedilol in prevention of postinfarction left ventricular remodeling in rats. Japanese heart journal, 2003, Volume: 44, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Carbazoles; Cardiac Volume; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rat	2003
The impact of baseline left ventricular size and mitral regurgitation on reverse left ventricular remodelling in response to carvedilol: size doesn't matter. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2004, Volume: 90, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Echoc	2004
Adrenergic receptor antagonist prevents the left ventricle with chronic pressure-overload from electrical remodeling. Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiologica Sinica], 2004, Aug-25, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Cardiac Output, Low; Carvedilol; Ele	2004
Effects of carvedilol on ventriculo-arterial coupling in patients with heart failure. Italian heart journal : official journal of the Italian Federation of Cardiology, 2004, Volume: 5, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Rela	2004
The beta-adrenergic blocker carvedilol restores L-type calcium current in a myocardial infarction model of rabbit. Chinese medical journal, 2005, Mar-05, Volume: 118, Issue:5 Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Carbazoles; Carve	2005
[Implantation of an extracardiac mesh in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy: the TOLK Study (Therapevticheskoe Operativnoe Lechenie Kardiomyopatye)]. Kardiologiia, 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedilol; Di	2005
[Experimental study of effect of carvedilol on myocardial collagen network remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. Zhongguo wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue = Chinese critical care medicine = Zhongguo weizhongbing jijiuyixue, 2005, Volume: 17, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Collagen; Disease Models, Animal; Hemodynamics;	2005
Effect of beta-blockers on cardiac function and calcium handling protein in postinfarction heart failure rats. Chest, 2005, Volume: 128, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Carbaz	2005
[Comparative effects of carvedilol, losartan and their combination in preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. Zhonghua nei ke za zhi, 2001, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilo	2001
Effect of beta-blockers on beta3-adrenoceptor expression in chronic heart failure. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2007, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chronic Disease; Gene	2007
[The Carvedilol and ACE-Inhibitor Remodelling Mild Heart Failure Evaluation Trial]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2007, Apr-28, Volume: 65 Suppl 4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Clini	2007
Carvedilol prevents and reverses hypertrophy-induced cardiac dysfunction. Pharmacology, 2007, Volume: 80, Issue:2-3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Antioxidants; Carbazoles; Cardiomegaly;	2007
Different ventricular remodelling and autonomic modulation after long-term beta-blocker treatment in hypertensive, ischaemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.), 2007, Volume: 8, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Autonomic Nervous System; Carbazoles; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carvedil	2007
Impact of concurrent amiodarone treatment on the tolerability and efficacy of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 1999, Volume: 82, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Chi-Square	1999
Differential remodeling of the left and right heart after norepinephrine treatment in rats: studies on cytokines and collagen. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 2000, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carbazoles; Ca	2000
Effect of carvedilol in comparison with metoprolol on myocardial collagen postinfarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2000, Volume: 36, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedil	2000
The Carvedilol and ACE-Inhibitor Remodelling Mild Heart Failure EvaluatioN trial (CARMEN)--rationale and design. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2001, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Clini	2001
Cardiac remodeling after long term norepinephrine treatment in rats. Cardiovascular research, 2001, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic Antagonists; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Calcium Channel Blockers;	2001
[Comparative effects of carvediol in large, middle, and small dose in preventing left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2001, Aug-10, Volume: 81, Issue:15 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fema	2001
Long-term effects of carvedilol on left ventricular function, remodeling, and expression of cardiac cytokines after large myocardial infarction in the rat. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2002, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Cytokines; Fibrosis; Gas Chromatograph	2002
Different effects of carvedilol, metoprolol, and propranolol on left ventricular remodeling after coronary stenosis or after permanent coronary occlusion in rats. Circulation, 2002, Feb-26, Volume: 105, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Carbazoles; Cardi	2002
Apoptosis in cardiac disease: from basics to clinics--an editorial commentary. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2001, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Apoptosis; Carbazoles; Carve	2001
Comparative effects of cilazapril, carvedilol and their combination in preventing from left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in rats. Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2002, Volume: 3, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Carba	2002

Intervention	subjects in each treatment group (Number)
	Study Entry (10mg Coreg CR, 3.125mg Coreg IR)	Maintenance Entry (10mg Coreg CR, 3.125mg Coreg IR)	End of Study (10mg Coreg CR, 3.125mg Coreg IR)	Study Entry (20mg Coreg CR, 6.25mg Coreg IR)	Maintenance Entry (20mg Coreg CR, 6.25mg Coreg IR)	End of Study (20mg Coreg CR, 6.25mg Coreg IR)	Study Entry (40mg Coreg CR, 12.5mg Coreg IR)	Maintenance Entry (40mg Coreg CR, 12.5mg Coreg IR)	End of Study (40mg Coreg CR, 12.5mg Coreg IR)	Study Entry (80mg Coreg CR, 25mg Coreg IR)	Maintenance Entry (80mg Coreg CR, 25mg Coreg IR)	End of Study (80mg Coreg CR, 25mg Coreg IR)
Carvedilol Controlled Release	83	0	4	39	9	16	27	16	22	4	114	111
Carvedilol Immediate Release	79	0	7	61	13	16	21	12	21	4	116	121

Intervention	participants in each treatment group (Number)
	Hospitalization for Heart Failure	Hospitalization Due to Any Cause	Hospitalization or Death
Carvedilol Controlled Release	6	29	29
Carvedilol Immediate Release	6	31	32

carvedilol and Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (95)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Proportion of Participants With Average Adherence > 90%

Proportion of Patients With Reportable Adverse Events as Described in the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).

"Proportion of Patients Who Responded Moderately, Quite a Bit, or Extremely to How Bothersome the Symptom of DIARRHEA Was at Any Post-day 0 Assessment Time Point."

Average Alanine Aminotransferase

Average Aspartate Aminotransferase

Average Bilirubin

Average Cardiac N-terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide

Average Cardiac Troponin I

Average Ejection Fraction

Average Fractional Shortening

Average Galectin-3

Average Left Ventricular End-diastolic Dimension

Average Left Ventricular End-diastolic Dimension

Average Left Ventricular End-systolic Volume

Average Left Ventricular End-systolic Volume

Average Left Ventricular End-systolic Wall Stress

Average Left Ventricular Mass

Average Left-Ventricular Wall Thickness-Dimension Ratio Z-score (LVWT/Dz)

Average N-terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide

Average Peak Early Atrial Divided by Peak Late Atrial Velocities

Change From Baseline in BNP Levels

Change From Baseline in Deceleration Time

Change From Baseline in Early to Late Atrial Ratio (E:A Ratio)

Change From Baseline in End Diastolic Dimension (EDD)

Change From Baseline in End Systolic Dimension (ESD)

Change From Baseline in Intraventricular Septal Thickness (IVST)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume (LVEDV)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume Index (LVEDVI)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume (LVESV)

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume Index (LVESVI) Characterized by 2-D Echocardiography

Change From Baseline in Left Ventricular Mass (LVM)

Change From Baseline in Posterior Wall Thickness (PWT)

Safety and Tolerability of Coreg CR

Drug Dose Tolerability

Incidence of Hospitalizations

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies