cardiovascular-agents and Osteoporosis

The preventive effects of olive oil against different diseases have been attributed to its high phenolic compound content. The objective of this study was to examine available scientific evidence on the beneficial effects against chronic diseases of olive oil phenolic compounds.. This article examines recently published data on olive oil phenolic compounds and their potential benefits in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and osteoporosis.. The antioxidant, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities of olive oil phenolic compounds have preventive effects against heart disease and cancer. These compounds also exert neuroprotective and neuromodulator effects against neurodegenerative disease, inhibiting the development of amyloid plaques. Finally, they are known to protect against osteoporosis, favoring bone regeneration.. Dietary intake of olive oil can be recommended by healthcare professionals as an important source of phenolic compounds that play a role in the prevention of chronic disease and the consequent improvement in quality of life.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diet, Healthy; Humans; Neoplasms; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Olive Oil; Osteoporosis; Phenols; Protective Factors; Risk Factors

Osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases are epidemiologically associated. Calcification phenomena of atherosclerotic plaque involve cytokines and growth factors also involved in bone remodeling. Drugs given for either of these two conditions could act on these mechanisms. Can osteoporosis drugs have an influence on the occurrence of cardiovascular events? Conversely, can the treatment of hypertension alter the course of osteoporosis? It is possible that administration of high doses of calcium (1g/day) in patients who already have important dietary intake can increase the risk of myocardial infarction. Epidemiological studies show links between low serum vitamin D levels and cardiovascular disease but interventional studies show that vitamin D administration in moderately deficient subjects vitamin D does not prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Cohort studies show a beneficial effect of beta-blockers and thiazides administered to hypertensive patients: they reduce by 20% risk of fracture of the proximal femur. Should we focus on these anti-hypertensive treatments for our patients with osteoporosis?

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Denosumab; Diphosphonates; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hypertension; Myocardial Infarction; Osteoporosis; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Teriparatide; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

Although primarily a lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now recognized to have extrapulmonary effects on distal organs, the so-called systemic effects and comorbidities of COPD. Skeletal muscle dysfunction, nutritional abnormalities including weight loss, cardiovascular complications, metabolic complications, and osteoporosis, among others, are all well-recognized associations in COPD. These extrapulmonary effects add to the burden of mortality and morbidity in COPD and therefore should be actively looked for, assessed, and treated.

Topics: Anemia; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Muscular Atrophy; Osteoporosis; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

The review analyzes the possible effect of cardiac drugs on the course of osteoporosis (OP). The fact that atherosclerosis and OP share the mechanisms of development, among which the enhanced activity of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system and endothelial dysfunction are most important, is beyond question now. In this connection, beta-adrenoblockers, nebivolol in particular, attract attention. Nebivolol is known to be a selective beta1-adrenoblocker that has an additional vasodilator property, by stimulating the synthesis of nitric oxide. This may serve to increase bone mineral density and slow down the progression of OP. At the same time, most investigations in this area are retrospective therefore final conclusions call for randomized prospective studies that will be able to evaluate more objectively the effect of cardiac drugs on the prevention of OP or its progression delay.

Topics: Benzopyrans; Bone Density; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Endothelium, Vascular; Ethanolamines; Humans; Nebivolol; Nitric Oxide; Osteoporosis; Retrospective Studies; Vasodilator Agents; Vasomotor System

The commonest medical conditions following menopause are osteoporosis and atherosclerotic disease. This review considers the safety of pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis in cardiology patients. Drugs used for osteoporosis treatment may have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. This article has detailed analysed of current drug classes, such as the bisphosphonates and strontium ranelate, as well as reviewed of the controversy surrounding hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Additionally, we discuss the adverse effects on the heart of calcium and drugs influencing calcium metabolism such as vitamin D, parathormone and calcitonin. We look at the interference between osteoporosis treatment and the drugs used for atherosclerosis. Moreover, the side effects on bones of cardiology drugs are analysed. Lastly, the possible advantages of selected drugs used for cardiovascular diseases in terms of osteoporosis prevention are evaluated.

Topics: Age Factors; Bone and Bones; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Male; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Risk Assessment; Sex Factors

During the past decade, major advances have reported the importance of the vitamin D on the bone metabolism, and recent studies have suggested the potential non skeletal effects of the vitamin D. Adequate vitamin D contributes to reduce the risk of non vertebral fractures, improves the neuromuscular function and reduces the risk of falls when serum 25OHD level are greater than 30ng/mL (75nmol/L). A possible role of vitamin D has been implicated in the reduction of mortality, of the non-skin cancers, of the risk of infections, of inflammatory diseases, of cardiovascular diseases and maybe osteoarthritis. However the current level of evidence for associations is weaker than for skeletal effects. Serum 25OHD level is influenced by several factors (cutaneous vitamin D production, fat mass, dietary sources, UV-B exposure, latitude, season...), and the measurement of the serum 25OHD level is the only way to determine the vitamin D status. It is recommended to measure the serum 25OHD level in patients with osteoporosis or at risk of osteoporosis, and to correct the deficiency.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Bone and Bones; Cardiovascular Agents; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Neuromuscular Junction; Osteoarthritis; Osteoporosis; Vitamin D; Vitamins

Drugs can affect the skeleton in different ways. Antiepileptic drugs were not associated with any major fracture risk. Lithium was associated with a decreased fracture risk. Insulin, sulphonylureas and metformin were associated with a decreased risk, whereas glitazones were associated with an increased risk. Blood pressure lowering drugs, thiazide diuretics and nitroglycerin were associated with a decreased risk of fractures, whereas amiodarone and loop diuretics were associated with an increased risk. Pain medication varied from no effect to an increased fracture risk.

Topics: Analgesics; Antineoplastic Agents; Bone Density; Cardiovascular Agents; Central Nervous System Agents; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Fractures, Spontaneous; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Osteoporosis; Risk Factors

Statins are pluripotent agents exhibiting multiple non-lipid-lowering actions. Besides their established role in the management of hypercholesterolemia, statins may also have beneficial actions in other pathological conditions, namely: a) osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related bone fractures, b) cancer, c) solid organ transplantation, d) cerebrovascular events (transient ischemic attack and stroke episodes), e) various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis, f) cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure, g) renal diseases, h) rheumatoid arthritis, i) autoimmune diseases, j) sepsis, and k) allergic asthma. We reviewed the literature searching for studies that support or oppose the use of statins in each proposed indication. In some of these emerging indications, a role for statin treatment is more firmly set; for others, current evidence is more controversial. Future trials may reveal more convincing evidence that will make statin use necessary in the therapeutic management of several diseases.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Asthma; Autoimmune Diseases; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Heart Diseases; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Kidney Diseases; Neoplasms; Nervous System Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Transplantation; Osteoporosis; Sepsis

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly associated with multiple comorbidities. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of comorbidities in patients with COPD and to relate their prevalence to the severity of the disease by using a large German health care database. Based on the retrospective analysis of a two-year (2013-2014) database from the German Statutory Health Insurance system, we obtained a representative sample of 4,075,493 german insurants. This sample included 146,141 patients with COPD (age: ≥35 years). To these patients, we matched 1:1 by age and gender randomly selected non-COPD controls. We assessed the comorbidities and the use of cardiovascular drugs, and examined COPD subgroups according to lung function (ICD-10-coded FEV1) and the treatment with long-acting inhaled bronchodilators. Compared to non-COPD, patients with COPD had a higher prevalence of hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, psychiatric disease and lung cancer, and used more cardiovascular-related drugs. However, the prevalence of comorbidities did not correlate to the severity of airflow limitation. The results of this sizeable nationwide survey support the concept that individuals with COPD need careful evaluation regarding comorbidities. This can already be of relevance in patients with mild to moderate airflow limitation.. Comorbidities in COPD have a complex relationship with disease severity, requiring a comprehensive therapy approach.

Topics: Aged; Bronchodilator Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Forced Expiratory Volume; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Germany; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Prevalence; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index

Osteoporosis (OP) and chronic heart failure (CHF) are chronic noninfection diseases which are characterized not only by high prevalence but also by development of severe complications such as fractures in OP and decompensation in CHF. These complications lead to loss of functional, social activity and independent way of life, worsening of quality of life, hospitalizations, and premature death of a patient. During many years OP and CHF have been looked upon as independent diseases but according to recent data risk factors of their development and progression are common. In this article we pay special attention to mechanisms of development of CHF and OP, their risk factors, instrumental and laboratory diagnosis of OP, and problems of its treatment.

Topics: Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Chronic Disease; Disease Management; Disease Progression; Heart Failure; Humans; Medication Therapy Management; Osteoporosis

Cardiac complications caused by iron deposition are major causes of death in patients with beta-thalassemia major. Deferiprone (L1) was found to have greater efficacy at depleting myocardial iron than desferrioxamine (DFX). Furthermore, combined therapy with L1 and DFX produced an additive or synergistic iron chelating effect. We report the successful treatment of severe heart failure in two patients with beta-thalassemia major with the combined therapy. Magnetic resonance images showed a marked recovery of signal intensity in the heart, indicating a significant reduction of iron load in the heart. No significant adverse effects were noted. Therefore, combined therapy with L1 and DFX should be considered in patients with beta-thalassemia major and cardiac complications.

Topics: Adult; beta-Thalassemia; Cardiovascular Agents; Deferiprone; Deferoxamine; Diabetes Complications; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythrocyte Transfusion; Female; Heart Failure; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Hypogonadism; Iron Chelating Agents; Iron Overload; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Osteoporosis; Pyridones; Splenectomy; Transfusion Reaction; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Osteoporosis; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors

Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Ergoloid Mesylates; Ergot Alkaloids; Osteoporosis; Pain

Topics: Ambulatory Care Facilities; Cardiovascular Agents; Ergot Alkaloids; Humans; Osteoporosis; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy