carnitine and Cardiac Failure studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To observe the efficacy of levocarnitine in treating elderly patients with chronic heart failure and to explore its impact on cardiac function and endocrine."	9.17	[Influence of levocarnitine on heart function and endocrine among patients with heart failure]. ( Cheng, L; Tang, XF, 2013)
"To investigate the efficacy of L-carnitine in patients with right-sided heart failure induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)."	9.14	[Clinical efficacy of intravenous L-carnitine in patients with right-sided heart failure induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension]. ( Dai, LZ; He, J; Jiang, X; Jing, ZC; Li, Y; Wu, WH; Xu, XQ; Yao, J; Zhao, QH, 2010)
"These findings indicate that treatment with ubiquinol + L-carnitine can cause a significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines that are neurohumoural precursors related to sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, which is impaired in patients with heart failure."	9.12	Effect of carni Q-gel (ubiquinol and carnitine) on cytokines in patients with heart failure in the Tishcon study. ( Chattopadhyay, P; Fedacko, J; Josh, SR; Kumar, A; Mechirova, V; Niaz, MA; Pella, D; Saxena, M; Singh, RB, 2007)
"We examined the efficacy of long-term L-carnitine administration for the treatment of heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy in adult patients."	9.09	Three-year survival of patients with heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and L-carnitine administration. ( Rizos, I, 2000)
"Carnitine is an important cofactor in the intermediary metabolism of the heart, and carnitine deficiency is associated with congestive heart failure."	9.08	Acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on the hemodynamics, exercise capacity, and hormones in patients with congestive heart failure. ( Anand, I; Chandrashekhan, Y; Confortini, R; De Giuli, F; Ferrari, R; Mazzoletti, A; Pasini, E, 1998)
"A double-blind phase II study of propionyl-L-carnitine (CAS 17298-37-2) versus placebo was carried out on a group of 60 patients with mild to moderate (II and III NYHA class) congestive heart failure."	9.07	Controlled study on the therapeutic efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine in patients with congestive heart failure. ( Lingetti, M; Mancini, M; Nolfe, G; Rengo, F; Sorrentino, GP, 1992)
"In order to evaluate the clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) a randomized, double-blind study versus placebo was performed in 50 patients of both sexes, between 48 and 69 years of age, affected by mild-moderate congestive heart failure."	9.07	[The clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of congestive heart failure]. ( Latte, S; Lizzadro, A; Mastursi, M; Nolfe, G; Pucciarelli, G; Sacra, C; Setaro, A, 1992)
"To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of L-carnitine in elderly subjects suffering from heart failure, secondary to ischemic and/or hypertensive heart disease, 38 patients (22 men, 16 women) were studied, aged from 65 to 82 years."	9.06	Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of L-carnitine in congestive heart failure. ( Azzurro, M; Ghidini, O; Sartori, G; Vita, G, 1988)
"Propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) is a naturally occurring compound that has been considered for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)."	8.79	The propionyl-L-carnitine hypothesis: an alternative approach to treating heart failure. ( De Giuli, F; Ferrari, R, 1997)
"Carnitine insufficiency is more closely associated with sarcopenia than with dynapenia in patients with HF, suggesting carnitine insufficiency as a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia in these patients."	8.31	Association of carnitine insufficiency with sarcopenia and dynapenia in patients with heart failure. ( Hirai, M; Kato, M; Kinugasa, Y; Nakamura, K; Sota, T; Yamamoto, K, 2023)
"Carnitine has been associated with cardiac energy metabolism and heart failure, but the association between its precursors-trimethyllysine (TML) and γ-butyrobetaine (GBB)-and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains unclear."	8.12	Association of Systemic Trimethyllysine With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Cardiovascular Events. ( Dong, E; Gao, J; Huang, M; Ji, L; Li, C; Wang, DW; Wang, Y; Wei, H; Wu, J; Zhang, Q; Zhao, C; Zhao, M; Zheng, L, 2022)
"Whether differences in circulating long chain acylcarnitines (LCAC) are seen in heart failure (HF) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM), and whether these biomarkers report on exercise capacity and clinical outcomes, remains unknown."	8.02	Circulating long chain acylcarnitines and outcomes in diabetic heart failure: an HF-ACTION clinical trial substudy. ( Bain, J; Felker, GM; Giamberardino, SN; Ilkayeva, O; Kraus, WE; McGarrah, RW; Newgard, CB; O'Connor, CM; Regan, JA; Shah, SH; Truby, LK, 2021)
"Few studies have examined the associations of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors (choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and L-carnitine) with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF)."	8.02	Choline Metabolism and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure in the PREDIMED Study. ( Alonso-Gómez, A; Bulló, M; Clish, C; Corella, D; Estruch, R; Fiol, M; Fitó, M; Guasch-Ferré, M; Hernández-Alonso, P; Hu, FB; Li, J; Liang, L; Martínez-González, MA; Papandreou, C; Ros, E; Ruiz-Canela, M; Salas-Salvadó, J; Santos-Lozano, JM; Serra-Majem, L; Toledo, E, 2021)
"L-carnitine supplementation attenuates cardiac fibrosis by increasing prostacyclin production through arachidonic acid pathway, and may be a promising therapeutic option for HFpEF."	7.78	L-Carnitine prevents the development of ventricular fibrosis and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in hypertensive heart disease. ( Aizawa, Y; Kamimura, D; Komuro, I; Mano, T; Miwa, T; Ohtani, T; Omori, Y; Sakata, Y; Soga, T; Takeda, Y; Tamaki, S; Tsukamoto, Y; Yamamoto, K, 2012)
" She had a high fever, hypocarnitinemic and non-ketotic hypoglycemia, serum levels of total carnitine 7."	7.74	Hypocarnitinemic hypoglycemia and heart failure in an infant with a constant parenteral elementary nutrition during measles vaccination-related febrile illness. ( Izumi, T; Maeda, T; Okanari, K; Sato, K; Suenobu, S; Takahashi, M, 2007)
"Animals with heart failure exhibited depressions in ventricular function, positive inotropic response to isoproterenol, beta-AR receptor density and basal AC activity; these changes were also attenuated by PLC treatment."	7.72	Improvement of cardiac function and beta-adrenergic signal transduction by propionyl L-carnitine in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction. ( Dhalla, NS; Ferrari, R; Sethi, R; Wang, X, 2004)
"These results indicate that metabolic therapy with propionyl L-carnitine may attenuate defects in the SL membrane and thus may improve heart function in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction."	7.70	Beneficial effects of propionyl L-carnitine on sarcolemmal changes in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction. ( Dhalla, KS; Dhalla, NS; Ferrari, R; Ganguly, PK; Sethi, R, 1999)
"The serum-free carnitine (SFC) levels of 91 children with heart failure (HF) and of a control group consisting of 30 healthy children were measured."	7.70	Serum-free carnitine levels in children with heart failure. ( Cetinkaya, O; Ergür, AT; Tanzer, F, 1999)
"To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of l-carnitine in heart failure, the myocardial carnitine levels and the therapeutic efficacy of l-carnitine were studied in cardiomyopathic BIO 14."	7.68	L-carnitine treatment for congestive heart failure--experimental and clinical study. ( Kobayashi, A; Masumura, Y; Yamazaki, N, 1992)
"To study the tissue carnitine level in patients with chronic heart failure, we obtained biopsy specimens of the left ventricular papillary muscle from 8 patients with mitral valve disease undergoing valve replacement surgery."	7.68	Myocardial free carnitine and fatty acylcarnitine levels in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Kobayashi, A; Masumura, Y; Yamazaki, N, 1990)
"Reduced myocardial carnitine concentrations in the explanted heart and elevated plasma levels have been found in patients undergoing heart transplant for end-stage congestive heart failure (CHF)."	7.68	Defective myocardial carnitine metabolism in congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy and to coronary, hypertensive and valvular heart diseases. ( Fleck, E; Regitz, V; Shug, AL, 1990)
"To test the hypothesis that carnitine is decreased in the myocardial tissue of patients with end-stage congestive heart failure (CHF), left ventricular myocardial carnitine was measured in 51 patients undergoing orthotopic cardiac transplantation."	7.67	Myocardial carnitine in end-stage congestive heart failure. ( Goldenberg, IF; Judd, D; Olivari, MT; Pierpont, GL; Pierpont, ME; Ring, WS, 1989)
" The results of the multicenter, randomized, double-blind Carnitine Ecocardiografia Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico (CEDIM) trial suggest that the early and long-term administration of L-carnitine attenuates progressive left ventricular dilatation after acute anterior MI."	6.41	Myocardial infarction and left ventricular remodeling: results of the CEDIM trial. Carnitine Ecocardiografia Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico. ( Colonna, P; Iliceto, S, 2000)
"Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common subgroup of heart failure in young adults."	5.72	Primary Carnitine Deficiency as a Treatable Cause of Heart Failure in Young Patients. ( Bayraktaroğlu, S; Canda, E; Kalkan Uçar, S; Kayıkçıoğlu, M; Özbay, B; Şimşek, E; Yağmur, B, 2022)
"L-carnitine plays a critical role in fatty acid transport into the mitochondria and may thus influence inflammation and myocardial function."	5.39	Disturbed carnitine regulation in chronic heart failure--increased plasma levels of palmitoyl-carnitine are associated with poor prognosis. ( Askevold, ET; Aukrust, P; Berge, RK; Bjørndal, B; Dahl, CP; Gullestad, L; Nymoen, SH; Svardal, A; Ueland, T; Øie, E, 2013)
"l-Carnitine levels were increased in HF patients, but decreased according to the severity of cardiac decompensation."	5.33	Inflammation and perturbation of the l-carnitine system in heart failure. ( Dalla Libera, L; Gobbo, V; Ravara, B; Vescovo, G, 2005)
"Skeletal muscle in congestive heart failure is responsible for increased fatigability and decreased exercise capacity."	5.31	L-Carnitine: a potential treatment for blocking apoptosis and preventing skeletal muscle myopathy in heart failure. ( Angelini, A; Calvani, M; Dalla Libera, L; Della Barbera, M; Dona, M; Gobbo, V; Mosconi, L; Peluso, G; Ravara, B; Sandri, M; Vescovo, G, 2002)
"To observe the efficacy of levocarnitine in treating elderly patients with chronic heart failure and to explore its impact on cardiac function and endocrine."	5.17	[Influence of levocarnitine on heart function and endocrine among patients with heart failure]. ( Cheng, L; Tang, XF, 2013)
"To investigate the efficacy of L-carnitine in patients with right-sided heart failure induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)."	5.14	[Clinical efficacy of intravenous L-carnitine in patients with right-sided heart failure induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension]. ( Dai, LZ; He, J; Jiang, X; Jing, ZC; Li, Y; Wu, WH; Xu, XQ; Yao, J; Zhao, QH, 2010)
"These findings indicate that treatment with ubiquinol + L-carnitine can cause a significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines that are neurohumoural precursors related to sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, which is impaired in patients with heart failure."	5.12	Effect of carni Q-gel (ubiquinol and carnitine) on cytokines in patients with heart failure in the Tishcon study. ( Chattopadhyay, P; Fedacko, J; Josh, SR; Kumar, A; Mechirova, V; Niaz, MA; Pella, D; Saxena, M; Singh, RB, 2007)
"Congestive heart failure depletes the myocardium of carnitine, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and taurine--substances known to influence mitochondrial function and cell calcium."	5.10	Nutritional supplementation with MyoVive repletes essential cardiac myocyte nutrients and reduces left ventricular size in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. ( Barr, A; Errett, L; Freeman, M; Jeejeebhoy, F; Keith, M; Kurian, R; Mazer, D; McCall, M, 2002)
"We examined the efficacy of long-term L-carnitine administration for the treatment of heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy in adult patients."	5.09	Three-year survival of patients with heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and L-carnitine administration. ( Rizos, I, 2000)
"Carnitine is an important cofactor in the intermediary metabolism of the heart, and carnitine deficiency is associated with congestive heart failure."	5.08	Acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on the hemodynamics, exercise capacity, and hormones in patients with congestive heart failure. ( Anand, I; Chandrashekhan, Y; Confortini, R; De Giuli, F; Ferrari, R; Mazzoletti, A; Pasini, E, 1998)
"In order to evaluate the clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) a randomized, double-blind study versus placebo was performed in 50 patients of both sexes, between 48 and 69 years of age, affected by mild-moderate congestive heart failure."	5.07	[The clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of congestive heart failure]. ( Latte, S; Lizzadro, A; Mastursi, M; Nolfe, G; Pucciarelli, G; Sacra, C; Setaro, A, 1992)
"A double-blind phase II study of propionyl-L-carnitine (CAS 17298-37-2) versus placebo was carried out on a group of 60 patients with mild to moderate (II and III NYHA class) congestive heart failure."	5.07	Controlled study on the therapeutic efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine in patients with congestive heart failure. ( Lingetti, M; Mancini, M; Nolfe, G; Rengo, F; Sorrentino, GP, 1992)
"To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of L-carnitine in elderly subjects suffering from heart failure, secondary to ischemic and/or hypertensive heart disease, 38 patients (22 men, 16 women) were studied, aged from 65 to 82 years."	5.06	Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of L-carnitine in congestive heart failure. ( Azzurro, M; Ghidini, O; Sartori, G; Vita, G, 1988)
"To evaluate the effects of L-carnitine compared with placebo or control on morbidity and mortality in the setting of acute myocardial infarction."	4.89	L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. ( DiNicolantonio, JJ; Fares, H; Lavie, CJ; Menezes, AR; O'Keefe, JH, 2013)
"Propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) is a naturally occurring compound that has been considered for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)."	4.79	The propionyl-L-carnitine hypothesis: an alternative approach to treating heart failure. ( De Giuli, F; Ferrari, R, 1997)
"Carnitine insufficiency is more closely associated with sarcopenia than with dynapenia in patients with HF, suggesting carnitine insufficiency as a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia in these patients."	4.31	Association of carnitine insufficiency with sarcopenia and dynapenia in patients with heart failure. ( Hirai, M; Kato, M; Kinugasa, Y; Nakamura, K; Sota, T; Yamamoto, K, 2023)
"A panel of gut-related biomarkers including metabolites of the choline/carnitine- pathway (acetyl-L-carnitine, betaine, choline, γ-butyrobetaine, L-carnitine and trimethylamine-N-oxide [TMAO]) and the gut peptide, Trefoil factor-3 (TFF-3), were investigated in 1,783 patients with worsening HF enrolled in the systems BIOlogy Study to TAilored Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure (BIOSTAT-CHF) cohort and associations with HF severity and outcomes, and use in risk stratification were assessed."	4.12	Surrogate markers of gut dysfunction are related to heart failure severity and outcome-from the BIOSTAT-CHF consortium. ( Anker, SD; Cleland, JG; Israr, MZ; Lang, CC; Metra, M; Ng, LL; Salzano, A; Samani, NJ; Suzuki, T; van Veldhuisen, DJ; Voors, AA; Zannad, F; Zhan, H, 2022)
"Carnitine has been associated with cardiac energy metabolism and heart failure, but the association between its precursors-trimethyllysine (TML) and γ-butyrobetaine (GBB)-and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains unclear."	4.12	Association of Systemic Trimethyllysine With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Cardiovascular Events. ( Dong, E; Gao, J; Huang, M; Ji, L; Li, C; Wang, DW; Wang, Y; Wei, H; Wu, J; Zhang, Q; Zhao, C; Zhao, M; Zheng, L, 2022)
"A quantitative metabolomics study on amino acids and acylcarnitines was performed to characterize different states of heart failure (HF) in 628 participants."	4.02	Quantitative Metabolomics Reveals Heart Failure With Midrange Ejection Fraction as a Distinct Phenotype of Heart Failure. ( Hu, Z; Ni, Y; Shu, Q; Shui, B; Su, M; Zhang, Y; Zhao, H; Zhao, Q, 2021)
"Whether differences in circulating long chain acylcarnitines (LCAC) are seen in heart failure (HF) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM), and whether these biomarkers report on exercise capacity and clinical outcomes, remains unknown."	4.02	Circulating long chain acylcarnitines and outcomes in diabetic heart failure: an HF-ACTION clinical trial substudy. ( Bain, J; Felker, GM; Giamberardino, SN; Ilkayeva, O; Kraus, WE; McGarrah, RW; Newgard, CB; O'Connor, CM; Regan, JA; Shah, SH; Truby, LK, 2021)
"Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut-related metabolite, is associated with heart failure (HF) outcomes."	4.02	Association of gut-related metabolites with outcome in acute heart failure. ( Bernieh, D; Cassambai, S; Heaney, LM; Israr, MZ; Jones, DJL; Ng, LL; Salzano, A; Suzuki, T; Yazaki, Y, 2021)
"Few studies have examined the associations of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors (choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and L-carnitine) with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF)."	4.02	Choline Metabolism and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure in the PREDIMED Study. ( Alonso-Gómez, A; Bulló, M; Clish, C; Corella, D; Estruch, R; Fiol, M; Fitó, M; Guasch-Ferré, M; Hernández-Alonso, P; Hu, FB; Li, J; Liang, L; Martínez-González, MA; Papandreou, C; Ros, E; Ruiz-Canela, M; Salas-Salvadó, J; Santos-Lozano, JM; Serra-Majem, L; Toledo, E, 2021)
"To determine if differences exist in plasma concentrations of TMAO, choline, or l-carnitine among dogs with DMVD and congestive heart failure (CHF), dogs with asymptomatic DMVD, and healthy control dogs."	3.91	A pilot study investigating circulating trimethylamine N-oxide and its precursors in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease with or without congestive heart failure. ( Freeman, LM; Karlin, ET; Rush, JE, 2019)
" The patient was treated for congestive heart failure because of dilated cardiomyopathy with furosemide, enalapril, pimobendan and l-carnitine."	3.80	Diagnosis and treatment of congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy in a hedgehog. ( Delk, KW; Eshar, D; Garcia, E; Harkin, K, 2014)
"L-carnitine supplementation attenuates cardiac fibrosis by increasing prostacyclin production through arachidonic acid pathway, and may be a promising therapeutic option for HFpEF."	3.78	L-Carnitine prevents the development of ventricular fibrosis and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in hypertensive heart disease. ( Aizawa, Y; Kamimura, D; Komuro, I; Mano, T; Miwa, T; Ohtani, T; Omori, Y; Sakata, Y; Soga, T; Takeda, Y; Tamaki, S; Tsukamoto, Y; Yamamoto, K, 2012)
" She had a high fever, hypocarnitinemic and non-ketotic hypoglycemia, serum levels of total carnitine 7."	3.74	Hypocarnitinemic hypoglycemia and heart failure in an infant with a constant parenteral elementary nutrition during measles vaccination-related febrile illness. ( Izumi, T; Maeda, T; Okanari, K; Sato, K; Suenobu, S; Takahashi, M, 2007)
"Animals with heart failure exhibited depressions in ventricular function, positive inotropic response to isoproterenol, beta-AR receptor density and basal AC activity; these changes were also attenuated by PLC treatment."	3.72	Improvement of cardiac function and beta-adrenergic signal transduction by propionyl L-carnitine in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction. ( Dhalla, NS; Ferrari, R; Sethi, R; Wang, X, 2004)
"The serum-free carnitine (SFC) levels of 91 children with heart failure (HF) and of a control group consisting of 30 healthy children were measured."	3.70	Serum-free carnitine levels in children with heart failure. ( Cetinkaya, O; Ergür, AT; Tanzer, F, 1999)
"These results indicate that metabolic therapy with propionyl L-carnitine may attenuate defects in the SL membrane and thus may improve heart function in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction."	3.70	Beneficial effects of propionyl L-carnitine on sarcolemmal changes in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction. ( Dhalla, KS; Dhalla, NS; Ferrari, R; Ganguly, PK; Sethi, R, 1999)
" Treatment with medium chain triglycerides and L-carnitine in the diet improved his hepatomegaly and cardiomegaly."	3.70	Milder childhood form of very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in a 6-year-old Japanese boy. ( Abo, W; Doi, T; Fukao, T; Hayashi, K; Hori, T; Nakada, T; Takahashi, Y; Tateno, M; Terada, N, 2000)
"Published clinical research, as well as various theoretical considerations, suggest that supplemental intakes of the 'metavitamins' taurine, coenzyme Q10, and L-carnitine, as well as of the minerals magnesium, potassium, and chromium, may be of therapeutic benefit in congestive heart failure."	3.69	Fish oil and other nutritional adjuvants for treatment of congestive heart failure. ( McCarty, MF, 1996)
"To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of l-carnitine in heart failure, the myocardial carnitine levels and the therapeutic efficacy of l-carnitine were studied in cardiomyopathic BIO 14."	3.68	L-carnitine treatment for congestive heart failure--experimental and clinical study. ( Kobayashi, A; Masumura, Y; Yamazaki, N, 1992)
"Reduced myocardial carnitine concentrations in the explanted heart and elevated plasma levels have been found in patients undergoing heart transplant for end-stage congestive heart failure (CHF)."	3.68	Defective myocardial carnitine metabolism in congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy and to coronary, hypertensive and valvular heart diseases. ( Fleck, E; Regitz, V; Shug, AL, 1990)
"To study the tissue carnitine level in patients with chronic heart failure, we obtained biopsy specimens of the left ventricular papillary muscle from 8 patients with mitral valve disease undergoing valve replacement surgery."	3.68	Myocardial free carnitine and fatty acylcarnitine levels in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Kobayashi, A; Masumura, Y; Yamazaki, N, 1990)
"To test the hypothesis that carnitine is decreased in the myocardial tissue of patients with end-stage congestive heart failure (CHF), left ventricular myocardial carnitine was measured in 51 patients undergoing orthotopic cardiac transplantation."	3.67	Myocardial carnitine in end-stage congestive heart failure. ( Goldenberg, IF; Judd, D; Olivari, MT; Pierpont, GL; Pierpont, ME; Ring, WS, 1989)
"CHF was due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD)."	2.69	Plasma carnitine levels as a marker of impaired left ventricular functions. ( Aleem, SA; El-Aroussy, W; El-Tobgy, S; Mayhoub, G; Mokhtar, MS; Rizk, A, 2000)
"L-Carnitine is an endogenous molecule involved in fatty acid metabolism, biosynthesized within the human body using amino acids: L-lysine and L-methionine, as substrates."	2.47	L-carnitine--metabolic functions and meaning in humans life. ( Bodkowski, R; Jamroz, D; Librowski, T; Lochyński, S; Nowakowski, P; Patkowska-Sokoła, B; Pekala, J, 2011)
"Patients with chronic cardiac failure (CCF), particularly elderly individuals, have several reasons to be deficient in micronutrients including reduced intake, impaired gastrointestinal absorption and increased losses on the background of increased utilisation due for example to increased oxidative stress."	2.43	Micronutrients and their supplementation in chronic cardiac failure. An update beyond theoretical perspectives. ( Clark, AL; Witte, KK, 2006)
"Patients suffering from congestive heart failure exhibit impaired myocardial energy production, myocyte calcium overload and increased oxidative stress."	2.43	The management of conditioned nutritional requirements in heart failure. ( Allard, ML; Jeejeebhoy, KN; Sole, MJ, 2006)
"Carnitine has been identified in a variety of mammalian tissues and has an obligate role in the mitochondrial oxidation of long-chain fatty acids through the action of specialized acyltransferases."	2.42	The role of carnitine in normal and altered fatty acid metabolism. ( Hoppel, C, 2003)
"In cirrhosis and chronic renal failure, carnitine biosynthesis is impaired or carnitine is lost during hemodialysis."	2.42	Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? ( Evangeliou, A; Vlassopoulos, D, 2003)
" The results of the multicenter, randomized, double-blind Carnitine Ecocardiografia Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico (CEDIM) trial suggest that the early and long-term administration of L-carnitine attenuates progressive left ventricular dilatation after acute anterior MI."	2.41	Myocardial infarction and left ventricular remodeling: results of the CEDIM trial. Carnitine Ecocardiografia Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico. ( Colonna, P; Iliceto, S, 2000)
"glycogenosis type II and III), lysosomal storage diseases (e."	2.41	Metabolic cardiomyopathies. ( Guertl, B; Hoefler, G; Noehammer, C, 2000)
"L-carnitine has an important role in the metabolism of fatty acids."	2.38	New thoughts of pathophysiology and therapy of ischemic heart disease. ( Pepine, CJ, 1991)
"Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common subgroup of heart failure in young adults."	1.72	Primary Carnitine Deficiency as a Treatable Cause of Heart Failure in Young Patients. ( Bayraktaroğlu, S; Canda, E; Kalkan Uçar, S; Kayıkçıoğlu, M; Özbay, B; Şimşek, E; Yağmur, B, 2022)
"Carnitine plays an important role in the utilization of fatty acids in the myocardium."	1.42	Impact of sleep-disordered breathing on myocardial damage and metabolism in patients with chronic heart failure. ( Kunii, H; Miyata, M; Nakazato, K; Owada, T; Saitoh, S; Sato, T; Sugimoto, K; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, S; Takeishi, Y; Yamaki, T; Yamauchi, H; Yoshihisa, A, 2015)
"L-carnitine plays a critical role in fatty acid transport into the mitochondria and may thus influence inflammation and myocardial function."	1.39	Disturbed carnitine regulation in chronic heart failure--increased plasma levels of palmitoyl-carnitine are associated with poor prognosis. ( Askevold, ET; Aukrust, P; Berge, RK; Bjørndal, B; Dahl, CP; Gullestad, L; Nymoen, SH; Svardal, A; Ueland, T; Øie, E, 2013)
"She presented signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure."	1.36	[The "big heart" of carnitine]. ( Gesuete, V; Picchio, FM; Ragni, L, 2010)
"HO-1 and Bcl-2 protein levels in untreated heart failure rat's gastrocnemious muscle were reduced when compared with controls: 3."	1.35	Carnitine-mediated improved response to erythropoietin involves induction of haem oxygenase-1: studies in humans and in an animal model. ( Bertipaglia, L; Calò, LA; Corradini, R; Dalla Libera, L; Davis, PA; Naso, A; Pagnin, E; Piccoli, A; Savica, V; Spinello, M, 2008)
"Heart failure is associated with decreased myocardial fatty acid oxidation capacity and has been likened to energy starvation."	1.35	Enhanced acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity is associated with improved mitochondrial and contractile function in heart failure. ( Chandler, MP; Foster, AB; Fujioka, H; Hoit, BD; Hoppel, CL; McElfresh, TA; Minkler, PE; Okere, IC; Patel, HV; Patel, KK; Rennison, JH; Stoll, MS; Young, ME, 2008)
"l-Carnitine levels were increased in HF patients, but decreased according to the severity of cardiac decompensation."	1.33	Inflammation and perturbation of the l-carnitine system in heart failure. ( Dalla Libera, L; Gobbo, V; Ravara, B; Vescovo, G, 2005)
"Skeletal muscle in congestive heart failure is responsible for increased fatigability and decreased exercise capacity."	1.31	L-Carnitine: a potential treatment for blocking apoptosis and preventing skeletal muscle myopathy in heart failure. ( Angelini, A; Calvani, M; Dalla Libera, L; Della Barbera, M; Dona, M; Gobbo, V; Mosconi, L; Peluso, G; Ravara, B; Sandri, M; Vescovo, G, 2002)
"Barth syndrome is an X-linked recessive condition characterized by skeletal myopathy, cardiomyopathy, proportionate short stature, and recurrent neutropenia, but with normal cognitive function."	1.29	Barth syndrome: clinical observations and genetic linkage studies. ( Becker, LE; Bridge, PJ; Christodoulou, J; Clarke, JT; Jay, V; Lehotay, DC; McInnes, RR; Platt, BA; Robinson, BH; Wilson, G, 1994)
"In Group 2, eight patients had dilated cardiomyopathy and three had restrictive cardiomyopathy."	1.27	Cardiac and skeletal muscle abnormalities in cardiomyopathy: comparison of patients with ventricular tachycardia or congestive heart failure. ( Benditt, DG; Benson, DW; Dunnigan, A; Judd, D; Pierpont, ME; Smith, SA; Staley, NA, 1987)
"Free carnitine was elevated by 126% in left ventricle and by 54% in skeletal muscle of the furazolidone-treated turkeys (p less than 0."	1.27	Carnitine alterations in spontaneous and drug-induced turkey congestive cardiomyopathy. ( Borgwardt, B; Einzig, S; Judd, D; Noren, GR; Pierpont, ME; Staley, NA, 1985)
"Carnitine content was markedly reduced in muscle and moderately in plasma."	1.26	"Carnitine deficient" myopathy and cardiomyopathy with fatal outcome. ( Cornelio, F; Di Donato, S; Gori, G; Mora, M; Peluchetti, D; Rimoldi, M; Testa, D, 1980)

Research

Studies (109)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Anthropometric Measures of Nutritional Status (Body Mass Index [BMI] Z-scores, Weight for Length Ratios, Lean/Fat Mass Via DEXA, Growth Parameters, and Triceps Skinfold Measures)

Max CMAP Amplitude (Mean)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	24 (22.02)	18.7374
1990's	20 (18.35)	18.2507
2000's	23 (21.10)	29.6817
2010's	25 (22.94)	24.3611
2020's	17 (15.60)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Lv, S	1
Wang, Y	2
Zhang, W	1
Shang, H	1
Bin-Jumah, MN	1
Gilani, SJ	1
Hosawi, S	1
Al-Abbasi, FA	1
Zeyadi, M	1
Imam, SS	1
Alshehri, S	1
Ghoneim, MM	1
Nadeem, MS	1
Kazmi, I	1
Ruiz-Canela, M	2
Guasch-Ferré, M	2
Razquin, C	1
Toledo, E	2
Hernández-Alonso, P	2
Clish, CB	1
Li, J	2
Wittenbecher, C	1
Dennis, C	1
Alonso-Gómez, Á	2
Almanza-Aguilera, E	1
Liang, L	2
Corella, D	2
Gómez-Gracia, E	1
Estruch, R	2
Fiol, M	2
Lapetra, J	1
Serra-Majem, L	2
Ros, E	2
Arós, F	1
Salas-Salvadó, J	2
Hu, FB	2
Martínez-González, MÁ	2
Franco, AD	1
Morfino, P	1
Aimo, A	1
Israr, MZ	2
Zhan, H	1
Salzano, A	2
Voors, AA	1
Cleland, JG	1
Anker, SD	1
Metra, M	1
van Veldhuisen, DJ	1
Lang, CC	1
Zannad, F	1
Samani, NJ	1
Ng, LL	2
Suzuki, T	2
Wargny, M	1
Croyal, M	1
Ragot, S	1
Gand, E	1
Jacobi, D	1
Trochu, JN	1
Prieur, X	1
Le May, C	1
Goronflot, T	1
Cariou, B	1
Saulnier, PJ	1
Hadjadj, S	1
Wei, H	2
Zhao, M	2
Wu, J	1
Li, C	2
Huang, M	2
Gao, J	2
Zhang, Q	2
Ji, L	2
Zhao, C	2
Dong, E	2
Zheng, L	2
Wang, DW	2
Kayıkçıoğlu, M	1
Özbay, B	1
Yağmur, B	1
Canda, E	1
Bayraktaroğlu, S	1
Şimşek, E	1
Kalkan Uçar, S	1
Kinugasa, Y	2
Sota, T	2
Nakamura, K	2
Hirai, M	2
Kato, M	2
Yamamoto, K	3
Zhao, H	1
Shui, B	1
Zhao, Q	1
Hu, Z	1
Shu, Q	1
Su, M	1
Zhang, Y	1
Ni, Y	1
Chen, WS	1
Liu, MH	2
Cheng, ML	2
Wang, CH	2
Ishiga, N	1
Kamitani, H	1
Yanagihara, K	1
Papandreou, C	1
Bulló, M	1
Clish, C	1
Fitó, M	1
Santos-Lozano, JM	1
Bernieh, D	1
Cassambai, S	1
Yazaki, Y	1
Heaney, LM	1
Jones, DJL	1
Ritterhoff, J	1
McMillen, TS	1
Villet, O	1
Young, S	1
Kolwicz, SC	1
Senn, T	1
Caudal, A	1
Tian, R	1
Yu, T	1
Shen, X	1
Ni, L	1
Wang, Z	1
Truby, LK	1
Regan, JA	1
Giamberardino, SN	1
Ilkayeva, O	2
Bain, J	1
Newgard, CB	2
O'Connor, CM	1
Felker, GM	2
Kraus, WE	2
McGarrah, RW	1
Shah, SH	2
Wang, H	1
Anstrom, K	1
Muehlbauer, MJ	1
Bain, JR	1
McNulty, S	1
Hernandez, A	1
Redfield, M	1
Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, M	1
Ciborowski, M	1
Ptaszynska-Kopczynska, K	1
Szpakowicz, A	1
Lisowska, A	1
Jasiewicz, M	1
Waszkiewicz, E	1
Kretowski, A	1
Musial, WJ	1
Kaminski, KA	1
Moreira da Silva Guimarães, S	1
de Souza Cruz, WM	1
de Souza Weigert, G	1
Scalco, FB	1
Colafranceschi, AS	1
Ribeiro, MG	1
Boaventura, GT	1
Dragan, S	1
Buleu, F	1
Christodorescu, R	1
Cobzariu, F	1
Iurciuc, S	1
Velimirovici, D	1
Xiao, J	1
Luca, CT	1
Karlin, ET	1
Rush, JE	1
Freeman, LM	1
Voros, G	1
Ector, J	1
Garweg, C	1
Droogne, W	1
Van Cleemput, J	1
Peersman, N	1
Vermeersch, P	1
Janssens, S	1
Sizova, ZM	1
Shikh, EV	1
Makhova, AA	1
Magiera, S	1
Baranowska, I	1
Kusa, J	1
Baranowski, J	1
DiNicolantonio, JJ	1
Lavie, CJ	2
Fares, H	1
Menezes, AR	1
O'Keefe, JH	1
Wang, J	1
Guo, T	1
Cheng, L	1
Tang, XF	1
Delk, KW	1
Eshar, D	1
Garcia, E	1
Harkin, K	1
Miyata, M	1
Yoshihisa, A	1
Yamauchi, H	1
Owada, T	1
Sato, T	1
Suzuki, S	1
Sugimoto, K	1
Yamaki, T	1
Kunii, H	1
Nakazato, K	1
Suzuki, H	1
Saitoh, S	1
Takeishi, Y	1
Shiao, MS	1
Huang, YY	1
Huang, CY	1
Mao, CT	1
Lin, JF	1
Ho, HY	1
Yang, NI	1
Fukushima, A	1
Milner, K	1
Gupta, A	1
Lopaschuk, GD	1
Heggermont, WA	1
Papageorgiou, AP	1
Heymans, S	1
van Bilsen, M	1
Xu, XQ	1
Jing, ZC	1
Jiang, X	1
Zhao, QH	1
He, J	1
Dai, LZ	1
Wu, WH	1
Li, Y	1
Yao, J	1
Bhandari, S	1
Gesuete, V	1
Ragni, L	1
Picchio, FM	1
Ceccarelli, SM	1
Chomienne, O	1
Gubler, M	1
Arduini, A	1
Pekala, J	1
Patkowska-Sokoła, B	1
Bodkowski, R	1
Jamroz, D	1
Nowakowski, P	1
Lochyński, S	1
Librowski, T	1
Ueland, T	1
Svardal, A	1
Øie, E	1
Askevold, ET	1
Nymoen, SH	1
Bjørndal, B	1
Dahl, CP	1
Gullestad, L	1
Berge, RK	1
Aukrust, P	1
Agnetti, A	1
Bitton, L	1
Tchana, B	1
Raymond, A	1
Carano, N	1
Omori, Y	1
Ohtani, T	1
Sakata, Y	1
Mano, T	1
Takeda, Y	1
Tamaki, S	1
Tsukamoto, Y	1
Kamimura, D	1
Aizawa, Y	1
Miwa, T	1
Komuro, I	1
Soga, T	1
Krim, SR	1
Campbell, P	1
Ventura, H	1
Vescovo, G	2
Ravara, B	2
Gobbo, V	2
Sandri, M	1
Angelini, A	1
Della Barbera, M	1
Dona, M	1
Peluso, G	1
Calvani, M	1
Mosconi, L	1
Dalla Libera, L	3
Buziashvili, IuI	1
Kliuchnikov, IV	1
Melkonian, AM	1
Inozemtseva, EV	1
Kovalenko, OA	1
Mamaev, KhK	1
Ferrari, R	6
Cicchitelli, G	1
Merli, E	1
Andreadou, I	1
Guardigli, G	1
Hoppel, C	1
Evangeliou, A	1
Vlassopoulos, D	1
Koh, SG	1
Brenner, DA	1
Korzick, DH	1
Tickerhoof, MM	1
Apstein, CS	1
Saupe, KW	1
Sethi, R	2
Wang, X	1
Dhalla, NS	2
Tousoulis, D	1
Charakida, M	1
Stefanadis, C	1
Witte, KK	1
Clark, AL	1
Allard, ML	1
Jeejeebhoy, KN	1
Sole, MJ	1
Kumar, A	1
Singh, RB	1
Saxena, M	1
Niaz, MA	1
Josh, SR	1
Chattopadhyay, P	1
Mechirova, V	1
Pella, D	1
Fedacko, J	1
Calò, LA	1
Davis, PA	1
Pagnin, E	1
Bertipaglia, L	1
Naso, A	1
Piccoli, A	1
Corradini, R	1
Spinello, M	1
Savica, V	1
Giovannini, I	1
Spada, M	1
Rennison, JH	1
McElfresh, TA	1
Okere, IC	1
Patel, HV	1
Foster, AB	1
Patel, KK	1
Stoll, MS	1
Minkler, PE	1
Fujioka, H	1
Hoit, BD	1
Young, ME	1
Hoppel, CL	1
Chandler, MP	1
Okanari, K	1
Takahashi, M	1
Maeda, T	1
Sato, K	1
Suenobu, S	1
Izumi, T	1
Suzuki, Y	1
Masumura, Y	3
Kobayashi, A	3
Yamazaki, N	3
Harada, Y	1
Osawa, M	1
Bowe, C	1
Nzonzi, J	1
Corsin, A	1
Moravec, J	1
Feuvray, D	1
Ramos, AC	1
Elias, PR	1
Barrucand, L	1
Da Silva, JA	1
Waber, LJ	1
Valle, D	1
Neill, C	1
DiMauro, S	1
Shug, A	1
Wei, WZ	1
Gao, SJ	1
Li, H	1
Zeng, GY	1
Lanni, N	1
Chiumiento, P	1
Pannella, G	1
Grimaldi, U	1
D'Auria, M	1
Imbimbo, N	1
Cornelio, F	1
Di Donato, S	1
Testa, D	1
Mora, M	1
Gori, G	1
Peluchetti, D	1
Rimoldi, M	1
Remme, WJ	1
Iliceto, S	2
D'Ambrosio, G	1
Marangelli, V	1
Scrutinio, D	1
Boni, L	1
Rizzon, P	1
Christodoulou, J	1
McInnes, RR	1
Jay, V	1
Wilson, G	1
Becker, LE	1
Lehotay, DC	1
Platt, BA	1
Bridge, PJ	1
Robinson, BH	1
Clarke, JT	1
McCarty, MF	1
Kawasaki, N	1
Lee, JD	1
Shimizu, H	1
Ueda, T	1
De Giuli, F	2
Atar, D	1
Spiess, M	1
Mandinova, A	1
Cierpka, H	1
Noll, G	1
Lüscher, TF	1
Simonenko, VB	1
Teslia, AN	1
Anand, I	1
Chandrashekhan, Y	1
Pasini, E	1
Mazzoletti, A	1
Confortini, R	1
Ergür, AT	1
Tanzer, F	1
Cetinkaya, O	1
Dhalla, KS	1
Ganguly, PK	1
Rizos, I	1
Colonna, P	1
Martín, MA	1
Gómez, MA	1
Guillén, F	1
Börnstein, B	1
Campos, Y	1
Rubio, JC	1
de la Calzada, CS	1
Arenas, J	1
El-Aroussy, W	1
Rizk, A	1
Mayhoub, G	1
Aleem, SA	1
El-Tobgy, S	1
Mokhtar, MS	1
Doi, T	1
Abo, W	1
Tateno, M	1
Hayashi, K	1
Hori, T	1
Nakada, T	1
Fukao, T	1
Takahashi, Y	1
Terada, N	1
Guertl, B	1
Noehammer, C	1
Hoefler, G	1
Jeejeebhoy, F	1
Keith, M	1
Freeman, M	1
Barr, A	1
McCall, M	1
Kurian, R	1
Mazer, D	1
Errett, L	1
Mancini, M	1
Rengo, F	1
Lingetti, M	1
Sorrentino, GP	1
Nolfe, G	2
Pucciarelli, G	1
Mastursi, M	1
Latte, S	1
Sacra, C	1
Setaro, A	1
Lizzadro, A	1
Pepine, CJ	1
Regitz, V	4
Bossaller, C	1
Strasser, R	1
Müller, M	2
Shug, AL	4
Fleck, E	4
Matsuo, M	1
Saiki, K	1
Momota, T	1
Ishida, A	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION)[NCT00047437]	Phase 3	2,331 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-04-30	Completed
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Risk Stratification in Dilated Cardiomyopathy[NCT04990297]		2,500 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-12-24	Recruiting
In Vivo Study of Safety, Tolerability and Dosing Effect on SMN mRNA and Protein Levels of Valproic Acid in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy[NCT00374075]	Phase 1	42 participants	Interventional	2003-09-30	Completed
Phase I/II Trial of Valproic Acid and Carnitine in Infants With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type I (CARNI-VAL Type I)[NCT00661453]	Phase 1/Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Multi-center Phase II Trial of Valproic Acid and Carnitine in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA CARNI-VAL Trial)[NCT00227266]	Phase 2	94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-09-30	Completed
Estudio clínico Fase III Para Evaluar la Eficacia terapéutica en Pacientes Mexicanos Con Dislipidemia Mediante el Uso vía Oral de L-Carnitina + Atorvastatina Comparado Con Atorvastatina[NCT03696940]	Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-28	Active, not recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	g (Mean)
	Lean Mass Baseline	Lean Mass 3 months	Lean Mass 6 months	Fat Mass Baseline	Fat Mass 3 months	Fat Mass 6 months
SMA Type 1	4317.15	4993.92	5133.83	3011.37	3618.25	4316.08

The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This is done multiple times, the outcome used is the highest peak, or response observed. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)

Max CMAP Amplitude Median

Intervention	mV (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	2.28	2.32
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	2.93	2.37
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	5.52	6.56

Max CMAP Area (Mean)

Intervention	mV (Median)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	1.91	1.44
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	2.2	1.8
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	5.3	5.85

The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) area is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This procedure is repeated multiple times. The maximum area is the response that results in the largest area under the response curve. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)

Max CMAP Area (Median)

Intervention	mVms (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	5.46	5.28
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	5.45	5.26
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	14.85	16.26

Modified Hammersmith Change From Baseline to 6 Months

Intervention	mVms (Median)
	Baseline	6 months
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	3.6	3.74
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	4.6	3.4
Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment	13.65	16.85

Comparison of Modified Hammersmith Change from baseline to 6 months. Scores range from 0 to 40. A higher score indicates a better outcome. This scale is used to assess gross motor abilities of non-ambulant children with SMA in multiple research trials as well as in clinical settings. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 0 months, 6 months

Modified Hammersmith Extend Baseline

Intervention	Score (Mean)
	Baseline visit (0 weeks)	6 Month visit (V2)	Change from Baseline
Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment	20.0	20.6	0.6
Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment	16.6	16.8	0.2

"Baseline Modified Hammersmith Extend testing. The baseline test is the score they receive during their screening visits. This scale ranges from 0 to 56. A higher score indicates a better outcome.~This scale is used to assess gross motor abilities of children with SMA in multiple research trials as well as in clinical settings." (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to enrollment, at enrollment (0 months)

Intervention	Score (Mean)
	Modified Hammersmith Extend at S1 (-4 weeks)	Modified Hammersmith Extend at S2 (0 weeks)
Cohort 2 Experimental	47.0	48.3

Article	Year
Trimethylamine oxide: a potential target for heart failure therapy. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2022, 05-25, Volume: 108, Issue:12 Topics: Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Choline; Diuretics; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Heart Failure; Human	2022
Pathobiological Relationship of Excessive Dietary Intake of Choline/L-Carnitine: A TMAO Precursor-Associated Aggravation in Heart Failure in Sarcopenic Patients. Nutrients, 2021, Sep-29, Volume: 13, Issue:10 Topics: Biodiversity; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Choline; Dietary Supplements; Disease Susceptibility; Dysbiosis	2021
Benefits of multiple micronutrient supplementation in heart failure: A comprehensive review. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2019, Volume: 59, Issue:6 Topics: Amino Acids; Carnitine; Databases, Factual; Dietary Supplements; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Ome	2019
Significance of L-carnitine in internal medicine. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2019, Mar-11, Volume: 91, Issue:1 Topics: Antioxidants; Carnitine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Heart; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Humans; Inter	2019
L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2013, Volume: 88, Issue:6 Topics: Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Odds	2013
Metabolic remodeling in chronic heart failure. Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B, 2013, Volume: 14, Issue:8 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids; Fetal He	2013
Myocardial Energy Substrate Metabolism in Heart Failure : from Pathways to Therapeutic Targets. Current pharmaceutical design, 2015, Volume: 21, Issue:25 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Glycolysis; Heart F	2015
Metabolic support for the heart: complementary therapy for heart failure? European journal of heart failure, 2016, Volume: 18, Issue:12 Topics: Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase; Cardiovascular Agents; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Di	2016
Risk factors and metabolic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of uraemic cardiac disease. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), 2011, 01-01, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Albuminuria; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Calcium Phosphates; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Homocysteine; Hu	2011
L-carnitine--metabolic functions and meaning in humans life. Current drug metabolism, 2011, Volume: 12, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Heart Failure; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Metabolic Networks	2011
Micronutrients in chronic heart failure. Current heart failure reports, 2013, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Micronutrients; Ubiquinone; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin D	2013
[Ischemic remodeling of the left ventricle (definition, pathogenesis, diagnosis, medical and surgical correction)]. Kardiologiia, 2002, Volume: 42, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor	2002
Metabolic modulation and optimization of energy consumption in heart failure. The Medical clinics of North America, 2003, Volume: 87, Issue:2 Topics: Acetanilides; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Heart Fa	2003
The role of carnitine in normal and altered fatty acid metabolism. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2003, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Suppl 4 Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Fatty Acids; Heart Failure; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; L	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Carnitine metabolism and deficit--when supplementation is necessary? Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2003, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitochondria, Muscl	2003
Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction as therapeutic targets in patients with heart failure. International journal of cardiology, 2005, Apr-28, Volume: 100, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Carnitine; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Endothelin-1; Endothelium, Vascular; Exercis	2005
Micronutrients and their supplementation in chronic cardiac failure. An update beyond theoretical perspectives. Heart failure reviews, 2006, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Calcium; Carnitine; Copper; Dietary Supplements; Heart Failure	2006
The management of conditioned nutritional requirements in heart failure. Heart failure reviews, 2006, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carnitine; Creatine; Energy Metabolism; Heart Failure; Homeostasis; Humans; Muscle	2006
The propionyl-L-carnitine hypothesis: an alternative approach to treating heart failure. Journal of cardiac failure, 1997, Volume: 3, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Heart; Heart Failur	1997
Carnitine--from cellular mechanisms to potential clinical applications in heart disease. European journal of clinical investigation, 1997, Volume: 27, Issue:12 Topics: Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardial Ischemia	1997
Myocardial infarction and left ventricular remodeling: results of the CEDIM trial. Carnitine Ecocardiografia Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico. American heart journal, 2000, Volume: 139, Issue:2 Pt 3 Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Infarc	2000
Metabolic cardiomyopathies. International journal of experimental pathology, 2000, Volume: 81, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Animals; Calcium; Cardiomegaly; Cardiomyopathies; Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic; Carnitine; Diabe	2000
New thoughts of pathophysiology and therapy of ischemic heart disease. Cardiologia (Rome, Italy), 1991, Volume: 36, Issue:12 Suppl 1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Heart; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocar	1991
Nutrition and the heart. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice, 1989, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Cachexia; Carnitine; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diet; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Heart Diseases; Heart Fa	1989
[The physiological role of L-carnitine in the human body: causes and effects of its deficiency]. Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1988, Mar-07, Volume: 43, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Child; Heart Failure; Humans; Muscular Diseases; Vitamin B Deficiency	1988
[Heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary heart disease. The contribution of biochemical parameters to assessing the prognosis]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1988, May-13, Volume: 113, Issue:19 Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Catecholamines; Coronary Disease; Glucose; Heart Failure; Humans	1988

Article	Year
Plasma acylcarnitines and risk of incident heart failure and atrial fibrillation: the Prevención con dieta mediterránea study. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.), 2022, Volume: 75, Issue:8 Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carnitine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Mediterran	2022
l-Carnitine supplementation in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction; a pilot study. Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2020, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Dietary Supplements; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Pilot	2020
[Influence of levocarnitine on heart function and endocrine among patients with heart failure]. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Function Tests; Humans; Male; Middle Aged	2013
[Clinical efficacy of intravenous L-carnitine in patients with right-sided heart failure induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension]. Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi, 2010, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Carnitine; Exercise Test; Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension; Female; Heart Failure; Hum	2010
Effect of carni Q-gel (ubiquinol and carnitine) on cytokines in patients with heart failure in the Tishcon study. Acta cardiologica, 2007, Volume: 62, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Cytokines; Double-Blind Method; Exercise Test; F	2007
The protective effect of carnitine in human diphtheric myocarditis. Pediatric research, 1984, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatine Kinase; Diphtheria; Electrocardiography; Fe	1984
Acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on the hemodynamics, exercise capacity, and hormones in patients with congestive heart failure. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 1998, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Echocardiography; Exercise Tolerance; Female; Heart Failure; H	1998
Study on propionyl-L-carnitine in chronic heart failure. European heart journal, 1999, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Diuretics;	1999
Three-year survival of patients with heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and L-carnitine administration. American heart journal, 2000, Volume: 139, Issue:2 Pt 3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Exercise Test; Female	2000
Plasma carnitine levels as a marker of impaired left ventricular functions. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2000, Volume: 213, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Mi	2000
Nutritional supplementation with MyoVive repletes essential cardiac myocyte nutrients and reduces left ventricular size in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. American heart journal, 2002, Volume: 143, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Coenzymes; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heart Failure; Humans;	2002
Controlled study on the therapeutic efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine in patients with congestive heart failure. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1992, Volume: 42, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Exercise Test; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Age	1992
[The clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of congestive heart failure]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1992, Volume: 141, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Human	1992
Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of L-carnitine in congestive heart failure. International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy, and toxicology, 1988, Volume: 26, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Carnitine; Diuresis; Electrocardiography; Fema	1988

Article	Year
Plasma acylcarnitine, risk for heart failure or atrial fibrillation, and effects of the Mediterranean diet or obesity. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.), 2022, Volume: 75, Issue:8 Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Carnitine; Diet, Mediterranean; Heart Failure; Humans; Obesity	2022
Surrogate markers of gut dysfunction are related to heart failure severity and outcome-from the BIOSTAT-CHF consortium. American heart journal, 2022, Volume: 248 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Choline; Chronic Disease; Heart Failure; Humans	2022
Nutritional biomarkers and heart failure requiring hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes: the SURDIAGENE cohort. Cardiovascular diabetology, 2022, 06-09, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Betaine; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Choline; Cohort Studies; Cysteine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;	2022
Association of Systemic Trimethyllysine With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Cardiovascular Events. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022, 11-25, Volume: 107, Issue:12 Topics: Carnitine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Heart Failure; Humans; Prospective Studies; Stroke Volume	2022
Primary Carnitine Deficiency as a Treatable Cause of Heart Failure in Young Patients. Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi arsivi : Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin yayin organidir, 2022, Volume: 50, Issue:7 Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; M	2022
Association of carnitine insufficiency with sarcopenia and dynapenia in patients with heart failure. Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2023, Volume: 23, Issue:7 Topics: Carnitine; Hand Strength; Heart Failure; Humans; Muscle Strength; Muscle Weakness; Muscle, Skeletal;	2023
Quantitative Metabolomics Reveals Heart Failure With Midrange Ejection Fraction as a Distinct Phenotype of Heart Failure. The Canadian journal of cardiology, 2021, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Carnitine; China; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Kapl	2021
Decreases in Circulating Concentrations of Short-Chain Acylcarnitines are Associated with Systolic Function Improvement After Decompensated Heart Failure. International heart journal, 2020, Sep-29, Volume: 61, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Esters; Fatty Acids; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Mas	2020
Choline Metabolism and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure in the PREDIMED Study. Clinical chemistry, 2021, 01-08, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Atrial Fibrillation; Betaine; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Female; Heart Failure;	2021
Association of gut-related metabolites with outcome in acute heart failure. American heart journal, 2021, Volume: 234 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Acute Disease; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaine; Carnitine; Choline; Female; Gastro	2021
Increasing fatty acid oxidation elicits a sex-dependent response in failing mouse hearts. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 2021, Volume: 158 Topics: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; Animals; Carnitine; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids;	2021
FMO3-TMAO axis modulates the clinical outcome in chronic heart-failure patients with reduced ejection fraction: evidence from an Asian population. Frontiers of medicine, 2022, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Choline; Chronic Disease; Heart Failure; Humans; Methylamines; Oxygenases; Prospective St	2022
Circulating long chain acylcarnitines and outcomes in diabetic heart failure: an HF-ACTION clinical trial substudy. Cardiovascular diabetology, 2021, 08-03, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies; Exercise Tolerance	2021
Sildenafil Treatment in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Targeted Metabolomic Profiling in the RELAX Trial. JAMA cardiology, 2017, 08-01, Volume: 2, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Metabol	2017
LC-MS-based serum fingerprinting reveals significant dysregulation of phospholipids in chronic heart failure. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2018, May-30, Volume: 154 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Cholesterol; Chromatography, Liquid; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; Fatty Acids;	2018
Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure Reduces Plasma L-carnitine. Archives of medical research, 2018, Volume: 49, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids; Female; H	2018
A pilot study investigating circulating trimethylamine N-oxide and its precursors in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease with or without congestive heart failure. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2019, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Echo	2019
Increased Cardiac Uptake of Ketone Bodies and Free Fatty Acids in Human Heart Failure and Hypertrophic Left Ventricular Remodeling. Circulation. Heart failure, 2018, Volume: 11, Issue:12 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Adaptation, Physiological; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Bi	2018
A liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of potential biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2013, Mar-01, Volume: 919-920 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid;	2013
Diagnosis and treatment of congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy in a hedgehog. The Journal of small animal practice, 2014, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Fa	2014
Impact of sleep-disordered breathing on myocardial damage and metabolism in patients with chronic heart failure. Heart and vessels, 2015, Volume: 30, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Age	2015
Metabolic disturbances identified in plasma are associated with outcomes in patients with heart failure: diagnostic and prognostic value of metabolomics. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015, Apr-21, Volume: 65, Issue:15 Topics: Amino Acids, Essential; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Female; Heart Failure; Humans;	2015
[The "big heart" of carnitine]. Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006), 2010, Volume: 11, Issue:9 Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Dyspnea; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventri	2010
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) modulators: a medicinal chemistry perspective on 35 years of research. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2011, May-12, Volume: 54, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Catalytic Domain; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; E	2011
Disturbed carnitine regulation in chronic heart failure--increased plasma levels of palmitoyl-carnitine are associated with poor prognosis. International journal of cardiology, 2013, Sep-01, Volume: 167, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Disease Progression; Female; Heart Failure; Hum	2013
Primary carnitine deficiency dilated cardiomyopathy: 28 years follow-up. International journal of cardiology, 2013, Jan-10, Volume: 162, Issue:2 Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Echocardiography; Female; Fo	2013
L-Carnitine prevents the development of ventricular fibrosis and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in hypertensive heart disease. Journal of hypertension, 2012, Volume: 30, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Animals; Carnitine; Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Epoprostenol; F	2012
L-Carnitine: a potential treatment for blocking apoptosis and preventing skeletal muscle myopathy in heart failure. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 2002, Volume: 283, Issue:3 Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Apoptosis; Carnitine; Caspase 3; Caspase 9; Caspases; Cell Nucleus; Cells,	2002
Exercise intolerance during post-MI heart failure in rats: prevention with supplemental dietary propionyl-L-carnitine. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2003, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise Tolerance; Heart Failure; In Vitro Techni	2003
Improvement of cardiac function and beta-adrenergic signal transduction by propionyl L-carnitine in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction. Coronary artery disease, 2004, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Cardiotonic Agent	2004
Inflammation and perturbation of the l-carnitine system in heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 2005, Volume: 7, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;	2005
Carnitine-mediated improved response to erythropoietin involves induction of haem oxygenase-1: studies in humans and in an animal model. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Carnitine; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Heart Failure	2008
[Acute heart failure in a 16-month child: onset of primary deficit of carnitine]. Minerva pediatrica, 2007, Volume: 59, Issue:6 Topics: Carnitine; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Infant	2007
Enhanced acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity is associated with improved mitochondrial and contractile function in heart failure. Cardiovascular research, 2008, Jul-15, Volume: 79, Issue:2 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Adiponectin; Animals; Blood Glucose; Carnitine; Dietary Fats; Disease Models	2008
Hypocarnitinemic hypoglycemia and heart failure in an infant with a constant parenteral elementary nutrition during measles vaccination-related febrile illness. Neuropediatrics, 2007, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Topics: Carnitine; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measles	2007
Myocardial carnitine deficiency in chronic heart failure. Lancet (London, England), 1982, Jan-09, Volume: 1, Issue:8263 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Guinea Pigs; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardium	1982
Lipid intermediates in chronically volume-overloaded rat hearts. Effect of diffuse ischemia. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, 1984, Volume: 402, Issue:3 Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cardiomegaly; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Coronary Dise	1984
Carnitine deficiency presenting as familial cardiomyopathy: a treatable defect in carnitine transport. The Journal of pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 101, Issue:5 Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Heart Failure; Humans; Male	1982
[Effect of carnitine (VBt) on the cardiac function of experimental failing heart]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 1982, Volume: 17, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Cats; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Failure; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxyg	1982
[Use of carnitine in cardiac insufficiency: clinical contribution]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1980, Nov-15, Volume: 95, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Middle Aged	1980
"Carnitine deficient" myopathy and cardiomyopathy with fatal outcome. Italian journal of neurological sciences, 1980, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia, General; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Hear	1980
Congestive heart failure. Drug therapy: central or peripheral approach? Cardiologia (Rome, Italy), 1993, Volume: 38, Issue:12 Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine	1993
[The Italian contribution to the application of high-technology methods to clinical trials]. Cardiologia (Rome, Italy), 1993, Volume: 38, Issue:12 Suppl 1 Topics: Cardiology; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Computer Communication Networks; Echocardiography;	1993
Barth syndrome: clinical observations and genetic linkage studies. American journal of medical genetics, 1994, Apr-15, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Acids; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Diseases in Twins; Dwarfism; Ele	1994
Fish oil and other nutritional adjuvants for treatment of congestive heart failure. Medical hypotheses, 1996, Volume: 46, Issue:4 Topics: Carnitine; Chromium; Coenzymes; Dietary Fats; Fish Oils; Heart Failure; Humans; Magnesium; Minerals;	1996
Long-term 1-carnitine treatment prolongs the survival in rats with adriamycin-induced heart failure. Journal of cardiac failure, 1996, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Adenosine Triphosphate; Administration, Oral; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Carnit	1996
[Metabolism and function of peripheral muscles in heart failure: pharmacologic effects]. Cardiologia (Rome, Italy), 1995, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Suppl 1 Topics: Cardiotonic Agents; Carnitine; Exercise; Heart Failure; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Regional Blood Flo	1995
[Carnitine and solcoseryl in combined treatment of elderly and senile patients with myocardial infarction]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 1998, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Actihaemyl; Aged; Carnitine; Creatine Kinase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combin	1998
Serum-free carnitine levels in children with heart failure. Journal of tropical pediatrics, 1999, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Carnitine; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatty Acids; Female;	1999
Beneficial effects of propionyl L-carnitine on sarcolemmal changes in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular research, 1999, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Calcium; Carnitine; Heart Failu	1999
Myocardial carnitine and carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiencies in patients with severe heart failure. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2000, Nov-15, Volume: 1502, Issue:3 Topics: Biopsy; Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Transplantation; H	2000
Milder childhood form of very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in a 6-year-old Japanese boy. European journal of pediatrics, 2000, Volume: 159, Issue:12 Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain; Cardiomegaly; Carnitine; Child; Fatty Liver; Heart Failure; Hepa	2000
L-carnitine treatment for congestive heart failure--experimental and clinical study. Japanese circulation journal, 1992, Volume: 56, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Cricetinae; Drug Eval	1992
Myocardial free carnitine and fatty acylcarnitine levels in patients with chronic heart failure. Japanese circulation journal, 1990, Volume: 54, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Autopsy; Biopsy; Carnitine; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Female; Heart Failure; Hear	1990
Metabolic alterations in end-stage and less severe heart failure--myocardial carnitine decrease. Journal of clinical chemistry and clinical biochemistry. Zeitschrift fur klinische Chemie und klinische Biochemie, 1990, Volume: 28, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Carnitine; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardium	1990
Defective myocardial carnitine metabolism in congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy and to coronary, hypertensive and valvular heart diseases. The American journal of cardiology, 1990, Mar-15, Volume: 65, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Coronary Disease; Endocardium; Energy Metabolism;	1990
Transient carnitine-responsive medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria in an infant with cholestasis, hypoglycemia and cardiac failure. Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition, 1989, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Carnitine; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Cholestasis; Dicarboxylic Acids; Female; Heart Failure;	1989
Chronic inhibition of fatty acid oxidation: new model of diastolic dysfunction. Life sciences, 1989, Volume: 44, Issue:25 Topics: Animals; Carnitine; Carnitine Acyltransferases; Coronary Disease; Diastole; Epoxy Compounds; Ethers,	1989
Myocardial carnitine in end-stage congestive heart failure. The American journal of cardiology, 1989, Jul-01, Volume: 64, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carnitine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Failure; Heart Tra	1989
Energy metabolism and mechanical function in perfused hearts of Syrian hamsters with dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 1986, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Carnitine; Coenzyme A; Coronary Circu	1986
[Carnitine metabolism--changes in the end stage of dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic heart muscle disease]. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 1987, Volume: 76 Suppl 5 Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Coronary Disease; Heart Failure; Heart Transplantation; Humans;	1987
[Clinical significance of serum carnitine in the course and prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy]. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 1987, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Card	1987
Cardiac and skeletal muscle abnormalities in cardiomyopathy: comparison of patients with ventricular tachycardia or congestive heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1987, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive; Carnitine; Child; Child, Pr	1987
[Effects of acetylcarnitine and carnitine on experimental heart failure]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 1986, Volume: 21, Issue:7 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Animals; Carnitine; Dogs; Drug Synergism; Female; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Male	1986
[Comparative study on the effect of acetylcarnitine and carnitine on experimental hypoxic heart failure and their interactions with strophanthin K]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 1985, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Animals; Carnitine; Drug Synergism; Guinea Pigs; Heart Failure; Hypoxia; In Vitro T	1985
Carnitine alterations in spontaneous and drug-induced turkey congestive cardiomyopathy. Pediatric research, 1985, Volume: 19, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine; Furazolidone; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Liver; Myoca	1985
Defective lipid metabolism in the failing heart. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1968, Volume: 47, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cardiomegaly; Carnitine; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Guinea Pigs; Heart Failure;	1968
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1974, Nov-20, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetyltransferases; Anorexia Nervosa; Benzoates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cardiomega	1974
Oxidative phosphorylation in cardiomyopathic hamsters. The American journal of physiology, 1972, Volume: 222, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Carnitine; Cricetinae; Glutamates; Heart Failure;	1972

carnitine and Cardiac Failure