cannabidiol and Mood-Disorders

Two primary compounds of the cannabis plant (. A keyword search of eight online literature databases identified eight randomized controlled trials of defined CBD or THC doses for the target populations.. A 1-month trial of daily THC (up to 3 mg per day) for. With only eight very small studies, insufficient evidence was found for efficacy of CBD and THC to manage affective disorders, anxiety disorders, or PTSD. Therefore, medical cannabis should not be recommended for treating patients with these disorders. Further research should investigate the safety and efficacy of managing psychiatric disorders with cannabinoids.

Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety Disorders; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Humans; Mood Disorders; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Cannabidiol (CBD) is the most abundant non-psychoactive component of cannabis; it displays a very low affinity for cannabinoid receptors, facilitates endocannabinoid signaling by inhibiting the hydrolysis of anandamide, and stimulates both transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and 2 and serotonin type 1A receptors. Since CBD interacts with a wide variety of molecular targets in the brain, its therapeutic potential has been investigated in a number of neuropsychiatric diseases, including anxiety and mood disorders. Specifically, CBD has received growing attention due to its anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. As a consequence, and given its safety profile, CBD is considered a promising new agent in the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. However, the exact molecular mechanism of action of CBD still remains unknown. In the present preclinical review, we provide a summary of animal-based studies that support the use of CBD as an anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like compound. Next, we describe neuropharmacological evidence that links the molecular pharmacology of CBD to its behavioral effects. Finally, by taking into consideration the effects of CBD on DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, we elaborate on the putative role of epigenetic mechanisms in mediating CBD's therapeutic outcomes.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Cannabidiol; Epigenesis, Genetic; Humans; Mood Disorders; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; TRPV Cation Channels

To review the current evidence for efficacy of cannabidiol in the treatment of mood disorders.. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsychInfo, Scielo, ClinicalTrials.gov , and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies published up to July 31, 2019. The inclusion criteria were clinical trials, observational studies, or case reports evaluating the effect of pure cannabidiol or cannabidiol mixed with other cannabinoids on mood symptoms related to either mood disorders or other health conditions. The review was reported in accordance with guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol.. Of the 924 records initially yielded by the search, 16 were included in the final sample. Among them, six were clinical studies that used cannabidiol to treat other health conditions but assessed mood symptoms as an additional outcome. Similarly, four tested cannabidiol blended with Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the treatment of general health conditions and assessed affective symptoms as secondary outcomes. Two were case reports testing cannabidiol. Four studies were observational studies that evaluated the cannabidiol use and its clinical correlates. However, there were no clinical trials investigating the efficacy of cannabidiol, specifically in mood disorders or assessing affective symptoms as the primary outcome. Although some articles point in the direction of benefits of cannabidiol to treat depressive symptoms, the methodology varied in several aspects and the level of evidence is not enough to support its indication as a treatment for mood disorders.. There is a lack of evidence to recommend cannabidiol as a treatment for mood disorders. However, considering the preclinical and clinical evidence related to other diseases, cannabidiol might have a role as a treatment for mood disorders. Therefore, there is an urgent need for well-designed clinical trials investigating the efficacy of cannabidiol in mood disorders.

Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Humans; Mood Disorders

The endocannabinoid (eCB) system encompasses the eCBs anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, their anabolic/catabolic enzymes, and the cannabinoid CB. El sistema endocannabinoide (SeCB) incluía los eCB anandamida y 2-araquidonoilglicerol, sus enzimas anabólicas / catabólicas y los receptores cannabinoides CB1 y CB2. Su expansión para incluir algunos mediadores lipídicos similares al SeCB, sus enzimas metabólicas y sus dianas moleculares (Fig. 1), forma el endocannabinoidoma (eCBoma). Este complejo sistema de señalización está profundamente involucrado en la aparición, la progresión y los síntomas de los principales trastornos neuropsiquiátricos y proporciona un sustrato para futuros fármacos terapéuticos contra estas enfermedades. Tales drogas pueden incluir no solo THC, el principal componente psicotrópico de la cannabis, sino también otros cannabinoides vegetales no euforizantes. Estos compuestos, a diferencia del THC, poseen una amplia ventana terapéutica, posiblemente debido a su capacidad de actuar sobre varios receptores eCBoma y no eCBoma. Esto es particularmente cierto para el cannabidiol, que es uno de los cannabinoides más estudiados y que aparece prometedor para el tratamiento de una amplia gama de trastornos mentales y del estado de ánimo. El eCBoma también tiene un papel en el eje microbiota-intestino-cerebro, que se perfila como un actor importante en el control de las funciones afectivas y cognitivas y en sus alteraciones patológicas.. Le système endocannabinoïde (eCB) comprend les récepteurs cannabinoïdes CB1 et CB2 et les endocannabinoϊdes endogènes l’anandamide et le 2-arachidonoylglycérol ainsi que leurs enzymes anaboliques/cataboliques. L'endocannabinoϊdome (eCBome) est formé de ce système eCB et de plusieurs médiateurs lipidiques de type eCB, leurs enzymes métaboliques et leurs cibles moléculaires (Fig. 1). Ce système de signalisation complexe est profondément impliqué dans l'apparition, la progression et les symptômes des principaux troubles neuropsychiatriques et offre une base pour le développement de futurs traitements contre ces maladies. Ces médicaments peuvent contenir du THC, le principal composant psychotrope du cannabis, et aussi d'autres cannabinoïdes végétaux non euphorisants dont la fenêtre thérapeutique est large, contrairement au THC, peut-être en raison de leur capacité à atteindre plusieurs récepteurs eCBome et non eCBome. C’est particulièrement vrai pour le cannabidiol, l'un des cannabinoïdes les plus étudiés qui s'avère prometteur pour traiter un large spectre de troubles mentaux et de l'humeur. L'eCBome joue également un rôle dans l'axe microbiote-intestin-cerveau, acteur important dans le contrôle des fonctions affectives et cognitives et des pathologies qui y sont liées.

Topics: Animals; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Endocannabinoids; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Mental Disorders; Mood Disorders; Signal Transduction

The endocannabinoid (EC) system is widely distributed throughout the brain and modulates many functions. It is involved in mood and related disorders, and its activity may be modified by exogenous cannabinoids. This article examines the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in psychiatric disorders.. An overview is presented of the literature focussed on the functions of the EC system, its dysfunction in mood disorders and the therapeutic potential of exogenous cannabinoids.. We propose (hypothesize) that the EC system, which is homoeostatic in cortical excitation and inhibition, is dysfunctional in mood and related disorders. Anandamide, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) variously combine antidepressant, antipsychotic, anxiolytic, analgesic, anticonvulsant actions, suggesting a therapeutic potential in mood and related disorders. Currently, cannabinoids find a role in pain control. Post mortem and other studies report EC system abnormalities in depression, schizophrenia and suicide. Abnormalities in the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CNR1) gene that codes for cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors are reported in psychiatric disorders. However, efficacy trials of cannabinoids in psychiatric disorders are limited but offer some encouragement.. Research is needed to elucidate the role of the EC system in psychiatric disorders and for clinical trials with THC, CBD and synthetic cannabinoids to assess their therapeutic potential.

Topics: Anxiety; Bipolar Disorder; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cannabinoids; Cerebral Cortex; Depression; Dronabinol; Electroencephalography; Endocannabinoids; Humans; Mood Disorders; Pain; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Schizophrenia; Suicide

Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Cannabidiol; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Mood Disorders

Topics: Apathy; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Humans; Mood Disorders; Parkinson Disease; Sleep Wake Disorders