Page last updated: 2024-10-16

carbamates and Stroke

carbamates has been researched along with Stroke in 10 studies

Stroke: A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Here, we have studied the effects of the selective MAGL inhibitors JZL184 and MJN110 and their underlying molecular mechanisms on 3 different experimental models of focal cerebral ischemia."3.88Neuroprotective Effects of MAGL (Monoacylglycerol Lipase) Inhibitors in Experimental Ischemic Stroke. ( Arai, AL; Choi, SH; Hallenbeck, J; Kang, B; Mou, Y; Silva, AC; Yen, CC, 2018)
"Using nationwide administrative Danish registries, we followed all individuals without prior stroke or myocardial infarction who initiated metformin and an IS from 1997 through 2009."3.81Metformin in combination with various insulin secretagogues in type 2 diabetes and associated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality--a retrospective nationwide study. ( Andersson, C; Fosbøl, EL; Gislason, G; Køber, L; Mogensen, UM; Scheller, NM; Schramm, TK; Torp-Pedersen, C; Vaag, A, 2015)
" Using a conditional transgenic mouse model, selective ablation of adult neural stem and progenitor cells in the subventricular zone induced a dramatic increase in morbidity and mortality of central nervous system disorders characterized by excitotoxicity-induced cell death accompanied by reactive inflammation, such as 4-aminopyridine-induced epilepsy and ischaemic stroke."3.78Subventricular zone neural progenitors protect striatal neurons from glutamatergic excitotoxicity. ( Bacigaluppi, M; Bari, M; Brambilla, E; Butti, E; Cambiaghi, M; Cebrian Silla, A; Centonze, D; Comi, G; D'Adamo, P; De Ceglia, R; De Chiara, V; Garcia-Verdugo, JM; Leocani, L; Maccarrone, M; Martino, G; Musella, A; Muzio, L; Quattrini, A; Rossi, S; Teneud, L, 2012)

Research

Studies (10)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's2 (20.00)29.6817
2010's6 (60.00)24.3611
2020's2 (20.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
van Seyen, M1
Samson, AD1
Cullen, L1
Eastick, K1
Knol, H1
Colbers, A1
Burger, DM1
Gnesin, F1
Thuesen, ACB1
Kähler, LKA1
Madsbad, S1
Hemmingsen, B1
Wang, F1
Han, J1
Higashimori, H1
Wang, J1
Liu, J1
Tong, L1
Yang, Y1
Dong, H1
Zhang, X1
Xiong, L1
Choi, SH1
Arai, AL1
Mou, Y1
Kang, B1
Yen, CC1
Hallenbeck, J1
Silva, AC1
Mogensen, UM1
Andersson, C1
Fosbøl, EL1
Schramm, TK1
Vaag, A1
Scheller, NM1
Torp-Pedersen, C1
Gislason, G1
Køber, L1
Xie, Y1
Li, Z1
Chabwine, JN1
Rossetti, AR1
Hirt, L1
Kuntzer, T1
Schluep, M1
Michel, P1
Démonet, JF1
du Pasquier, RA1
Vingerhoets, FG1
Butti, E1
Bacigaluppi, M1
Rossi, S1
Cambiaghi, M1
Bari, M1
Cebrian Silla, A1
Brambilla, E1
Musella, A1
De Ceglia, R1
Teneud, L1
De Chiara, V1
D'Adamo, P1
Garcia-Verdugo, JM1
Comi, G1
Muzio, L1
Quattrini, A1
Leocani, L1
Maccarrone, M1
Centonze, D1
Martino, G1
Erkinjuntti, T1
Román, G1
Gauthier, S1
Feldman, H1
Rockwood, K1
Linton, SD1
Aja, T1
Allegrini, PR1
Deckwerth, TL1
Diaz, JL1
Hengerer, B1
Herrmann, J1
Jahangiri, KG1
Kallen, J1
Karanewsky, DS1
Meduna, SP1
Nalley, K1
Robinson, ED1
Roggo, S1
Rovelli, G1
Sauter, A1
Sayers, RO1
Schmitz, A1
Smidt, R1
Ternansky, RJ1
Tomaselli, KJ1
Ullman, BR1
Wiessner, C1
Wu, JC1

Clinical Trials (16)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Bioequivalence Study of Crushed Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir Compared to the Whole Tablet[NCT03389061]Phase 40 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-04-01Withdrawn (stopped due to Lack of patients who are eligible for inclusion: less patients on treatment and not using epclusa.)
A Multicentric, Randomized, Open Label Study on Comparison of Pancreatic Beta Cell Recovery and Preservation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated With DPP-4 Inhibitor (Vildagliptin) and Metformin[NCT02853630]Phase 4203 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-12-31Completed
A 52 Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Mechanistic Study With a 24 Week Open-Label Follow-Up to Evaluate the Effect of AVANDIA TM on Bone in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[NCT00679939]Phase 4226 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-04-21Completed
[NCT00396851]100 participants Interventional2007-01-31Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Vildagliptin Compared to Metformin in Drug Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes[NCT00099866]Phase 3570 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-01-31Completed
Extension to a Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Vildagliptin Compared to Metformin in Drug Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes[NCT00138567]Phase 3530 participants Interventional2005-01-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Compare the Durability of Glucose Lowering and Preservation of Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function of Rosiglitazone Monotherapy Compared to Metformin or Glyburide/Glibenclamide in Patients With Drug-Naive, Recently Diagnosed [NCT00279045]Phase 34,426 participants (Actual)Interventional2000-01-03Completed
Effects of Agonists of Glucagon Like Peptide - 1 Receptors (GLP-1R) on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Glycocalyx and Coronary Flow Reserve in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Patients With Diabetes Mellitus[NCT03010683]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-11-30Completed
Metabolic Effects of Treatment in Patients With Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes[NCT00373178]Phase 4100 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-01-31Completed
Double Blind Comparison Study of JARDIANCE® (Empagliflozin) in Prehypertensives Type II Diabetics With Metformin[NCT01001962]Phase 41,054 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-01-31Not yet recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Active-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Saxagliptin in Combination With Metformin IR as Initial Therapy Compared to Saxagliptin Monotherapy and to Metformin IR Monotherapy in Subjects[NCT00327015]Phase 31,306 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-05-31Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Factorial Study of the Co-Administration of MK0431 and Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control[NCT00103857]Phase 31,208 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-03-17Completed
[NCT00035568]Phase 40 participants Interventional2002-02-28Completed
A Multicenter, Register-based, Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing Dapagliflozin With Metformin Treatment in Early Stage Type 2 Diabetes Patients by Assessing Mortality and Macro- and Microvascular Complications[NCT03982381]Phase 42,067 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-09-05Active, not recruiting
Restoring Insulin Secretion Adult Medication Study[NCT01779362]Phase 3267 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-04-30Completed
The Impact of LY2189265 Versus Metformin on Glycemic Control in Early Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (AWARD-3: Assessment of Weekly AdministRation of LY2189265 in Diabetes-3)[NCT01126580]Phase 3807 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-05-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Baseline. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.120
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.040

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Baseline at Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at baseline and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-anterior is the lower and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period7.901
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-5.025

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change from Baseline was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Baseline. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.082
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.048

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Baseline at Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at baseline and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-posterior is the lower and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-12.424
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-10.244

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change from baseline was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Baseline. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.117
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.087

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Baseline at Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at baseline and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Supero-anterior is the upper and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-4.555
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-7.553

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior and Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Baseline at Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at baseline and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Supero-posterior is the upper and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-8.007
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-7.006

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change from baseline was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Baseline. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.95
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.067

Adjusted Change in Albumin-adjusted Serum Calcium (AASC) From Week 52 to Week 76

AASC levels were measured from blood samples. AASC is the amount of free calcium circulating in the blood and calcium is required for good bone health. Change from Week 52 was calculated as the Week 76 value minus the Week 52 value and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

Interventionmillimoles per Liter (mmol/L) (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.01
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.00

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.09
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.01

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-anterior is the lower and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period20.15
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-10.73

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.08
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.07

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-posterior is the lower and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period15.48
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-17.59

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.11
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.13

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Supero-anterior is the upper and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period5.19
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-6.24

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness was measured by QCT. Change was calculated as thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.18
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.05

Adjusted Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD was measured by QCT. Change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therpay, and region. Supero-posterior is the upper and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionmg/cm^3 (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period9.30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-4.92

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Via Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) at Week 52

FN BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Bone mineral density is calculated as the mineral content of a bone divided by the area of the bone. DXA is the principal technique used for measuring BMD. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 was calculated as (BMD at Week 52 minus BMD at Baseline)/BMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Change in FN BMD at Week 52 was only analyzed within the Rosiglitazone arm. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 52

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.24

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Via Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) at Week 76+10 Days

FN BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Bone mineral density is calculated as the mineral content of a bone divided by the area of the bone. DXA is the principal technique used for measuring BMD. Percent change from Baseline at Week 76+10 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 76+10 days minus BMD at Baseline)/BMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 76+10 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.91
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.31

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Via Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) From Week 52 +10 Days to Week 76+10 Days

FN BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Bone mineral density is calculated as the mineral content of a bone divided by the area of the bone. DXA is the principal technique used for measuring BMD. Percent change from Week 52+10 days to Week 76+10 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 76+10 days minus BMD at Week 52+10 days)/BMD at Week 52+10 days x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52+10 days and Week 76+10 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.07
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.02

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days)/thickness at Week 52 + 30 days x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period3.12
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period1.56

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days)/thickness at Week 52 + 30 days x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.48
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.04

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52 + 30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days)/thickness at Week 52 + 30 days x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period14.02
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-13.65

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 76 + 30 days minus thickness at Week 52 + 30 days)/thickness at Week 52 + 30 days x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period32.42
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-7.80

Adjusted Percent Change in Vertebral Trabecular vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

BMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period3.53
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-2.11

Adjusted Change From Baseline in Albumin-adjusted Serum Calcium (AASC) at Week 52 and Week 76

AASC levels were measured from blood samples. AASC is the amount of free calcium circulating in the blood and calcium is required for good bone health. Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 52or Week 76 value minus the baseline value and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionmillimoles per Liter (mmol/L) (Mean)
Week 52, n=73, 83Week 76, n=64, 75
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.030.04
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.010.03

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (Vitamin D) at Week 52 and Week 76

Vitamin D levels were measured in nanomoles per Liter (nmol/L) from blood samples. Vitamin D is required for good bone health. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=61, 65Week 52, GM, n=61, 65Week 52, GM + SE, n=61, 65Week 76, GM - SE, n=55, 58Week 76, GM, n=55, 58Week 76, GM + SE, n=55, 58
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-15.9-12.2-8.4-12.5-8.9-5.2
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-27.9-24.7-21.4-21.3-18.1-14.6

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BSAP) and Procollagen Type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) at Week 52 and Week 76

BSAP and P1NP levels were measured in micrograms per liter (mcg/L) from blood samples. BSAP and P1NP are indicators of bone buildup or formation. GM, geometric mean; SE, standard error. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, BSAP, n=78, 84Week 52, GM, BSAP, n=78, 84Week 52, GM + SE, BSAP, n=78, 84Week 76, GM - SE, BSAP, n=64, 77Week 76, GM, BSAP, n=64, 77Week 76, GM + SE, BSAP, n=64, 77Week 52, GM - SE, P1NP, n=76, 83Week 52, GM, P1NP, n=76, 83Week 52, GM + SE, P1NP, n=76, 83Week 76 GM - SE, P1NP, n=63, 75Week 76, GM, P1NP, n=63, 75Week 76, GM + SE, P1NP, n=63, 75
Metformin-29.7-27.3-24.8-26.7-24.3-21.8-16.5-13.3-9.9-14.5-10.5-6.4
Rosiglitazone-15.2-12.3-9.3-18.7-15.9-12.95.09.013.3-11.2-6.9-2.4

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Carboxyterminal Cross-linked Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX) at Week 52 and Week 76

CTX levels were measured in picograms per milliliter (pg/ml) from blood samples. CTX is an indicator of bone break down or resorption. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=77, 84Week 52, GM, n=77, 84Week 52, GM + SE, n=77, 84Week 76, GM - SE, n=63, 77Week 76, GM, n=63, 77Week 76, GM + SE, n=63, 77
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-7.8-2.33.7-4.52.610.3
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period11.318.125.4-19.5-13.1-6.1

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 52 + 30 days (orWeek 76 + 30 days) minus thickness at Baseline)/thickness at Baseline x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.640.39
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-6.05-3.59

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (orWeek 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-anterior is the lower and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period1.26930.710.850.5437.81-0.63
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-4.35-161.59-1.85-0.2981.291.45

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus thickness at Baseline)/thickness at Baseline x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.27-0.11
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.47-1.46

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-posterior is the lower and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period1.74282.161.140.0113.54-1.17
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-4.11-84.08-3.42-3.1124.46-1.32

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Integral, FN Trabecular, and FN Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (orWeek 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.580.91-0.20-0.612.27-1.60
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-3.72-1.83-1.00-2.13-1.05-0.46

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 52 + 30 days(or Week 76 + 30 days) minus thickness at Baseline)/thickness at Baseline x 100%. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period5.05-4.78
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-13.45-4.23

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 daysor Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days(or Week 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Supero-anterior is the upper and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 plus 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.582.82-0.25-2.453.98-1.49
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-6.563.59-1.91-4.97-0.85-0.93

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Cortical Thickness Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

Cortical thickness (measured in millimeters) was measured by QCT. Percent change was calculated as (thickness at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus thickness at Baseline)/thickness at Baseline x 100% (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, n=31,30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period1.00-1.50
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-20.48-3.52

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days orWeek 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therpay, and region. Supero-posterior is the upper and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.035.57-0.661.0710.24-1.30
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-10.262.77-3.76-4.212.37-1.65

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Intertrochanter Areal BMD Via Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by QCT. BMD by QCT is the 2-dimensional volume that mimics the DXA measurement for the same region. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days orWeek 76 + 30 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 52 + 30 days (orWeek 76 + 30 days) minus BMD at baseline)/BMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days; Femoral neck (FN), n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days; Total hip (TH), n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days; Trochanter (Tro.), n=32, 35Week 52+30 days; Intertrochanter (Inter.),n=32, 35Week 76+30 days; Femoral neck (FN), n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days; TH, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days; Tro., n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days; Inter., n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.090.09-0.230.77-1.52-0.32-1.280.30
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-2.39-3.39-4.53-3.36-1.98-2.11-2.86-1.66

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Lumbar Spine BMD Via DXA at Week 52

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 was calculated as (BMD at Week 52 minus BMD at Baseline)/BMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 52

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Femoral neck, n=52, 54Total hip, n=52, 54Trochanter, n=52, 54Lumbar spine, n=51, 53
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.72-0.38-0.780.12
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.24-0.77-0.21-1.21

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Lumbar Spine BMD Via DXA at Week 52 + 10 Days and Week 76 + 10 Days

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 10 days or Week 76 + 10 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 52 + 10 days (or Week 76 + 10 days ) minus BMD at Baseline)/BMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 10 days, and Week 76 + 10 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 10 days; Femoral neck (FN), n=70, 78Week 52 + 10 days; Total hip (TH), n=70, 78Week 52 + 10 days; Trochanter (Tro.), n=70, 78Week 52 + 10 days; Lumbar spine (LS), n=70, 76Week 76 + 10 days; FN, n=65, 70Week 76 + 10 days; TH, n=65, 70Week 76 + 10 days; Tro., n=65, 70Week 76 + 10 days; LS, n=65, 71
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.22-0.72-1.040.040.31-0.83-1.350.85
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.47-1.62-1.45-1.41-1.91-1.70-2.14-1.24

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Lumbar Spine BMD Via DXA at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus BMD at Baseline)/BMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days; Femoral neck (FN), n=77, 83Week 52 + 30 days; Total hip (TH), n=77, 83Week 52 + 30 days; Trochanter (Tro.), n=77, 83Week 52 + 30 days; Lumbar spine (LS), n=79, 81Week 76 + 30 days; FN, n=66, 74Week 76 + 30 days; TH, n=66, 74Week 76 + 30 days; Tro., n=66, 74Week 76 + 30 days; LS, n=66, 72
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.24-0.72-1.010.110.29-0.68-0.961.13
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.59-1.79-1.83-1.60-2.05-1.79-2.53-1.15

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Intact Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) at Week 52 and Week 76

Intact PTH levels were measured in nanograms per Liter (ng/L) from blood samples. Intact PTH is the amount of PTH circulating in the blood and influences bone health. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=64, 71Week 52, GM, n=64, 71Week 52, GM + SE, n=64, 71Week 76, GM - SE, n=56, 64Week 76, GM, n=56, 64Week 76, GM + SE, n=56, 64
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-25.9-22.0-17.8-26.2-20.8-15.0
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-16.5-12.0-7.2-28.8-23.1-17.0

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Intertrochanter Integral, Intertrochanter Trabecular, and Intertrochanter Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.18-0.220.991.880.270.79
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-3.47-4.26-0.76-0.92-3.090.41

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Total Hip (TH) Integral, TH Trabecular, and TH Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and at Week 76 + 30 Days

Volumetric (v)BMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. vBMD is the 3-dimensional density of a region of bone. Cortical bone is dense bone. Trabecular bone is spongy bone. Integral bone is the sum of cortical and trabecular bone measurements. Cortical thickness is the width of the cortical shell. Percent change from Baseline was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52+30 days (or Week 76+30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days; Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days; Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days; Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days; Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days; Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days; Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.990.210.520.850.700.50
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-3.60-3.63-0.54-1.70-2.660.23

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Trochanter Integral, Trochanter Trabecular, and Trochanter Cortical vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (or Week 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, Integral, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=32, 35Week 52 + 30 days, Cortical, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, Integral, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Trabecular, n=31, 30Week 76 + 30 days, Cortical, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.010.67-0.18-0.930.92-0.64
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-4.80-3.43-1.26-2.88-2.42-0.49

Adjusted Percent Change From Baseline in Vertebral Trabecular vBMD Via QCT at Week 52 + 30 Days and Week 76 + 30 Days

BMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Baseline at Week 52 + 30 days or Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days (orWeek 76 + 30 days) minus vBMD at baseline)/vBMD at Baseline x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52 + 30 days, and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Week 52 + 30 days, n=32, 35Week 76 + 30 days, n=31, 30
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.72-3.91
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-6.71-5.15

Adjusted Percent Change in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (Vitamin D) From Week 52 to Week 76

Vitamin D levels were measured in nanomoles per Liter (nmol/L) from blood samples. Vitamin D is required for good bone health. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-7.7-3.21.5
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-4.70.15.1

Adjusted Percent Change in Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BSAP) and Procollagen Type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) From Week 52 to Week 76

BSAP and P1NP levels were measured in micrograms per liter (mcg/L) from blood samples. BSAP and P1NP are indicators of bone buildup or formation. GM, geometric mean; SE, standard error. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SE, BSAP, n=64, 76GM, BSAP, n=64, 76GM + SE, BSAP, n=64, 76GM - SE, P1NP, n=63, 76GM, P1NP, n=63, 76GM + SE, P1NP, n=63, 76
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period4.38.011.83.27.011.0
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-5.6-2.01.8-15.8-12.4-9.0

Adjusted Percent Change in Carboxyterminal Cross-linked Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX) From Week 52 to Week 76

CTX levels were measured in picograms per milliliter (pg/ml) from blood samples. CTX is an indicator of bone break down or resorption. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.28.414.9
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-31.2-26.7-21.9

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-anterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-anterior is the lower and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
IntegralTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.38260.13-1.64
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period5.05-90.603.68

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Infero-posterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Infero-posterior is the lower and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
IntegralTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.87161.81-2.50
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period1.47-39.812.67

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Integral, FN Trabecular, and FN Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
IntegralTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.372.21-1.30
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.210.271.03

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-anterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. Supero-anterior is the upper and front section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
IntegralTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.816.63-1.28
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.96-2.781.19

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck (FN) Supero-posterior Integral, Trabecular, and Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therpay, and region. Supero-posterior is the upper and back section of the FN. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
IntegralTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.52-11.69-0.94
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period8.2936.052.17

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Intertrochanter Areal BMD Via Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by QCT. BMD by QCT is the 2-dimensional volume that mimics the DXA measurement for the same region. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus BMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/BMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
percent changeTotal hipTrochanterIntertrochanter
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.39-0.18-0.91-0.25
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period0.951.611.812.05

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Lumbar Spine BMD Via DXA From Week 52+10 Days to Week 76 + 10 Days

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Percent change from Week 52 + 10 days toat Week 76 + 10 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 76 + 10 days minus BMD at Week 52 + 10 days)/BMD at Week 52 + 10 days x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 10 days and Week 76 + 10 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Femoral neck, n=56, 62Total hip, n=56, 62Trochanter, n=56, 62Lumbar spine, n=55, 62
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.02-0.13-0.681.03
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.070.40-0.020.26

Adjusted Percent Change in Femoral Neck, Total Hip, Trochanter, and Lumbar Spine BMD Via DXA From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

BMD (measured in grams per centimeters squared [g/cm^2]) was measured by DXA. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (BMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus BMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/BMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
Femoral neck, n=64, 73Total hip, n=64, 73Trochanter, n=64, 73Lumbar spine, n=65, 70
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.25-0.27-0.470.90
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.270.00-0.170.54

Adjusted Percent Change in Intact Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) From Week 52 to Week 76

Intact PTH levels were measured in nanograms per Liter (ng/L) from blood samples. Intact PTH is the amount of PTH circulating in the blood and influences bone health. Percent change was based on log-transformed data and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-1.74.310.7
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-13.2-7.4-1.3

Adjusted Percent Change in Intertrochanter Integral, Intertrochanter Trabecular, and Intertrochanter Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
percent changeTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.461.21-0.27
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.831.161.29

Adjusted Percent Change in Total Hip (TH) Integral, TH Trabecular, and TH Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

Volumetric (v)BMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. vBMD is the 3-dimensional density of a region of bone. Cortical bone is dense bone. Trabecular bone is spongy bone. Integral bone is the sum of cortical and trabecular bone measurements. Cortical thickness is the width of the cortical shell. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/ vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an ANCOVA with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
IntegralTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.201.15-0.06
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.240.900.94

Adjusted Percent Change in Trochanter Integral, Trochanter Trabecular, and Trochanter Cortical vBMD Via QCT From Week 52+30 Days to Week 76 + 30 Days

vBMD (measured in milligrams per centimeters cubed [mg/cm^3]) was measured by QCT. Percent change from Week 52 + 30 days to Week 76 + 30 days was calculated as (vBMD at Week 76 + 30 days minus vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days)/vBMD at Week 52 + 30 days x 100% and was assessed by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with terms for treatment, baseline value, prior therapy, and region. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 + 30 days and Week 76 + 30 days

,
Interventionpercent change (Mean)
percent changeTrabecularCortical
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-0.900.95-0.65
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.221.070.78

Percent Change From Baseline in Free Testosterone at Week 52 and Week 76

Free testosterone levels were measured as a percentage of total testosterone from blood samples. Free testosterone is the amount of testosterone available to the body for use. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=74, 82Week 52, GM, n=74, 82Week 52, GM + SE, n=74, 82Week 76, GM - SE, n=64, 75Week 76, GM, n=64, 75Week 76, GM + SE, n=64, 75
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period2.57256.26610.0934-1.95322.4787.1093
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-9.9964-5.9401.7006-0.32323.6877.8593

Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Estradiol at Week 52 and Week 76

Serum estradiol levels were measured in picomoles per Liter (pmol/L) from blood samples. Estradiol is one form of the female sex hormone estrogen and influences bone health. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=74, 82Week 52, GM, n=74, 82Weel 52, GM + SE, n=74, 82Week 76, GM - SE, n=64, 76Week 76, GM, n=64, 76Week 76, GM + SE, n=64, 76
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-31.4166-17.280-0.22920.437221.38946.7122
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-17.0838-3.45312.4189-16.09710.21519.6987

Percent Change From Baseline in Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) at Week 52 and Week 76

SHBG levels were measured in nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) from blood samples. SHBG binds to estradiol and testosterone and influences the amount of estradiol or testosterone available to the body for use. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=74, 83Week 52, GM, n=74, 83Week 52, GM + SE, n=74, 83Week 76, GM - SE, n=61, 67Week 76, GM, n=61, 67Week 76, GM + SE, n=61, 67
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period4.39298.14612.03494.09839.84615.9116
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period33.260837.56342.0049-0.29733.1376.6896

Percent Change From Baseline in Total Testosterone at Week 52 and Week 76

Total testosterone levels were measured in nanomoles per Liter (nmol/L) from blood samples. Testosterone is a male sex hormone and influences bone health; total testosterone is the entire amount circulating in blood. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 52, and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
Week 52, GM - SE, n=74, 82Week 52, GM, n=74, 82Week 52, GM + SE, n=74, 82Week 76, GM - SE, n=64, 75Week 76, GM, n=64, 75Week 76, GM + SE, n=64, 75
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-5.82061.0448.4082-8.2870-2.9322.7363
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period14.156919.68925.4897-12.5441-8.156-3.5470

Percent Change in Free Estradiol From Week 52 to Week 76

Free estradiol levels were measured in picomoles per Liter (pmol/L) from blood samples. Free estrodial is the amount of estrogen available to the body for use. Change was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period96.1843173.932282.4903
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-29.5250-3.23932.8525

Percent Change in Free Testosterone From Week 52 to Week 76

Free testosterone levels were measured as a percentage of total testosterone from blood samples. Free testosterone is the amount of testosterone available to the body for use. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-6.9549-3.5370.0073
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period3.11098.99315.2100

Percent Change in Percentage of Free Estradiol From Week 52 to Week 76

Free estradiol levels were measured as a percentage of serum estrogen from blood samples. Free estradiol is the amount of estrogen available to the body for use. Percent change was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-5.4666-0.9753.7301
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-7.6337-2.6832.5337

Percent Change in Serum Estradiol From Week 52 to Week 76

Serum estradiol levels were measured in picomoles per Liter (pmol/L) from blood samples. Estradiol is one form of the female sex hormone estrogen and influences bone health. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period29.305850.82375.9217
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-15.20560.51319.1447

Percent Change in Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) From Week 52 to Week 76

SHBG levels were measured in nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) from blood samples. SHBG binds to estradiol and testosterone and influences the amount of estradiol or testosterone available to the body for use. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-3.9036-0.8252.3517
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-27.0129-24.624-22.1566

Percent Change in Total Testosterone From Week 52 to Week 76

Total testosterone levels were measured in nanomoles per Liter (nmol/L) from blood samples. Testosterone is a male sex hormone and influences bone health; total testosterone is the entire amount circulating in blood. Percent change from baseline was based on log-transformed data. (NCT00679939)
Timeframe: Week 52 and Week 76

,
Interventionpercent change (Number)
GM - SEGMGM + SE
Metformin in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-13.9923-7.1020.3411
Rosiglitazone in DB Period; Metformin in OL Period-29.0307-24.373-19.4104

Differences in Augmentation Index at Baseline and 3, 6 and 12 Months After Treatment With Metformin or Agonist GLP-1R.

Differences in augmentation index (AI, %) using oscillometry at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with metformin or agonist GLP-1R. (NCT03010683)
Timeframe: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months.

,
Interventionpercentage of the central pulse pressure (Mean)
Baseline3 months6 months12 months
Liraglutide1815.81313.9
Metformin1413.61515.3

Differences in Endothelial Glycocalyx Thickness at Baseline and 3, 6 and 12 Months After Treatment With Metformin or Agonist GLP-1R.

Differences in endothelial glycocalyx thickness as assessed by perfused boundary region (PBR, micrometers) of the sublingual arterial microvessels at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with metformin or agonist GLP-1R. High PBR values represent reduced glycocalyx thickness. (NCT03010683)
Timeframe: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months.

,
Interventionmicrometers (Mean)
Baseline3 months6 months12 months
Liraglutide2.12.072.52.04
Metformin2.132.152.132.10

Differences in Pulse Wave Velocity at Baseline and 3, 6 and 12 Months After Treatment With Metformin or Agonist GLP-1R.

Differences in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV, m/sec) using tonometry at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with metformin or agonist GLP-1R. (NCT03010683)
Timeframe: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

,
Interventionm/s (Mean)
Baseline3 months6 months12 months
Liraglutide11.811.610.310.5
Metformin11.211.51110.8

Endothelial Glycocalyx and Pulse Wave Velocity.

Association of endothelial glycocalyx thickness as assessed by perfused boundary region (PBR, micrometers) of the sublingual arterial microvessels with pulse wave velocity (PWV, m/sec) at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment with metformin or agonist GLP-1R. (NCT03010683)
Timeframe: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months.

,
InterventionPearson correlation coefficient (r) (Number)
Baseline3 months6 months12 months
Liraglutide0.390.360.320.44
Metformin0.350.320.290.37

Percentage of Participants Achieving A1C < 7% at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy

Percentage of participants achieving A1C < 7%, the American Diabetes Association's defined goal for glycemia, at each dose of saxagliptin plus metformin versus metformin alone at Week 24. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin60.3
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin59.7
Metformin41.1

Percentage of Participants Achieving A1C < 7% at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Saxagliptin Monotherapy

Percentage of participants achieving A1C < 7%, the American Diabetes Association's defined goal for glycemia, at each dose of saxagliptin plus metformin versus saxagliptin alone at Week 24. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin60.3
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin59.7
Saxagliptin 10 mg32.2

Percentage of Participants Achieving A1C ≤6.5% at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy

Percentage of participants achieving A1C ≤6.5%, at each dose of saxagliptin plus metformin versus metformin alone at Week 24. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin45.3
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin40.6
Metformin29.0

Percentage of Participants Achieving A1C ≤6.5% at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Saxagliptin Monotherapy

Percentage of participants achieving A1C ≤6.5%, at each dose of saxagliptin plus metformin versus saxagliptin alone at Week 24. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercentage of Participants (Number)
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin45.3
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin40.6
Saxagliptin 10 mg20.3

Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue or Discontinuation at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy

Percentage of participants requiring rescue for failing to achieve pre-specified glycemic targets or discontinuing for lack of efficacy within the 24-week treatment period at each dose of saxagliptin plus metformin versus metformin alone. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin7.5
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin5.9
Metformin10.1

Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue or Discontinuation at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Saxagliptin Monotherapy

Percentage of participants requiring rescue for failing to achieve pre-specified glycemic targets or discontinuing for lack of efficacy within the 24-week treatment period at each dose of saxagliptin plus metformin versus saxagliptin alone. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin7.5
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin5.9
Saxagliptin 10 mg21.2

Change From Baseline in A1C at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy

Mean change from baseline in A1C at Week 24, adjusted for baseline value. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24

,,
Interventionpercent (Mean)
Baseline MeanWeek 24 MeanAdjusted Mean Change from Baseline
Metformin9.437.48-1.99
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin9.537.02-2.49
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin9.416.93-2.53

Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy

Mean change from baseline in FPG at Week 24, adjusted for baseline value. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24

,,
Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Baseline MeanWeek 24 MeanAdjusted Mean Change from Baseline
Metformin199.1152.7-47.3
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin204.3140.1-62.2
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin198.9140.2-59.8

Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Saxagliptin Monotherapy

Mean change from baseline in FPG at Week 24, adjusted for baseline value. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24

,,
Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Baseline MeanWeek 24 MeanAdjusted Mean Change from Baseline
Saxagliptin 10 mg200.9169.9-30.9
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin204.3140.1-62.2
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin198.9140.2-59.8

Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin A1c (A1C) at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Saxagliptin Monotherapy

Mean change from baseline in A1C at Week 24, adjusted for baseline value. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24

,,
Interventionpercent (Mean)
Baseline MeanWeek 24 MeanAdjusted Mean Change from Baseline
Saxagliptin 10 mg9.617.86-1.69
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin9.537.02-2.49
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin9.416.93-2.53

Changes From Baseline in Postprandial Glucose (PPG) Area Under the Curve (AUC) Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy

Mean change from baseline for 0 to 180 minutes PPG AUC at Week 24, adjsuted for baseline value. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24

,,
Interventionmg*min/dL (Mean)
Baseline MeanWeek 24 MeanAdjusted Mean Change from Baseline
Metformin5793742428-15005
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin5721935790-21336
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin5553135324-21080

Changes From Baseline in Postprandial Glucose (PPG) Area Under the Curve (AUC) Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at Week 24, Saxagliptin Plus Metformin Versus Saxagliptin Monotherapy

Mean change from baseline for 0 to 180 minutes PPG AUC at Week 24, adjusted for baseline value. (NCT00327015)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24

,,
Interventionmg*min/dL (Mean)
Baseline MeanWeek 24 MeanAdjusted Mean Change from Baseline
Saxagliptin 10 mg5758441229-16054
Saxagliptin 10 mg + Metformin5721935790-21336
Saxagliptin 5 mg + Metformin5553135324-21080

Change From Baseline in 2-Hour PMG (Post-Meal Glucose) at Week 104

Change from baseline at Week 104 is defined as Week 104 minus Week 0. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 104

Interventionmg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-74.1
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-72.7
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-86.7
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-96.2
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-110.0
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-93.3

Change From Baseline in 2-Hour PMG (Post-Meal Glucose) at Week 24

Change from baseline at Week 24 is defined as Week 24 minus Week 0. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 24

Interventionmg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-51.9
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-53.4
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-78.0
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-92.5
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-116.6
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.0.3

Change From Baseline in 2-Hour PMG (Post-Meal Glucose) at Week 54

Change from baseline at Week 54 is defined as Week 54 minus Week 0. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 54

Interventionmg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-45.9
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-58.6
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-76.3
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-89.6
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-107.9
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-80.9

Change From Baseline in FPG (Fasting Plasma Glucose) at Week 104

Change from baseline at Week 104 is defined as Week 104 minus Week 0. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 104

Interventionmg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-26.8
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-41.4
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-43.2
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-47.5
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-57.3
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-45.2

Change From Baseline in FPG (Fasting Plasma Glucose) at Week 24

Change from baseline at Week 24 is defined as Week 24 minus Week 0. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 24

Interventionmg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-17.5
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-27.3
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-29.3
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-47.1
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-63.9
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.5.8

Change From Baseline in FPG (Fasting Plasma Glucose) at Week 54

Change from baseline at Week 54 is defined as Week 54 minus Week 0. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 54

Interventionmg/dL (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-16.0
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-29.0
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-39.6
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-42.5
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-55.6
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-43.9

Change From Baseline in HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1C) at Week 104

HbA1c is measured as a percent. This change from baseline reflects the Week 104 HbA1c percent minus the Week 0 HbA1c percent. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 104

InterventionPercent (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-1.15
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-1.06
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.34
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-1.39
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.66
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.39

Change From Baseline in HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1C) at Week 24

HbA1c is measured as a percent. This change from baseline reflects the Week 24 HbA1c percent minus the Week 0 HbA1c percent. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 24

InterventionPercent (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-0.66
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-0.82
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.13
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-1.40
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.90
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.0.17

Change From Baseline in HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1C) at Week 54

HbA1c is measured as a percent. This change from baseline reflects the Week 54 HbA1c percent minus the Week 0 HbA1c percent. (NCT00103857)
Timeframe: Week 54

InterventionPercent (Least Squares Mean)
Sitagliptin 100 mg q.d.-0.82
Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-1.01
Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.34
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d. + Metformin 500 mg b.i.d.-1.41
Sitagliptin 50 mg b.i.d + Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.80
Placebo/Metformin 1000 mg b.i.d.-1.10

ACPRg

First phase response from the hyperglycemic clamp (NCT01779362)
Timeframe: 3-months after a medication washout

Interventionnmol/L (Geometric Mean)
Metformin Alone1.68
Glargine Followed by Metformin1.68
Placebo1.68
Liraglutide + Metformin1.68

Insulin Sensitivity, M/I

Clamp measure of insulin sensitivity (NCT01779362)
Timeframe: 3-months after a medication washout

Interventionx 10-5 mmol/kg/min per pmol/L (Geometric Mean)
Metformin Alone3.53
Glargine Followed by Metformin3.38
Placebo3.63
Liraglutide + Metformin3.49

ß-cell Function Measured by Hyperglycemic Clamp Techniques at M12

Participants had 12-months of active therapy. Secondary results at the end of active intervention. (NCT01779362)
Timeframe: Secondary analysis was on all participants with a Month 12 visit.

,,,
Interventionnmol/L (Geometric Mean)
ACRPgSteady State C-peptideACRPmax
Glargine Followed by Metformin1.8811.614.1
Liraglutide + Metformin2.6821.210.1
Metformin Alone1.9311.713.4
Placebo1.6910.813.6

ß-cell Response Measured by Hyperglycemic Clamp

Clamp measures of ß-cell response, co-primary outcomes (NCT01779362)
Timeframe: 3-months after medication washout (Month 15)

,,,
Interventionnmol/L (Geometric Mean)
Steady State C-peptideACPRmax
Glargine Followed by Metformin3.584.32
Liraglutide + Metformin3.734.58
Metformin Alone3.654.61
Placebo3.604.45

Change From Baseline to 26-week Endpoint in Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)

Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with country, treatment, and prior medication group (previous oral antihyperglycemic medication [OAM] versus no previous OAM) as fixed effects and baseline HbA1c as a covariate. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks

Interventionpercentage of glycosylated hemoglobin (Least Squares Mean)
1.5 mg LY2189265-0.78
0.75 mg LY2189265-0.71
Metformin-0.56

Change From Baseline to 52-week Endpoint in Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)

Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with country, treatment, and prior medication group (previous oral antihyperglycemic medication [OAM] versus no previous OAM) as fixed effects and baseline HbA1c as a covariate. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 52 weeks

Interventionpercentage of glycosylated hemoglobin (Least Squares Mean)
1.5 mg LY2189265-0.70
0.75 mg LY2189265-0.55
Metformin-0.51

Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Score, Change Version

The Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire change (DTSQc) score is used to assess relative change in participant satisfaction from baseline. The questionnaire consists of 8 items, 6 of which (1 and 4 through 8) assess treatment satisfaction. Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert scale. The scores from the 6 treatment satisfaction items are summed to a Total Treatment Satisfaction Score, which ranges from -18 (much less satisfied) to +18 (much more satisfied). Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted by treatment, country, prior medication group, gender, and baseline score. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: 52 weeks

Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
1.5 mg LY218926512.92
0.75 mg LY218926512.73
Metformin12.58

Measurement of LY2189265 Drug Concentration for Pharmacokinetics: Area Under the Concentration Curve (AUC)

Evaluable pharmacokinetic concentrations from the 4-week, 13-week, 26-week, and 52-week timepoints were combined and utilized in a population approach to determine the population mean estimate and standard deviation at steady-state. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: 4 weeks, 13 weeks, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

Interventionnanogram hours per milliliter (ng*hr/mL) (Mean)
1.5 mg LY218926512036
0.75 mg LY21892655919

Number of Participants With Adjudicated Pancreatitis at 52 Weeks Plus 30-day Follow up

The number of participants with pancreatitis confirmed by adjudication is summarized cumulatively at 52 weeks plus 30-day follow up. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline through 52 weeks plus 30-day follow up

Interventionparticipants (Number)
1.5 mg LY21892650
0.75 mg LY21892650
Metformin0

Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Anti-LY2189265 Antibodies

A participant was considered to have treatment emergent LY2189265 anti-drug antibodies (ADA) if the participant had at least one titer that was treatment-emergent relative to baseline, defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in titer from baseline measurement. The total number of treatment emergent ADA was not analyzed at 26 weeks. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline through 52 weeks

Interventionparticipants (Number)
1.5 mg or 0.75 mg LY218926510

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Blood Pressure

Sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) and sitting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with treatment, country, prior medication group, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects, baseline interval as a covariate, and participant as a random effect. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionmilliliters of mercury (mmHg) (Least Squares Mean)
SBP, 26 weeks (n=244, 251, 239)SBP, 52 weeks (n=221, 219, 215)DBP, 26 weeks (n=244, 251, 239)DBP, 52 weeks (n=221, 219, 215)
0.75 mg LY2189265-2.61-2.74-1.02-1.37
1.5 mg LY2189265-1.89-0.110.050.31
Metformin-0.91-0.98-0.64-0.38

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Body Mass Index (BMI)

Body mass index is an estimate of body fat based on body weight divided by height squared. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with country, treatment, and prior medication group as fixed effects and baseline BMI as a covariate. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionkilograms per meter squared (kg/m^2) (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks52 weeks
0.75 mg LY2189265-0.51-0.42
1.5 mg LY2189265-0.86-0.73
Metformin-0.82-0.83

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Body Weight

Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with country, treatment, and prior medication group as fixed effects and baseline body weight as a covariate. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionkilograms (kg) (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=267, 269, 267)52 weeks (n=267, 269, 267)
0.75 mg LY2189265-1.36-1.09
1.5 mg LY2189265-2.29-1.93
Metformin-2.22-2.20

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Daily Mean Blood Glucose Values From the 8-point Self-monitored Blood Glucose (SMBG) Profiles

The SMBG data were collected at the following 8 time points: pre-morning meal; 2 hours post-morning meal; pre-midday meal; 2 hours post-midday meal; pre-evening; 2 hours post-evening meal; bedtime; and 3AM or 5 hours after bedtime. Least Squares (LS) means of the mean of the 8 time points (daily mean) were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with country, treatment, and prior medication group as fixed effects and baseline daily mean as a covariate. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionmillimoles per liter (mmol/L) (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=195, 200, 211)52 weeks (n=197, 200, 212)
0.75 mg LY2189265-1.75-1.71
1.5 mg LY2189265-1.98-1.99
Metformin-1.68-1.58

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Electrocardiogram Parameters, Fridericia Corrected QT (QTcF) Interval and PR Interval

The QT interval is a measure of the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave and was calculated from electrocardiogram (ECG) data using Fridericia's formula: QTc = QT/RR^0.33. Corrected QT (QTc) is the QT interval corrected for heart rate and RR, which is the interval between two R waves. PR is the interval between the P wave and the QRS complex. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with treatment, country, prior medication group, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects, baseline interval as a covariate, and participant as a random effect. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionmilliseconds (msec) (Least Squares Mean)
QTcF interval, 26 weeks (n=230, 237, 221)QTcF interval, 52 weeks (n=212, 212, 205)PR interval, 26 weeks (n=226, 235, 218)PR interval, 52 weeks (n=209, 210, 201)
0.75 mg LY21892651.380.73-0.011.53
1.5 mg LY21892652.603.76-0.041.15
Metformin-0.91-0.53-2.04-2.88

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Electrocardiogram Parameters, Heart Rate

Electrocardiogram (ECG) heart rate was measured. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with treatment, country, prior medication group, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects and baseline interval as a covariate. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionbeats per minute (bpm) (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=230, 237, 221)52 weeks (n=212, 212, 205)
0.75 mg LY21892652.572.36
1.5 mg LY21892651.602.02
Metformin0.821.27

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Fasting Blood Glucose

Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with treatment, country, prior medication group, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects, baseline fasting blood glucose as a covariate, and participant as a random effect. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionmillimoles per liter (mmol/L) (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=244, 247, 245)52 weeks (n=207, 210, 194)
0.75 mg LY2189265-1.46-1.00
1.5 mg LY2189265-1.61-1.56
Metformin-1.34-1.15

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Homeostasis Model Assessment of Beta-cell Function

The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) quantifies insulin resistance and beta-cell function. HOMA2-B is a computer model that uses fasting plasma insulin and glucose concentrations to estimate steady-state beta cell function (%B) as a percentage of a normal reference population (normal young adults). HOMA2-S is a computer model that uses fasting plasma insulin and glucose concentrations to estimate insulin sensitivity (%S) as percentages of a normal reference population (normal young adults). The normal reference populations were set at 100%. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with treatment, country, prior medication group, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects, baseline HOMA2 as a covariate, and participant as a random effect. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpercentage of HOMA2 (Least Squares Mean)
HOMA2-%B, 26 weeks (n=207, 207, 215)HOMA2-%B, 52 weeks (n=179, 185, 170)HOMA2-%S, 26 weeks (n=207, 207, 215)HOMA2-%S, 52 weeks (n=179, 185, 170)
0.75 mg LY218926528.9622.52.711.84
1.5 mg LY218926536.5529.970.955.29
Metformin14.119.779.9910.83

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Pancreatic Enzymes

Amylase (total and pancreas-derived [PD]) and lipase concentrations were measured. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionunits per liter (U/L) (Median)
Amylase (total), 26 weeksAmylase (total), 52 weeksAmylase (PD), 26 weeksAmylase (PD), 52 weeksLipase, 26 weeksLipase, 52 weeks
0.75 mg LY21892656.005.004.003.005.005.00
1.5 mg LY21892657.005.505.004.007.005.00
Metformin4.004.001.002.001.001.00

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Pulse Rate

Sitting pulse rate was measured. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with treatment, country, prior medication group, visit, and treatment-by-visit interaction as fixed effects, baseline interval as a covariate, and participant as a random effect. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionbeats per minute (bpm) (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=244, 251, 239)52 weeks (n=221, 219, 215)
0.75 mg LY21892652.141.63
1.5 mg LY21892652.391.84
Metformin1.591.12

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Serum Calcitonin

(NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpicograms per milliliter (pcg/mL) (Median)
26 weeks52 weeks
0.75 mg LY21892650.000.00
1.5 mg LY21892650.000.00
Metformin0.000.00

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in the Diabetes Symptoms Checklist Participant-reported Outcome (DSC-r) Score

"The Diabetes Symptoms Checklist-revised (DSC-r) was designed to assess the presence and perceived burden of diabetes-related symptoms. Respondents were to consider troublesomeness of 34 symptoms on a 5-point scale ranging from 5=extremely to 1=not at all. For symptoms/side-effects not experienced, the item was scored as 0. Symptoms were grouped into the following subscales: psychology-fatigue, psychology-cognitive, neurology-pain, neurology-sensory, cardiology, ophthalmology, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia. Subscale scores were calculated as the sum of the given subscale divided by the total number of items in the scale. Total score was computed from the sum of the 8 subscales and ranged from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate greater symptom burden. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted by treatment, country, prior medication group, gender, and baseline score." (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=245, 253, 248)52 weeks (n=247, 255, 249)
0.75 mg LY2189265-0.160.42
1.5 mg LY21892650.240.49
Metformin0.410.59

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Score, Status Version

The Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire status version (DTSQs) is used to assess participant treatment satisfaction at each study visit. The questionnaire consists of 8 items, 6 of which (1 and 4 through 8) assess treatment satisfaction. Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert scale. Scores from the 6 treatment satisfaction items are summed to a Total Treatment Satisfaction Score, which ranges from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 36 (very satisfied). Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted by treatment, country, prior medication group, gender, and baseline score. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=244, 249, 241)52 weeks (n=245, 251, 244)
0.75 mg LY21892651.811.29
1.5 mg LY21892651.931.82
Metformin2.041.94

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in the Impact of Weight on Activities of Daily Living (IW-ADL) Score

"The Impact of Weight on Activities of Daily Living (renamed the Ability to Perform Physical Activities of Daily Living [APPADL]) questionnaire contains 7 items that assess how difficult it is for participants to engage in certain activities considered to be integral to normal daily life, such as walking, standing and climbing stairs. Items are scored on a 5-point numeric rating scale where 5 = not at all difficult and 1 = unable to do. The individual scores from all 7 items are summed and a single total score is calculated and may range between 7 and 35. A higher score indicates better ability to perform activities of daily living. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted by treatment, country, prior medication group, gender, and baseline score." (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=247, 251, 247)52 weeks (n=247, 252, 248)
0.75 mg LY21892650.19-0.05
1.5 mg LY21892650.090.39
Metformin0.020.28

Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in the Impact of Weight on Self-Perception (IW-SP) Score

The Impact of Weight on Self-Perception (IW-SP) questionnaire contains 3 items that assess how often the participants' body weight affects how happy they are with their appearance and how often they feel self-conscious when out in public. Items are scored on a 5-point numeric rating scale where 5 = never and 1 = always. A single total score is calculated by summing the scores for all 3 items. Total score ranges between 3 and 15, where a higher score is indicative of better self-perception. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline were calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted by treatment, country, prior medication group, gender, and baseline score. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
26 weeks (n=248, 254, 249)52 weeks (n=249, 255, 250)
0.75 mg LY21892650.630.61
1.5 mg LY21892650.720.45
Metformin0.790.75

Number of Participants With Adjudicated Cardiovascular Events at 52 Weeks Plus 30-day Follow up

Information on cardiovascular (CV) risk factors was collected at baseline. Data on any new CV event was prospectively collected using a CV event electronic case report form. Deaths and nonfatal cardiovascular adverse events (AEs) were adjudicated by an external committee of physicians with cardiology expertise. Nonfatal cardiovascular AEs to be adjudicated included myocardial infarction, hospitalization for unstable angina, hospitalization for heart failure, coronary interventions, and cerebrovascular events, including cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and transient ischemic attack. The number of participants with CV events confirmed by adjudication is summarized cumulatively at 52 weeks plus 30-day follow up. Serious and all other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality are summarized in the Reported Adverse Events module. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline through 52 weeks plus 30-day follow up

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Any CV EventAny Fatal CV EventAny Nonfatal CV Event
0.75 mg LY2189265202
1.5 mg LY2189265101
Metformin101

Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events at 26 and 52 Weeks

A treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was defined as an event that first occurs or worsens (increases in severity) after baseline regardless of causality or severity. The number of participants with one or more TEAE is summarized cumulatively at 26 and 52 weeks. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: 26 weeks and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
26 weeks52 weeks
0.75 mg LY2189265150177
1.5 mg LY2189265163179
Metformin151170

Number of Self-reported Hypoglycemic Events at 26 and 52 Weeks

Hypoglycemic events were classified as severe (defined as episodes requiring the assistance of another person to actively administer resuscitative actions), documented symptomatic (defined as any time a participant feels that he/she is experiencing symptoms and/or signs associated with hypoglycemia, and has a plasma glucose level of less than or equal to 70 milligrams per deciliter [mg/dL]), or asymptomatic (defined as events not accompanied by typical symptoms of hypoglycemia but with a measured plasma glucose of less than or equal to 70 mg/dL). A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline through 26 weeks and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionevents (Number)
Severe, 26 weeks (n=241, 248, 236)Severe, 52 weeks (n=214, 217, 199)Documented Symptomatic, 26 weeks (n=241, 248, 236)Documented Symptomatic, 52 weeks (n=214, 217, 199)Asymptomatic, 26 weeks (n=241, 248, 236)Asymptomatic, 52 weeks (n=214, 217, 199)
0.75 mg LY2189265006899
1.5 mg LY21892650027195
Metformin0022139

Percent Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Total Cholesterol

Percent changes in total cholesterol were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the rank-transformed data with only treatment included in the model. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpercentage change in total cholesterol (Median)
26 weeks (n=244, 244, 243)52 weeks (n=247, 248, 245)
0.75 mg LY2189265-1.77-0.78
1.5 mg LY2189265-3.86-1.69
Metformin-3.51-3.88

Percentage Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)

Percentage changes in HDL-C were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the rank-transformed data with only treatment included in the model. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpercentage change in HDL-C (Median)
26 weeks (n=246, 244, 244)52 weeks (n=248, 248, 246)
0.75 mg LY21892654.202.31
1.5 mg LY21892652.394.95
Metformin5.784.32

Percentage Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)

Percentage changes in LDL-C were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the rank-transformed data with only treatment included in the model. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpercentage change in LDL-C (Median)
26 weeks (n=233, 231, 221)52 weeks (n=236, 240, 231)
0.75 mg LY2189265-2.70-2.34
1.5 mg LY2189265-6.86-2.06
Metformin-8.97-7.23

Percentage Change From Baseline to 26 and 52 Weeks in Triglycerides

Percentage changes in triglycerides were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the rank-transformed data with only treatment included in the model. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpercentage change in triglycerides (Median)
26 weeks (n=252, 252, 253)52 weeks (n=255, 256, 254)
0.75 mg LY2189265-1.96-0.86
1.5 mg LY2189265-2.35-4.27
Metformin2.561.91

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) of Less Than 7% and Less Than or Equal to 6.5% at 26 and 52 Weeks

The percentage of participants achieving HbA1c level less than 7.0% and less than or equal to 6.5% was analyzed with a logistic regression model with baseline, prior medication group, and treatment as factors included in the model. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: 26 weeks and 52 weeks

,,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HbA1c less than 7%, 26 weeksHbA1c less than or equal to 6.5%, 26 weeksHbA1c less than 7%, 52 weeksHbA1c less than or equal to 6.5%, 52 weeks
0.75 mg LY218926562.640.053.234.7
1.5 mg LY218926561.546.060.042.3
Metformin53.629.848.328.3

Rate of Self-reported Hypoglycemic Events at 52 Weeks

Hypoglycemic events were classified as severe (defined as episodes requiring the assistance of another person to actively administer resuscitative actions), documented symptomatic (defined as any time a participant feels that he/she is experiencing symptoms and/or signs associated with hypoglycemia, and has a plasma glucose level of less than or equal to 70 milligrams per deciliter [mg/dL]), or asymptomatic (defined as events not accompanied by typical symptoms of hypoglycemia but with a measured plasma glucose of less than or equal to 70 mg/dL). The 1-year adjusted rate of hypoglycemic events is summarized cumulatively at 52 weeks. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module. (NCT01126580)
Timeframe: Baseline through 52 weeks

,,
Interventionevents per participant per year (Mean)
SevereDocumented SymptomaticAsymptomatic
0.75 mg LY21892650.000.150.30
1.5 mg LY21892650.000.620.24
Metformin0.000.090.18

Reviews

1 review available for carbamates and Stroke

ArticleYear
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020
Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 6

    Topics: Adult; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Pe

2020

Other Studies

9 other studies available for carbamates and Stroke

ArticleYear
Crushed application of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in a patient with swallowing disorder.
    International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020, Volume: 55, Issue:6

    Topics: Antiviral Agents; Carbamates; Deglutition Disorders; Drug Combinations; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Hetero

2020
Long-term depression induced by endogenous cannabinoids produces neuroprotection via astroglial CB
    Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2019, Volume: 39, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cannabinoids; Carbamates; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Mice; Neuroprotection;

2019
Neuroprotective Effects of MAGL (Monoacylglycerol Lipase) Inhibitors in Experimental Ischemic Stroke.
    Stroke, 2018, Volume: 49, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Benzodioxoles; Brain Ischemia; Carbamates; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male;

2018
Metformin in combination with various insulin secretagogues in type 2 diabetes and associated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality--a retrospective nationwide study.
    Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2015, Volume: 107, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Denmark; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Therapy, Combina

2015
Determination of 18 Types of Amino Acids in the Serum of Ischemic Stroke Patients by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-diode Array Detector Derivatized with 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl Carbamate.
    Cell biochemistry and biophysics, 2015, Volume: 73, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acids; Aminoquinolines; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Carbamates; Case-Control Studies; Chromato

2015
[Neurology].
    Revue medicale suisse, 2012, Jan-11, Volume: 8, Issue:323

    Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Anticonvulsants; Atrial Fibrillation; Carbamates; Chronic Disease; Deep Brai

2012
Subventricular zone neural progenitors protect striatal neurons from glutamatergic excitotoxicity.
    Brain : a journal of neurology, 2012, Volume: 135, Issue:Pt 11

    Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amidohydrolases; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Benzamides; Carbamates; Corpus Striatu

2012
Emerging therapies for vascular dementia and vascular cognitive impairment.
    Stroke, 2004, Volume: 35, Issue:4

    Topics: Carbamates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition

2004
Oxamyl dipeptide caspase inhibitors developed for the treatment of stroke.
    Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2004, May-17, Volume: 14, Issue:10

    Topics: Apoptosis; Carbamates; Caspase Inhibitors; Cell Line; Dipeptides; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 5

2004