cardamonin and Edema

Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. had been traditionally used as herbs to treat pain and rheumatism. Cardamonin (2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone) is a compound isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.. Previous study had shown the potential of cardamonin in inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vitro. Thus, the possible therapeutic effect of cardamonin in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints is postulated. This study was performed to investigate the anti-arthritic properties of cardamonin in rat model of induced RA, particularly on the inflammatory and pain response of RA. Rheumatoid arthritis paw inflammation was induced by intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in Sprague Dawley rats. Using four doses of cardamonin (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0mg/kg), anti-arthritic activity was evaluated through the paw edema, mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia responses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out to evaluate the plasma level of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Histological slides were prepared from the harvested rat paws to observe the arthritic changes in the joints. Behavioral, biochemical, and histological studies showed that cardamonin demonstrated significant inhibition on RA-induced inflammatory and pain responses as well as progression of joint destruction in rats. ELISA results showed that there was significant inhibition in TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in plasma of the cardamonin-treated RA rats. Overall, cardamonin possesses potential anti-arthritic properties in CFA-induced RA rat model.

Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chalcones; Edema; Freund's Adjuvant; Hyperalgesia; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Zingiberaceae

Cardamonin is a chalcone isolated from Alpinia katsumadai. This study is aimed to evaluate treatment of cardamonin decreased the paw edema at the 5th hour after λ-carrageenan (Carr) administration and increased the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the anti-inflammatory test. We also demonstrated that cardamonin significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the edema paw at the 5th hour after Carr injection. Cardamonin decreased the nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 levels on the serum level at the 5th hour after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that cardamonin decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cycloxyclase (COX-2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and MAPK [extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), p38] expressions and increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expressions at the 5th hour in the edema paw. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of cardamonin might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA, iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, and MAPK and induction of the HO-1 expression in the edema paw via increasing the activities of CAT and SOD in the edema paw through the suppression of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.

Topics: Alpinia; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carrageenan; Catalase; Chalcones; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cytokines; Edema; Enzyme Induction; Heme Oxygenase-1; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase