carnitine and Fatigue studies

Fatigue: The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Longitudinal assessments of carnitine and fatigue in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma suggest that lenvatinib affects the carnitine system in patients undergoing lenvatinib therapy and that carnitine insufficiency increases fatigue."	9.34	Carnitine insufficiency is associated with fatigue during lenvatinib treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. ( Ando, H; Ikejima, K; Ishizuka, K; Kitagawa, R; Kokubu, S; Miyazaki, A; Nagahara, A; Okubo, H; Okubo, S; Saito, H; Shiina, S, 2020)
"To evaluate the potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for cancer-related fatigue in patients treated with sunitinib."	9.30	Can levocarnitine supplementation improve fatigue caused by sunitinib as a treatment for renal cell carcinoma? A single-center prospective pilot study. ( Kobayashi, K; Masumori, N; Shindo, T; Tanaka, T, 2019)
" This randomized trial investigated the efficacy of the amino acid jelly Inner Power(®) (IP), a semi-solid, orally administrable dietary supplement containing coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine, in controlling CRF in breast cancer patients in Japan."	9.22	Efficacy and safety of an amino acid jelly containing coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine in controlling fatigue in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a multi-institutional, randomized, exploratory trial (JORTC-CAM01). ( Ariyoshi, K; Doi, T; Inoue, K; Ishiki, H; Iwase, S; Kawaguchi, T; Kitamura, K; Miyaji, T; Miyara, K; Odagiri, H; Sagara, Y; Tsutsumi, C; Yamaguchi, T; Yotsumoto, D, 2016)
"Intravenous L-carnitine can ameliorate fasting-induced hunger, fatigue, cholesterol abnormalities and hepatic metabolic changes and facilitate fasting-induced weight loss in MetS patients."	9.19	L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. ( Cai, YJ; Huang, YJ; Ke, B; Qin, J; Qiu, CP; Shi, LY; Wu, ZB; Yang, YB; Zhang, JJ, 2014)
"L-carnitine, a popular complementary and alternative medicine product, is used by patients with cancer for the treatment of fatigue, the most commonly reported symptom in this patient population."	9.16	L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an eastern cooperative oncology group phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ( Ansari, B; Cella, D; Cruciani, RA; Fisch, MJ; Manola, J; Zhang, JJ, 2012)
"This study evaluated the efficacy of L-carnitine on physical and mental fatigue and on cognitive functions of centenarians."	9.12	L-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. ( Cammalleri, L; Colonna, V; Gargante, MP; Malaguarnera, M; Motta, M; Vacante, M, 2007)
"To evaluate the effect of L-carnitine treatment in fatigue in adult celiac patients."	9.12	L-Carnitine in the treatment of fatigue in adult celiac disease patients: a pilot study. ( Bucci, C; Calvani, M; Ciacci, C; Iannoni, E; Iovino, P; Margarucci, S; Peluso, G; Rispo, A; Siniscalchi, M; Tortora, R; Zingone, F, 2007)
"Carnitine deficiency is among the many metabolic disturbances that may contribute to fatigue in patients with cancer."	9.12	Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. ( Cruciani, RA; Culliney, B; Dvorkin, E; Esteban-Cruciani, N; Homel, P; Lapin, J; Malamud, S; Portenoy, RK, 2006)
"Testosterone and carnitines significantly improved the peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistive index, nocturnal penile tumescence, International Index of Erectile Function score, Depression Melancholia Scale score, and fatigue scale score."	9.11	Carnitine versus androgen administration in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, depressed mood, and fatigue associated with male aging. ( Biagiotti, G; Caracciolo, S; Cavallini, G; Modenini, F; Vitali, G, 2004)
" In studies with positive quality ratings, a meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model on Carnitine and cancer-related fatigue."	8.95	Efficacy and Effectiveness of Carnitine Supplementation for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Isenring, E; Itsiopoulos, C; Kelly, J; Marshall, S; Marx, W; Opie, RS; Teleni, L, 2017)
"Objective In the present study, we prospectively examined the efficacy of levocarnitine in relieving symptoms of fatigue in patients with cirrhosis but without overt hepatic encephalopathy."	8.02	The Efficacy of Levocarnitine Treatment in Relieving Fatigue in Patients with Cirrhosis but without Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( Abe, K; Fujita, M; Hayashi, M; Ohira, H; Takahashi, A, 2021)
"Low serum carnitine levels have been reported in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and are considered one of the factors causing fatigue associated with chemotherapy."	7.96	[Effectiveness of L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Fatigue Associated with Chemotherapy in Patients with Gastric Cancer]. ( Akiyama, H; Endo, I; Kosaka, R; Kunisaki, C; Masuda, M; Miyamoto, H; Sato, K; Sato, S; Tanaka, Y; Watanabe, H; Yukawa, N, 2020)
"This study suggests that there is an association between urinary carnitine levels and self-reported fatigue."	7.85	Relationship between Carnitine Pharmacokinetics and Fatigue in Patients Treated with Cisplatin-Containing Chemotherapy. ( Ikezaki, T; Inomata, M; Kajiura, S; Kambara, K; Kashii, T; Miwa, T; Okazawa, S; Suzuki, K; Tanabe, K, 2017)
" Patients completed the Pediatric Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness-Fatigue, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, a numeric fatigue rating, and had carnitine levels obtained."	7.83	A cross-sectional study of carnitine deficiency and fatigue in pediatric cancer patients. ( Goldman, S; Haertling, T; Lai, JS; Rademaker, AW; Weinstein, J, 2016)
" Measurements included carnitine plasma levels and self-reported fatigue using established child or adolescent fatigue scales and were collected during the 2nd cycle of chemotherapy, and repeated on alternating cycles up to cycle 8."	7.81	Fatigue and carnitine levels over multiple cycles of chemotherapy in children and adolescents. ( Hockenberry, MJ; Hooke, MC; McCarthy, K; Taylor, O, 2015)
"Ten patients with advanced and recurrent cancer experiencing fatigue during chemotherapy were administered levocarnitine chloride."	7.80	[Experience with levocarnitine chloride supplementation for the treatment of fatigue in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy]. ( Matsunaga, N; Nakagawa, Y; Yanagawa, K, 2014)
"To investigate the effect of fatigue and restraint stress on the expressions of CPT (carnitine palmitoyltransferase)-I, PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) δ, 5-HT (hydroxytryptamine) 1D and 5-HT2A receptors in aorta of rats."	7.77	[Effects of fatigue and restraint stress on the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in aorta of rats]. ( Chang, LP; Han, JK; Jia, ZH; Wang, HT; Wei, C; Wu, YL, 2011)
"In this study, we aimed at determining the contributory role of plasma levels of leptin and carnitine on fatigue in chronic hepatitis C and IBS."	7.77	Plasma carnitine is associated with fatigue in chronic hepatitis C but not in the irritable bowel syndrome. ( Anty, R; Bekri, S; Cherikh, F; Dainese, R; DeGalleani, L; Gelsi, E; Marjoux, S; Piche, T; Tran, A, 2011)
"The serum concentrations of total, free and acylcarnitine were compared in 25 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and among age- and sex-matched normal controls by the new enzymatic cycling method in order to clarify whether the fatigue in MS might be due to possible carnitine-related fatty acid metabolic abnormalities in the mitochondria of skeletal muscles."	7.69	Serum carnitine and disabling fatigue in multiple sclerosis. ( Fukazawa, T; Hamada, T; Kikuchi, S; Sasaki, H; Tashiro, K, 1996)
"Carnitine is an essential micronutrient that transfer long-chain fatty acids from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix for the β-oxidation."	7.01	Carnitine derivatives beyond fatigue: an update. ( Catania, VE; Malaguarnera, M, 2023)
"Carnitine is an essential protein for transportation of long-chain fatty acids to the matrix for beta-oxidation."	6.78	Determining and surveying the role of carnitine and folic acid to decrease fatigue in β-thalassemia minor subjects. ( Azimi, A; Hadaegh, A; Karimi, M; Mazloom, M; Shahriari, M; Tabei, SM; Zareifar, S, 2013)
"Fatigue is a common complaint in patients with liver disease."	6.71	L-carnitine decreases severity and type of fatigue induced by interferon-alpha in the treatment of patients with hepatitis C. ( Luca, S; Malaguarnera, M; Neri, S; Pennisi, G; Pistone, G; Saraceno, B, 2003)
"Ifosfamide and cisplatin cause urinary loss of carnitine, which is a fundamental molecule for energy production in mammalian cells."	6.70	Potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue in non-anaemic cancer patients. ( Baldelli, AM; Bisonni, R; Canestrari, F; Catalano, V; De Gaetano, A; Ferraro, B; Giordani, P; Graziano, F; Lai, V; Mencarini, E; Rovidati, S; Silva, R; Testa, E, 2002)
"Carnitine was well tolerated, and no drug-related adverse effects were identified."	6.70	Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. ( Adler, S; Amato, A; Brass, EP; Hiatt, WR; Orlando, AM; Sietsema, KE, 2001)
"These findings agree with previous observations among healthy adult subjects and demonstrate that L-carnitine tartrate supplementation beyond 35 days is beneficial for improving recovery and reducing fatigue following exercise across gender and age."	5.41	L-Carnitine Tartrate Supplementation for 5 Weeks Improves Exercise Recovery in Men and Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. ( Bellamine, A; Durkee, S; Gheith, R; Lowery, R; Ottinger, C; Sharp, M; Stefan, M; Wilson, J, 2021)
"Fatigue is the most frequent symptom experienced by children/adolescents with cancer."	5.35	Carnitine plasma levels and fatigue in children/adolescents receiving cisplatin, ifosfamide, or doxorubicin. ( Gregurich, M; Hockenberry, MJ; Hooke, MC; McCarthy, K, 2009)
"Longitudinal assessments of carnitine and fatigue in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma suggest that lenvatinib affects the carnitine system in patients undergoing lenvatinib therapy and that carnitine insufficiency increases fatigue."	5.34	Carnitine insufficiency is associated with fatigue during lenvatinib treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. ( Ando, H; Ikejima, K; Ishizuka, K; Kitagawa, R; Kokubu, S; Miyazaki, A; Nagahara, A; Okubo, H; Okubo, S; Saito, H; Shiina, S, 2020)
"Fatigue is a multidimensional symptom that is described in terms of perceived energy, mental capacity, and psychological status: it can impair daily functioning and lead to negative effects on quality of life."	5.33	Efficacy of l-carnitine administration on fatigue, nutritional status, oxidative stress, and related quality of life in 12 advanced cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy. ( Astara, G; Deiana, L; Dessì, M; Gramignano, G; Lamonica, G; Lusso, MR; Macciò, A; Madeddu, C; Mantovani, G; Massa, E; Serpe, R; Spiga, C, 2006)
"Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) complain of muscle pain and impaired exercise tolerance."	5.31	Normal carnitine levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. ( Bleijenberg, G; Elving, LD; Janssen, AJ; Soetekouw, PM; van der Meer, JW; van der Veen, Y; Vreken, P; Wevers, RA, 2000)
"To evaluate the potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for cancer-related fatigue in patients treated with sunitinib."	5.30	Can levocarnitine supplementation improve fatigue caused by sunitinib as a treatment for renal cell carcinoma? A single-center prospective pilot study. ( Kobayashi, K; Masumori, N; Shindo, T; Tanaka, T, 2019)
" This randomized trial investigated the efficacy of the amino acid jelly Inner Power(®) (IP), a semi-solid, orally administrable dietary supplement containing coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine, in controlling CRF in breast cancer patients in Japan."	5.22	Efficacy and safety of an amino acid jelly containing coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine in controlling fatigue in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a multi-institutional, randomized, exploratory trial (JORTC-CAM01). ( Ariyoshi, K; Doi, T; Inoue, K; Ishiki, H; Iwase, S; Kawaguchi, T; Kitamura, K; Miyaji, T; Miyara, K; Odagiri, H; Sagara, Y; Tsutsumi, C; Yamaguchi, T; Yotsumoto, D, 2016)
"Intravenous L-carnitine can ameliorate fasting-induced hunger, fatigue, cholesterol abnormalities and hepatic metabolic changes and facilitate fasting-induced weight loss in MetS patients."	5.19	L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. ( Cai, YJ; Huang, YJ; Ke, B; Qin, J; Qiu, CP; Shi, LY; Wu, ZB; Yang, YB; Zhang, JJ, 2014)
"L-carnitine, a popular complementary and alternative medicine product, is used by patients with cancer for the treatment of fatigue, the most commonly reported symptom in this patient population."	5.16	L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an eastern cooperative oncology group phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ( Ansari, B; Cella, D; Cruciani, RA; Fisch, MJ; Manola, J; Zhang, JJ, 2012)
"Carnitine deficiency is among the many metabolic disturbances that may contribute to fatigue in patients with cancer."	5.12	Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. ( Cruciani, RA; Culliney, B; Dvorkin, E; Esteban-Cruciani, N; Homel, P; Lapin, J; Malamud, S; Portenoy, RK, 2006)
"This study evaluated the efficacy of L-carnitine on physical and mental fatigue and on cognitive functions of centenarians."	5.12	L-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. ( Cammalleri, L; Colonna, V; Gargante, MP; Malaguarnera, M; Motta, M; Vacante, M, 2007)
"To evaluate the effect of L-carnitine treatment in fatigue in adult celiac patients."	5.12	L-Carnitine in the treatment of fatigue in adult celiac disease patients: a pilot study. ( Bucci, C; Calvani, M; Ciacci, C; Iannoni, E; Iovino, P; Margarucci, S; Peluso, G; Rispo, A; Siniscalchi, M; Tortora, R; Zingone, F, 2007)
"Testosterone and carnitines significantly improved the peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistive index, nocturnal penile tumescence, International Index of Erectile Function score, Depression Melancholia Scale score, and fatigue scale score."	5.11	Carnitine versus androgen administration in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, depressed mood, and fatigue associated with male aging. ( Biagiotti, G; Caracciolo, S; Cavallini, G; Modenini, F; Vitali, G, 2004)
" In studies with positive quality ratings, a meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model on Carnitine and cancer-related fatigue."	4.95	Efficacy and Effectiveness of Carnitine Supplementation for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Isenring, E; Itsiopoulos, C; Kelly, J; Marshall, S; Marx, W; Opie, RS; Teleni, L, 2017)
" We included studies investigating pemoline and modafinil in participants with multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated fatigue and methylphenidate in patients suffering from advanced cancer and fatigue in meta-analysis."	4.91	Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care. ( Cuhls, H; Minton, O; Mücke, M; Peuckmann-Post, V; Radbruch, L; Stone, P, 2015)
"CAM interventions tested for cancer-related fatigue include acupuncture, aromatherapy, adenosine triphosphate infusions, energy conservation and activity management, healing touch, hypnosis, lectin-standardized mistletoe extract, levocarnitine, massage, mindfulness-based stress reduction, polarity therapy, relaxation, sleep promotion, support group, and Tibetan yoga."	4.84	A critical review of complementary therapies for cancer-related fatigue. ( Barton, DL; Bauer, BA; Loprinzi, CL; Sood, A, 2007)
"Some chemotherapeutic agents cause carnitine deficiency, which causes general fatigue."	4.12	Relationship between Carnitine Deficiency and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Use in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. ( Hamada, T; Hatta, Y; Iizuka, K; Iriyama, N; Koike, T; Kurihara, K; Miura, K; Nakagawa, M; Nakamura, H; Nakayama, T; Takahashi, H; Takei, M; Uchino, Y, 2022)
"Objective In the present study, we prospectively examined the efficacy of levocarnitine in relieving symptoms of fatigue in patients with cirrhosis but without overt hepatic encephalopathy."	4.02	The Efficacy of Levocarnitine Treatment in Relieving Fatigue in Patients with Cirrhosis but without Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy. ( Abe, K; Fujita, M; Hayashi, M; Ohira, H; Takahashi, A, 2021)
"Low serum carnitine levels have been reported in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and are considered one of the factors causing fatigue associated with chemotherapy."	3.96	[Effectiveness of L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Fatigue Associated with Chemotherapy in Patients with Gastric Cancer]. ( Akiyama, H; Endo, I; Kosaka, R; Kunisaki, C; Masuda, M; Miyamoto, H; Sato, K; Sato, S; Tanaka, Y; Watanabe, H; Yukawa, N, 2020)
"This study suggests that there is an association between urinary carnitine levels and self-reported fatigue."	3.85	Relationship between Carnitine Pharmacokinetics and Fatigue in Patients Treated with Cisplatin-Containing Chemotherapy. ( Ikezaki, T; Inomata, M; Kajiura, S; Kambara, K; Kashii, T; Miwa, T; Okazawa, S; Suzuki, K; Tanabe, K, 2017)
" Patients completed the Pediatric Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness-Fatigue, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, a numeric fatigue rating, and had carnitine levels obtained."	3.83	A cross-sectional study of carnitine deficiency and fatigue in pediatric cancer patients. ( Goldman, S; Haertling, T; Lai, JS; Rademaker, AW; Weinstein, J, 2016)
" Measurements included carnitine plasma levels and self-reported fatigue using established child or adolescent fatigue scales and were collected during the 2nd cycle of chemotherapy, and repeated on alternating cycles up to cycle 8."	3.81	Fatigue and carnitine levels over multiple cycles of chemotherapy in children and adolescents. ( Hockenberry, MJ; Hooke, MC; McCarthy, K; Taylor, O, 2015)
"Ten patients with advanced and recurrent cancer experiencing fatigue during chemotherapy were administered levocarnitine chloride."	3.80	[Experience with levocarnitine chloride supplementation for the treatment of fatigue in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy]. ( Matsunaga, N; Nakagawa, Y; Yanagawa, K, 2014)
"In this study, we aimed at determining the contributory role of plasma levels of leptin and carnitine on fatigue in chronic hepatitis C and IBS."	3.77	Plasma carnitine is associated with fatigue in chronic hepatitis C but not in the irritable bowel syndrome. ( Anty, R; Bekri, S; Cherikh, F; Dainese, R; DeGalleani, L; Gelsi, E; Marjoux, S; Piche, T; Tran, A, 2011)
"To investigate the effect of fatigue and restraint stress on the expressions of CPT (carnitine palmitoyltransferase)-I, PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) δ, 5-HT (hydroxytryptamine) 1D and 5-HT2A receptors in aorta of rats."	3.77	[Effects of fatigue and restraint stress on the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in aorta of rats]. ( Chang, LP; Han, JK; Jia, ZH; Wang, HT; Wei, C; Wu, YL, 2011)
"The serum concentrations of total, free and acylcarnitine were compared in 25 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and among age- and sex-matched normal controls by the new enzymatic cycling method in order to clarify whether the fatigue in MS might be due to possible carnitine-related fatty acid metabolic abnormalities in the mitochondria of skeletal muscles."	3.69	Serum carnitine and disabling fatigue in multiple sclerosis. ( Fukazawa, T; Hamada, T; Kikuchi, S; Sasaki, H; Tashiro, K, 1996)
"Carnitine is an essential micronutrient that transfer long-chain fatty acids from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix for the β-oxidation."	3.01	Carnitine derivatives beyond fatigue: an update. ( Catania, VE; Malaguarnera, M, 2023)
"Carnitine is an essential protein for transportation of long-chain fatty acids to the matrix for beta-oxidation."	2.78	Determining and surveying the role of carnitine and folic acid to decrease fatigue in β-thalassemia minor subjects. ( Azimi, A; Hadaegh, A; Karimi, M; Mazloom, M; Shahriari, M; Tabei, SM; Zareifar, S, 2013)
"Fatigue is a common complaint in patients with liver disease."	2.71	L-carnitine decreases severity and type of fatigue induced by interferon-alpha in the treatment of patients with hepatitis C. ( Luca, S; Malaguarnera, M; Neri, S; Pennisi, G; Pistone, G; Saraceno, B, 2003)
"Carnitine was well tolerated, and no drug-related adverse effects were identified."	2.70	Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. ( Adler, S; Amato, A; Brass, EP; Hiatt, WR; Orlando, AM; Sietsema, KE, 2001)
"Ifosfamide and cisplatin cause urinary loss of carnitine, which is a fundamental molecule for energy production in mammalian cells."	2.70	Potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue in non-anaemic cancer patients. ( Baldelli, AM; Bisonni, R; Canestrari, F; Catalano, V; De Gaetano, A; Ferraro, B; Giordani, P; Graziano, F; Lai, V; Mencarini, E; Rovidati, S; Silva, R; Testa, E, 2002)
"Cancer cachexia is a severe inflammatory metabolic syndrome accounting for fatigue, an impairment of normal activities and, eventually, death."	2.52	Advances in pharmacologic strategies for cancer cachexia. ( Gramignano, G; Macciò, A; Madeddu, C; Mantovani, G, 2015)
"Carnitine has been reported to decrease fatigue and increase endurance in older persons."	2.48	Ergogenic dietary aids for the elderly. ( Cherniack, EP, 2012)
"Many patients with chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS) fulfill the criteria of FMS and represent one end of a spectrum of presentation."	2.40	[Fibromyalgia syndrome]. ( Matsumoto, Y, 1999)
"Fatigue is the most frequent symptom experienced by children/adolescents with cancer."	1.35	Carnitine plasma levels and fatigue in children/adolescents receiving cisplatin, ifosfamide, or doxorubicin. ( Gregurich, M; Hockenberry, MJ; Hooke, MC; McCarthy, K, 2009)
"Fatigue is a multidimensional symptom that is described in terms of perceived energy, mental capacity, and psychological status: it can impair daily functioning and lead to negative effects on quality of life."	1.33	Efficacy of l-carnitine administration on fatigue, nutritional status, oxidative stress, and related quality of life in 12 advanced cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy. ( Astara, G; Deiana, L; Dessì, M; Gramignano, G; Lamonica, G; Lusso, MR; Macciò, A; Madeddu, C; Mantovani, G; Massa, E; Serpe, R; Spiga, C, 2006)
"Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) complain of muscle pain and impaired exercise tolerance."	1.31	Normal carnitine levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. ( Bleijenberg, G; Elving, LD; Janssen, AJ; Soetekouw, PM; van der Meer, JW; van der Veen, Y; Vreken, P; Wevers, RA, 2000)
"Three patients from a large consanguineous family, and one unrelated patient had exercise intolerance since early childhood and improved by supplementation with a high dosage of riboflavin."	1.29	Riboflavin-responsive complex I deficiency. ( Bakker, HD; Bogaard, JM; Busch, HF; Kuyt, LP; Luyt-Houwen, IE; Scholte, HR, 1995)
" We concluded that weekly short-term stimulation does not lead to a change in fiber type; however, carnitine combined with minimal stimulation of the muscle leads to a significant shift in muscle fiber type composition toward a muscle with an increased content of type I fibers."	1.29	L-carnitine combined with minimal electrical stimulation promotes type transformation of canine latissimus dorsi. ( De Jong, YF; Dubelaar, ML; Glatz, JF; Hülsmann, WC; Van der Veen, FH, 1994)

Research

Studies (57)

Authors

Clinical Trials (9)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Mean Score Change in Depression Measured With CES-D Between 4 Weeks and Baseline

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	6 (10.53)	18.2507
2000's	19 (33.33)	29.6817
2010's	22 (38.60)	24.3611
2020's	10 (17.54)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Stefan, M	1
Sharp, M	1
Gheith, R	1
Lowery, R	1
Ottinger, C	1
Wilson, J	1
Durkee, S	1
Bellamine, A	1
Abe, K	1
Fujita, M	1
Hayashi, M	1
Takahashi, A	1
Ohira, H	1
Iriyama, N	1
Miura, K	1
Uchino, Y	1
Takahashi, H	1
Nakagawa, M	1
Iizuka, K	1
Hamada, T	2
Koike, T	1
Kurihara, K	1
Nakayama, T	1
Takei, M	1
Hatta, Y	1
Nakamura, H	1
Qutob, HMH	1
Saad, RA	1
Bali, H	1
Osailan, A	1
Jaber, J	1
Alzahrani, E	1
Alyami, J	1
Elsayed, H	1
Alserihi, R	1
Shaikhomar, OA	1
Divya, KM	1
Savitha, DP	1
Krishna, GA	1
Dhanya, TM	1
Mohanan, PV	1
Shah, SF	1
Jafry, AT	1
Hussain, G	1
Kazim, AH	1
Ali, M	1
Rivani, E	1
Endraswari, PD	1
Widodo, ADW	1
Khalil, MR	1
Guldberg, R	1
Nørgård, BM	1
Uldbjerg, N	1
Wehberg, S	1
Fowobaje, KR	1
Mashood, LO	1
Ekholuenetale, M	1
Ibidoja, OJ	1
Romagnoli, A	1
D'Agostino, M	1
Pavoni, E	1
Ardiccioni, C	1
Motta, S	1
Crippa, P	1
Biagetti, G	1
Notarstefano, V	1
Rexha, J	1
Perta, N	1
Barocci, S	1
Costabile, BK	1
Colasurdo, G	1
Caucci, S	1
Mencarelli, D	1
Turchetti, C	1
Farina, M	1
Pierantoni, L	1
La Teana, A	1
Al Hadi, R	1
Cicconardi, F	1
Chinappi, M	1
Trucchi, E	1
Mancia, F	1
Menzo, S	1
Morozzo Della Rocca, B	1
D'Annessa, I	1
Di Marino, D	1
Choya, A	1
de Rivas, B	1
Gutiérrez-Ortiz, JI	1
López-Fonseca, R	1
Xu, S	1
Cheng, B	1
Huang, Z	1
Liu, T	1
Li, Y	1
Jiang, L	1
Guo, W	1
Xiong, J	1
Amirazodi, M	1
Daryanoosh, F	1
Mehrabi, A	1
Gaeini, A	1
Koushkie Jahromi, M	1
Salesi, M	1
Zarifkar, AH	1
Studeny, P	1
Netukova, M	1
Nemcokova, M	1
Klimesova, YM	1
Krizova, D	1
Kang, H	1
Tao, Y	1
Zhang, Q	1
Sha, D	1
Chen, Y	1
Yao, J	1
Gao, Y	1
Liu, J	1
Ji, L	1
Shi, P	1
Shi, C	1
Wu, YL	2
Wright, AI	1
M El-Metwaly, N	1
A Katouah, H	1
El-Desouky, MG	1
El-Bindary, AA	1
El-Bindary, MA	1
Kostakis, ID	1
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Zhang, H	1
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Luo, L	1
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Wang, C	1
Xin, H	1
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Zhou, G	1
Maemura, R	1
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Matsumoto, K	1
Sakaguchi, H	1
Yoshida, N	1
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Yoshida, T	1
Miwata, S	1
Kitazawa, H	1
Narita, K	1
Kataoka, S	1
Ichikawa, D	1
Hamada, M	1
Taniguchi, R	1
Suzuki, K	2
Kawashima, N	1
Nishikawa, E	1
Narita, A	1
Okuno, Y	1
Nishio, N	1
Kato, K	1
Kojima, S	1
Morita, K	1
Muramatsu, H	1
Takahashi, Y	1
Yirgu, A	1
Mekonnen, Y	1
Eyado, A	1
Staropoli, A	1
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Gochicoa-Rangel, L	1
Guzmán-Valderrábano, C	1
Thirión-Romero, I	1
Statsenko, ME	1
Turkina, SV	1
Barantsevich, ER	1
Karakulova, YV	1
Baranova, NS	1
Morzhukhina, MV	1
Wang, Q	1
Gu, Y	1
Chen, C	1
Qiao, L	1
Pan, F	1
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Entilli, L	1
Cerbo, I	1
Cipolletta, S	1
Wu, Y	2
Zhu, P	1
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Zhang, X	1
Wang, Z	1
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Zhang, F	1
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Feasibility Study of Adjunctive Bright Light Therapy (BLT) for Amelioration of Fatigue in Chinese Cancer Patients Admitted to a Palliative Care Unit[NCT04525924]		42 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-01	Recruiting
Single-center, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of L-carnitine in Patients'Fatigue Degree Changing With Hypothyroidism Who Take Levothyroxine[NCT01769157]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Completed
Phase III Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine Efficacy of Levocarnitine for Fatigue in Patients With Cancer[NCT00091169]	Phase 3	376 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-16	Completed
Carnitine Deficiency and Benefits of Its Supplementation in Pediatric Hemodialysis Patients[NCT05948124]	Early Phase 1	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-01	Recruiting
A Randomised, Double Blinded Cross-over Study Comparing the Efficacy of L-carnitine Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis[NCT01149525]	Phase 3	59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Feasibility Study of a Hypnosis Intervention and a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention to Reduce Fatigue in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer[NCT04999306]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-17	Recruiting
In Vivo Study of Safety, Tolerability and Dosing Effect on SMN mRNA and Protein Levels of Valproic Acid in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy[NCT00374075]	Phase 1	42 participants	Interventional	2003-09-30	Completed
Phase I/II Trial of Valproic Acid and Carnitine in Infants With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type I (CARNI-VAL Type I)[NCT00661453]	Phase 1/Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Multi-center Phase II Trial of Valproic Acid and Carnitine in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA CARNI-VAL Trial)[NCT00227266]	Phase 2	94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-09-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Depression was measured using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The sum of the scores for all 20 items (range: 0-60) was used to assess depression level, and higher scores indicated a higher level of depression. Score change= CES-D score at 4 weeks - CES-D score at baseline. (NCT00091169)
Timeframe: assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after randomization

Mean Score Change in Fatigue Measured With Brief Fatigue Inventory From Baseline to 4 Weeks

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Levocarnitine	-3.05
Placebo	-2.91

Fatigue was measured using Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI). The average of all 9 items included in the scale (range: 0-10) was used to measure fatigue level, and a higher average represented worse fatigue. Score change= BFI score at 4 weeks - BFI score at baseline. (NCT00091169)
Timeframe: assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after randomization

Mean Score Change in Fatigue Measured With FACIT-F From Baseline to 4 Weeks

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Levocarnitine	-0.96
Placebo	-1.11

Fatigue was measured using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- Fatigue subscale (FACIT-F). The sum of the scores for all 13 items (range: 0-52) included in the scale was used to measure fatigue level, and lower score represented worse fatigue. Score change= FACIT-F score at 4 weeks - FACIT-F score at baseline. (NCT00091169)
Timeframe: assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after randomization

Mean Score Change in Pain Measured With Brief Pain Inventory From Baseline to 4 Weeks

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Levocarnitine	5.36
Placebo	4.04

Pain was measured using Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). The mean of the 4 severity items (range: 0-10 with 0 representing no pain and 10 representing pain as bad as you can imagine) was used to measure pain severity. Score change= BPI score at 4 weeks - BPI score at baseline. (NCT00091169)
Timeframe: assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after randomization

Prevalence of Carnitine Deficiency at 4 Weeks

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Levocarnitine	-0.19
Placebo	-0.08

Carnitine deficiency is defined as a ratio of acylcarnitine (total-free) to free carnitine > 0.4 μmol/L or free carnitine < 35 μmol/L for males and < 25 μmol/L for females. (NCT00091169)
Timeframe: assessed at 4 weeks after randomization

Proportion of Patients With Stable or Improving Performance Status at 4 Weeks

Intervention	proportion of participants (Number)
Arm I	0.113
Arm II	0.333

Performance status (PS) was measured using Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status scale. Lower score represents better PS. Change in PS was calculated by PS at week 4- PS at baseline. Patients with negative value for change in PS were considered to have stable or improving PS. (NCT00091169)
Timeframe: assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after randomization

Anthropometric Measures of Nutritional Status (Body Mass Index [BMI] Z-scores, Weight for Length Ratios, Lean/Fat Mass Via DEXA, Growth Parameters, and Triceps Skinfold Measures)

Max CMAP Amplitude (Mean)

Intervention	proportion of participants (Number)
Arm I	0.806
Arm II	0.875

Intervention	g (Mean)
	Lean Mass Baseline	Lean Mass 3 months	Lean Mass 6 months	Fat Mass Baseline	Fat Mass 3 months	Fat Mass 6 months
SMA Type 1	4317.15	4993.92	5133.83	3011.37	3618.25	4316.08

The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This is done multiple times, the outcome used is the highest peak, or response observed. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)

Max CMAP Amplitude Median

Intervention	mV (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	2.28	2.32
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	2.93	2.37
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	5.52	6.56

Max CMAP Area (Mean)

Intervention	mV (Median)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	1.91	1.44
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	2.2	1.8
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	5.3	5.85

The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) area is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This procedure is repeated multiple times. The maximum area is the response that results in the largest area under the response curve. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)

Max CMAP Area (Median)

Intervention	mVms (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	5.46	5.28
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	5.45	5.26
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	14.85	16.26

Modified Hammersmith Change From Baseline to 6 Months

Intervention	mVms (Median)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	3.6	3.74
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	4.6	3.4
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	13.65	16.85

Comparison of Modified Hammersmith Change from baseline to 6 months. Scores range from 0 to 40. A higher score indicates a better outcome. This scale is used to assess gross motor abilities of non-ambulant children with SMA in multiple research trials as well as in clinical settings. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 0 months, 6 months

Modified Hammersmith Extend Baseline

Intervention	Score (Mean)
	Baseline visit (0 weeks)	6 Month visit (V2)	Change from Baseline
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	20.0	20.6	0.6
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	16.6	16.8	0.2

"Baseline Modified Hammersmith Extend testing. The baseline test is the score they receive during their screening visits. This scale ranges from 0 to 56. A higher score indicates a better outcome.~This scale is used to assess gross motor abilities of children with SMA in multiple research trials as well as in clinical settings." (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to enrollment, at enrollment (0 months)

Intervention	Score (Mean)
	Modified Hammersmith Extend at S1 (-4 weeks)	Modified Hammersmith Extend at S2 (0 weeks)
Cohort 2 Experimental	47.0	48.3

Article	Year
Impact of dexamethasone and tocilizumab on hematological parameters in COVID-19 patients with chronic disease. Medicina clinica (English ed.), 2022, Dec-23, Volume: 159, Issue:12 Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetylcarnitine; Acetylcholinesterase; Acids; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter	2022
Carnitine derivatives beyond fatigue: an update. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2023, 03-01, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Fatigue; Fatty Acids; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction	2023
Efficacy and Effectiveness of Carnitine Supplementation for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 2017, Nov-07, Volume: 9, Issue:11 Topics: Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Humans; Neoplasms	2017
Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, May-30, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Amantadine; Benzhydryl Compounds; Carnitine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chronic Disea	2015
Advances in pharmacologic strategies for cancer cachexia. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2015, Volume: 16, Issue:14 Topics: Amino Acids; Body Weight; Cachexia; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytokines; Dietary Suppleme	2015
Ergogenic dietary aids for the elderly. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2012, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Carnitine; Creatine; Diet; Drug Combinations; Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenom	2012
Practice recommendations for the use of L-carnitine in dialysis-related carnitine disorder. National Kidney Foundation Carnitine Consensus Conference. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Fatigue; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypotension; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal	2003
Monograph. L-carnitine. Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic, 2005, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Contraindications; Drug Interactions; Fatigue; Humans	2005
Debate forum: carnitine supplements have not been demonstrated as effective in patients on long-term dialysis therapy. Blood purification, 2006, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Drug Resistance; Erythropoietin; Fatigue; Hypotension; Randomized Controlled Tria	2006
A critical review of complementary therapies for cancer-related fatigue. Integrative cancer therapies, 2007, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Adenosine Triphosphate; Carnitine; Complementary Therapies; Energy Metabolism;	2007
Cancer-related fatigue. Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN, 2007, Volume: 5, Issue:10 Topics: Algorithms; Carnitine; Comorbidity; Counseling; Dietary Supplements; Disease Management; Fatigue; Hu	2007
[Fibromyalgia syndrome]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1999, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Biomarkers; Carnitine; Diagnosis, Differential; Fatigue; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Fibromyalgia; Hu	1999
[Relation of some nutritional supplements and physical performance]. Archivos latinoamericanos de nutricion, 2000, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Carnitine; Chromium; Creatinine; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Fatigue	2000

Article	Year
L-Carnitine Tartrate Supplementation for 5 Weeks Improves Exercise Recovery in Men and Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 2021, Sep-28, Volume: 13, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Biomarkers; Body Composition; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Fatigue;	2021
Impact of dexamethasone and tocilizumab on hematological parameters in COVID-19 patients with chronic disease. Medicina clinica (English ed.), 2022, Dec-23, Volume: 159, Issue:12 Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetylcarnitine; Acetylcholinesterase; Acids; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter	2022
Carnitine insufficiency is associated with fatigue during lenvatinib treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. PloS one, 2020, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements	2020
L-carnitine supplementation for muscle weakness and fatigue in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: A Phase 2a clinical trial. American journal of medical genetics. Part A, 2021, Volume: 185, Issue:10 Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Child; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Ma	2021
Can levocarnitine supplementation improve fatigue caused by sunitinib as a treatment for renal cell carcinoma? A single-center prospective pilot study. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2019, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Female;	2019
Effects of l-carnitine administration on health-related quality of life during cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Auris, nasus, larynx, 2019, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Chemoradiotherapy; Cisplatin; Fatigue; Fe	2019
Determining and surveying the role of carnitine and folic acid to decrease fatigue in β-thalassemia minor subjects. Pediatric hematology and oncology, 2013, Volume: 30, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; beta-Thalassemia; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Fema	2013
L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. Nutrition journal, 2014, Nov-26, Volume: 13 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass I	2014
Efficacy and safety of an amino acid jelly containing coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine in controlling fatigue in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a multi-institutional, randomized, exploratory trial (JORTC-CAM01). Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2016, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Carnitine; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Ubi	2016
L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Endocrine journal, 2016, Oct-29, Volume: 63, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Fatigue; Female	2016
Effects of L-carnitine on oxidative stress responses in patients with renal disease. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2010, Volume: 42, Issue:10 Topics: Antioxidants; Carnitine; Catalase; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Fatigue; Glutathione; Glutathione	2010
L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an eastern cooperative oncology group phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2012, Nov-01, Volume: 30, Issue:31 Topics: Carnitine; Complementary Therapies; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Fatigue; Female; Human	2012
L-carnitine decreases severity and type of fatigue induced by interferon-alpha in the treatment of patients with hepatitis C. Neuropsychobiology, 2003, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Disease; Drug Interactions; Fatigue; Female; Hepatit	2003
Carnitine versus androgen administration in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, depressed mood, and fatigue associated with male aging. Urology, 2004, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aging; Carnitine; Climacteric; Depression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erectile Dysfunction; Fa	2004
Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. Journal of pain and symptom management, 2006, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Adminis	2006
L-Carnitine in the treatment of fatigue in adult celiac disease patients: a pilot study. Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 2007, Volume: 39, Issue:10 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Carnitine; Celiac Disease; Chromatography, High Pre	2007
L-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2007, Volume: 86, Issue:6 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Blood Pressure; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Cognition; Creatin	2007
Randomized phase III clinical trial of five different arms of treatment for patients with cancer cachexia: interim results. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2008, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Antioxidants;	2008
Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2001, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carbon Dioxide; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Exercise Test; Exercise Tolerance; Fati	2001
Potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue in non-anaemic cancer patients. British journal of cancer, 2002, Jun-17, Volume: 86, Issue:12 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Cisplatin; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Ifosfam	2002

Article	Year
The Efficacy of Levocarnitine Treatment in Relieving Fatigue in Patients with Cirrhosis but without Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2021, Volume: 60, Issue:22 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Fatigue; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male	2021
Relationship between Carnitine Deficiency and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Use in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Chemotherapy, 2022, Volume: 67, Issue:2 Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic	2022
[Effectiveness of L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Fatigue Associated with Chemotherapy in Patients with Gastric Cancer]. Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy, 2020, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Fatigue; Humans; Stomach Neoplasms	2020
Non-targeted metabolomics analyses by mass spectrometry to explore metabolic stress after six training weeks in high level swimmers. Journal of sports sciences, 2021, Volume: 39, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Athletes; Butyric Acid; Carnitine; Cresols; Cross-Over Studies; Fatigue; Female; Glycoge	2021
Changes in carnitine levels through induction chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients as a potential cause of therapy-related malaise. BMC cancer, 2021, Jun-28, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Cisplatin; Fatigue; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Induction Chemotherapy;	2021
Fatigue and carnitine levels over multiple cycles of chemotherapy in children and adolescents. European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society, 2015, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cisplatin; Dose-Response Rela	2015
[Experience with levocarnitine chloride supplementation for the treatment of fatigue in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy]. Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy, 2014, Volume: 41, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Mid	2014
Surprising results of a supportive integrated therapy in myelofibrosis. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2015, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia; C-Reactive Protein; Cachexia; Carnitine; Celecoxib; Curcumin; Erythropoietin; Fatigue; Ferri	2015
Depressive state and chronic fatigue in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Journal of neuroimmunology, 2015, Jun-15, Volume: 283 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Comorbidity; Depression; Fatigue; Female; Gait Disorders, N	2015
A cross-sectional study of carnitine deficiency and fatigue in pediatric cancer patients. Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2016, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Child; Chromatography, Liquid; Cross-Sectional Studies	2016
L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment [Letter to the Editor]. Endocrine journal, 2016, 10-29, Volume: 63, Issue:10 Topics: Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyroxine	2016
Relationship between Carnitine Pharmacokinetics and Fatigue in Patients Treated with Cisplatin-Containing Chemotherapy. Oncology research and treatment, 2017, Volume: 40, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; beta 2-Microglobulin; Carnitine; Cisplatin; Fatigue; Female; Hum	2017
Carnitine plasma levels and fatigue in children/adolescents receiving cisplatin, ifosfamide, or doxorubicin. Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology, 2009, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adolescent; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Prot	2009
Plasma carnitine is associated with fatigue in chronic hepatitis C but not in the irritable bowel syndrome. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Composition; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Electric Impedanc	2011
Fatigue and serum carnitine levels in chronic liver disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:11 Topics: Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Fatigue; Humans; Liver Diseases; Severity of Illness Index	2011
[Effects of fatigue and restraint stress on the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in aorta of rats]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2011, Apr-05, Volume: 91, Issue:13 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Endothelial Cells; Endothelin-1; Fatigue; Male	2011
L-carnitine supplementation for the treatment of fatigue and depressed mood in cancer patients with carnitine deficiency: a preliminary analysis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2004, Volume: 1033 Topics: Carnitine; Depression; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; R	2004
Efficacy of l-carnitine administration on fatigue, nutritional status, oxidative stress, and related quality of life in 12 advanced cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2006, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Carnitine; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Fatigue; Female; Glut	2006
Understanding and treating cancer-related fatigue. The journal of supportive oncology, 2006, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Cytokines; Fatigue; Humans; Neoplasms; Vitamin B Comp	2006
Riboflavin-responsive complex I deficiency. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1995, May-24, Volume: 1271, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Carnitine; Child; Consanguinity; Electron Transport Complex IV; Fatigue;	1995
L-carnitine combined with minimal electrical stimulation promotes type transformation of canine latissimus dorsi. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1994, Volume: 76, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Body Composition; Carnitine; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Electron Tr	1994
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Carnitine deficiency during valproic acid treatment. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1995
Serum carnitine and disabling fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 1996, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Fatigue; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Female; Humans; Male; Mitochondria, Muscle; Mu	1996
Noninvasive evaluation of adult onset myopathy from carnitine palmitoyl transferase II deficiency using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Journal of rheumatology, 1999, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Fatigue; Female; Human	1999
Normal carnitine levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The Netherlands journal of medicine, 2000, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Fatigue; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Female; Humans; Middle A	2000

carnitine and Fatigue