cannabidiol and Pancreatitis

In addition to the growing interest of different cannabinoids for therapeutic purposes, the safety profile of these substances has changed, with the recent identification of new events such as acute pancreatitis.. The aim of this study was to characterize cannabinoid-related acute pancreatitis, based on the recent literature and the analysis of pharmacovigilance data available worldwide.. Nine national and international pharmacovigilance databases were requested for individual case safety reports of acute pancreatitis related to cannabinoid exposure. A systematic review was performed searching in PubMed. Twenty-two individual case safety reports were identified in the pharmacovigilance databases and 51 in the literature, corresponding to a predominantly young male population (74% of men, median age 28 interquartile range [21-39]) using recreational Cannabis sativa with high intensity. A therapeutic purpose was identified in 13 cases (including tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and dronabinol). The outcome was often favorable after dechallenge (except three deaths), and frequent recurrences were observed in the case of rechallenge or sustained consumption. Eleven cross-sectional studies and one ecological study showed an increasing trend of cannabis use in in-patients with acute pancreatitis, with a significantly lower in-hospital mortality.. This review underlines that acute pancreatitis is a potential adverse effect of cannabinoid use. It remains often unrecognized and can occur during recreational or therapeutic use. The development of the therapeutic use of cannabinoids in frail patients deserves a better investigation of the benefit-risk ratio of these different products.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dronabinol; Humans; Male; Pancreatitis

Destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is induced by invasion of immune cells causing pancreatic inflammation. Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid, derived from the plant, Cannabis sativa, was shown to lower the incidence of diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, an animal model of spontaneous T1D development.. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of experimental CBD treatment on early pancreatic inflammation in T1D by intravital microscopy (IVM) in NOD mice.. Seven-week-old female NOD mice were prophylactically administered daily 5 mg/kg CBD or control vehicle i.p. five times weekly for ten weeks. Animals underwent IVM following confirmation of T1D diagnosis by blood glucose testing. Leukocyte activation and functional capillary density (FCD) were quantified via IVM.. CBD-treated NOD mice developed T1D later and showed significantly reduced leukocyte activation and increased FCD in the pancreatic microcirculation.. Experimental CBD treatment reduced markers of inflammation in the microcirculation of the pancreas studied by intravital microscopy.

Topics: Animals; Cannabidiol; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Intravital Microscopy; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Pancreatitis

The anti-inflammatory effects of O-1602 and cannabidiol (CBD), the ligands of G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), on experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) were investigated.. Acute pancreatitis was induced in C57BL mice by intraperitoneal injection of 50 μg/kg cerulein hourly, with a total of 6 times. Drugs (O-1602, 10 mg/kg, or CBD, 0.5 mg/kg) were given by intraperitoneal injection 2 times at 30 minutes before the first injection and immediately before the fifth cerulein injection. At 3 hours after the last injection, the blood, the lungs, and the pancreas were harvested for the pancreatic enzyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines measurement; and the expressions of GPR55 mRNA and protein in the pancreas were detected.. Cannabidiol or O-1602 treatment significantly improved the pathological changes of mice with AP and decreased the enzyme activities, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α; levels, and the myeloperoxidase activities in plasma and in the organ tissues. G protein-coupled receptor 55 mRNA and protein expressed in the pancreatic tissue, and the expressions were decreased in the mice with AP, and either CBD or O-1602 attenuated these changes to a certain extent.. Cannabidiol and O-1602 showed anti-inflammatory effects in mice with AP and improved the expression of GPR55 in the pancreatic tissue as well.

Topics: Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blotting, Western; Cannabidiol; Ceruletide; Disease Models, Animal; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation Mediators; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Interleukin-6; Lipase; Lung; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Peroxidase; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha