carubicin and Osteosarcoma

The study deals with results of a clinical trial evaluating treatment efficacy of a 6 MeV neutron beam produced by Y-120 cyclotron (Kiev). Procedures of preoperative radiotherapy and radical treatment are discussed. Radiotherapy was administered to 52 patients suffering chondrosarcoma (30 cases), osteogenic sarcoma (15) or chordoma (7). Combined treatment (radiation + surgery) was given to 22 patients whereas neutron beam therapy--to 30. All patients with osteogenic sarcoma received adjuvant combination chemotherapy. Three-year survival rate was compared to that observed in controls in whom combined treatment had included gamma-therapy. A significant increase in three-year survival rate was observed for osteogenic sarcoma and chordoma whereas for chondrosarcoma the improvement in survival proved insignificant. The use of fast neutrons in combined treatment of bone tumors was considered promising.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Chondrosarcoma; Chordoma; Combined Modality Therapy; Fast Neutrons; Female; Humans; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Osteosarcoma; Survival Rate

The therapeutic effect of carminomycin was studied in clinic at different treatment schemes with respect to 14 children and juvenile patients with osteogenic sarcoma. Pronounced local effect evident from disappearance of the pain and in some cases decrease of the metastatic tumor were noted in the patients with metastases of the osteogenic sarcoma to the bones or relapses of the primary tumor. Subjective improvement and objective effect were observed respectively in 90 and 53 per cent of the patients with metastases into the lungs and pronounced lung symptomatology.

Topics: Adolescent; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Arm; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Leg; Neoplasm Metastasis; Osteosarcoma; Remission, Spontaneous; Time Factors

The effectiveness of cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (cisplatinum, platidiam, DDP) alone or as a component of combined treatment was evaluated in 85 patients with osteogenic sarcoma. The said drugs were used as adjuvants following radical surgery (group I-18 cases), in combined treatment of solitary and single lung metastases (group 2-7 cases) and in 60 patients with advanced tumors (group 3). An analysis of long-term results showed response in 30.8% in group 3. In group 2, application of chemotherapy plus surgery was followed by remissions of 2-46+-month duration (mean-13.9 months). In group I, 78.7% are expected to survive metastasis-free more than 12 months. Toxicity was moderate, with nausea and vomiting (87.1%), myelosuppression (52.8%), nephrotoxicity (48.6%) and alopecia (75.7%) being the most common side-effects.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Child; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Osteosarcoma; Postoperative Care; Remission Induction; Time Factors

The experience in the management of 246 patients with local osteogenic sarcoma and 67 patients with pulmonary metastases in the All-Union Oncologic Research Center, AMS USSR, is presented here. All the patients underwent surgery, but starting in 1974, various modalities of adjuvant chemotherapy (not randomized) were applied in addition. In the surgery alone group, prognosis was very poor: only 7.0% of patients survived free of disease 5 years from the primary tumor treatment. Adjuvant chemotherapy (adriamycin + vincristine + melphalan + cyclophosphamide) following amputations increased this rate to 34.0%; combining segmental resections of an affected bone with preoperative intraarterial adriamycin infusion and radiation (36 Gy) increased the rate to 35.5%. In patients with grade 4 tumor damage (tumor cells are not found upon examination of a large number of sections), the rate increased to 57.9% (P less than .05). Another regimen of adjuvant chemotherapy (platidiam or cisplatin + adriamycin + cyclophosphamide) gives a chance to 78.8% of patients to survive 1 year free of metastases. The same chemotherapy regimen enables us to achieve an objective effect in 30.8% of patients with pulmonary metastases, and its combination with surgical metastasis ablation makes it possible to obtain a complete remission, lasting from 2 to 46 months (average 13.9 months). Toxic manifestations of the chemotherapy regimens considered are moderate. Prognosis in adjuvant chemotherapy is related to age, tumor site, its local dissemination, and morphologic type of osteogenic sarcoma.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Child; Child, Preschool; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Osteosarcoma

Carminomycin, a new antibiotic made in the USSR, was used in the treatment of 21 patients aged 5 to 15 years with extended osteogenic sarcoma. As a result of the treatment the number of the patients with lifetime prolonged for 1-2 years increased from 7.6 to 46 per cent. It was shown that the drug might be used for the prophylaxis of the localized forms of the disease in children.

Topics: Adolescent; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy; Daunorubicin; Drug Evaluation; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Melphalan; Osteosarcoma; Time Factors; Vincristine

LD50 of carminomycin, rubomycin and adriamycin were determined after their single administration of 3-, 5-, 10- and 15-fold administration once a day to 540 hybrid male mice F1 (C57Bl x CBA). Comparison of the cumulative indices for these antibiotics showed that after 3 injections they were similar. After 5 injections the cumulative properties were more pronounced for adriamycin. After 10 or 15 injections the cumulative properties were less pronounced for carminomycin. The increased sensitivity to carminomycin was determined in dogs with spontaneous tumors (in 3 with osteosarcoma and 4 with hemablastoses) comparing with healthy animals. The therapeutic effect was not evaluated because of severe toxicity. Bone marrow and gastrointestinal toxicity prevailed. The therapeutic dose for sick dogs should not exceed 0.1--0.125 mg/kg i.v., once within 3--5 days during 3 weeks.

Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Daunorubicin; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Doxorubicin; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Osteosarcoma

The clinical ratio of T- and B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with osteogenic sarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma was studied. Significant changes in the ratio of T- and B-cells was found in the patients in the stage of generalization with metastases to the bones and lungs. During the treatment with carminomycin the relative number of T-cells reached the values close to the normal. The total number of lymphocytes in the blood and the absolute content of T- and B-cells in some patients remained decreased for a long period of time.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; B-Lymphocytes; Bone Neoplasms; Carubicin; Child; Child, Preschool; Daunorubicin; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Osteosarcoma; Rosette Formation; Sarcoma, Ewing; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors