cardiovascular-agents and Hypoglycemia

Glucagon is an important therapeutic agent in critical care medicine. Although its endogenous hormonal functions have been well described, its clinical uses are rarely discussed. Glucagon is effective in the treatment of hypoglycemia, cardiogenic shock and heart failure, propranolol overdose, esophageal meat impaction, ureteral colic due to calculi, and acute diverticulitis. It may prove useful in the treatment of endotoxin and hypovolemic shock as well as toxicity due to excesses of procainamide, quinidine, or ouabain.

Topics: Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Colic; Diverticulitis; Esophagus; Glucagon; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Muscle, Smooth; Myocardial Contraction; Peristalsis; Ureteral Calculi

To evaluate the effects of indomethacin on blood glucose values in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).. Twenty-five very low birthweight infants with PDA were given 0.2 mg/kg, i.v., indomethacin for up to three doses. We examined the relationship between blood glucose values and glucose infusion rate before and after indomethacin therapy.. There was a significant reduction in blood glucose values between 12 and 96 h following i.v. indomethacin therapy. Eleven of 25 infants (44%) had blood glucose values below 40 mg/dL between 12 and 60 h (mean 32.7 h) after the initial dose. Although the glucose infusion rate during the first 12 h was constant (3.56 +/- 0.98 mg/kg per min), the blood glucose values decreased from 96 +/- 32 mg/dL at the starting point to 75 +/- 29 mg/dL at 12 h (P < 0.05). The maximum blood glucose reduction was 51.6 +/- 34.7 mg/dL and the maximum blood glucose reduction rate was 50.4 +/- 20.2%.. The results suggest that blood glucose values should be measured at least every 6 h for 72 h until they stabilize in order to prevent unexpected hypoglycemia.

Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Indomethacin; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Male; Retrospective Studies; Statistics, Nonparametric

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Cardiovascular Agents; Hexamethonium; Humans; Hyperinsulinism; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Muscle Relaxants, Central

Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Death; Dehydration; Ergot Alkaloids; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents; Seizures

Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Agents; Hexamethonium; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Pancreatic Diseases