calcitriol and Sarcopenia

Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Incidence; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Osteoporosis; Racial Groups; Sarcopenia; Survival Analysis; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

Sarcopenia increases with age, and an underlying mechanism needs to be determined to help with designing more effective treatments. This study aimed to determine whether 1,25(OH)

Topics: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase; Aging; Animals; Cellular Senescence; GATA4 Transcription Factor; Mice; NF-kappa B; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; Sarcopenia; Transcription Factor RelA; Vitamin D Deficiency

To explore the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) levels at baseline and incidence of sarcopenia over time in older Australian community-dwelling older men.. Of the 1,705 men aged ≥70 years (2005-2007) participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project, those without sarcopenia at baseline (n = 1,312 for 25D and n = 1,231 for 1,25D), 2 years (n = 1,024 for 25D and n = 956 for 1,25D), and 5-year follow-up (n = 709 for 25D and n = 663 for 1,25D) were included in the study. The main outcome measurement was the incidence of sarcopenia defined as appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index <0.789 and grip strength <26.0 kg. Serum 25D and 1,25D levels were measured at baseline by radioimmunoassay (Diasorin, Stillwater, MN) and categorized into quartiles as predictor variables. Covariates included age, income, season of blood collection, physical activity, vitamin D supplement and medication use, measures of health, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albumin, and white blood cell count.. In this study, incidence of sarcopenia was 3.9% in men at the 2-year follow-up and 8.6% at the 5-year follow-up. In adjusted analysis, men with vitamin D levels in the lowest quartiles (25D <40nmol/L; 1,25D <62 pmol/L) showed significant associations with increased odds of incident sarcopenia compared to those with vitamin D levels in the highest quartiles over 5 years. [25D: odds ratio (OR) 2.53 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14, 5.64) p = .02; 1,25D: OR 2.67 (95% CI 1.28, 5.60) p = .01]. After further adjustments for the respective other serum vitamin D measure, (either 25D or 1,25D), the association remained significant [25D: OR 2.40 (95% CI 1.02, 5.64) p = .04; 1,25D: OR 2.23 (95% CI 1.04, 4.80) p = .04].. Low serum 1,25D and 25D concentrations at baseline are independently associated with the incidence of sarcopenia over the subsequent 5 years. Although our data do not prove any causal relationship, it is conceivable that maintaining vitamin D sufficiency may reduce the incidence of sarcopenia in ageing men.

Topics: Aged; Aging; Australia; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Supplements; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Male; Motor Activity; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Parathyroid Hormone; Prognosis; Radioimmunoassay; Retrospective Studies; Sarcopenia; Time Factors; Vitamin D

To determine the interrelationships between body composition, glycemic control and vitamin D status in an ambulatory population with diabetes (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).. Adult (18-80 years) patients (n=60) with DM and stage 1-4 CKD were recruited from the Northern Alberta Renal Program. Outcome variables included body composition (absolute/regional fat (FM)/lean soft tissue/total mass, percent fat/lean/fat-free (FFM) mass), glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)), vitamin D intake (dietary/supplemental) and vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D)) measured by validated methodologies. Sarcopenia was determined as an appendicular skeletal mass/height(2) less than 7.26 kg/m(2) (males) and 5.45 kg/m(2) (females).. Suboptimal HbA1c (>7%), 25(OH)D (<50 nmol/l) and 1,25(OH)2D (<43 pmol/l) concentrations were present in 57, 8 and 11% of participants. Ten percent of subjects had sarcopenia. Gender/age/DM type, not CKD, significantly influenced regional/whole body composition. Females, older participants and those with type 2 DM had higher %FM. No significant interrelationships between vitamin D status and glycemic control were observed (P>0.05). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with arm lean soft tissue/FFM/total mass, weight, appendicular skeletal mass, lean soft tissue/height(2), FFM/height(2), appendicular skeletal mass/height(2) and body mass index (P<0.05). Sarcopenia occurred more frequently in patients with 25(OH)D concentrations ⩾100 nmol/l. Regional/whole body %FM was inversely related to 1,25(OH)2D, not 25(OH)D.. Body composition, not glycemic control, is associated with vitamin D status in an ambulatory population of adults with DM and CKD.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alberta; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dietary Supplements; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Sarcopenia; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency