carnitine and Chronic Kidney Failure studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" We evaluate the efficacy of a peritoneal dialysis solution containing l-carnitine as an additive to improve insulin sensitivity."	9.17	Effect of an L-carnitine-containing peritoneal dialysate on insulin sensitivity in patients treated with CAPD: a 4-month, prospective, multicenter randomized trial. ( Arduini, A; Bertoli, S; Bonomini, M; Bosi, E; Cerasoli, P; Consoli, A; Corciulo, R; De Vecchi, A; Del Rosso, G; Di Castelnuovo, A; Di Liberato, L; Gesualdo, L; Giorgino, F; Marinangeli, G; Monaco, MP; Rossi, C; Russo, R; Shockley, T; Stingone, A, 2013)
"Carnitine deficiency is a commonly observed problem in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, which results in altered metabolism of fatty acids and subsequently development of dyslipidemia."	9.16	Oral carnitine supplementation for dyslipidemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. ( Harandi, AA; Moghadasi, M; Mortazavi, M; Naini, AE; Sadeghi, M, 2012)
"Carnitine supplementation in hemodialyzed patients was studied in a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial in order to elucidate the effect of intravenous carnitine on renal anemia in patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO)."	9.09	Anemia and carnitine supplementation in hemodialyzed patients. ( Heinz-Peer, G; Hörl, WH; Kletzmayr, J; Kovarik, J; Legenstein, E; Leitha, T; Mayer, G, 1999)
"Here, I present the effects of levocarnitine on renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with carnitine deficiency, focusing on the effect on dose reduction in erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and the influence on erythropoiesis resistance index."	8.98	Effects of Levocarnitine on Cardiac Function and Renal Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients. ( Higuchi, T, 2018)
"Although l-carnitine alleviated white-matter lesions in an experimental study, the treatment effects of l-carnitine on white-matter microstructural damage and cognitive decline in hemodialysis patients are unknown."	8.02	Possible Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine on White-Matter Microstructural Damage and Cognitive Decline in Hemodialysis Patients. ( Andica, C; Aoki, S; Hattori, N; Io, H; Kamagata, K; Miyamoto, N; Motoi, Y; Nakata, J; Saito, A; Shiina, K; Shindo, A; Suzuki, Y; Taniguchi, D; Ueno, Y; Urabe, T; Yamashiro, K, 2021)
" Secondary carnitine deficiency, which is frequently observed in hemodialysis patients, has been associated with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure and may impair myocardial fatty acid oxidation."	7.74	Myocardial function, energy provision, and carnitine deficiency in experimental uremia. ( Bhandari, S; Reddy, V; Seymour, AM, 2007)
"In the present study, serum total (TC), free (FC), and acyl (AC) carnitine levels were investigated in 20 healthy controls (13 males and 7 females) and 27 patients (10 males and 17 females) with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) undergoing regular chronic hemodialysis (CHD)."	7.69	Effect of chronic renal hemodialysis on serum total, free and acyl carnitine concentrations in adult chronic pyelonephritis patients. ( Alhomida, AS, 1997)
"Intradialytic hypotension is common complication in stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis."	6.84	Levocarnitine Decreases Intradialytic Hypotension Episodes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. ( Atilano-Díaz, A; Castillo-Torres, SA; Cruz-Valdez, J; Cuellar-Monterrubio, JE; Del Cueto-Aguilera, Á; Delgado-García, GR; Gallegos-Arguijo, DA; Ibarra-Sifuentes, HR; Martínez-Granados, RJ; Martínez-Guevara, EJ; Martínez-Jiménez, JG; Ortiz-Treviño, JF; Pezina-Cantú, CO; Sánchez-Martínez, C; Vera-Pineda, R, 2017)
"Carnitine was well tolerated, and no drug-related adverse effects were identified."	6.70	Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. ( Adler, S; Amato, A; Brass, EP; Hiatt, WR; Orlando, AM; Sietsema, KE, 2001)
"Carnitine is a conditionally essential metabolite that plays a critical role in cell physiology by participating in transesterification reactions and preventing organic acid accumulation."	6.41	Carnitine metabolism in uremia. ( Biolo, G; Guarnieri, G; Situlin, R, 2001)
"Carnitine plays an important role in regulating the flow of energetic substrates and their balance through cellular membranes."	6.38	[Carnitine metabolism in chronic kidney failure]. ( Castellucci, A; Fiorini, F; Patrone, E, 1992)
"Carnitine deficiency was significantly associated with increased intradialytic symptoms, including muscle spasms and hypotension."	5.72	Evaluation of the relationship between serum carnitine levels and intradialytic complications in children with kidney failure. ( Abbasi, A; Askarian, F; Bakhtiari Koohsorkhi, M; Bazargani, B; Fahimi, D; Moghtaderi, M; Mojtahedi, SY; Samimi, M, 2022)
"Carnitine was also reported to improve exercise tolerance and intradialytic symptoms."	5.34	Advances in carnitine in chronic uremia. ( Barazzoni, R; Biolo, G; Guarnieri, G; Massolino, B; Vinci, P, 2007)
"Carnitine deficiency was defined as a free carnitine level of less than 40 micromol/L."	5.34	Association of carnitine deficiency in Indian continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with anemia, erythropoietin use, residual renal function, and diabetes mellitus. ( Abraham, G; Ashok, BS; Baben, B; Jayanthi, V; Leslie, N; Ramalakshmi, S, 2007)
" We evaluate the efficacy of a peritoneal dialysis solution containing l-carnitine as an additive to improve insulin sensitivity."	5.17	Effect of an L-carnitine-containing peritoneal dialysate on insulin sensitivity in patients treated with CAPD: a 4-month, prospective, multicenter randomized trial. ( Arduini, A; Bertoli, S; Bonomini, M; Bosi, E; Cerasoli, P; Consoli, A; Corciulo, R; De Vecchi, A; Del Rosso, G; Di Castelnuovo, A; Di Liberato, L; Gesualdo, L; Giorgino, F; Marinangeli, G; Monaco, MP; Rossi, C; Russo, R; Shockley, T; Stingone, A, 2013)
"Carnitine deficiency is a commonly observed problem in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, which results in altered metabolism of fatty acids and subsequently development of dyslipidemia."	5.16	Oral carnitine supplementation for dyslipidemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. ( Harandi, AA; Moghadasi, M; Mortazavi, M; Naini, AE; Sadeghi, M, 2012)
"Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients frequently encounter carnitine depletion, elevated adipose tissue-derived hormones/cytokines, that may contribute to accelerated arteriosclerosis."	5.14	L-carnitine supplementation and adipokines in patients with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis. ( Csiky, B; Melegh, B; Nyul, Z; Rascher, W; Rauh, M; Sulyok, E; Tóth, G; Wittmann, I, 2010)
"Carnitine supplementation in hemodialyzed patients was studied in a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial in order to elucidate the effect of intravenous carnitine on renal anemia in patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO)."	5.09	Anemia and carnitine supplementation in hemodialyzed patients. ( Heinz-Peer, G; Hörl, WH; Kletzmayr, J; Kovarik, J; Legenstein, E; Leitha, T; Mayer, G, 1999)
"Low serum levels of the carnitine in chronic uremic patients treated by hemodialysis is one of the causes of muscle weakness."	5.08	[Levels of L-carnitine in serum of patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis (HD)]. ( Bombicki, K; Czarnecki, R; Kozioł, L; Wanic-Kossowska, M, 1998)
"Here, I present the effects of levocarnitine on renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with carnitine deficiency, focusing on the effect on dose reduction in erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and the influence on erythropoiesis resistance index."	4.98	Effects of Levocarnitine on Cardiac Function and Renal Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients. ( Higuchi, T, 2018)
" We included studies investigating pemoline and modafinil in participants with multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated fatigue and methylphenidate in patients suffering from advanced cancer and fatigue in meta-analysis."	4.91	Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care. ( Cuhls, H; Minton, O; Mücke, M; Peuckmann-Post, V; Radbruch, L; Stone, P, 2015)
"In the continuous effort to develop more efficacious strategies against the anorexia/cachexia syndrome, carnitine and nicotine may represent a further therapeutic tool."	4.83	Antimyopathic effects of carnitine and nicotine. ( Cascino, A; Guijarro, A; Laviano, A; Meguid, MM; Molfino, A; Muscaritoli, M; Preziosa, I; Rossi Fanelli, F, 2006)
"Although l-carnitine alleviated white-matter lesions in an experimental study, the treatment effects of l-carnitine on white-matter microstructural damage and cognitive decline in hemodialysis patients are unknown."	4.02	Possible Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine on White-Matter Microstructural Damage and Cognitive Decline in Hemodialysis Patients. ( Andica, C; Aoki, S; Hattori, N; Io, H; Kamagata, K; Miyamoto, N; Motoi, Y; Nakata, J; Saito, A; Shiina, K; Shindo, A; Suzuki, Y; Taniguchi, D; Ueno, Y; Urabe, T; Yamashiro, K, 2021)
"Carnitine deficiency contributes to developing various pathological conditions, such as cardiac dysfunction, muscle weakness, and erythropoietin-resistant anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis."	3.96	Association between carnitine deficiency and the erythropoietin resistance index in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a cross-sectional observational study. ( Aomatsu, A; Hirai, K; Ishii, H; Ito, K; Kaneko, S; Kitano, T; Matsuyama, M; Minato, S; Miyazawa, H; Morino, J; Morishita, Y; Mutsuyoshi, Y; Ookawara, S; Shindo, M; Ueda, Y; Yanai, K, 2020)
" Secondary carnitine deficiency, which is frequently observed in hemodialysis patients, has been associated with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure and may impair myocardial fatty acid oxidation."	3.74	Myocardial function, energy provision, and carnitine deficiency in experimental uremia. ( Bhandari, S; Reddy, V; Seymour, AM, 2007)
"In the present study, serum total (TC), free (FC), and acyl (AC) carnitine levels were investigated in 20 healthy controls (13 males and 7 females) and 27 patients (10 males and 17 females) with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) undergoing regular chronic hemodialysis (CHD)."	3.69	Effect of chronic renal hemodialysis on serum total, free and acyl carnitine concentrations in adult chronic pyelonephritis patients. ( Alhomida, AS, 1997)
"Carnitine has high dialyzability and is often deficient in dialysis patients."	2.87	Kinetics of carnitine concentration after switching from oral administration to intravenous injection in hemodialysis patients. ( Hashimoto, K; Osawa, H; Sakai, Y; Suzuki, A; Tsuruoka, S, 2018)
"Intradialytic hypotension is common complication in stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis."	2.84	Levocarnitine Decreases Intradialytic Hypotension Episodes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. ( Atilano-Díaz, A; Castillo-Torres, SA; Cruz-Valdez, J; Cuellar-Monterrubio, JE; Del Cueto-Aguilera, Á; Delgado-García, GR; Gallegos-Arguijo, DA; Ibarra-Sifuentes, HR; Martínez-Granados, RJ; Martínez-Guevara, EJ; Martínez-Jiménez, JG; Ortiz-Treviño, JF; Pezina-Cantú, CO; Sánchez-Martínez, C; Vera-Pineda, R, 2017)
"Free carnitine (FC) levels were measured before (40."	2.75	L-carnitine supplementation and EPO requirement in children on chronic hemodialysis. ( Aoun, B; Bensman, A; Bérard, E; Dehée, A; Ulinski, T; Vitkevic, R, 2010)
"Hypercoagulability is an important risk factor for thrombosis and its complications in hemodialysis patients."	2.75	Effects of L-Carnitine supplement on plasma coagulation and anticoagulation factors in hemodialysis patients. ( Ahmadinejad, M; Hakeshzadeh, F; Hedayati, M; Malakoutian, T; Tabibi, H, 2010)
" However, concerns about the possible deleterious consequences of such a dosage regimen still remain given that plasma concentrations of trimethylamine-N-oxide were continually rising and approximately doubled in a two-week period."	2.72	Oral L-carnitine: metabolite formation and hemodialysis. ( Bain, MA; Evans, AM; Faull, R; Milne, RW, 2006)
"Treatment with carnitine, a compound essential for normal mitochondrial function, has been suggested to have significant benefits in such patients, so we carried out a study to see if carnitine acts by improving muscle bioenergetics and function."	2.71	Effects of carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism by the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy in end-stage renal disease. ( Altmann, P; Bonomo, Y; Cooper, R; Graham, K; Rajagopalan, B; Styles, P; Taylor, DJ; Vaux, EC, 2004)
"A Tolbutamide test was done and blood sugar (BS), serum C-peptide (CP) were measured at 0, 20 and 60 minutes, as well as the plasma L-carnitine level before and after treatment."	2.71	L-carnitine consecutively administered to patients on hemodialysis improves beta-cell response. ( Assenova, B; Borissova, AM; Kirilov, G; Krivoshiev, S; Tchetirska, M; Vazelov, E, 2003)
"The carnitine-treated group showed a statistically significant decrease in serum C-reactive protein and increase in serum albumin and transferrin, blood hemoglobin, and body mass index."	2.71	L-carnitine infusions may suppress serum C-reactive protein and improve nutritional status in maintenance hemodialysis patients. ( Bellinghieri, G; Calvani, M; Ciolino, F; Kopple, JD; Mazzaglia, G; Monardo, P; Santoro, D; Savica, V, 2005)
"Carnitine was well tolerated, and no drug-related adverse effects were identified."	2.70	Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. ( Adler, S; Amato, A; Brass, EP; Hiatt, WR; Orlando, AM; Sietsema, KE, 2001)
"44 haemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure--HD (25 female, 19 male, mean age 47 +/- 12 years) were enrolled into this study."	2.70	[Levels of carnitine and homocysteine in plasma of long-term hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure]. ( Adamczak, M; Chudek, J; Domagała, B; Ignacy, W; Kania, M; Kokot, F; Rutkowski, B; Szczeklik, A; Wiecek, A; Łysiak-SzydŁowska, W, 2001)
" In summary, we could not show beneficial effects of L-carnitine administration in hemodialysis patients for the dosage and duration of treatment stated, either on phagocytic function and viability or on the clinical and biochemical parameters observed."	2.69	Effects of L-carnitine on leukocyte function and viability in hemodialysis patients: A double-blind randomized trial. ( Fischer, FP; Kuhlmann, U; Mettang, T; Pauli-Magnus, C; Thomas, S; Weber, J, 1999)
"L-carnitine treatment was associated with a significant drop in pre-dialysis concentrations of serum urea nitrogen, creatinine and phosphorus (means +/- SEM, 101 +/- 4."	2.67	Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. II. Clinical and biochemical effects. ( Ahmad, S; Ashbrook, DW; Golper, TA; Hirschberg, R; Katz, LA; Kopple, JD; Kurtin, P; Nicora, R; Robertson, HT; Wolfson, M, 1990)
"Carnitine was administered intravenously three times weekly at the end of hemodialysis in eight patients."	2.65	Lipid-lowering effect of carnitine in chronically uremic patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis. ( Campanacci, L; Ciman, M; Guarnieri, GF; Moracchiello, M; Ranieri, F; Rizzoli, V; Toigo, G; Vasile, A, 1980)
"Carnitine is a conditionally essential metabolite that plays a critical role in cell physiology."	2.52	Carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. ( Guarnieri, G, 2015)
"L-Carnitine has been used as adjuvant therapy in hemodialysis (HD) patients for many years."	2.50	Effect of L-carnitine therapy on patients in maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Liu, FY; Song, PA; Sun, L; Xiao, L; Xu, X; Yang, SK, 2014)
"Carnitine treatment has cardiovascular benefits including modulation of myocardial metabolism, reduction in necrotic cell death and infarct size, decrease in the incidence of arrhythmias and preservation of mechanical function."	2.48	Value of carnitine therapy in kidney dialysis patients and effects on cardiac function from human and animal studies. ( Bhandari, S; Molyneux, R; Seymour, AM, 2012)
"Carnitine deficiency has been described in various conditions, including chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD)."	2.43	The use of levo-carnitine in children with renal disease: a review and a call for future studies. ( Belay, B; Esteban-Cruciani, N; Kaskel, FJ; Walsh, CA, 2006)
" Although oral L-carnitine has been used for the treatment of DCD, the bioavailability of oral L-carnitine is low (<15%) in healthy subjects and unknown in patients with end-stage renal disease."	2.42	Dialysis-related carnitine disorder and levocarnitine pharmacology. ( Evans, A, 2003)
"Anemia is common in chronic renal failure."	2.42	The management of anemia in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Guidelines by an ad hoc European committee. ( Schröder, CH, 2003)
"L-carnitine (LC) plays an essential metabolic role that consists in transferring the long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) through the mitochondrial barrier, thus allowing their energy-yielding oxidation."	2.42	History of L-carnitine: implications for renal disease. ( Bellinghieri, G; Calvani, M; Costantino, G; Matera, M; Santoro, D; Savica, V, 2003)
"In patients with chronic renal failure, not yet undergoing hemodialysis (HD), plasma acylcarnitines accumulate in part due to a decreased renal clearance of esterified carnitine moieties."	2.42	Carnitine replacement in end-stage renal disease and hemodialysis. ( Amato, A; Benatti, P; Brass, EP; Calvani, M; D'Iddio, S; Giordano, V; Koverech, A; Mancinelli, A, 2004)
"Carnitine has been identified in a variety of mammalian tissues and has an obligate role in the mitochondrial oxidation of long-chain fatty acids through the action of specialized acyltransferases."	2.42	The role of carnitine in normal and altered fatty acid metabolism. ( Hoppel, C, 2003)
"Carnitine is a conditionally essential metabolite that plays a critical role in cell physiology by participating in transesterification reactions and preventing organic acid accumulation."	2.41	Carnitine metabolism in uremia. ( Biolo, G; Guarnieri, G; Situlin, R, 2001)
"Levocarnitine is a molecule required in mammalian energy metabolism."	2.40	Levocarnitine and muscle metabolism in patients with end-stage renal disease. ( Goral, S, 1998)
" The active vitamin D metabolites alfacalcidol and calcitriol may, under some circumstances, improve anaemia and reduce epoetin dosage requirements."	2.40	Is there a role for adjuvant therapy in patients being treated with epoetin? ( Hörl, WH, 1999)
"Carnitine has a dual role as it is required for long-chain fatty acid oxidation, and also shuttles accumulated acyl groups out of the mitochondria."	2.40	The role of carnitine and carnitine supplementation during exercise in man and in individuals with special needs. ( Brass, EP; Hiatt, WR, 1998)
"Carnitine plays an important role in regulating the flow of energetic substrates and their balance through cellular membranes."	2.38	[Carnitine metabolism in chronic kidney failure]. ( Castellucci, A; Fiorini, F; Patrone, E, 1992)
"Carnitine deficiency was significantly associated with increased intradialytic symptoms, including muscle spasms and hypotension."	1.72	Evaluation of the relationship between serum carnitine levels and intradialytic complications in children with kidney failure. ( Abbasi, A; Askarian, F; Bakhtiari Koohsorkhi, M; Bazargani, B; Fahimi, D; Moghtaderi, M; Mojtahedi, SY; Samimi, M, 2022)
"Carnitine fractions were measured by the enzymatic cycling method."	1.62	Kinetics of Serum Carnitine Fractions in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Not on Dialysis. ( Fukami, K; Ito, S; Kaida, Y; Kinoshita, Y; Kodama, G; Nakayama, Y; Tashiro, K; Yano, J; Yokota, Y, 2021)
"MMA is associated with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis and a progressive decline in GFR."	1.51	Kidney disease and organ transplantation in methylmalonic acidaemia. ( Atkison, P; Avitzur, Y; Filler, G; Noone, D; Prasad, C; Riedl, M; Sharma, AP; Siriwardena, K, 2019)
"Studies of lipids in CKD, including ESRD, have been limited to measures of conventional lipid profiles."	1.48	Impaired ( Afshinnia, F; Bellovich, K; Byun, J; Gipson, D; Hawkins, J; Michailidis, G; Pennathur, S; Rajendiran, TM; Sas, KM; Soni, T; Wernisch, S, 2018)
"End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients present high levels of phosphorus and calcium products in serum, which contribute to the development of vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease, and to low iron stores and carnitine deficiency."	1.48	Influence of Carnicor, Venofer, and Sevelamer on the levels of genotoxic damage in end-stage renal disease patients. ( Coll, E; Corredor, ZF; Marcos, R; Pastor, S; Rodríguez-Ribera, L; Stoyanova, E, 2018)
" Omission of one single dosage of supplemental carnitine in long-term administration schemes results in dramatic decrease and reprofiling of carnitine esters even after the usual 44 h of interdialytic period."	1.38	Dramatic decrease of carnitine esters after interruption of exogenous carnitine supply in hemodialysis patients. ( Bene, J; Csiky, B; Melegh, B; Sulyok, E; Wittmann, I, 2012)
"Carnitine deficiency was defined as a free carnitine level of less than 40 micromol/L."	1.34	Association of carnitine deficiency in Indian continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with anemia, erythropoietin use, residual renal function, and diabetes mellitus. ( Abraham, G; Ashok, BS; Baben, B; Jayanthi, V; Leslie, N; Ramalakshmi, S, 2007)
"L-carnitine removal was mediated solely by intermittent haemodialysis, which was incorporated into the model as an experimentally derived dialysis clearance value that was linked to an on-off pulse function."	1.34	A pharmacokinetic model for L-carnitine in patients receiving haemodialysis. ( Evans, AM; Fornasini, G; Upton, RN, 2007)
"Carnitine was also reported to improve exercise tolerance and intradialytic symptoms."	1.34	Advances in carnitine in chronic uremia. ( Barazzoni, R; Biolo, G; Guarnieri, G; Massolino, B; Vinci, P, 2007)
"Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing long-term haemodialysis exhibit low L-carnitine and elevated acylcarnitine concentrations."	1.33	Impact of haemodialysis on individual endogenous plasma acylcarnitine concentrations in end-stage renal disease. ( Chace, DH; Evans, AM; Faull, RJ; Fornasini, G; Reuter, SE, 2005)
"Nine ESRD patients (age: 47 +/- 3; mean +/- SEM) were studied."	1.33	Short-term effects of nocturnal haemodialysis on carnitine metabolism. ( Chan, CT; Fisher, L; Geary, DF; Hothi, DK, 2006)
"Carnitine compounds were measured by tandem mass spectrometry (A) and electron spray mass spectrometry (B)."	1.33	Relationship between serum carnitine, acylcarnitines, and renal function in patients with chronic renal disease. ( Fouque, D; Guebre-Egziabher, F; Hadj-Aïssa, A; Holt, S; Hoppel, CL; Kopple, JD; Nakamura, K; Vianey-Saban, C, 2006)
"End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment have reduced plasma L-carnitine levels; however, the relationship between dialysis age and carnitine status is poorly understood."	1.32	Impact of hemodialysis on endogenous plasma and muscle carnitine levels in patients with end-stage renal disease. ( Elias, T; Evans, AM; Faull, RJ; Fornasini, G; Nation, RL; Prasad, S; Reuter, SE, 2004)
"L-Carnitine is a cofactor required for transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix."	1.32	L-carnitine ameliorates oxidative damage due to chronic renal failure in rats. ( Alican, I; Kaçmaz, A; Paskaloğlu, K; Sakarcan, A; Satiroglu, H; Sener, G, 2004)
" There was also a slight reduction of erythropoietin dosage and an improvement of clinical status."	1.31	Beneficial effects of L-carnitine in dialysis patients with impaired left ventricular function: an observational study. ( Carraro, G; Lidestri, V; Naso, A; Romagnoli, GF, 2002)
" The predialysis and postdialysis plasma levels of L-carnitine decreased once dosing was ceased but had not returned to pretreatment levels after 6 weeks."	1.31	Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing long-term hemodialysis. ( Evans, AM; Faull, R; Fornasini, G; Lemanowicz, EF; Longo, A; Nation, RL; Pace, S, 2000)
"Carnitor use for carnitine deficiency in chronic renal failure is a multidisciplinary management issue."	1.30	Use of Carnitor for Epogen resistant anemia. ( Simard, JC, 1999)
"As carnitine is an important cofactor for muscle energy metabolism, exercise performance and skeletal muscle carnitine metabolism were characterized in eight HD patients, and in five age-matched controls."	1.28	Carnitine metabolism during exercise in patients on chronic hemodialysis. ( Brass, EP; Hiatt, WR; Koziol, BJ; Shapiro, JI, 1992)
"L-Carnitine substitution was carried out over four weeks per dose level."	1.28	[Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid metabolism of renal failure, dialysis-dependent children and adolescents]. ( Böhles, H; Michalk, D; von Wendt-Göknur, E, 1991)
"L-carnitine is an essential substance for the decomposition of long-chain fatty acids and thus for the obtaining of energy in the mitochondria."	1.28	[Secondary L-carnitine deficiency in chronic hemodialysis patients]. ( Achenbach, H; Löster, H; Seim, H; Strauss, B; Würzberger, G, 1989)
"Sixteen chronic renal failure patients on acetate dialysis were orally administered 1,200 mg of L-carnitine chloride per day for 12 weeks."	1.28	Effects of L-carnitine administration on short-chain fatty acid (acetic acid) and long-chain fatty acid metabolism during hemodialysis. ( Kobayakawa, H; Maeda, K; Shinzato, T, 1989)
"The effects of chronic administration of L-carnitine were evaluated by EMG analysis in 20 uraemic patients undergoing periodical haemodialysis (mean duration of dialysis 34."	1.27	Effects of carnitine administration in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing periodic dialysis, evaluated by computerized electromyography. ( Alfarone, C; Calvani, M; D'Iddio, S; Feola, I; Frascarelli, M; Rocchi, L, 1986)
" The recommended dosage of clofibrate is 1."	1.26	[Fat and renal failure--therapeutic aspects]. ( Heidland, A; Hörl, M; Hörl, WH, 1982)
"Carnitine concentration was measured in plasma, muscle, and dialysate before and after haemodialysis in patients with renal failure and in plasma and muscle of healthy controls."	1.26	Carnitine deficiency induced during intermittent haemodialysis for renal failure. ( Bergrem, H; Bohmer, T; Eiklid, K, 1978)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	38 (19.29)	18.7374
1990's	40 (20.30)	18.2507
2000's	72 (36.55)	29.6817
2010's	38 (19.29)	24.3611
2020's	9 (4.57)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Impact of Hemodialysis on Plasma Carnitine Levels in Patients With End Stage Renal Disease[NCT05817799]	Phase 2/Phase 3	83 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Recruiting
Phase 2 Study of the Effect of a Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Containing Glucose (1.5%) and L-carnitine (0.1%) on Insulin Sensitivity in Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis[NCT00755456]	Phase 2	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
Feasibility Study of Adjunctive Bright Light Therapy (BLT) for Amelioration of Fatigue in Chinese Cancer Patients Admitted to a Palliative Care Unit[NCT04525924]		42 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-01	Recruiting
Estudio clínico Fase III Para Evaluar la Eficacia terapéutica en Pacientes Mexicanos Con Dislipidemia Mediante el Uso vía Oral de L-Carnitina + Atorvastatina Comparado Con Atorvastatina[NCT03696940]	Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-28	Active, not recruiting
Carnitine Deficiency and Benefits of Its Supplementation in Pediatric Hemodialysis Patients[NCT05948124]	Early Phase 1	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-01	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
Current Opinion on Usage of L-Carnitine in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2019, Sep-23, Volume: 24, Issue:19 Topics: Carnitine; Erythrocytes; Glucose; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Osmosis; Peritoneal Dialysis; Ult	2019
The role of carnitine in maintenance dialysis therapy. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2021, Volume: 36, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Peritone	2021
Effects of Levocarnitine on Cardiac Function and Renal Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients. Contributions to nephrology, 2018, Volume: 196 Topics: Anemia; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Heart; Hematinics; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Kidney Failure, Chro	2018
Significance of L-carnitine in internal medicine. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2019, Mar-11, Volume: 91, Issue:1 Topics: Antioxidants; Carnitine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Heart; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Humans; Inter	2019
L-Carnitine supplementation for adults with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014, Volume: 99, Issue:2 Topics: C-Reactive Protein; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Databases, Factual; Dietary Supplements; Erythropoietin;	2014
Effect of L-carnitine therapy on patients in maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of nephrology, 2014, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Biomarkers; Carnitine; Chi-Square Distribution; Health Status; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chron	2014
Carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2015, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2015
Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, May-30, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Amantadine; Benzhydryl Compounds; Carnitine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chronic Disea	2015
Carnitine in metabolic disease: potential for pharmacological intervention. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2008, Volume: 120, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Metabolic Diseases; R	2008
Malnutrition in the elderly patient on dialysis. Renal failure, 2009, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Comorbidity; Dietary Supplements; Humans	2009
Risk factors and metabolic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of uraemic cardiac disease. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), 2011, 01-01, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Albuminuria; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Calcium Phosphates; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Homocysteine; Hu	2011
Value of carnitine therapy in kidney dialysis patients and effects on cardiac function from human and animal studies. Current drug targets, 2012, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Heart; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Renal Dialysis	2012
L carnitine in hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis, 2012, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2012
History of L-carnitine: implications for renal disease. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kidney Fai	2003
Practice recommendations for the use of L-carnitine in dialysis-related carnitine disorder. National Kidney Foundation Carnitine Consensus Conference. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Fatigue; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypotension; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal	2003
L-carnitine use in dialysis patients: is national coverage for supplementation justified? What were CMS regulators thinking--or were they? Nephrology news & issues, 2003, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Carnitine; Government Agencies; Humans; Insurance Coverage; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Medicaid; Medic	2003
The management of anemia in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Guidelines by an ad hoc European committee. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2003, Volume: 18, Issue:8 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Child; Erythropoietin; Europe; Humans; Iron; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Practice Gu	2003
Dialysis-related carnitine disorder and levocarnitine pharmacology. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Biological Availability; Carnitine; Creatinine; Female; Homeostasis; Hu	2003
The role of carnitine in normal and altered fatty acid metabolism. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Fatty Acids; Heart Failure; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; L	2003
L-carnitine treatment of anemia. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Erythrocytes; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2003
A review of the impact of L-carnitine therapy on patient functionality in maintenance hemodialysis. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Muscle Weakness; Quality of	2003
[Anemia in chronic renal failure. The role of L-carnitine in the treatment of anemia of hemodialyzed patients]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 2003, Volume: 109, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Platelet Aggrega	2003
[Dilated cardiomyopathy]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2004, Volume: 62 Suppl 5 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Anticoagulants; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Carnit	2004
[Hyporesponsiveness to recombinant human erythropoietin therapy in anemic patients on hemodialysis]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2004, Volume: 62 Suppl 6 Topics: Aluminum; Anemia; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Drug Resista	2004
[Energy and nutrition in maintenance dialysis--significance of carnitine and cytokine in malnutrition]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2004, Volume: 62 Suppl 6 Topics: Carnitine; Cytokines; Dialysis; Energy Intake; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Kidney Failure, Chron	2004
Carnitine replacement in end-stage renal disease and hemodialysis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2004, Volume: 1033 Topics: Anemia; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2004
Therapeutic effects of L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine on cardiovascular diseases: a review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2004, Volume: 1033 Topics: Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Liver; Myoc	2004
Roles of organic anion transporters (OATs) and a urate transporter (URAT1) in the pathophysiology of human disease. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2005, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Carnitine; Carrier Proteins; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Kidney F	2005
Pharmacologic adjuvants to epoetin in the treatment of anemia in patients on hemodialysis. Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis, 2005, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; Androgens; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Carnitine;	2005
Levocarnitine and dialysis: a review. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Fatty Acids; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2005
The use of levo-carnitine in children with renal disease: a review and a call for future studies. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2006, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Child; Dyslipidemias; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Stereoiso	2006
Newer aspects of carnitine metabolism in uremia. Seminars in nephrology, 2006, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis; Uremia	2006
Antimyopathic effects of carnitine and nicotine. Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care, 2006, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anorexia; Cachexia; Carnitine; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Kidney Failure, Ch	2006
L-carnitine supplementation in the dialysis population: are Australian patients missing out? Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2008, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia; Ascorbic Acid; Carnitine; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Prevalence; Re	2008
[Alterations of fat metabolism in renal disease - pathogenetic mechanisms (author's transl)]. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1982, Apr-01, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Diuretics; Humans; Hyperlipop	1982
L-carnitine in dialysed patients: the choice of dosage regimen. International journal of clinical pharmacology research, 1995, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	1995
Meeting the challenges of a new millennium: optimizing the use of recombinant human erythropoietin. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 1998, Volume: 13 Suppl 2 Topics: Anemia; Ascorbic Acid; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytokines; Drug Administration Schedule;	1998
The role of carnitine and carnitine supplementation during exercise in man and in individuals with special needs. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1998, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Arteriosclerosis; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dietary Supplements; Energy Metabolism; Exerc	1998
Levocarnitine and muscle metabolism in patients with end-stage renal disease. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 1998, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Muscles; Renal Dialysis	1998
Is there a role for adjuvant therapy in patients being treated with epoetin? Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 1999, Volume: 14 Suppl 2 Topics: Androgens; Anemia; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Ascorbic Acid; Carnitine; Cytokines; Er	1999
Carnitine metabolism in uremia. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2001, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Suppl 1 Topics: Carnitine; Cytoplasm; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Mitochondria; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous	2001
Pharmacologic options available to treat symptomatic intradialytic hypotension. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2001, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Autonomic Nervous System; Caffeine; Carnitine; Ephedrine; Fludrocortisone; Hemodi	2001
Adjunctive therapy in anaemia management. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2002, Volume: 17 Suppl 5 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Erythropoietin; Humans; Iron; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Oxida	2002
[Carnitine metabolism in chronic kidney failure]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1992, Volume: 140, Issue:1 Pt 2 Topics: Carnitine; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	1992
Carnitine metabolism in chronic renal failure. Acute effects of carnitine addition to the dialysate during acetate hemodialysis. Contributions to nephrology, 1988, Volume: 65 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Renal Dialys	1988
Carnitine abnormalities in patients with renal insufficiency. Pathophysiological and therapeutical aspects. Nephron, 1988, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	1988

Article	Year
A New Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Containing L-Carnitine and Xylitol for Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: First Clinical Experience. Toxins, 2021, 02-24, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Glucose; Humans; Italy; Kidney Failure, Chronic;	2021
Levocarnitine Decreases Intradialytic Hypotension Episodes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, 2017, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; M	2017
Kinetics of carnitine concentration after switching from oral administration to intravenous injection in hemodialysis patients. Renal failure, 2018, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Failure, Chro	2018
Efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation for improving lean body mass and physical function in patients on hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2019, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Composition; Cardiomyopathies; Carn	2019
Effect of an L-carnitine-containing peritoneal dialysate on insulin sensitivity in patients treated with CAPD: a 4-month, prospective, multicenter randomized trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Glucose; Glucose Clamp Technique; Humans; Insuli	2013
Effects of levocarnitine on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrients, 2014, Dec-22, Volume: 6, Issue:12 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Ankle Brachial Index; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Blood Flow Velocity;	2014
Levocarnitine Improves Cardiac Function in Hemodialysis Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2016, Volume: 67, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Kidney Failure, C	2016
L-carnitine supplementation and EPO requirement in children on chronic hemodialysis. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2010, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Erythropoietin; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Injections, Intravenous;	2010
Effects of L-carnitine on oxidative stress responses in patients with renal disease. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2010, Volume: 42, Issue:10 Topics: Antioxidants; Carnitine; Catalase; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Fatigue; Glutathione; Glutathione	2010
L-carnitine supplementation and adipokines in patients with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis. Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 2010, Volume: 118, Issue:10 Topics: Adipokines; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arteriosclerosis; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intrave	2010
Effects of L-Carnitine supplement on plasma coagulation and anticoagulation factors in hemodialysis patients. Renal failure, 2010, Volume: 32, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Coagulation; Blood Coagulation Factors; C-Reactive Protein; Cardiovascular Diseas	2010
The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters, inflammatory and nutritional markers in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 2011, Volume: 22, Issue:6 Topics: Apolipoproteins A; Apolipoproteins B; C-Reactive Protein; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Female; Hu	2011
Oral carnitine supplementation for dyslipidemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 2012, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Dietary Supplements; Dyslipidemias; Femal	2012
L-carnitine consecutively administered to patients on hemodialysis improves beta-cell response. The International journal of artificial organs, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carnitine; Drug Administration Schedule; D	2003
Effects of carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism by the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy in end-stage renal disease. Nephron. Clinical practice, 2004, Volume: 97, Issue:2 Topics: Blood Chemical Analysis; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Energy Metabolism; Exercise Test; Exercise	2004
L-carnitine infusions may suppress serum C-reactive protein and improve nutritional status in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2005, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Body Mass Index; C-Reactive Protein; Carnitine; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Kidney Failure, C	2005
Effect of L-carnitine on the serum lipoproteins and HDL-C subclasses in hemodialysis patients. Nephron. Clinical practice, 2005, Volume: 101, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Animals; Carnitine; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, VLDL; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chro	2005
Results of a single blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to study the effect of intravenous L-carnitine supplementation on health-related quality of life in Indian patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Indian journal of medical sciences, 2006, Volume: 60, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; India; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Failur	2006
Propionyl-L-carnitine therapy: effects on endothelin-1 and homocysteine levels in patients with peripheral arterial disease and end-stage renal disease. Kidney & blood pressure research, 2006, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Ankle; Branchial Region; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Endothelin-1; Homocysteine; Humans; Infusio	2006
Oral L-carnitine: metabolite formation and hemodialysis. Current drug metabolism, 2006, Volume: 7, Issue:7 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Methylamines; M	2006
L-carnitine inhibits a subset of platelet activation responses in chronic uraemia. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2007, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Blood Platelets; Carnitine; Caspases; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic	2007
Insulin action on glucose and protein metabolism during L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glucose; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Insulin; Ins	2008
[Study of aerobic capacity in chronic hemodialized patients: effect of L-carnitine supplementation]. Medicina clinica, 2008, Apr-05, Volume: 130, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Exercise; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	2008
L-carnitine supplementation decreases the left ventricular mass in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2008, Volume: 72, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Carnitine; Echocardiography; Female; Hemat	2008
Correlation between increased serum and tissue L-carnitine levels and improved muscle symptoms in hemodialyzed patients. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1983, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Asthenia; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Midd	1983
Lipid-lowering effect of carnitine in chronically uremic patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1980, Volume: 33, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Placebos; Renal D	1980
Correlation between serum carnitine levels and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in hemodialysis patients. Nephron, 1996, Volume: 72, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anemia; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carnitine; Centrifugation; Erythropoiet	1996
Response to recombinant human erythropoietin (r-Hu EPO) and L-carnitine combination in patients with anemia of end-stage renal disease. Nephron, 1996, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythropoietin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Recom	1996
Quality of life during and between hemodialysis treatments: role of L-carnitine supplementation. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1998, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Diabetes Complications; Female; Hea	1998
[Levels of L-carnitine in serum of patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis (HD)]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 1998, Volume: 99, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Musc	1998
Anemia and carnitine supplementation in hemodialyzed patients. Kidney international. Supplement, 1999, Volume: 69 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Erythrocyte Aging; Erythrocyte Count; Erythropo	1999
Effects of L-carnitine on leukocyte function and viability in hemodialysis patients: A double-blind randomized trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1999, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-B	1999
[The efficacy of the substitution of carnivit in patients with chronic failure treated with hemodialysis]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 1999, Volume: 102, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis	1999
Oral L-carnitine does not decrease erythropoietin requirement in pediatric dialysis. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2000, Volume: 15, Issue:1-2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Anemia; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response R	2000
Evaluation of the effect of intravenous l-carnitine on quality of life in chronic hemodialysis patients. Clinical nephrology, 2000, Volume: 54, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; K	2000
Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2001, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carbon Dioxide; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Exercise Test; Exercise Tolerance; Fati	2001
[Levels of carnitine and homocysteine in plasma of long-term hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 2001, Volume: 106, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Female; Homocysteine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Di	2001
Evaluation of the effect of intravenous L-carnitine therapy on function, structure and fatty acid metabolism of skeletal muscle in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis. Nephron, 1991, Volume: 57, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Fatty Acids; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Failure, Chroni	1991
Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. I. Carnitine concentrations and lipid effects. Kidney international, 1990, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged;	1990
Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. II. Clinical and biochemical effects. Kidney international, 1990, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Exercise; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male	1990
Carnitine and weakness in haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 1989, Volume: 4, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Biopsy; Carnitine; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Isometric Contraction; Ki	1989
Effect of dialysate composition on the lipid response to L-carnitine supplementation. Kidney international. Supplement, 1989, Volume: 27 Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dialysis Solutions;	1989

Article	Year
Evaluation of the relationship between serum carnitine levels and intradialytic complications in children with kidney failure. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2022, Volume: 37, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Child; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Hypotension; Kidney Failure,	2022
Effect of L-Carnitine on Amino Acid Metabolism in Elderly Patients Undergoing Regular Hemodialysis. Blood purification, 2020, Volume: 49, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amino Acids; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Midd	2020
Association between carnitine deficiency and the erythropoietin resistance index in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a cross-sectional observational study. Renal failure, 2020, Volume: 42, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Resistance; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; J	2020
Kinetics of Serum Carnitine Fractions in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Not on Dialysis. The Kurume medical journal, 2021, Oct-06, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amino Acids; Carnitine; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Fail	2021
A Novel Formulation of Glucose-Sparing Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions with l-Carnitine Improves Biocompatibility on Human Mesothelial Cells. International journal of molecular sciences, 2020, Dec-24, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; Carnitine; Cell Survival; Cytokines; Dialysis Solutions; Epit	2020
Effectiveness of monitoring free carnitine levels for L-carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis patients to maintain carnitine sufficiency and nutritional factors. Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, 2021, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Kidney Failu	2021
Possible Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine on White-Matter Microstructural Damage and Cognitive Decline in Hemodialysis Patients. Nutrients, 2021, Apr-14, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cross-Sectional Stu	2021
Association between resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and carnitine profile in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2018, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Chromatography, Liquid; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Re	2018
Impaired Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2018, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lip	2018
[Supplementation with high-dose L-carnitine on hemodialysis tolerance in uremic patients with severe heart diseases]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2017, Dec-26, Volume: 97, Issue:48 Topics: Carnitine; Heart Diseases; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2017
Influence of Carnicor, Venofer, and Sevelamer on the levels of genotoxic damage in end-stage renal disease patients. Environmental and molecular mutagenesis, 2018, Volume: 59, Issue:4 Topics: Carnitine; Chelating Agents; Comet Assay; DNA Damage; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferric Oxide, Saccha	2018
A Significant Difference in the Blood Carnitine Values Obtained by the Enzymatic Cycling and Tandem Mass Spectrometry Methods. Clinical laboratory, 2018, Jan-01, Volume: 64, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Carnitine; Dried Blood Spot Testing; Female	2018
The Unexpected Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Lipid Metabolism in Hemodialysis Patients. Kidney & blood pressure research, 2018, Volume: 43, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Albumins; Body Composition; Carnitine; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Kidney	2018
Prevalence of Carnitine Deficiency and Decreased Carnitine Levels in Patients on Hemodialysis. Blood purification, 2019, Volume: 47 Suppl 2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Cohort Studies; Female; Hemodiafiltration; Humans; Japan; Kidney	2019
Kidney disease and organ transplantation in methylmalonic acidaemia. Pediatric transplantation, 2019, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Cystatin C; Di	2019
A plasma long-chain acylcarnitine predicts cardiovascular mortality in incident dialysis patients. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2013, Dec-05, Volume: 2, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Chi-S	2013
L-Carnitine status in end-stage renal disease patients on automated peritoneal dialysis. Journal of nephrology, 2014, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Automation; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Chromatogra	2014
Clinical significance of different carnitine levels for improving the prognosis of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Renal failure, 2016, Volume: 38, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; China; Female; Humans; Kidney Failu	2016
Endogenous plasma carnitine pool composition and response to erythropoietin treatment in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2009, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance; E	2009
The effects of L-carnitine therapy on respiratory function tests in chronic hemodialysis patients. Renal failure, 2010, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; R	2010
Dramatic decrease of carnitine esters after interruption of exogenous carnitine supply in hemodialysis patients. Renal failure, 2012, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; En	2012
Effect of hemodialysis session on the dynamics of carnitine ester profile changes in L-carnitine pretreated end-stage renal disease patients. International urology and nephrology, 2013, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Female; Follow-Up	2013
Signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE1) level in hemodialysis patients and parameters affecting that level. Clinical biochemistry, 2012, Volume: 45, Issue:16-17 Topics: Aged; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; CD40 Ligand; Creatinine; Erythropoi	2012
Beneficial effects of combination therapy of intradialytic parenteral nutrition and oral L-carnitine administration. International urology and nephrology, 2013, Volume: 45, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Combined Modality Therapy; Follow-Up Studies; Human	2013
The influence of l-carnitine supplementation on hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in patients with end stage renal failure on CAPD. Renal failure, 2002, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Hematocrit; Hemoglob	2002
Gender and age differences in plasma carnitine, muscle strength, and exercise tolerance in haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2002, Volume: 17, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Carnitine; Female; Hand Strength; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chr	2002
Uremic myopathy. Kidney international, 2002, Volume: 62, Issue:5 Topics: Biopsy; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Muscl	2002
Plasma carnitine profile during chronic renal anemia treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin. The International journal of artificial organs, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Epoetin Alfa; Erythropoietin; Female; Ferritins; Hematin	2003
CMS national coverage decision for L-carnitine injection--a reasonable process. Nephrology news & issues, 2003, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Carnitine; Government Agencies; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Insurance Coverage; Kidney Failure,	2003
On the evolving nature of understanding dialysis-related disorders. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Myocardium; Renal Dialysis	2003
L-carnitine can be measured accurately--and cost-effectively. Nephrology news & issues, 2003, Volume: 17, Issue:7 Topics: Carnitine; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cost-Benefit Anal	2003
Carnitine supplementation improves apolipoprotein B levels in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2003, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Adolescent; Apolipoproteins; Apolipoproteins B; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Presc	2003
Serum carnitine concentrations correlated to clinical outcome parameters in chronic hemodialysis patients. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2004, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carnitine; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Huma	2004
L-carnitine ameliorates oxidative damage due to chronic renal failure in rats. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2004, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Carnitine; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Er	2004
Carnitine: a false dawn in the treatment of muscle weakness in end-stage renal failure patients? Nephron. Clinical practice, 2004, Volume: 97, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Exercise Tolerance; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscle Weaknes	2004
Impact of hemodialysis on endogenous plasma and muscle carnitine levels in patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney international, 2004, Volume: 66, Issue:4 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	2004
Role of carnitine in modulating acute-phase protein synthesis in hemodialysis patients. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2005, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Acute-Phase Proteins; C-Reactive Protein; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Hemoglobins; Humans; Inflamm	2005
Inflammation and carnitine in hemodialysis patients. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2005, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Atherosclerosis; Carnitine; Chemokine CCL2; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; JNK Mitogen-Activat	2005
The evaluation of postdialysis L-carnitine administration and its effect on weekly requiring doses of rHuEPO in hemodialysis patients. Renal failure, 2005, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination	2005
Changes in the composition of carnitines in hemodialysis patients. Kidney international, 2005, Volume: 68, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2005
Impact of haemodialysis on individual endogenous plasma acylcarnitine concentrations in end-stage renal disease. Annals of clinical biochemistry, 2005, Volume: 42, Issue:Pt 5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Rena	2005
Relationship between serum carnitine, acylcarnitines, and renal function in patients with chronic renal disease. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2006, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Kidney; Kidne	2006
Short-term effects of nocturnal haemodialysis on carnitine metabolism. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2006, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Biological Factors; Carnitine; Circadian Rhythm; Colorimetry; Disease Progression; Female; Fo	2006
Myocardial function, energy provision, and carnitine deficiency in experimental uremia. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2007, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Cardiomegaly; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Energ	2007
Advances in carnitine in chronic uremia. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2007, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Energy Metabolism; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal D	2007
A pharmacokinetic model for L-carnitine in patients receiving haemodialysis. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2007, Volume: 64, Issue:3 Topics: Australia; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Metabo	2007
Association of carnitine deficiency in Indian continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with anemia, erythropoietin use, residual renal function, and diabetes mellitus. Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, 2007, Volume: 27 Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Chi-Square Distribution; Diabetes Mellitus; Erythropoietin; Female;	2007
Carnitine improves lipid anomalies in haemodialysis patients. Lancet (London, England), 1980, Oct-11, Volume: 2, Issue:8198 Topics: Adult; Arteriosclerosis; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lipids; Li	1980
[Lipid metabolism and lipid utilization in renal failure]. Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung, 1983, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Energy Metabolism; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Humans;	1983
Plasma and muscle carnitine levels in haemodialysis patients with morphological-ultrastructural examination of muscle samples. Nephron, 1983, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Muscles; Renal Dialysi	1983
[Serum levels and urine excretion of L-carnitine in patients with normal and impaired kidney function]. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1984, Mar-15, Volume: 62, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Creatinine; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Kidney F	1984
[Plasma l-carnitine in patients with chronic hemodialysis. II. Pharmacokinetics of l-carnitine and its replacement therapy in these patients]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 1984, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Di	1984
[Effect of D-L carnitine on the metabolism of plasma lipids, copper and zinc in hemodialysis]. Revista clinica espanola, 1983, Jan-15, Volume: 168, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Copper; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lipids; Male; Renal Dialysis; Triglyceri	1983
Quantitative assessment of carnitine loss during haemodialysis and haemofiltration. Proceedings of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association. European Dialysis and Transplant Association, 1983, Volume: 19 Topics: Blood; Carnitine; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Peritoneal Dialysis, Conti	1983
Endocrine-metabolic effects of l-carnitine in patients on regular dialysis treatment. Proceedings of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association. European Dialysis and Transplant Association, 1983, Volume: 19 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Female; Hormones	1983
Effect of dialysis on serum carnitine, free fatty acids, and triglyceride levels in man and the rat. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1982, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetic Nephropathies; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chro	1982
[Fat and renal failure--therapeutic aspects]. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1982, Volume: 60, Issue:15 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Bezafibrate; Carnitine; Charcoal; Clofibrate; Clofibric Acid; Humans;	1982
Perturbation of serum carnitine levels in human adults by chronic renal disease and dialysis therapy. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1981, Volume: 34, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Creatinine; Extracellular Space; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chron	1981
Plasma carnitine concentrations and dyslipidemia in children on maintenance hemodialysis. The Journal of pediatrics, 1981, Volume: 99, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Hyperlipoproteinemias; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lipids;	1981
Electromyographic changes induced by oral carnitine treatment in dialysis patients. Proceedings of the Clinical Dialysis and Transplant Forum, 1980, Volume: 10 Topics: Action Potentials; Administration, Oral; Adult; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Electromyography; Electrophy	1980
Amino acid and carnitine supplementation in haemodialysed children. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 1994, Volume: 8, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acids; Carnitine; Child; Diet; Female; Food, Fortified; Humans; Kidney Failure, Ch	1994
[Case of secondary carnitine deficiency (in a patient undergoing hemodialysis), developing rhabdomyolysis due to dehydration and the action of a hypolipemic agent]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 1993, Dec-10, Volume: 82, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Bezafibrate; Carnitine; Dehydration; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Renal Dialysis; R	1993
Effects of nutritional status and oral essential amino acid replacement on serum L-carnitine levels of chronically hemodialyzed patients. Nephron, 1996, Volume: 72, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Diet; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lysine; Male; Methio	1996
L-carnitine and erythropoietin requirements in hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1996, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Erythropoietin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Recombinant Proteins; Rena	1996
Free and esterified carnitine in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Kidney international, 1996, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Pe	1996
Effect of oral L-carnitine on serum myoglobin in hemodialysis patients. Renal failure, 1996, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Muscular Diseases	1996
[Level of total plasma carnitine in patients with chronic renal failure in the course of diabetes and other etiologies treated with hemodialysis]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 1995, Volume: 94, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Cellulose; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male;	1995
Effect of chronic renal hemodialysis on serum total, free and acyl carnitine concentrations in adult chronic pyelonephritis patients. Archives of medical research, 1997,Spring, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Acylation; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Female; Humans; Kidney	1997
The effect of propionyl L-carnitine on skeletal muscle metabolism in renal failure. Clinical nephrology, 1997, Volume: 47, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Anemia; Carnitine; Exercise; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Kidney Failure, Ch	1997
Influence of sex and chronic haemodialysis treatment on total, free and acyl carnitine concentrations in human serum. International urology and nephrology, 1997, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male	1997
Effect of carnitine supplementation on cardiac function in hemodialyzed children. Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition, 1998, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Child; Dietary Supplements; Female; Heart Function Tests; Hematocrit;	1998
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on muscular symptoms in hemodialyzed patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1998, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; M	1998
Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters in hemodialysis patients. American journal of nephrology, 1998, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Apolipoproteins; Buffers; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Hyp	1998
Plasma carnitine levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Nephron, 1998, Volume: 80, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Humans; Kid	1998
Use of Carnitor for Epogen resistant anemia. ANNA journal, 1999, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anemia; Carnitine; Drug Resistance; Epoetin Alfa; Erythropoietin; Hematinic	1999
L-Carnitine supplementation in a hemodialysis patient with a mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene. Nephron, 2000, Volume: 85, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Diabetic Nephropathies; DNA, Mitochondrial; DNA, Ribosomal; Heart; Humans; Kidney	2000
Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing long-term hemodialysis. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2000, Volume: 68, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve; Carnitine; Chromatography, Hig	2000
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on renal anemia in poor responders to erythropoietin. Blood purification, 2001, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Erythrocytes; Erythropoietin; Female; Hematocri	2001
Erythropoietin-resistant refractory renal anemia: effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation. Clinical nephrology, 2001, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Anemia; Carnitine; Disease Progression; Drug Resistance; Erythropoietin;	2001
Effect of hemodialysis on carnitine levels in children with chronic renal failure. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 2002, Volume: 44, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Renal Dialysis	2002
Beneficial effects of L-carnitine in dialysis patients with impaired left ventricular function: an observational study. Current medical research and opinion, 2002, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Echocardiography; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Obser	2002
Carnitine as adjuvant therapy in the management of renal anemia. Contributions to nephrology, 2002, Issue:137 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Drug Resistance; Erythropoietin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Uremia	2002
Carnitine deficiency induced during intermittent haemodialysis for renal failure. Lancet (London, England), 1978, Jan-21, Volume: 1, Issue:8056 Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Muscles; Myocardium; Renal Dialysis	1978
Effect of a lipid load on blood and urinary carnitine in man. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1978, Aug-15, Volume: 88, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Dietary Fats; Fats; Fatty Acids; Female; Glycerol; Humans; Kidney F	1978
Effect of low doses of L-carnitine on the response to recombinant human erythropoietin in hemodialyzed children: about two cases. Nephron, 1992, Volume: 62, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Erythropoietin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Recombinant Proteins; Renal	1992
Carnitine metabolism during exercise in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Kidney international, 1992, Volume: 41, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Exercise; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle	1992
[The hypotriglyceridemic action of the combination of L-carnitine + simvastatin vs. L-carnitine and vs. simvastatin]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1992, Volume: 140, Issue:1 Pt 2 Topics: Aged; Anticholesteremic Agents; Carnitine; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy,	1992
[Is it possible to improve the nutritional status of dialysis patients?]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1992, Volume: 140, Issue:1 Pt 2 Topics: Aged; Body Weight; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition	1992
[Dialysis-associated disequilibrium syndrome and the prevention and therapy]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1992, Volume: 50 Suppl Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Brain Edema; Carnitine; Humans; Hyponatremia; Hypotensio	1992
[Autonomic nerve dysfunction on chronic renal failure]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1992, Volume: 50 Suppl Topics: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Carnitine; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Inositol; Kidn	1992
[Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid metabolism of renal failure, dialysis-dependent children and adolescents]. Infusionstherapie (Basel, Switzerland), 1991, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug	1991
[Hyperlipidemia and drug treatment]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1991, Volume: 49 Suppl Topics: Arteriosclerosis; Carnitine; Cholestyramine Resin; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Kidn	1991
The response to recombinant human erythropoietin in patients with the anemia of end-stage renal disease is correlated with serum carnitine levels. Nephron, 1991, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia; Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythropoietin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic	1991
[Secondary L-carnitine deficiency in chronic hemodialysis patients]. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1989, Jan-01, Volume: 44, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; M	1989
L-carnitine substitution in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Nephron, 1989, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Carnitine; Erythrocytes; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis; Triglycerides	1989
[L-carnitine therapy and myocardial function in children treated with chronic hemodialysis]. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1989, Jan-06, Volume: 101, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Child; Child, Prescho	1989
Effects of L-carnitine administration on short-chain fatty acid (acetic acid) and long-chain fatty acid metabolism during hemodialysis. Nephron, 1989, Volume: 51, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Acetoacetates; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Hu	1989
Potential role of carnitine in patients with renal insufficiency. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1986, Jul-01, Volume: 64, Issue:13 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Creatinine; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; K	1986
[When is parenteral carnitine administration indicated?]. Beitrage zu Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung, 1986, Volume: 13 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Ammonia; Carnitine; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Pr	1986
Plasma levels of carnitine precursor 6-N-trimethyllysine and maintenance hemodialysis. Kidney international. Supplement, 1987, Volume: 22 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure,	1987
[Determination of serum L-carnitine by an implication of Cobas Bio centrifugal analyzer and its clinical implication in health and disease]. Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology, 1988, Volume: 36, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Centrifugation; Colorimetry; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Kidney Failu	1988
The influence of kidney transplantation on carnitine metabolism. Clinical nephrology, 1988, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Biological Availability; Carnitine; Creatinine; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female	1988
Carnitine metabolism in patients with chronic renal failure: effect of L-carnitine supplementation. Kidney international. Supplement, 1987, Volume: 22 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Esterification; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged;	1987
Abnormal fatty acid utilization during prolonged fasting in chronic uremia. Kidney international. Supplement, 1987, Volume: 22 Topics: Adult; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Carnitine; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Humans; Ketone Bodies; Kidney F	1987
Carnitine levels and hypertriglyceridemia in undialyzed patients. Nephron, 1987, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Carnitine; Female; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Renal Dialysis; Triglycer	1987
Serum free carnitine, carnitine esters and lipids in patients on peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. American journal of nephrology, 1986, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Esters; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lipoproteins; Male; Middle	1986
Effects of carnitine administration in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing periodic dialysis, evaluated by computerized electromyography. Drugs under experimental and clinical research, 1986, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Computers; Electromyography; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Ch	1986
Carnitine deficiency in haemodialysed patients. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1986, Sep-30, Volume: 159, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Rena	1986
Carnitine concentrations in dialysed and undialysed patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Annals of clinical biochemistry, 1986, Volume: 23 ( Pt 6) Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Urea;	1986

carnitine and Chronic Kidney Failure

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (197)

Authors

Clinical Trials (5)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Bazargani, B	1
Mojtahedi, SY	1
Fahimi, D	1
Askarian, F	1
Moghtaderi, M	1
Abbasi, A	1
Samimi, M	1
Bakhtiari Koohsorkhi, M	1
Bonomini, M	7
Di Liberato, L	5
Zammit, V	2
Arduini, A	7
Kido, J	2
Inoue, H	2
Shimotsu, H	1
Yoshida, Y	1
Suzuki, Y	3
Nakamura, K	3
Endo, F	2
Matsumoto, S	2
Kaneko, S	1
Hirai, K	1
Morino, J	1
Minato, S	1
Yanai, K	1
Mutsuyoshi, Y	1
Ishii, H	1
Matsuyama, M	1
Kitano, T	1
Shindo, M	1
Aomatsu, A	1
Miyazawa, H	1
Ueda, Y	1
Ito, K	1
Ookawara, S	1
Morishita, Y	1
Yano, J	1
Ito, S	1
Kodama, G	1
Nakayama, Y	1
Kaida, Y	1
Yokota, Y	1
Kinoshita, Y	1
Tashiro, K	1
Fukami, K	1
Piccapane, F	1
Castellano, G	1
Gerbino, A	1
Carmosino, M	1
Svelto, M	1
Procino, G	1
Kumagai, E	1
Hosohata, K	1
Furumachi, K	1
Takai, S	1
Rago, C	1
Lombardi, T	1
Di Fulvio, G	1
Divino-Filho, JC	1
Ueno, Y	1
Saito, A	1
Nakata, J	1
Kamagata, K	1
Taniguchi, D	1
Motoi, Y	1
Io, H	1
Andica, C	1
Shindo, A	1
Shiina, K	1
Miyamoto, N	1
Yamashiro, K	1
Urabe, T	1
Aoki, S	1
Hattori, N	1
Morgans, HA	1
Chadha, V	1
Warady, BA	1
Kamei, D	1
Tsuchiya, K	1
Nitta, K	1
Mineshima, M	1
Akiba, T	1
Ibarra-Sifuentes, HR	1
Del Cueto-Aguilera, Á	1
Gallegos-Arguijo, DA	1
Castillo-Torres, SA	1
Vera-Pineda, R	1
Martínez-Granados, RJ	1
Atilano-Díaz, A	1
Cuellar-Monterrubio, JE	1
Pezina-Cantú, CO	1
Martínez-Guevara, EJ	1
Ortiz-Treviño, JF	1
Delgado-García, GR	1
Martínez-Jiménez, JG	1
Cruz-Valdez, J	1
Sánchez-Martínez, C	1
Afshinnia, F	1
Rajendiran, TM	1
Soni, T	1
Byun, J	1
Wernisch, S	1
Sas, KM	1
Hawkins, J	1
Bellovich, K	1
Gipson, D	1
Michailidis, G	1
Pennathur, S	1
Pan, YJ	1
Lu, FP	1
Pastor, S	1
Coll, E	1
Rodríguez-Ribera, L	1
Stoyanova, E	1
Corredor, ZF	1
Marcos, R	1
Tanaka, M	1
Mitsubuchi, H	1
Suzuki, A	1
Sakai, Y	1
Hashimoto, K	1
Osawa, H	1
Tsuruoka, S	1
Katalinic, L	1
Krtalic, B	1
Jelakovic, B	1
Basic-Jukic, N	1
Higuchi, T	5
Maruyama, T	1
Maruyama, N	1
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