calcimycin and Intestinal-Neoplasms

Nutritive immunomodulation of patients after major surgery.. Prospective, randomized controlled double-blind study.. Forty patients undergoing major intestinal surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: one received a total parenteral nutrition enriched with omega-3 fatty acids for 5 days postoperatively, the other an isocaloric, control nutrition.. We analyzed the leukocyte ability to release leukotrienes from whole blood leukocytes stimulated with the calcium ionophore A23187 (5 micromol/L) by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography and circulating cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.. Leukocytes from patients of the omega-3 fatty acids group generated significantly higher amounts of less biologically active leukotriene B5 as compared to the control group (p < or = 0.001). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the generation of proinflammatory leukotriene B4 (p < or = 0.006) in the study group. In contrast to interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 systemic levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p < or = 0.05) were postoperatively decreased in the study group.. Our data provide evidence that a total parenteral nutrition enriched with omega-3 fatty acids modulates the lipid mediator pattern and systemic tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Calcimycin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Double-Blind Method; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Humans; Interleukins; Intestinal Neoplasms; Ionophores; Length of Stay; Leukocytes; Leukotrienes; Male; Middle Aged; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Surgical Procedures, Operative

The expression of mucin genes was evaluated in rat intestinal cell lines in order to establish an in vitro model for investigating the regulation of intestinal mucin expression in this species. Two rat intestinal cancer cell lines (DHE, LGA) and three nontumoral rat intestinal cell lines (IEC6, IEC17, IEC18) were screened. The mRNA expression of rMuc1, rMuc2, rMuc3, rMuc4, and rMuc5AC mucin genes was studied by semiquantitative RT-PCR, real-time RT-PCR and Northern-blot analysis. Results were correlated with immunohistochemical expression of rat gastric and intestinal mucin proteins, and secretion of glycoconjugates was examined by enzyme-linked lectin assay. We showed that mRNA of rMucl and rMuc2 were constitutively expressed in all IEC cell populations but periodic acid Schiff staining of these cells did not reveal the presence of glycoproteins. DHE cells expressed rMuc1-5AC mRNA and LGA expressed the same mucins but the level of rMuc4 was much lower. Mucin mRNA expression also differed in relation with the length of cultivation. Immunocytochemical studies revealed the presence of gastric and intestinal mucins in the two tumoral cell lines. Functional experiments showed that bethanechol, A23187 and PMA stimulated release of glycoconjugates in DHE but not in LGA cells. Treatment of DHE cells with dexamethasone (10(-7) mol/l) enhanced rMuc2 mRNA but decreased rMuc1 and rMuc5AC mRNA. Real-time RT-PCR showed that the expression of rMuc1 and rMuc5AC genes was reduced by more than tenfold after 24 h. The increased expression of rMuc2 gene was confirmed by Northern blot analysis. In conclusion, DHE cells provide a valuable cellular model for research on rat mucin secretion and expression.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bethanechol; Blotting, Northern; Calcimycin; Carcinogens; Cell Line, Tumor; Dexamethasone; Gastric Mucins; Gastric Mucosa; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Neoplasms; Ionophores; Muscarinic Agonists; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Species Specificity; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

Recent data suggest that normal tissue mast cells can express functional receptors for IgG under certain conditions. However, little is known about IgG receptor expression and functional consequences in mast cell neoplasms.. In this study, neoplastic mast cells were obtained from a dog with cutaneous mastocytoma (CM-MC) and from a dog with visceral mastocytoma (VI-MC). Both cell populations were characterized morphologically and functionally.. Most cells proliferated constantly in suspension without particular supplements. Doubling times of CM-MC and VI-MC were 52.2 and 27.5 h, respectively. Both cell types were sensitive to formalin fixation, did not contain heparin and were tryptase and chymase positive. Electron microscopy showed fine granules with electron-dense content in both cell populations. The total histamine content of CM-MC and VI-MC was 0.25 and 0.10 pg/cell, respectively. Calcium ionophore A23187 and substance P induced dose-dependent histamine release, whereas compound 48/80 had no effect. Most significantly, both cell types, when sensitized with monomeric dog IgG, released histamine upon stimulation by anti-dog IgG.. Dog mastocytoma-derived cells may be useful to study the regulation of neoplastic mast cell growth and differentiation, as well as IgG receptor-mediated activation in neoplastic mast cells. Further research is required to clarify the pathophysiological significance of constitutive expression of IgG receptors in neoplastic (canine) mast cells.

Topics: Animals; Calcimycin; Cell Line; Chymases; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Histamine Release; Immunoglobulin G; Intestinal Neoplasms; Ionophores; Male; Mast Cells; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Microscopy, Electron; Serine Endopeptidases; Skin Neoplasms; Substance P; Tryptases; Tumor Cells, Cultured