calamine-(pharmaceutical-preparation) and Dermatitis--Contact

Linear dermatitis (or dermatitis linearis, DL) is a skin blistering inflammatory lesion caused by exposure to the pederin toxin from rove beetles. Although it is prevalent in many countries of the Middle East region, this is not a notifiable disease. In recent years, a number of clinical symptoms outbreaks of DL has been reported from a few neighboring countries of Iran, but no report of experimental treatment among small laboratory rodents is known. This is a prerequisite to ascertain the nature of the best treatment strategy in cases of infestation with these beetles, as it occurs among local settlers during hot seasons in certain parts of the southern Iranian province of Fars. Live Paederus beetles were collected, identified to species level, sexed apart and partly processed to obtain their hemolymph toxin pederin in ethanol for dermal application on guinea pigs. Two Paederus species were found. Paederus ilsae (Bernhauer) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) was more abundant than P. iliensis (Coiffait). Recovery from DL due to live P. ilsae beetles was quicker and less complex than that of pederin in ethanol on guinea pigs. The application of potassium permanganate with calamine to heal DL was also more effective than fluocinolone treatment. This topical corticosteroid is thus considered less able to avert the cytotoxic action of pederin on the skin of guinea pigs than the antipruritic and cleansing agents. It seems likely that fluocinolone has certain effects which delays the recovery period for the treated skin.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Coleoptera; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fluocinolone Acetonide; Guinea Pigs; Insect Bites and Stings; Iran; Male; Potassium Permanganate; Pyrans; Treatment Outcome; Zinc Oxide

Eruptions caused by poison ivy (see Cover) and related plants are almost always a form of allergic contact dermatitis. Usually they can be readily recognized because of their characteristic streak- or line-like appearance. They usually clear within one to three weeks unless there is continued exposure to the allergen. Local treatment suffices in mild to moderate cases, but in more severe cases systemic corticosteroids can be added.

Topics: Acute Disease; Bandages; Baths; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatitis, Toxicodendron; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Combinations; Ferric Compounds; Humans; Ointments; Prednisone; Time Factors; Zinc Oxide