Page last updated: 2024-10-16

carbon monoxide and Complications, Pregnancy

carbon monoxide has been researched along with Complications, Pregnancy in 47 studies

Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Carbon monoxide poisoning requires a high degree of suspicion."8.91Carbon Monoxide Exposure During Pregnancy. ( Friedman, P; Guo, XM; Laifer, SA; Stiller, RJ, 2015)
"Pregnant women (N=167) completed a validated self-report smoking assessment, a urine drug screen for cotinine (UDS), and provided an expired air sample twice during pregnancy."7.79Using expired air carbon monoxide to determine smoking status during pregnancy: preliminary identification of an appropriately sensitive and specific cut-point. ( Bailey, BA, 2013)
"To examine the relation of cigarette consumption and exhaled carbon monoxide levels during pregnancy and to assess the effect of these smoking measures on birth weight."7.69Smoking in pregnancy, exhaled carbon monoxide, and birth weight. ( Flynn, BS; Mead, PB; Secker-Walker, RH; Vacek, PM, 1997)
"Carbon monoxide is a gasotransmitter that has been implicated in maintaining vascular tone, increasing angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation and apoptosis at physiological concentrations."5.56Carbon monoxide increases utero-placental angiogenesis without impacting pregnancy specific adaptations in mice. ( Dickson, MA; McRae, KE; Peterson, N; Pudwell, J; Smith, GN; Tayade, C, 2020)
"The authors present the case of severe carbon monoxide poisoning affecting one young child and five adults, including a pregnant woman."5.40[Urgent cesarean section in a pregnant woman with carbon monoxide poisoning]. ( Doroszlai, R; Gara, E; Gesztes, É; Zacher, G, 2014)
"The three known gasotransmitters, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are involved in key processes throughout pregnancy."5.05Maternal disease and gasotransmitters. ( Boeldt, DS; Mauro, AK; Rengarajan, A, 2020)
"Carbon monoxide poisoning requires a high degree of suspicion."4.91Carbon Monoxide Exposure During Pregnancy. ( Friedman, P; Guo, XM; Laifer, SA; Stiller, RJ, 2015)
"Controlled pre-post design stratified by intervention condition from the 'Study of Nicotine Patch in Pregnancy', a randomized, placebo-controlled trial."3.91Saliva cotinine concentrations in pregnant women who smoke and use nicotine patches. ( Berlin, I; Claire, R; Coleman, T; Leonardi-Bee, J, 2019)
"A package of measures implemented in trusts and smoking cessation services, aimed at increasing the proportion of pregnant smokers quitting during pregnancy, comprising skills training for healthcare and smoking cessation staff; universal carbon monoxide monitoring with routine opt-out referral for smoking cessation support; provision of carbon monoxide monitors and supporting materials; and an explicit referral pathway and follow-up protocol."3.88Evaluation of a complex healthcare intervention to increase smoking cessation in pregnant women: interrupted time series analysis with economic evaluation. ( Araújo-Soares, V; Bell, R; Close, A; Glinianaia, SV; Hamilton, S; Jones, S; Milne, EM; Moloney, E; Rushton, S; Shucksmith, J; Vale, L; Waal, ZV; White, M; Willmore, M, 2018)
"Using random-effect logistic regression models, we analysed the effects of baseline measures of cigarette dependence, including numbers of cigarettes smoked daily, Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) score, the two FTCD subscales of Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) and non-Heaviness of Smoking Index (non-HSI), expired carbon monoxide (CO) level and urges to smoke (strength and frequency) on smoking cessation."3.83Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. ( Aveyard, P; Coleman, T; Lewis, S; Naughton, F; Riaz, M; Ussher, M; West, R, 2016)
"Pregnant women (N=167) completed a validated self-report smoking assessment, a urine drug screen for cotinine (UDS), and provided an expired air sample twice during pregnancy."3.79Using expired air carbon monoxide to determine smoking status during pregnancy: preliminary identification of an appropriately sensitive and specific cut-point. ( Bailey, BA, 2013)
"identification and referral of pregnant smokers to specialist services using self-report gathered on routine pregnancy booking questionnaire augmented by a carbon monoxide breath test."3.76'Breathe': the stop smoking service for pregnant women in Glasgow. ( Barnett, D; Hamilton, S; McGowan, A; Nsofor, M; Proudfoot, J; Tappin, DM, 2010)
"Exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and other ambient air pollutants is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes."3.76Relation of whole blood carboxyhemoglobin concentration to ambient carbon monoxide exposure estimated using regression. ( Dills, R; Frederick, IO; Koenig, JQ; Rudra, CB; Schiff, MA; Sheppard, L; Williams, MA, 2010)
"To examine the relation of cigarette consumption and exhaled carbon monoxide levels during pregnancy and to assess the effect of these smoking measures on birth weight."3.69Smoking in pregnancy, exhaled carbon monoxide, and birth weight. ( Flynn, BS; Mead, PB; Secker-Walker, RH; Vacek, PM, 1997)
" Two different nicotine replacement therapy dosing regiments were administered according to the baseline salivary cotinine level."2.78A randomized clinical trial of trans-dermal nicotine replacement in pregnant African-American smokers. ( El-Mohandes, AA; Gantz, MG; Kiely, M; Perry, DC; Tan, S; Windsor, R, 2013)
"Pregnancy is accompanied by several adaptations in the mother, such as increased blood volume, higher cardiac output and reduced peripheral vascular resistance."2.49Heme oxygenase-1 in placental development and pathology. ( Baczyk, D; Drewlo, S; Kingdom, J; Levytska, K, 2013)
" No study reported adverse maternal, fetal, or neonatal outcomes from the CO inhalation in association with measuring DL(CO)."2.46CO and NO pulmonary diffusing capacity during pregnancy: Safety and diagnostic potential. ( Artal, R; Blood, AB; Longo, LD; Power, GG; Vlastos, EJ; Zavorsky, GS, 2010)
"Carbon monoxide is a gasotransmitter that has been implicated in maintaining vascular tone, increasing angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation and apoptosis at physiological concentrations."1.56Carbon monoxide increases utero-placental angiogenesis without impacting pregnancy specific adaptations in mice. ( Dickson, MA; McRae, KE; Peterson, N; Pudwell, J; Smith, GN; Tayade, C, 2020)
"The authors present the case of severe carbon monoxide poisoning affecting one young child and five adults, including a pregnant woman."1.40[Urgent cesarean section in a pregnant woman with carbon monoxide poisoning]. ( Doroszlai, R; Gara, E; Gesztes, É; Zacher, G, 2014)
"We observed elevated risks for preeclampsia, preterm birth, and very preterm birth from maternal exposures to traffic air pollutants measured at ambient stations (CO, NO, NO(2), and NO(x)) and modeled through CALINE4 (NO(x) and PM(2."1.37Comparing exposure assessment methods for traffic-related air pollution in an adverse pregnancy outcome study. ( Chung, J; Ritz, B; Wilhelm, M; Wu, J, 2011)

Research

Studies (47)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199011 (23.40)18.7374
1990's6 (12.77)18.2507
2000's6 (12.77)29.6817
2010's21 (44.68)24.3611
2020's3 (6.38)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Rengarajan, A1
Mauro, AK1
Boeldt, DS1
Dickson, MA1
Peterson, N1
McRae, KE1
Pudwell, J1
Tayade, C1
Smith, GN1
Van Vliet, EDS1
Kinney, PL1
Owusu-Agyei, S1
Schluger, NW1
Ae-Ngibise, KA1
Whyatt, RM1
Jack, DW1
Agyei, O1
Chillrud, SN1
Boamah, EA1
Mujtaba, M1
Asante, KP1
Claire, R1
Coleman, T5
Leonardi-Bee, J2
Berlin, I1
Gallardo, V1
González, M1
Toledo, F1
Sobrevia, L1
Levytska, K1
Kingdom, J1
Baczyk, D1
Drewlo, S1
Bailey, BA1
Gara, E1
Gesztes, É1
Doroszlai, R1
Zacher, G1
Jia, X1
Guo, X1
Bates, F1
Friedman, P1
Guo, XM1
Stiller, RJ1
Laifer, SA1
Riaz, M1
Lewis, S1
Aveyard, P1
West, R1
Naughton, F2
Ussher, M1
Campbell, KA2
Cooper, S2
Fahy, SJ1
Bowker, K1
McEwen, A1
Whitemore, R1
Bowker, KA1
Sloan, M1
Bell, R1
Glinianaia, SV1
Waal, ZV1
Close, A1
Moloney, E1
Jones, S1
Araújo-Soares, V1
Hamilton, S2
Milne, EM1
Shucksmith, J1
Vale, L1
Willmore, M1
White, M1
Rushton, S1
McGowan, A1
Barnett, D1
Nsofor, M1
Proudfoot, J1
Tappin, DM1
Braillon, A1
Dubois, G1
Zavorsky, GS1
Blood, AB1
Power, GG1
Longo, LD4
Artal, R1
Vlastos, EJ1
Rudra, CB1
Williams, MA1
Sheppard, L1
Koenig, JQ1
Schiff, MA1
Frederick, IO1
Dills, R1
Wu, J1
Wilhelm, M1
Chung, J1
Ritz, B1
Pereira, G1
Nassar, N1
Cook, A1
Bower, C1
Tuten, M1
Fitzsimons, H1
Chisolm, MS1
Nuzzo, PA1
Jones, HE1
El-Mohandes, AA1
Windsor, R1
Tan, S1
Perry, DC1
Gantz, MG1
Kiely, M1
Bauld, L1
Hackshaw, L1
Ferguson, J1
Taylor, G1
Salway, R1
GERE, K1
SZEKERES, V1
BEAU, A1
NEIMANN, N1
PIERSON, M1
Pirogowicz, I2
Jezowiecka, M2
Pomorski, M2
Masztalerz-Migas, A1
Zachara, M1
Bury, A1
Garstka, H1
Mazik, W1
Steciwko, A2
Viljoen, E1
Hughes, JR1
Epstein, LH1
Andrasik, F1
Neff, DF1
Thompson, DS1
Zamorano, T1
Gabrielli, A1
Layon, AJ1
Singh, J1
Moore-Cheatum, L1
Secker-Walker, RH1
Vacek, PM1
Flynn, BS1
Mead, PB1
Windsor, RA1
Li, CQ1
Boyd, NR1
Hartmann, KE1
Aubard, Y1
Magne, I1
Renner, R1
Sullivan, FM1
Barlow, SM1
Rush, D1
Orme, J1
King, J1
Eiser, JR1
Butler, NR1
McDiarmid, MA1
Agnew, J1
Lees, PS1
Duffy, R1
Melius, J1
Weisberg, E1
Jacoby, HE1
Browne, JC1
Hytten, FE1

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Smoking Reduction In Gravid Women With Substance Use Disorders (SIGS): A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04132232]74 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-02-15Recruiting
Imaging Innovations for Placental Assessment in Response to Environmental Pollution[NCT02786420]199 participants (Actual)Observational2015-10-02Completed
Nicotine Replacement Therapy Methods for Pregnant Women[NCT00341432]Phase 2300 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2005-08-16Completed
The Safety of Transdermal Nicotine Immediately Following an Acute Coronary Syndrome: The STADIA Pilot Study[NCT00990197]30 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2005-06-30Suspended (stopped due to Difficulties with enrollment.)
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

9 reviews available for carbon monoxide and Complications, Pregnancy

ArticleYear
Maternal disease and gasotransmitters.
    Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry, 2020, 03-01, Volume: 96

    Topics: Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Gasotransmitters; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Nitric Oxide; Parturit

2020
Role of heme oxygenase 1 and human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancy associated diseases.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2020, 02-01, Volume: 1866, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Heme Oxygena

2020
Heme oxygenase-1 in placental development and pathology.
    Placenta, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:4

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Heme Oxygenase-1; Humans; Placenta; Placent

2013
Carbon Monoxide Exposure During Pregnancy.
    Obstetrical & gynecological survey, 2015, Volume: 70, Issue:11

    Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; Fetus; Humans; Hyperbaric Oxygena

2015
CO and NO pulmonary diffusing capacity during pregnancy: Safety and diagnostic potential.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2010, Mar-31, Volume: 170, Issue:3

    Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Nitric Oxide; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complic

2010
Some health consequences of maternal smoking: issues without answers.
    Birth defects original article series, 1982, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Pt A

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Birth Weight; Carbon Monoxide; Child; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Human

1982
Carbon monoxide poisoning in pregnancy.
    BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:7

    Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Growth Retardation; Hemoglobi

2000
Smoking and reproductive health.
    Clinical reproduction and fertility, 1985, Volume: 3, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Breast Feeding; Breast Neoplasms; Carbon Monoxide; Child; Child, Presch

1985
Carbon monoxide in the pregnant mother and fetus and its exchange across the placenta.
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1970, Oct-05, Volume: 174, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Brain Damage, Chronic; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Diffusion; Environmental

1970

Trials

3 trials available for carbon monoxide and Complications, Pregnancy

ArticleYear
Contingent incentives reduce cigarette smoking among pregnant, methadone-maintained women: results of an initial feasibility and efficacy randomized clinical trial.
    Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2012, Volume: 107, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Behavior Therapy; Carbon Monoxide; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Methadone; Motivation

2012
A randomized clinical trial of trans-dermal nicotine replacement in pregnant African-American smokers.
    Maternal and child health journal, 2013, Volume: 17, Issue:5

    Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Black or African American; Carbon Monoxide; Cognitive Behavioral T

2013
The use of significant reduction rates to evaluate health education methods for pregnant smokers: a new harm reduction behavioral indicator?
    Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education, 1999, Volume: 26, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Alabama; Biomarkers; Birth Weight; Carbon Monoxide; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Cotinine; Dose-Res

1999

Other Studies

35 other studies available for carbon monoxide and Complications, Pregnancy

ArticleYear
Carbon monoxide increases utero-placental angiogenesis without impacting pregnancy specific adaptations in mice.
    Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2020, May-14, Volume: 18, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Cytokines; Embryo Im

2020
Current respiratory symptoms and risk factors in pregnant women cooking with biomass fuels in rural Ghana.
    Environment international, 2019, Volume: 124

    Topics: Adult; Air Pollution, Indoor; Biomass; Carbon Monoxide; Cooking; Family Characteristics; Female; Gha

2019
Saliva cotinine concentrations in pregnant women who smoke and use nicotine patches.
    Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2019, Volume: 114, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; Cigarette Smoking; Cotinine; Female; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotin

2019
Using expired air carbon monoxide to determine smoking status during pregnancy: preliminary identification of an appropriately sensitive and specific cut-point.
    Addictive behaviors, 2013, Volume: 38, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; Cotinine; False Positive Reactions; Female; Humans

2013
[Urgent cesarean section in a pregnant woman with carbon monoxide poisoning].
    Orvosi hetilap, 2014, Jun-01, Volume: 155, Issue:22

    Topics: Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Cesarean Section; Emergency Treatment; Female; Fe

2014
[Bibliometric analysis of associations between ambient pollution and reproductive and developmental health].
    Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine], 2014, Volume: 48, Issue:6

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Bibliometrics; Carbon Monoxide; China; Cohort

2014
Smoking in pregnancy: The dangers of carbon monoxide exposure.
    Community practitioner : the journal of the Community Practitioners' & Health Visitors' Association, 2015, Volume: 88, Issue:9

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Patient Educ

2015
Smoke screens.
    Midwives, 2015,Winter, Volume: 18

    Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; P

2015
Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial.
    Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2016, Volume: 111, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; England; Exercise; Female; Humans; Logistic Models; Odds Ratio

2016
'Opt-out' referrals after identifying pregnant smokers using exhaled air carbon monoxide: impact on engagement with smoking cessation support.
    Tobacco control, 2017, Volume: 26, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prenatal Care; Referral

2017
Antenatal Clinic and Stop Smoking Services Staff Views on "Opt-Out" Referrals for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: A Framework Analysis.
    International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016, 10-12, Volume: 13, Issue:10

    Topics: Ambulatory Care Facilities; Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Motivation; Pregnancy; Pr

2016
Evaluation of a complex healthcare intervention to increase smoking cessation in pregnant women: interrupted time series analysis with economic evaluation.
    Tobacco control, 2018, Volume: 27, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carbon Monoxide; England; Female; Health Care Costs; Humans; Interrupted Time Ser

2018
'Breathe': the stop smoking service for pregnant women in Glasgow.
    Midwifery, 2010, Volume: 26, Issue:3

    Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; Counseling; Female; Ganglionic Stimulants; Humans; Nicotine; Nurse Mi

2010
[Maternal mortality and addiction to smoking].
    Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 2009, Volume: 28, Issue:4

    Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Carboxyhemoglobin; Europe; Female; Fetal Blood; Fetal Monitoring; France; Hospitals

2009
Relation of whole blood carboxyhemoglobin concentration to ambient carbon monoxide exposure estimated using regression.
    American journal of epidemiology, 2010, Apr-15, Volume: 171, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Biomarkers; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Carboxyhemoglobin; Cr

2010
Comparing exposure assessment methods for traffic-related air pollution in an adverse pregnancy outcome study.
    Environmental research, 2011, Volume: 111, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; California; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Maternal Exposure

2011
Traffic emissions are associated with reduced fetal growth in areas of Perth, Western Australia: an application of the AusRoads dispersion model.
    Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 2011, Volume: 35, Issue:5

    Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Birth Weight; Carbon Monoxide; Environmental Exposure; Female; Fetal

2011
Implementation of routine biochemical validation and an 'opt out' referral pathway for smoking cessation in pregnancy.
    Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2012, Volume: 107 Suppl 2

    Topics: Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Cotinine; England; Female; Humans; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Pilot

2012
[New data on the pathogenesis of embryological abnormalities].
    Gyermekgyogyaszat : az Orvosegeszsegugyi Szakszervezet Gyermekorvos Szakcsoportjanak folyoirata = Pediatriia, 1955, Volume: 6, Issue:8

    Topics: Asphyxia Neonatorum; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; H

1955
[Role of carbon monoxide poisoning during pregnancy in the genesis of neonatal encephalopathies; report of 5 cases].
    Archives francaises de pediatrie, 1956, Volume: 13, Issue:2

    Topics: Brain; Brain Diseases; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, N

1956
[Active and passive exposure to tobacco smoke of pregnant women: two-center study].
    Przeglad lekarski, 2004, Volume: 61, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Poland; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Smoking; Surveys

2004
[Comparative study of pregnant women exposure to tobacco smoke: POLAND-MEXICO].
    Przeglad lekarski, 2004, Volume: 61, Issue:10

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Maternal Exposure; Mexico; Poland; Pregnancy; Pr

2004
Harmful effects of smoking in pregnancy.
    South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 2005, Volume: 95, Issue:5

    Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Female; Fetus; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complicat

2005
Smoking and carbon monoxide levels during pregnancy.
    Addictive behaviors, 1982, Volume: 7, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Carbon Monoxide; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications;

1982
[Smoking or health: the choice is yours (author's transl)].
    Revista medica de Chile, 1980, Volume: 108, Issue:8

    Topics: Bronchitis; Carbon Monoxide; Carcinogens; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Irritants; Lung Diseases;

1980
Carbon monoxide intoxication during pregnancy: a case presentation and pathophysiologic discussion, with emphasis on molecular mechanisms.
    Journal of clinical anesthesia, 1995, Volume: 7, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Carboxyhemoglobin; Female; Fetal Blood; Huma

1995
Gestational protein deficiency enhances fetotoxicity of carbon monoxide.
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1993, Mar-15, Volume: 678

    Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Fetal Death; Mice; Pregnancy; Pregnan

1993
Smoking in pregnancy, exhaled carbon monoxide, and birth weight.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1997, Volume: 89, Issue:5 Pt 1

    Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Birth Weight; Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Humans; Infant, Lo

1997
Bad air and birth defects.
    Environmental health perspectives, 2002, Volume: 110, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Carbon Monoxide; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Studies; Female; Heart

2002
Congenital malformations and other reproductive hazards from environmental chemicals.
    Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 1979, Jul-18, Volume: 205, Issue:1158

    Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Carbon Monoxide; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Fetal Death; Humans;

1979
The biological effects of carbon monoxide on the pregnant woman, fetus, and newborn infant.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1977, Sep-01, Volume: 129, Issue:1

    Topics: Air Pollution; Altitude; Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Carboxyhemoglobin; Emb

1977
A trial of health education aimed to reduce cigarette smoking among pregnant women.
    Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 1992, Volume: 6, Issue:2

    Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Monoxide; England; Female; Health Education; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Compl

1992
Pregnant firefighter performance.
    Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association, 1991, Volume: 33, Issue:4

    Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Female; Fires; Hot Temperature; Humans; Occupational Diseases; Pregnancy; Pregnancy

1991
Placental localisation using radioactive carbon monoxide and the gamma camera.
    Lancet (London, England), 1968, Dec-21, Volume: 2, Issue:7582

    Topics: Adult; Carbon Isotopes; Carbon Monoxide; Cesarean Section; Erythroblastosis, Fetal; Erythrocytes; Fe

1968
Smoking in pregnancy.
    Developmental medicine and child neurology, 1973, Volume: 15, Issue:3

    Topics: Birth Weight; Carbon Monoxide; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intellectual Disability

1973