cannabidiol and Sleep-Initiation-and-Maintenance-Disorders

Topics: Cannabidiol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dronabinol; Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; United States

Combination tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)/cannabidiol (CBD) medicines or CBD-only medicines are prospective treatments for chronic pain, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. THC and CBD increase signaling from cannabinoid receptors, which reduces synaptic transmission in parts of the central and peripheral nervous systems and reduces the secretion of inflammatory factors from immune and glial cells. The overall effect of adding CBD to THC medicines is to enhance the analgesic effect but counteract some of the adverse effects. There is substantial evidence for the effectiveness of THC/CBD combination medicines for chronic pain, especially neuropathic and nociplastic pain or pain with an inflammatory component. For CBD-only medication, there is substantial evidence for stress, moderate evidence for anxiety and insomnia, and minimal evidence for depression and pain. THC/CBD combination medicines have a good tolerability and safety profile relative to opioid analgesics and have negligible dependence and abuse potential; however, should be avoided in patients predisposed to depression, psychosis and suicide as these conditions appear to be exacerbated. Non-serious adverse events are usually dose-proportional, subject to tachyphylaxis and are rarely dose limiting when patients are commenced on a low dose with gradual up-titration. THC and CBD inhibit several Phase I and II metabolism enzymes, which increases the exposure to a wide range of drugs and appropriate care needs to be taken. Low-dose CBD that appears effective for chronic pain and mental health has good tolerability and safety, with few adverse effects and is appropriate as an initial treatment.

Topics: Cannabidiol; Chronic Pain; Dronabinol; Humans; Mental Health; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Topics: Affect; Anxiety; Brain; Cannabidiol; Cognition; Depression; Dronabinol; Humans; Medical Marijuana; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Recent work aimed at the introduction of natural and synthetic cannabinoids as drugs is reviewed. Delta1-Tetrahydrocannabinol (delta1-THC) is mainly investigated as a potential drug against glaucoma and asthma, and as an antiemetic agent in cancer chemotherapy. Cannabidiol is being tried in the clinic against epilepsy and as a hypnotic. Numerous synthetic cannabinoids are currently being investigated as analgetics and as sedative-relaxants.

Topics: Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antiemetics; Asthma; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Dronabinol; Epilepsy; Glaucoma; History, Ancient; History, Medieval; History, Modern 1601-; Humans; Hypertension; Medicine, Arabic; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Phytotherapy; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Structure-Activity Relationship

Insomnia is a highly prevalent and costly condition that is associated with increased health risks and healthcare utilisation. Anecdotally, cannabis use is frequently reported by consumers to promote sleep. However, there is limited research on the effects of cannabis on sleep and daytime function in people with insomnia disorder using objective measures. This proof-of-concept study will evaluate the effects of a single dose of an oral cannabis-based medicine on sleep and daytime function in participants with chronic insomnia disorder.. A randomised, crossover, placebo-controlled, single-dose study design will be used to test the safety and efficacy of an oral oil solution ('ETC120') containing 10 mg Δ. Ethics approval was received from Bellberry Human Research Ethics Committee (2018-04-284). The findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed open-access journal and at academic conferences.. ANZCTRN12619000714189.

Topics: Adult; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Double-Blind Method; Dronabinol; Humans; Middle Aged; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Our study sought to further characterize patterns of medical cannabis use in elderly cancer patients. Furthermore, we sought to assess efficacy of medical cannabis for the treatment of pain, nausea, anorexia, insomnia and anxiety in elderly cancer patients.. Medical cannabis use is growing for symptom management in cancer patients, but limited data exists on the safety or efficacy of use in elderly patients.. A retrospective chart review assessing changes in numerical symptom scores reported at clinic visits before and after medical cannabis initiation.. There was no statistically significant difference in pain, nausea, appetite, insomnia or anxiety scores reported before and after initiation of medical cannabis. Oil was the most common form used, followed by vape, and the most common ratios used were high tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to cannabidiol (CBD) and equal parts THC/CBD products.. This study did not find a statistically significant change in symptom scores with medical cannabis use, although further study is warranted given the limitations of the present study. Elderly patients most commonly are using equal parts THC/CBD or high THC ratio products initially.

Topics: Aged; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Dronabinol; Humans; Medical Marijuana; Nausea; Neoplasms; Pain; Retrospective Studies; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Insomnia is a prevalent condition that presents itself at both the symptom and diagnostic levels. Although insomnia is one of the main reasons individuals seek medicinal cannabis, little is known about the profile of cannabinoid use or the perceived benefit of the use of cannabinoids in daily life.. We conducted a retrospective study of medicinal cannabis users to investigate the use profile and perceived efficacy of cannabinoids for the management of insomnia.. Data were collected using the Strainprint app, which allows medicinal cannabis users to log conditions and symptoms, track cannabis use, and monitor symptom severity pre- and postcannabis use. Our analyses examined 991 medicinal cannabis users with insomnia across 24,189 tracked cannabis use sessions. Sessions were analyzed, and both descriptive statistics and linear mixed-effects modeling were completed to examine use patterns and perceived efficacy.. Overall, cannabinoids were perceived to be efficacious across all genders and ages, and no significant differences were found among product forms, ingestion methods, or gender groups. Although all strain categories were perceived as efficacious, predominant indica strains were found to reduce insomnia symptomology more than cannabidiol (CBD) strains (estimated mean difference 0.59, SE 0.11; 95% CI 0.36-0.81; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (estimated mean difference 0.74, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.43-1.06; adjusted P<.001). Indica hybrid strains also presented a greater reduction in insomnia symptomology than CBD strains (mean difference 0.52, SE 0.12; 95% CI 0.29-0.74; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (mean difference 0.67, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.34-1.00; adjusted P=.002).. Medicinal cannabis users perceive a significant improvement in insomnia with cannabinoid use, and this study suggests a possible advantage with the use of predominant indica strains compared with predominant sativa strains and exclusively CBD in this population. This study emphasizes the need for randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety profile of cannabinoids for the treatment of insomnia.

Topics: Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Anxiety disorders in young people are frequently comorbid with other mental disorders and respond unsatisfactorily to first-line treatment in many cases. Here, we report the case of a 20-year-old man with severe social anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, insomnia and attenuated psychotic symptoms despite ongoing treatment with cognitive behavioural therapy and mirtazapine who was treated with adjunctive cannabidiol (CBD) in doses between 200 and 800 mg/day for 6 months. During treatment with CBD, he experienced subjective benefits to his anxiety, depression and positive symptoms during treatment that were confirmed by clinicians and by standardised research instruments. Findings from this case study add to existing evidence in support of the safety of CBD and suggest that it may be useful for young people with treatment refractory anxiety and for attenuated psychotic symptoms.

Topics: Adult; Cannabidiol; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Depressive Disorder, Major; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Male; Mirtazapine; Phobia, Social; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychotic Disorders; Psychotropic Drugs; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Treatment Outcome

Patients with psychiatric conditions are increasingly using cannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol (CBD), to treat their own symptoms. After reviewing the mechanism of action of CBD, the current article examines the existing evidence for CBD in the treatment of schizophrenia, anxiety, autism, posttraumatic stress disorder, and insomnia, and discusses the challenges in translating these studies, often using very high doses of CBD, into clinical practice. Until additional, well-designed studies that examine the more common practice of lower doses of CBD are performed, a harm-reduction, patient-centered, empiric approach is encouraged to optimize symptom reduction while at the same time avoiding the known risks of cannabis. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57(10), 7-11.].

Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Humans; Mental Health; Schizophrenia; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of many cannabinoid compounds found in cannabis. It does not appear to alter consciousness or trigger a "high." A recent surge in scientific publications has found preclinical and clinical evidence documenting value for CBD in some neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Evidence points toward a calming effect for CBD in the central nervous system. Interest in CBD as a treatment of a wide range of disorders has exploded, yet few clinical studies of CBD exist in the psychiatric literature.. To determine whether CBD helps improve sleep and/or anxiety in a clinical population.. A large retrospective case series at a psychiatric clinic involving clinical application of CBD for anxiety and sleep complaints as an adjunct to usual treatment. The retrospective chart review included monthly documentation of anxiety and sleep quality in 103 adult patients.. Sleep and anxiety scores, using validated instruments, at baseline and after CBD treatment.. The final sample consisted of 72 adults presenting with primary concerns of anxiety (n = 47) or poor sleep (n = 25). Anxiety scores decreased within the first month in 57 patients (79.2%) and remained decreased during the study duration. Sleep scores improved within the first month in 48 patients (66.7%) but fluctuated over time. In this chart review, CBD was well tolerated in all but 3 patients.. Cannabidiol may hold benefit for anxiety-related disorders. Controlled clinical studies are needed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Cannabidiol; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Young Adult

Consumer demand for cannabidiol (CBD) oil has increased, with growing sales from dispensaries because of the alleged medicinal benefits. Although studies examining the specific therapeutic effects of CBD are increasing, clinical data do not support the popular uses of CBD for Parkinson disease, schizophrenia, cancer palliation and treatment, chronic pain and spasticity, depression, anxiety disorder, insomnia, and inflammation.

Topics: Anxiety; Cannabidiol; Depression; Humans; Information Services; Pain Management; Parkinson Disease; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

No Abstract Available.

Topics: Anxiety; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Humans; Medical Marijuana; Pain; Plant Oils; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anorexia; Canada; Cannabidiol; Dronabinol; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Mobile Applications; Pain; Palliative Care; Patient Portals; Patient Satisfaction; Retrospective Studies; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Anxiety and sleep disorders are often the result of posttraumatic stress disorder and can contribute to an impaired ability to focus and to demonstration of oppositional behaviors.. These symptoms were present in our patient, a ten-year-old girl who was sexually abused and had minimal parental supervision as a young child under the age of five. Pharmaceutical medications provided partial relief, but results were not long-lasting, and there were major side effects. A trial of cannabidiol oil resulted in a maintained decrease in anxiety and a steady improvement in the quality and quantity of the patient's sleep.. Cannabidiol oil, an increasingly popular treatment of anxiety and sleep issues, has been documented as being an effective alternative to pharmaceutical medications. This case study provides clinical data that support the use of cannabidiol oil as a safe treatment for reducing anxiety and improving sleep in a young girl with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Topics: Anxiety; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Child; Child Abuse, Sexual; Female; Humans; Phytotherapy; Plant Oils; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic