caffeine and Substance Withdrawal Syndrome studies

Substance Withdrawal Syndrome: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The effect of phased caffeine withdrawal and abstention on tinnitus severity was assessed using a pseudo-randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 30 days duration."	9.14	Caffeine abstinence: an ineffective and potentially distressing tinnitus therapy. ( Claire, LS; McKenna, L; Rogers, PJ; Stothart, G, 2010)
"Interruption of daily caffeine consumption can cause caffeine withdrawal headache."	9.08	Perioperative administration of caffeine tablets for prevention of postoperative headaches. ( Drewe, J; Hampl, KF; Rüttimann, U; Schneider, MC; Ummenhofer, W, 1995)
"Maternal use of "social drugs" such as caffeine, ethanol and tobacco in pregnancy is on increase- -worldwide."	8.85	Peripartum implications of caffeine intake in pregnancy: is there cause for concern? ( Kuczkowski, KM, 2009)
"Daily caffeine intake/kg body weight and caffeine use disorder are significantly associated with a caffeine-withdrawal headache."	8.31	Prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with caffeine-withdrawal headache during the first day of Ramadan. ( Al-Azayem, SA; El Desouky, ED; Fathy, W; Hammad, EM; Hussein, M; Magdy, R; Mahfouz, NA; Naguib, EM; Salem, MR, 2023)
"To investigate the consequences of caffeine consumption on epileptic seizures, we used the pilocarpine and the kainate models of epilepsy."	7.73	Consequences of prolonged caffeine administration and its withdrawal on pilocarpine- and kainate-induced seizures in rats. ( Hoexter, MQ; Mello, LE; Rosa, PS; Tufik, S, 2005)
"The purpose of the study was to examine whether caffeine dependence and a family history of alcoholism are associated with continued use of caffeine during pregnancy."	7.73	Caffeine dependence in combination with a family history of alcoholism as a predictor of continued use of caffeine during pregnancy. ( Berger, N; Griffiths, RR; Haug, NA; Svikis, DS, 2005)
"In connection with the Vågå study of headache epidemiology, a search was made for caffeine-withdrawal headache in 1741 parishioners."	7.72	Caffeine-withdrawal headache. The Vågå study of headache epidemiology. ( Bakketeig, LS; Sjaastad, O, 2004)
"It is believed that adenosine is released in ischemic tissues and contributes to reactive hyperemia."	7.70	Intravascular source of adenosine during forearm ischemia in humans: implications for reactive hyperemia. ( Angel, M; Biaggioni, I; Cavalcante, J; Christman, B; Costa, F; Haile, V; Sulur, P, 1999)
"The extent to which daily caffeine use is associated with a substance dependence syndrome similar to that associated with other psychoactive drugs is unknown."	7.69	Caffeine dependence syndrome. Evidence from case histories and experimental evaluations. ( Griffiths, RR; Mumford, GK; Silverman, K; Strain, EC, 1994)
"Caffeine consumption may cause headache, particularly migraine."	7.69	Influence of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on headache and cerebral blood flow velocities. ( Couturier, EG; Laman, DM; van Duijn, H; van Duijn, MA, 1997)
"The interruption of daily consumption of caffeine-containing beverages can cause headache and other symptoms within 8 hours."	7.68	Perioperative ingestion of caffeine and postoperative headache. ( Danielson, DR; Ereth, MH; Weber, JG, 1993)
"This study examined the hypothesis that headache after general anesthesia is related to a caffeine withdrawal state."	7.68	Is caffeine withdrawal the mechanism of postoperative headache? ( Fennelly, M; Galletly, DC; Purdie, GI, 1991)
"Lithium tremor worsened in two patients when caffeine (coffee) was eliminated from their diets."	7.67	Lithium tremor and caffeine intake: two cases of drinking less and shaking more. ( Jefferson, JW, 1988)
"Plasma adenosine concentrations doubled when rats were subjected to 90 min of profound hemorrhagic shock."	7.67	Endogenous adenosine and hemorrhagic shock: effects of caffeine administration or caffeine withdrawal. ( Conlay, LA; Evoniuk, G; Wurtman, RJ, 1988)
"A review of the recent literature shows the role of caffeine in the physiology, mood, and behavior of persons to be a complex one including changes in arousal, anxiety, and performance."	7.66	Caffeine and human behavior: arousal, anxiety, and performance effects. ( Julia, HL; Sawyer, DA; Turin, AC, 1982)
"The effects of caffeine on specific mental illnesses and the medications used to treat them will be discussed."	6.39	Caffeine and its effect on persons with mental disorders. ( Simmons, DH, 1996)
"Caffeine was administrated during all prenatal and postnatal life (CAF, 0."	5.51	Lifelong exposure to caffeine increases anxiety-like behavior in adult mice exposed to tobacco smoke during adolescence. ( Abreu-Villaça, Y; da Silva Gonçalves, B; Filgueiras, CC; Leal-Rocha, PH; Manhães, AC; Ribeiro-Carvalho, A, 2019)
"We assessed the seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following the chronic co-administration of, and withdrawal from, caffeine and ethanol in male rats."	5.48	Seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following chronic co-administration and acute withdrawal of caffeine and ethanol in a rat model. ( Alele, PE; Matovu, D, 2018)
"Caffeine was injected at doses of 80 mg/kg daily for five days."	5.29	24h withdrawal following repeated administration of caffeine attenuates brain serotonin but not tryptophan in rat brain: implications for caffeine-induced depression. ( Haleem, DJ; Haleem, MA; Yasmeen, A; Zafar, A, 1995)
"While caffeine benefits motor performance and tolerance develops to its tendency to increase anxiety/jitteriness, tolerance to its effects on sleepiness means that frequent consumption fails to enhance mental alertness and mental performance."	5.17	Faster but not smarter: effects of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on alertness and performance. ( Heatherley, SV; Mullings, EL; Rogers, PJ; Smith, JE, 2013)
"The effect of phased caffeine withdrawal and abstention on tinnitus severity was assessed using a pseudo-randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 30 days duration."	5.14	Caffeine abstinence: an ineffective and potentially distressing tinnitus therapy. ( Claire, LS; McKenna, L; Rogers, PJ; Stothart, G, 2010)
"Interruption of daily caffeine consumption can cause caffeine withdrawal headache."	5.08	Perioperative administration of caffeine tablets for prevention of postoperative headaches. ( Drewe, J; Hampl, KF; Rüttimann, U; Schneider, MC; Ummenhofer, W, 1995)
"To determine whether prophylactic intravenous administration of caffeine, to daily caffeine users, decreases the frequency of postoperative headache and shortens recovery time."	5.08	Prophylactic intravenous administration of caffeine and recovery after ambulatory surgical procedures. ( Arnold, JJ; Danielson, DR; Ereth, MH; Klindworth, JT; Weber, JG, 1997)
"This report evaluates the scientific literature on caffeine with respect to potential central nervous system (CNS) effects, specifically effects on sleep, anxiety, and aggression/risk-taking."	4.93	Neurobehavioral hazard identification and characterization for caffeine. ( Mariano, GF; Rodricks, JV; Turnbull, D, 2016)
"We considered only English-language articles published in scientific journals and searched for these articles on PubMed using "headache," "fasting," "Yom Kippur," "Ramadan," "hypoglycemia,"and "caffeine withdrawal" as key words, with no limitations to the year of publication."	4.85	Fasting headache: a review of the literature and new hypotheses. ( Bini, A; Castellini, P; Evangelista, A; Lambru, G; Manzoni, GC; Torelli, P, 2009)
"Maternal use of "social drugs" such as caffeine, ethanol and tobacco in pregnancy is on increase- -worldwide."	4.85	Peripartum implications of caffeine intake in pregnancy: is there cause for concern? ( Kuczkowski, KM, 2009)
"Chronic, heavy caffeine ingestion may cause or exacerbate anxiety and may be associated with depression and increased use of antianxiety drugs."	4.77	Psychotropic effects of caffeine. ( Clementz, GL; Dailey, JW, 1988)
"Daily caffeine intake/kg body weight and caffeine use disorder are significantly associated with a caffeine-withdrawal headache."	4.31	Prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with caffeine-withdrawal headache during the first day of Ramadan. ( Al-Azayem, SA; El Desouky, ED; Fathy, W; Hammad, EM; Hussein, M; Magdy, R; Mahfouz, NA; Naguib, EM; Salem, MR, 2023)
"Participants in the Told Caffeine condition reported a significantly greater reduction in the factors of cravings, fatigue, lack of alertness and flu-like feelings of the CWSQ, than those in the Told Decaf condition."	3.83	Placebo caffeine reduces withdrawal in abstinent coffee drinkers. ( Boakes, RA; Colagiuri, B; Mills, L, 2016)
"Habitual caffeine consumers who abstain from caffeine experience withdrawal symptoms such as headache, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, mood disturbances, and flu-like symptoms (Juliano and Griffiths, 2004)."	3.78	Development of the caffeine withdrawal symptom questionnaire: caffeine withdrawal symptoms cluster into 7 factors. ( Harrell, PT; Huntley, ED; Juliano, LM; Westerman, AT, 2012)
" Dipyridamole, a blocker of adenosine reuptake, induced a significant reduction of morphine dependence."	3.75	Functional interaction between purinergic system and opioid withdrawal: in vitro evidence. ( Capasso, A; Gallo, C, 2009)
"To investigate the consequences of caffeine consumption on epileptic seizures, we used the pilocarpine and the kainate models of epilepsy."	3.73	Consequences of prolonged caffeine administration and its withdrawal on pilocarpine- and kainate-induced seizures in rats. ( Hoexter, MQ; Mello, LE; Rosa, PS; Tufik, S, 2005)
"The purpose of the study was to examine whether caffeine dependence and a family history of alcoholism are associated with continued use of caffeine during pregnancy."	3.73	Caffeine dependence in combination with a family history of alcoholism as a predictor of continued use of caffeine during pregnancy. ( Berger, N; Griffiths, RR; Haug, NA; Svikis, DS, 2005)
"In connection with the Vågå study of headache epidemiology, a search was made for caffeine-withdrawal headache in 1741 parishioners."	3.72	Caffeine-withdrawal headache. The Vågå study of headache epidemiology. ( Bakketeig, LS; Sjaastad, O, 2004)
"It is believed that adenosine is released in ischemic tissues and contributes to reactive hyperemia."	3.70	Intravascular source of adenosine during forearm ischemia in humans: implications for reactive hyperemia. ( Angel, M; Biaggioni, I; Cavalcante, J; Christman, B; Costa, F; Haile, V; Sulur, P, 1999)
"The extent to which daily caffeine use is associated with a substance dependence syndrome similar to that associated with other psychoactive drugs is unknown."	3.69	Caffeine dependence syndrome. Evidence from case histories and experimental evaluations. ( Griffiths, RR; Mumford, GK; Silverman, K; Strain, EC, 1994)
"By the example of two case reports, typical signs of caffeine withdrawal like headache, increased irritability, decreased performance and disturbed concentration are described."	3.69	[Episodic headache, diminished performance and depressive mood]. ( Cacciatore, R; Helbling, A; Hess, B; Jost, C, 1996)
"Caffeine consumption may cause headache, particularly migraine."	3.69	Influence of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on headache and cerebral blood flow velocities. ( Couturier, EG; Laman, DM; van Duijn, H; van Duijn, MA, 1997)
"The interruption of daily consumption of caffeine-containing beverages can cause headache and other symptoms within 8 hours."	3.68	Perioperative ingestion of caffeine and postoperative headache. ( Danielson, DR; Ereth, MH; Weber, JG, 1993)
"This study examined the hypothesis that headache after general anesthesia is related to a caffeine withdrawal state."	3.68	Is caffeine withdrawal the mechanism of postoperative headache? ( Fennelly, M; Galletly, DC; Purdie, GI, 1991)
"Lithium tremor worsened in two patients when caffeine (coffee) was eliminated from their diets."	3.67	Lithium tremor and caffeine intake: two cases of drinking less and shaking more. ( Jefferson, JW, 1988)
"Plasma adenosine concentrations doubled when rats were subjected to 90 min of profound hemorrhagic shock."	3.67	Endogenous adenosine and hemorrhagic shock: effects of caffeine administration or caffeine withdrawal. ( Conlay, LA; Evoniuk, G; Wurtman, RJ, 1988)
"A review of the recent literature shows the role of caffeine in the physiology, mood, and behavior of persons to be a complex one including changes in arousal, anxiety, and performance."	3.66	Caffeine and human behavior: arousal, anxiety, and performance effects. ( Julia, HL; Sawyer, DA; Turin, AC, 1982)
"decaf) can reduce caffeine withdrawal symptoms, even when people do not hold a conscious expectancy it will do so."	3.30	Reduction in caffeine withdrawal after open-label decaffeinated coffee. ( Boakes, R; Colagiuri, B; Lee, JC; Mills, L, 2023)
"Caffeine did not increase alertness in NL participants."	2.75	Association of the anxiogenic and alerting effects of caffeine with ADORA2A and ADORA1 polymorphisms and habitual level of caffeine consumption. ( Deckert, J; Evershed, RP; Heatherley, SV; Hohoff, C; Maxfield, PJ; Mullings, EL; Nutt, DJ; Rogers, PJ, 2010)
"Caffeine dose was crossed with varying instructions that the coffee would either enhance or impair performance in a 2 x 2 factorial design."	2.74	Caffeine expectancies influence the subjective and behavioral effects of caffeine. ( Harrell, PT; Juliano, LM, 2009)
"Caffeine was found to have few and modest effects on EEG in the theta and alpha bandwidths, and no effects in the delta and beta bandwidths."	2.73	Effects of dietary caffeine on topographic EEG after controlling for withdrawal and withdrawal reversal. ( Hogan, MJ; James, JE; Keane, MA, 2007)
"Caffeine is a popular stimulant often used to counter the effects of sleep loss and fatigue."	2.73	Effects of acute caffeine withdrawal on Short Category Test performance in sleep-deprived individuals. ( Balkin, TJ; Kahn-Greene, ET; Kamimori, GH; Killgore, DB; Killgore, WD, 2007)
"Caffeine deprivation was associated with impaired vigilance performance characterized by a reduction in the percentage of targets detected and an increase in response time, and by subjective reports of decreased vigor and increased fatigue and symptoms characterized by sleepiness, headache, and reduced ability to work."	2.69	Caffeine deprivation affects vigilance performance and mood. ( Lane, JD; Phillips-Bute, BG, 1998)
"no caffeine) were administered double-blind in novel fruit juice drinks at 10:15, 11:30 and 13:00 h on the test day."	2.69	Mood and psychomotor performance effects of the first, but not of subsequent, cup-of-coffee equivalent doses of caffeine consumed after overnight caffeine abstinence. ( Robelin, M; Rogers, PJ, 1998)
"A group of those reporting withdrawal symptoms were randomly assigned to three subsamples."	2.69	The frequency of caffeine withdrawal in a population-based survey and in a controlled, blinded pilot experiment. ( Curtis, GL; Dews, PB; Hanford, KJ; O'Brien, CP, 1999)
" Adverse events were negligible and did not differ between the CE and PL groups."	2.69	Safety and efficacy of treatment with an ephedrine/caffeine mixture. The first double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in adolescents. ( Erhardt, E; Jeges, S; Molnár, D; Török, K, 2000)
"Caffeine deprivation was manipulated by administering capsules containing 0%, 50%, or 100% of each subject's daily caffeine intake (complete, partial, and no deprivation conditions)."	2.68	Caffeine withdrawal symptoms and self-administration following caffeine deprivation. ( de Wit, H; Mitchell, SH; Zacny, JP, 1995)
""Headache" was significantly correlated with amount of money forfeited to avoid placebo."	2.68	Caffeine reinforcement: the role of withdrawal. ( Griffiths, RR; Schuh, KJ, 1997)
"Caffeine withdrawal was examined in caffeine-dependent humans living in a residential laboratory."	2.68	Effects of caffeine withdrawal on humans living in a residential laboratory. ( Comer, SD; Fischman, MW; Foltin, RW; Haney, M, 1997)
"Caffeine deprivation was associated with decreased vigor and increased fatigue and with symptoms including sleepiness and yawning."	2.68	Caffeine withdrawal symptoms following brief caffeine deprivation. ( Lane, JD; Phillips-Bute, BG, 1997)
"Twenty-two coffee drinkers (three to seven cups per day) underwent repeated double-blind trials to test for caffeine self-administration, withdrawal, and adverse effects."	2.67	Caffeine self-administration, withdrawal, and adverse effects among coffee drinkers. ( Bickel, WK; Fenwick, JW; Gulliver, SB; Higgins, ST; Hughes, JR; Hunt, WK; Mireault, GC, 1991)
"As most of the population, including migraineurs, consume a considerable amount of caffeine daily, a question arises as to whether it influences their headaches."	2.66	The Ambiguous Role of Caffeine in Migraine Headache: From Trigger to Treatment. ( Kaźmierczak, W; Nowaczewska, M; Wiciński, M, 2020)
"Caffeine has a synergistic effectiveness with analgesics."	2.41	Do caffeine-containing analgesics promote dependence? A review and evaluation. ( Dalessio, D; Feinstein, AR; Fox, JM; Goldstein, J; Haag, G; Heinemann, LA; Ladewig, D; O'Brien, CP, 2000)
"Caffeine is an excellent model compound for understanding drugs of abuse/dependence."	2.41	Caffeine as a model drug of dependence: recent developments in understanding caffeine withdrawal, the caffeine dependence syndrome, and caffeine negative reinforcement. ( Chausmer, AL; Griffiths, RR, 2000)
"There is evidence for caffeine withdrawal symptoms, and caffeine does act as a weak reinforcer, but neither effect is as pronounced as those associated with cocaine."	2.40	[Is caffeine addictive? The most widely used psychoactive substance in the world affects same parts of the brain as cocaine]. ( Daly, JW; Fredholm, BB; Holmén, J, 1998)
"The effects of caffeine on specific mental illnesses and the medications used to treat them will be discussed."	2.39	Caffeine and its effect on persons with mental disorders. ( Simmons, DH, 1996)
"Withdrawal symptoms have been documented after relatively short-term exposure to high doses of caffeine (i."	2.37	Caffeine physical dependence: a review of human and laboratory animal studies. ( Griffiths, RR; Woodson, PP, 1988)
"Caffeine expectancy was associated with reduced subjective withdrawal 30 min following the gum administration but was not significantly impacted by actual caffeine administration."	1.72	The impacts of caffeine administration, expectancies, and related stimuli on coffee craving, withdrawal, and self-administration. ( Barrett, SP; Shephard, A, 2022)
" Dose-response testing indicated an optimal caffeine concentration of 0."	1.56	Chronic voluntary caffeine intake in male Wistar rats reveals individual differences in addiction-like behavior. ( George, O; Kimbrough, A; Lee, CH, 2020)
"We found 16 categories of withdrawal symptoms."	1.56	Mechanisms for the reduction of caffeine consumption: What, how and why. ( Booth, N; Chung, A; McKean, J; Park, JJ; Rodda, S; Ware, P, 2020)
"Whether acute exercise can reduce withdrawal symptoms also remains unknown."	1.51	Effects of Caffeine and Acute Aerobic Exercise on Working Memory and Caffeine Withdrawal. ( Fagan, MJ; Morava, A; Prapavessis, H, 2019)
"Negative expectancies can exacerbate withdrawal symptoms via the nocebo effect."	1.51	The effect of dose expectancies on caffeine withdrawal symptoms during tapered dose reduction. ( Boakes, RA; Colagiuri, B; Mills, L, 2019)
"Caffeine was administrated during all prenatal and postnatal life (CAF, 0."	1.51	Lifelong exposure to caffeine increases anxiety-like behavior in adult mice exposed to tobacco smoke during adolescence. ( Abreu-Villaça, Y; da Silva Gonçalves, B; Filgueiras, CC; Leal-Rocha, PH; Manhães, AC; Ribeiro-Carvalho, A, 2019)
"There were no expectancy effects on withdrawal symptoms or cognitive performance."	1.51	Investigating the role of expectancy in caffeine withdrawal using the balanced placebo design. ( Edwards, KC; Harrell, PT; Juliano, LM; Kardel, PG; Muench, C, 2019)
"We assessed the seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following the chronic co-administration of, and withdrawal from, caffeine and ethanol in male rats."	1.48	Seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following chronic co-administration and acute withdrawal of caffeine and ethanol in a rat model. ( Alele, PE; Matovu, D, 2018)
"Caffeine is a common psychoactive substance with a documented addictive potential."	1.48	Caffeine use disorder: An item-response theory analysis of proposed DSM-5 criteria. ( Ágoston, C; Demetrovics, Z; Richman, MJ; Urbán, R, 2018)
"After 24-hour caffeine abstinence withdrawal symptoms were measured using a self-report caffeine withdrawal scale, and then again after a cup of decaffeinated coffee."	1.46	Effect of Genetic Information and Information About Caffeine Content on Caffeine Withdrawal Symptoms. ( Colagiuri, B; Dar-Nimrod, I; Mills, L, 2017)
"Caffeine abstinence was independently associated with an excellent efficacy of acute treatment (multivariate odds ratio, 3."	1.43	Caffeine discontinuation improves acute migraine treatment: a prospective clinic-based study. ( Choi, H; Choi, HA; Chung, CS; Lee, MJ, 2016)
"Withdrawal of caffeine however produced memory deficits and significantly increases the immobility time of rats in FST."	1.38	Altered brain serotonergic neurotransmission following caffeine withdrawal produces behavioral deficits in rats. ( Haider, S; Haleem, DJ; Khaliq, S; Naqvi, F; Perveen, T; Saleem, S, 2012)
"Caffeine treatment seekers (mean age 41 years, 55% women) consumed an average of 548 mg caffeine per day."	1.38	Characterization of individuals seeking treatment for caffeine dependence. ( Evatt, DP; Griffiths, RR; Juliano, LM; Richards, BD, 2012)
"GAD, phobias, and MDD shared genetic factors with caffeine use, with genetic correlations estimated to be 0."	1.38	Common psychiatric disorders and caffeine use, tolerance, and withdrawal: an examination of shared genetic and environmental effects. ( Bergin, JE; Kendler, KS, 2012)
"Caffeine is a psychostimulant with intake through foods or beverages tending to increase from childhood through adolescence."	1.37	Acute and adaptive motor responses to caffeine in adolescent and adult rats. ( Huggler, AL; Rhoads, DE; Rhoads, LJ, 2011)
"The patients suffering from eating disorders reported higher current caffeine intake than those with anxiety or mood disorders."	1.36	Patterns of caffeine consumption in psychiatric patients. An Italian study. ( Carmassi, C; Ciampa, G; Ciapparelli, A; Consoli, G; Dell'Osso, L; Marazziti, D; Paggini, R; Ramacciotti, CE; Taponecco, C, 2010)
" Caffeine improved alerting and executive control function in a dose-response manner, asymptoting at 200mg; this effect is congruent with caffeine's adenosine-mediated effects on dopamine-rich areas of brain, and the involvement of these areas in alerting and the executive control of visual attention."	1.36	Caffeine modulates attention network function. ( Brunyé, TT; Lieberman, HR; Mahoney, CR; Taylor, HA, 2010)
"The 14 withdrawal symptoms were grouped into three factors termed "fatigue and headache", "dysphoric mood", and "flu-like somatic"."	1.35	Fourteen well-described caffeine withdrawal symptoms factor into three clusters. ( Brenner, D; El-Sohemy, A; Ozsungur, S, 2009)
"As for withdrawal symptoms, NCT caused a more intensive degree of irritability than CAF or ALC, and a more intensive degree of difficulty concentrating and restlessness than did withdrawal from ALC."	1.35	Psychosocial withdrawal characteristics of nicotine compared with alcohol and caffeine. ( Hironaka, N; Miyasato, K; Miyata, H; Nakamura, K; Takada, K; Yanagita, T, 2008)
" Following this repeated caffeine doses were administered to test the claim that repeated dosing has no extra effect on mood or performance."	1.34	Effects of repeated doses of caffeine on performance and alertness: new data and secondary analyses. ( Hewlett, P; Smith, A, 2007)
"Adenosine reduces opioid withdrawal symptoms by activating A(1) adenosine receptors, probably by inhibiting excitatory amino acid release."	1.32	Interactive role of adenosine and dopamine in the opiate withdrawal syndrome. ( Berrino, L; Capuano, A; De Novellis, V; Filippelli, A; Mazzeo, F; Rossi, F; Stella, L; Vitelli, MR, 2003)
"Other substance dependence disorders were not overrepresented in the caffeine dependent group compared to the caffeine nondependent group."	1.31	Caffeine use and dependence in adolescents: one-year follow-up. ( Bernstein, GA; Oberstar, JV; Thuras, PD, 2002)
"In a second model, hyperalgesia was induced by the i."	1.31	Indomethacin, caffeine and prochlorperazine alone and combined revert hyperalgesia in in vivo models of migraine. ( Galeotti, N; Ghelardini, C; Grazioli, I; Uslenghi, C, 2002)
"Eight expert substance abuse clinicians agreed with self-endorsed caffeine dependence 91% of the time."	1.30	Endorsement of DSM-IV dependence criteria among caffeine users. ( Carpenter, J; Howard, T; Hughes, JR; Liguori, A; Oliveto, AH, 1998)
"Caffeine is an addictive psychoactive substance."	1.30	Caffeine intake, tolerance, and withdrawal in women: a population-based twin study. ( Kendler, KS; Prescott, CA, 1999)
"Caffeine was injected at doses of 80 mg/kg daily for five days."	1.29	24h withdrawal following repeated administration of caffeine attenuates brain serotonin but not tryptophan in rat brain: implications for caffeine-induced depression. ( Haleem, DJ; Haleem, MA; Yasmeen, A; Zafar, A, 1995)
" Stimulatory effects of injected caffeine were lower in chronically treated mice and the biphasic dose-response (stimulatory followed by depressant) curve for injected caffeine was left shifted."	1.29	Locomotor activity in mice during chronic treatment with caffeine and withdrawal. ( Daly, JW; Jacobson, KA; Nikodijević, O, 1993)
"Caffeine has recently undergone scrutiny as a co-morbid risk factor with other substance dependencies, and in other medical and psychiatric conditions."	1.29	Primary caffeine dependence: a case report. ( Adams, D; Ditzler, T; Haning, WF, 1993)
"The males amongst these were all migraine patients, but 23% of the women suffered from tension-type headache."	1.28	Weekend attacks in migraine patients: caused by caffeine withdrawal? ( Couturier, EG; Hering, R; Steiner, TJ, 1992)
"Caffeine did not increase the severity of symptoms but did decrease the severity of withdrawal-induced hunger."	1.28	Effects of caffeine on tobacco withdrawal. ( Bickel, WK; Fenwick, JW; Higgins, ST; Hughes, JR; Oliveto, AH; Pepper, SL; Terry, SY, 1991)
"Mild caffeine deprivation was associated with symptoms of stress."	1.28	Cardiovascular reactivity, mood, and task performance in deprived and nondeprived coffee drinkers. ( Baum, A; O'Keeffe, MK; Ratliff-Crain, J, 1989)
"Caffeine was contained in at least one drug in all cases, ergotamine in 80."	1.28	Longterm prognosis of analgesic withdrawal in patients with drug-induced headaches. ( Baumgartner, C; Bingöl, C; Holzner, F; Maly, J; Wessely, P, 1989)
"Caffeine was found to be approximately 10X more active than Na benzoate in inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterase activity in a neuroblastoma cell whole homogenate assay."	1.26	Caffeine elicited withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rhesus monkeys. ( Aceto, MD; Carchman, RA; Flora, RE; Harris, LS, 1978)
"Caffeine 'insomnia' thus seems characterized by increased stability of wakefulness, and hypnotic withdrawal 'insomnia' by decreased stability fo sleep."	1.25	Two types of insomnia: too much waking or not enough sleep. ( Brezinová, V; Loudon, J; Oswald, I, 1975)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	58 (22.22)	18.7374
1990's	92 (35.25)	18.2507
2000's	65 (24.90)	29.6817
2010's	35 (13.41)	24.3611
2020's	11 (4.21)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Comparing the Acute Effects of Exercise and Caffeine on Working Memory During a Short Period of Caffeine Deprivation in Moderate to Heavy Caffeine Consumers[NCT05170464]	Phase 2/Phase 3	42 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Not yet recruiting
CaffeinICU Study - A Randomized Controlled Multi-centre Pilot Study, on the Efficacy of Oral Caffeine, in Reducing the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Adult Patients[NCT05232734]	Phase 2	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-24	Recruiting
Impact of Intravenous Caffeine on Atrial Electrical Properties and Potential Arrythmia Induction in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: The COFFEE-AF Trial[NCT05464940]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-30	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized, Double Dummy, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Cross Over Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Investigational Product E-AG-01/ E-AG02/ E-AG-03/ E-AG-04 on Alertness and Mental Fatigue[NCT02816827]		59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
The Impact of Caffeine on Cognition in Schizophrenia[NCT02832401]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-02	Completed
Weekend Headaches in School-age Children[NCT05218330]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-01-01	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
The Ambiguous Role of Caffeine in Migraine Headache: From Trigger to Treatment. Nutrients, 2020, Jul-28, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Beverages; Caffeine; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders	2020
Use of therapeutic caffeine in acute care postoperative and critical care settings: a scoping review. BMC anesthesiology, 2021, 03-31, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Critical Care; Headache; Hu	2021
Caffeine supplementation in the hospital: Potential role for the treatment of caffeine withdrawal. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2021, Volume: 153 Topics: Administration, Oral; Caffeine; Dietary Supplements; Hospitals; Humans; Inpatients; Substance Withdr	2021
Caffeine and cognitive performance: persistent methodological challenges in caffeine research. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2014, Volume: 124 Topics: Caffeine; Cognition; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	2014
The management of substance abuse in the critically ill. Disease-a-month : DM, 2014, Volume: 60, Issue:8 Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Benzodiazepines; Caffeine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Critical Illness; Drug	2014
Neurobehavioral hazard identification and characterization for caffeine. Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 2016, Volume: 74 Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anxiety; Caffeine; Central Nervous System; Central Nervous System Stimulants; D	2016
Caffeine and headaches. Current pain and headache reports, 2008, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Caffeine; Headache; Headache Disorders, Secondary; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	2008
Caffeinated energy drinks--a growing problem. Drug and alcohol dependence, 2009, Jan-01, Volume: 99, Issue:1-3 Topics: Advertising; Beverages; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Legisla	2009
Systematic review on the effectiveness of caffeine abstinence on the quality of sleep. Journal of clinical nursing, 2009, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Patient Complia	2009
Fasting headache: a review of the literature and new hypotheses. Headache, 2009, Volume: 49, Issue:5 Topics: Caffeine; Causality; Fasting; Food Deprivation; Headache; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Religio	2009
Peripartum implications of caffeine intake in pregnancy: is there cause for concern? Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2009, Volume: 56, Issue:10 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Animals; Beverages; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;	2009
Caffeine at high altitude: java at base cAMP. High altitude medicine & biology, 2010,Spring, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Acclimatization; Altitude; Altitude Sickness; Beverages; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants	2010
Caffeine withdrawal, sleepiness, and driving performance: what does the research really tell us? Nutritional neuroscience, 2011, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Attention; Automobile Driving; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Narcolepsy; Reac	2011
Caffeine: behavioral effects of withdrawal and related issues. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2002, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Behavior; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Substance Withdrawal	2002
A critical review of caffeine withdrawal: empirical validation of symptoms and signs, incidence, severity, and associated features. Psychopharmacology, 2004, Volume: 176, Issue:1 Topics: Caffeine; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Humans; Incidence; Meta-Analysis as	2004
Effects of caffeine on performance and mood: withdrawal reversal is the most plausible explanation. Psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 182, Issue:1 Topics: Affect; Arousal; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Tolerance; Follow-Up S	2005
Is caffeine addictive?--a review of the literature. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2006, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Caffeine; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders	2006
Caffeine and headaches. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2007, Volume: 28 Suppl 2 Topics: Adenosine; Brain; Caffeine; Drug Combinations; Drug Synergism; Headache Disorders; Headache Disorder	2007
Caffeine, sleep and wakefulness: implications of new understanding about withdrawal reversal. Human psychopharmacology, 2007, Volume: 22, Issue:8 Topics: Automobile Driving; Brain; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Electroencephalography; Huma	2007
Caffeine. Annual review of nutrition, 1982, Volume: 2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Birth Weight; Caffeine; Cardiovascular System; Centra	1982
Caffeine dependence: fact or fiction? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1995, Volume: 88, Issue:8 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders	1995
Caffeine use: is there a net benefit for mood and psychomotor performance? Neuropsychobiology, 1995, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Affect; Animals; Caffeine; Humans; Psychomotor Performance; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1995
Is caffeine involved in the pathogenesis of combat-stress reaction? Military medicine, 1996, Volume: 161, Issue:4 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Combat Disorders; Humans; Military Personnel; Stress, P	1996
Caffeine and its effect on persons with mental disorders. Archives of psychiatric nursing, 1996, Volume: 10, Issue:2 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Mental Disorders; Neurocognitive Disorders; Neurologic Examination; Substance With	1996
[Is caffeine addictive? The most widely used psychoactive substance in the world affects same parts of the brain as cocaine]. Lakartidningen, 1998, Dec-16, Volume: 95, Issue:51-52 Topics: Adult; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Interactions; Humans; Recep	1998
Do caffeine-containing analgesics promote dependence? A review and evaluation. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2000, Volume: 68, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesics; Caffeine; Drug Synergism; Evidence-Based Medicine; Headache; Humans; Phenacetin; Substan	2000
Caffeine as a model drug of dependence: recent developments in understanding caffeine withdrawal, the caffeine dependence syndrome, and caffeine negative reinforcement. Nihon shinkei seishin yakurigaku zasshi = Japanese journal of psychopharmacology, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Caffeine; Child; Humans; Models, Biological; Reinforcement, Psychology; Substance	2000
Physiologic and psychotropic effects of caffeine on man. A review. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1977, Volume: 71, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Cacao; Caffeine	1977
Possible psychiatric significance of excessive coffee consumption. Canadian Psychiatric Association journal, 1975, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Canada; Cardiovascular System; Cerebrovascular C	1975
Should caffeine abuse, dependence, or withdrawal be added to DSM-IV and ICD-10? The American journal of psychiatry, 1992, Volume: 149, Issue:1 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance	1992
Caffeine physical dependence: a review of human and laboratory animal studies. Psychopharmacology, 1988, Volume: 94, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Humans; Risk Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders	1988
Psychotropic effects of caffeine. American family physician, 1988, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Affect; Anxiety; Behavior; Caffeine; Depression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Food Anal	1988
Propoxyphene hydrochloride. A critical review. JAMA, 1970, Aug-10, Volume: 213, Issue:6 Topics: Analgesics; Aspirin; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Codeine; Dextropropoxyphene; Female; Headac	1970

Article	Year
Reduction in caffeine withdrawal after open-label decaffeinated coffee. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2023, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Psychotropic Drugs; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome;	2023
Brain activity during a working memory task after daily caffeine intake and caffeine withdrawal: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Scientific reports, 2023, 01-18, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Brain; Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Memory, Sh	2023
Effects of dietary caffeine on EEG, performance and mood when rested and sleep restricted. Human psychopharmacology, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Affect; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Diet; Electroen	2008
Caffeine withdrawal, acute effects, tolerance, and absence of net beneficial effects of chronic administration: cerebral blood flow velocity, quantitative EEG, and subjective effects. Psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 204, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anterior Cerebral Artery; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebrovascular Circul	2009
Caffeine expectancies influence the subjective and behavioral effects of caffeine. Psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 207, Issue:2 Topics: Affect; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Double-Blind Method; Female;	2009
Caffeine abstinence: an ineffective and potentially distressing tinnitus therapy. International journal of audiology, 2010, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind M	2010
Association of the anxiogenic and alerting effects of caffeine with ADORA2A and ADORA1 polymorphisms and habitual level of caffeine consumption. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Arousal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr	2010
Acute effects of caffeine on attention: a comparison of non-consumers and withdrawn consumers. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2013, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Attention; Beverages; Caffeine; Cognition; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; M	2013
Faster but not smarter: effects of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on alertness and performance. Psychopharmacology, 2013, Volume: 226, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognition; Computers; Dose-	2013
Oral caffeine maintenance potentiates the reinforcing and stimulant subjective effects of intravenous nicotine in cigarette smokers. Psychopharmacology, 2003, Volume: 165, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocaine-Related Disorders;	2003
Topographic quantitative EEG response to acute caffeine withdrawal: a comprehensive analysis of multiple quantitative variables. Clinical EEG (electroencephalography), 2002, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alpha Rhythm; Analysis of Variance; Beta Rhythm; Brain Mapping; Caffeine; Cerebra	2002
Attenuated adrenocortical and blood pressure responses to psychological stress in ad libitum and abstinent smokers. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2003, Volume: 74, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Affect; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cotinine	2003
Transdermal nicotine maintenance attenuates the subjective and reinforcing effects of intravenous nicotine, but not cocaine or caffeine, in cigarette-smoking stimulant abusers. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2004, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocai	2004
Effects of dietary caffeine on mood when rested and sleep restricted. Human psychopharmacology, 2004, Volume: 19, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Diet; Do	2004
How habitual caffeine consumption and dose influence flavour preference conditioning with caffeine. Physiology & behavior, 2004, Sep-15, Volume: 82, Issue:2-3 Topics: Adult; Association Learning; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Choice Behavior; Condition	2004
Effects of caffeine in non-withdrawn volunteers. Human psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Activity Cycles; Adult; Affect; Attention; Caffeine; Drug Administration Schedule; Human Experimenta	2005
Cognitive and psychomotor performance, mood, and pressor effects of caffeine after 4, 6 and 8 h caffeine abstinence. Psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 178, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Central Nervous System St	2005
Effects of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on mood and cognitive performance degraded by sleep restriction. Psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 179, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Affect; Attention; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chromatograph	2005
Caffeine deprivation state modulates coffee consumption but not attentional bias for caffeine-related stimuli. Behavioural pharmacology, 2005, Volume: 16, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Cognition	2005
Psychostimulant and other effects of caffeine in 9- to 11-year-old children. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Affect; Arousal; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; Cognition; Dose-Resp	2006
Acute effects of caffeine in volunteers with different patterns of regular consumption. Human psychopharmacology, 2006, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants;	2006
Effects of dietary caffeine on topographic EEG after controlling for withdrawal and withdrawal reversal. Neuropsychobiology, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Analysis of Variance; Attention; Brain Mapping; Caffeine; Central Nervous	2007
Effects of acute caffeine withdrawal on Short Category Test performance in sleep-deprived individuals. Perceptual and motor skills, 2007, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Pt 2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Cognition Disorders; Concept Formation; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Eth	2007
Coffee: should we stop drinking it? Lancet (London, England), 1981, Jan-31, Volume: 1, Issue:8214 Topics: Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coffee; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related	1981
Anxiety and muscle tension as consequences of caffeine withdrawal. Science (New York, N.Y.), 1980, Sep-26, Volume: 209, Issue:4464 Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Caffeine; Humans; Muscle Contraction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1980
Perioperative administration of caffeine tablets for prevention of postoperative headaches. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1995, Volume: 42, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperati	1995
Effects of caffeine deprivation on complex human functioning. Psychopharmacology, 1995, Volume: 118, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heart Rate; Humans	1995
Caffeine withdrawal symptoms and self-administration following caffeine deprivation. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1995, Volume: 51, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Humans; Male; Psychomotor Performance; Reinforcement Schedule; Self	1995
Cardiovascular, behavioral, and subjective effects of caffeine under field conditions. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1994, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Arousal; Behavior; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Female; Headache; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Huma	1994
Effects of acute caffeine withdrawal on habituated male runners. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1994, Volume: 76, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anaerobic Threshold; Caffeine; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Double-Blind Method; Exercise; Fats;	1994
Caffeine antagonizes EEG effects of tobacco withdrawal. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1994, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Affect; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Coffee; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Heart Ra	1994
The acute and chronic effects of ephedrine/caffeine mixtures on energy expenditure and glucose metabolism in humans. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1993, Volume: 17 Suppl 3 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Caffeine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Energy Metabolism; E	1993
Caffeine metabolism and epinephrine responses during exercise in users and nonusers. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1993, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Caffeine; Catecholamines; Epinephrine; Exercise; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; G	1993
Blood pressure, plasma catecholamine and renin responses to caffeine in elderly hypertensives. Journal of human hypertension, 1993, Volume: 7, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Catecholamines; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma	1993
Caffeine self-administration and withdrawal: incidence, individual differences and interrelationships. Drug and alcohol dependence, 1993, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Arousal; Caffeine; Coffee; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hum	1993
Mood and performance effects of caffeine in relation to acute and chronic caffeine deprivation. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1995, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Anger; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chroni	1995
The effect of caffeine on cue exposure responses in ex-smokers. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 1996, Volume: 91, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Arousal; Caffeine; Cues; Female; Humans; Male; Single-Blind Method; Smoking Cessation; Substa	1996
Caffeine reinforcement: the role of withdrawal. Psychopharmacology, 1997, Volume: 130, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; M	1997
Prophylactic intravenous administration of caffeine and recovery after ambulatory surgical procedures. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 1997, Volume: 72, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Dou	1997
Effects of brief caffeinated-beverage deprivation on mood, symptoms, and psychomotor performance. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1997, Volume: 58, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Affect; Beverages; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognition; Fatigue; Female; H	1997
Somatic dysfunction increase during caffeine withdrawal. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 1997, Volume: 97, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Electroencephalography; Fe	1997
Absorption and subjective effects of caffeine from coffee, cola and capsules. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1997, Volume: 58, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Affect; Area Under Curve; Behavior; Caffeine; Capsules; Carbonated Beverages; Central Nervous	1997
Caffeine dependence in schoolchildren? Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 1997, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Affect; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Substance Withdraw	1997
Effects of caffeine withdrawal on humans living in a residential laboratory. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 1997, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Affect; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Eating; Female; Humans; Male; Psychomoto	1997
Caffeine withdrawal symptoms following brief caffeine deprivation. Physiology & behavior, 1997, Dec-31, Volume: 63, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Double-Blind	1997
Acute and chronic effects of caffeine on performance, mood, headache, and sleep. Neuropsychobiology, 1998, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Affect; Analysis of Variance; Caffeine; Chi-Square Distribution; Chronic Disease; Cro	1998
Physical dependence increases the relative reinforcing effects of caffeine versus placebo. Psychopharmacology, 1998, Volume: 139, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Double	1998
Caffeine deprivation affects vigilance performance and mood. Physiology & behavior, 1998, Volume: 65, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Arousal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies;	1998
Mood and psychomotor performance effects of the first, but not of subsequent, cup-of-coffee equivalent doses of caffeine consumed after overnight caffeine abstinence. Behavioural pharmacology, 1998, Volume: 9, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Attention; Body Weight; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coff	1998
Caffeine withdrawal: a parametric analysis of caffeine dosing conditions. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1999, Volume: 289, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cluster Analysis; Diet; Double-Blind Method; Fem	1999
The frequency of caffeine withdrawal in a population-based survey and in a controlled, blinded pilot experiment. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 1999, Volume: 39, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Affect; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Double-Blind Method; Female; Health Surv	1999
A controlled study of flumazenil-precipitated withdrawal in chronic low-dose benzodiazepine users. Psychopharmacology, 1999, Volume: 147, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Double-Bli	1999
Caffeine withdrawal increases cerebral blood flow velocity and alters quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) activity. Psychopharmacology, 2000, Volume: 147, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Affect; Anterior Cerebral Artery; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebrovascula	2000
Effects of caffeine on sensorimotor gating of the startle reflex in normal control subjects: impact of caffeine intake and withdrawal. Psychopharmacology, 2000, Volume: 151, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Double-Blind Method; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Reflex;	2000
Safety and efficacy of treatment with an ephedrine/caffeine mixture. The first double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in adolescents. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2000, Volume: 24, Issue:12 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adolescent; Apolipoproteins B; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Caffeine; Double-Bl	2000
Caffeine use as a model of acute and chronic insomnia. Sleep, 1992, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Arousal; Attention; Caffeine; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythm; D	1992
Withdrawal syndrome after the double-blind cessation of caffeine consumption. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, Oct-15, Volume: 327, Issue:16 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Depression; Diet; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; Interview, Psychol	1992
Abrupt outpatient withdrawal of medication in analgesic-abusing migraineurs. Lancet (London, England), 1991, Jun-15, Volume: 337, Issue:8755 Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Analgesics; Caffeine; Ergotamine; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Follow-	1991
Caffeine self-administration, withdrawal, and adverse effects among coffee drinkers. Archives of general psychiatry, 1991, Volume: 48, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Self Medi	1991
Low-dose caffeine physical dependence in humans. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1990, Volume: 255, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Affect; Behavior; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Admin	1990
Physical dependence on and toxicity from caffeine. NIDA research monograph, 1989, Volume: 95 Topics: Arousal; Caffeine; Coffee; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Subst	1989
The effects of caffeine on caffeine users and non-users. Physiology & behavior, 1986, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Affect; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Movement; Psychomotor	1986
Human coffee drinking: reinforcing and physical dependence producing effects of caffeine. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 239, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Drinking; Emotions; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychomotor Perfor	1986
Propoxyphene hydrochloride. A critical review. JAMA, 1970, Aug-10, Volume: 213, Issue:6 Topics: Analgesics; Aspirin; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Codeine; Dextropropoxyphene; Female; Headac	1970

Article	Year
Prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with caffeine-withdrawal headache during the first day of Ramadan. Headache, 2023, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Body Weight; Caffeine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Headache; Humans; Prevalence; Substance Withdrawal S	2023
Sex differences in endocannabinoid tone in a pilot study of cannabis use disorder and acute cannabis abstinence. Addiction biology, 2023, Volume: 28, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Cannabis; Endocannabinoids; Female; Humans; Male; Ma	2023
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome after sudden caffeine withdrawal. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005), 2019, Dec-02, Volume: 80, Issue:12 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Computed Tom	2019
Effects of Caffeine and Acute Aerobic Exercise on Working Memory and Caffeine Withdrawal. Scientific reports, 2019, 12-23, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Memory, Short-Te	2019
Chronic voluntary caffeine intake in male Wistar rats reveals individual differences in addiction-like behavior. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2020, Volume: 191 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Choice	2020
Mechanisms for the reduction of caffeine consumption: What, how and why. Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 212 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Databases, Factual; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syn	2020
Low but not moderate amounts of caffeine increase co-consumption of ethanol in C57BL/6J mice. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2021, Volume: 208 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Binge Drinking; Caffeine; Disease Models, Anim	2021
The impacts of caffeine administration, expectancies, and related stimuli on coffee craving, withdrawal, and self-administration. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2022, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Craving; Cues; Female; Humans; Male; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syn	2022
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome secondary to caffeine withdrawal. Scottish medical journal, 2018, Volume: 63, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Brain; Caffeine; Cerebral Arteries; Coffee; Energy Drinks; Headache Disorders, Primary; Human	2018
Effect of Genetic Information and Information About Caffeine Content on Caffeine Withdrawal Symptoms. Scientific reports, 2017, 08-21, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Self	2017
Seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following chronic co-administration and acute withdrawal of caffeine and ethanol in a rat model. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology, 2018, Jan-26, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Ethanol; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague	2018
Caffeine use disorder: An item-response theory analysis of proposed DSM-5 criteria. Addictive behaviors, 2018, Volume: 81 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cigarette Smoking; Craving; Cross-Sectional Stud	2018
The effect of dose expectancies on caffeine withdrawal symptoms during tapered dose reduction. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2019, Volume: 33, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Male; Psychotropic D	2019
Lifelong exposure to caffeine increases anxiety-like behavior in adult mice exposed to tobacco smoke during adolescence. Neuroscience letters, 2019, 03-23, Volume: 696 Topics: Aging; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Cotinine; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Male; M	2019
Investigating the role of expectancy in caffeine withdrawal using the balanced placebo design. Human psychopharmacology, 2019, Volume: 34, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticipation, Psychological; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee;	2019
Concentration- and age-dependent effects of chronic caffeine on contextual fear conditioning in C57BL/6J mice. Behavioural brain research, 2016, Feb-01, Volume: 298, Issue:Pt A Topics: Aging; Animals; Anxiety; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Psychological; D	2016
Caffeine-induced mania in a patient with caffeine use disorder: A case report. The American journal on addictions, 2015, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Caffeine; Comorbidity; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Energy Drinks; Huma	2015
Placebo caffeine reduces withdrawal in abstinent coffee drinkers. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2016, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Attention; Caffeine; Coffee; Craving; Eating; Fatigue; Female; Food; Humans; Male; Psychomoto	2016
Caffeine discontinuation improves acute migraine treatment: a prospective clinic-based study. The journal of headache and pain, 2016, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; O	2016
Activation of Peripheral κ-Opioid Receptors Normalizes Caffeine Effects Modified in Nicotine-Dependent Rats during Nicotine Withdrawal. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2016, Volume: 161, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Gastric	2016
Effects of acute caffeine on anxiety-related behavior in rats chronically exposed to the drug, with some evidence of possible withdrawal-reversal. Behavioural brain research, 2017, 03-15, Volume: 321 Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Male; M	2017
Withdrawal-like behavior in planarians is dependent on drug exposure duration. Neuroscience letters, 2008, Jul-04, Volume: 439, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocaine; Dopamine Uptake Inh	2008
Conditioned flavor avoidance as a measure of withdrawal in rats chronically exposed to a caffeine solution. Physiology & behavior, 2008, Sep-03, Volume: 95, Issue:1-2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous Syste	2008
Fourteen well-described caffeine withdrawal symptoms factor into three clusters. Psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 201, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Likelihood Functions; Male; Odds	2009
Psychosocial withdrawal characteristics of nicotine compared with alcohol and caffeine. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2008, Volume: 1139 Topics: Adult; Aged; Behavior, Addictive; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cent	2008
Caffeine-withdrawal headache induced by hemodialysis. The journal of headache and pain, 2009, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Coffee; Disease Progressio	2009
Functional interaction between purinergic system and opioid withdrawal: in vitro evidence. Current drug safety, 2009, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor	2009
Caffeine in pregnancy: a cause for concern? Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 2009, Volume: 28, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; F	2009
Patterns of caffeine consumption in psychiatric patients. An Italian study. European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2010, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Comorbidity; Feeding and Eating Dis	2010
Caffeine modulates attention network function. Brain and cognition, 2010, Volume: 72, Issue:2 Topics: Affect; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cues; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr	2010
Caffeine expectancy: instrument development in the Rasch measurement framework. Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 2009, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Arousal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Culture; Female; Hu	2009
A comparison of the effects of caffeine following abstinence and normal caffeine use. Psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 207, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Affect; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dose-Response Relationship, D	2009
Modeling withdrawal syndrome in zebrafish. Behavioural brain research, 2010, Apr-02, Volume: 208, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Exploratory	2010
The potential dangers of caffeine in pregnancy. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2010, Volume: 54, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; C	2010
First evidence that drugs of abuse produce behavioral sensitization and cross sensitization in planarians. Behavioural pharmacology, 2010, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relat	2010
Acute and adaptive motor responses to caffeine in adolescent and adult rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2011, Volume: 99, Issue:1 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Age Factors; Animals; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; M	2011
Altered brain serotonergic neurotransmission following caffeine withdrawal produces behavioral deficits in rats. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2012, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Immo	2012
Development of the caffeine withdrawal symptom questionnaire: caffeine withdrawal symptoms cluster into 7 factors. Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012, Aug-01, Volume: 124, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Arousal; Caffeine; Cluster Analysis; Coffee; Fatigue; Female; Headache; H	2012
Characterization of individuals seeking treatment for caffeine dependence. Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 2012, Volume: 26, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sleep Wake Disorders; Substance	2012
Common psychiatric disorders and caffeine use, tolerance, and withdrawal: an examination of shared genetic and environmental effects. Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies, 2012, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Anxiety Disorders; Bulimia; Caffeine; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diseases	2012
The effects of caffeine abstinence on sleep: a pilot study. Applied nursing research : ANR, 2013, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Pilot Projects; Slee	2013
Caffeine withdrawal: a model for migraine? Headache, 2002, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Caffeine; Headache; Humans; Models, Biological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	2002
Caffeine use and dependence in adolescents: one-year follow-up. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology, 2002,Summer, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Analysis of Variance; Caffeine; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Huma	2002
Indomethacin, caffeine and prochlorperazine alone and combined revert hyperalgesia in in vivo models of migraine. Pharmacological research, 2002, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Caffeine; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug	2002
Absence of reinforcing, mood and psychomotor performance effects of caffeine in habitual non-consumers of caffeine. Psychopharmacology, 2003, Volume: 167, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Arousal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Female; Hum	2003
Interactive role of adenosine and dopamine in the opiate withdrawal syndrome. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2003, Volume: 368, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Chr	2003
Caffeine and coffee tolerance. Circulation, 2003, Aug-12, Volume: 108, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Coffee; Drug Tolerance; Heart Rate; Humans; Hyperte	2003
WAKEFULNESS CAUSED BY CAFFEINE. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv fur experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie, 1964, May-25, Volume: 248 Topics: Biomedical Research; Caffeine; Headache; Humans; Lactose; Pharmacology; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders;	1964
Caffeine-withdrawal headache. The Vågå study of headache epidemiology. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2004, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Denmark; Female; Heada	2004
Caffeine withdrawal syndrome in social interaction test in mice: effects of the NMDA receptor channel blockers, memantine and neramexane. Behavioural pharmacology, 2004, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Cyclopentanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mal	2004
Barbiturate withdrawal following Internet purchase of Fioricet. Archives of neurology, 2004, Volume: 61, Issue:7 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Barbiturates; Caffeine; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Internet; Substance	2004
[Alimentary trigger factors that provoke migraine and tension-type headache]. Schmerz (Berlin, Germany), 2006, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Cacao; Caffeine; Dehydration; Digestive System Diseases; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Substance Withd	2006
Dietary caffeine, performance and mood: enhancing and restorative effects after controlling for withdrawal reversal. Neuropsychobiology, 2005, Volume: 52, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Arousal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Diet; Female; Human	2005
Attentional bias for caffeine-related stimuli in high but not moderate or non-caffeine consumers. Psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 181, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Attention; Caffeine; Cues; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Huma	2005
Consequences of prolonged caffeine administration and its withdrawal on pilocarpine- and kainate-induced seizures in rats. Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:9 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Caffeine; Coffea; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drin	2005
What are caffeine's psychological benefits and risks? The Harvard mental health letter, 2005, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Substance Withdrawal	2005
Caffeine dependence in combination with a family history of alcoholism as a predictor of continued use of caffeine during pregnancy. The American journal of psychiatry, 2005, Volume: 162, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Behavior, Addictive; Caffeine; Coffee; Comorbidity; Family Health; Female; Humans	2005
Absence of quasi-morphine withdrawal syndrome in adenosine A2A receptor knockout mice. Psychopharmacology, 2006, Volume: 185, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Corpus Stri	2006
Effects of repeated doses of caffeine on performance and alertness: new data and secondary analyses. Human psychopharmacology, 2007, Volume: 22, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Affect; Analysis of Variance; Arousal; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants	2007
Seizures in a night club. Lancet (London, England), 2007, Jul-21, Volume: 370, Issue:9583 Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Beverages; Caffeine; Drug Interactions	2007
Improvement from treatment-resistant schizoaffective disorder, manic type after stopping heavy caffeine intake: a case report. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2008, Jul-01, Volume: 32, Issue:5 Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychotic	2008
CNS stimulants and the look-alike drugs. The Psychiatric clinics of North America, 1984, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Amphetamine; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Depressive Disorder; Ephedrine; Humans; Il	1984
Character and meaning of quasi-morphine withdrawal phenomena elicited by methylxanthines. Federation proceedings, 1981, Volume: 40, Issue:5 Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; Animals; Caffeine; Huma	1981
Effects of caffeine withdrawal on isoproterenol-stimulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1981, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Adult; Alprostadil; Caffeine; Cyclic AMP; Drug Tolerance; Humans; In Vitro Techniqu	1981
Caffeine: psychiatric grounds for concern. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 1983, Volume: 21, Issue:8 Topics: Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Humans; Psychotropic Drugs; Stimulation, Chemical; Substance Withdrawal S	1983
Lethargy, anxiety, and impotence in a diabetic. Hospital practice (Office ed.), 1982, Volume: 17, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Caffeine; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; H	1982
Relevance of caffeine symptomatology to alcohol rehabilitation efforts. U. S. Navy medicine, 1980, Volume: 71, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Beverages; Caffeine; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Ag	1980
Apnea associated with theophylline withdrawal in a term neonate. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1982, Volume: 136, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Caffeine; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Maternal-Fetal Exchange	1982
Caffeine and human behavior: arousal, anxiety, and performance effects. Journal of behavioral medicine, 1982, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Achievement; Anxiety; Arousal; Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1982
Caffeinism: subjective quantitative aspect of withdrawal syndrome. The Medical journal of Australia, 1981, Feb-07, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1981
Headache. The New England journal of medicine, 1980, Jul-24, Volume: 303, Issue:4 Topics: Caffeine; Headache; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1980
Caffeine-withdrawal headache: a clinical profile. Psychosomatics, 1980, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Caffeine; Depression; Female; Headache; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1980
Caffeine withdrawal elevates urinary MHPG excretion. The New England journal of medicine, 1981, Feb-05, Volume: 304, Issue:6 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1981
24h withdrawal following repeated administration of caffeine attenuates brain serotonin but not tryptophan in rat brain: implications for caffeine-induced depression. Life sciences, 1995, Volume: 57, Issue:19 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Depression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug A	1995
Topographic quantitative EEG measures of alpha and theta power changes during caffeine withdrawal: preliminary findings from normal subjects. Clinical EEG (electroencephalography), 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alpha Rhythm; Brain Mapping; Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; F	1995
Caffeine and psychomotor performance: a reply to James. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 1995, Volume: 90, Issue:9 Topics: Affect; Animals; Arousal; Caffeine; Humans; Psychomotor Performance; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1995
Caffeine, caffeine withdrawal and psychomotor performance: a reply to James. Neuropsychobiology, 1995, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Humans; Psychomotor Performance; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1995
Locomotor activity in mice during chronic treatment with caffeine and withdrawal. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1993, Volume: 44, Issue:1 Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Adenosine; Animals; Caffeine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationsh	1993
Ethanol inhibits NMDA-receptor mediated regulation of immediate early gene expression. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement, 1993, Volume: 2 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ethanol; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene	1993
Caffeine withdrawal increases lithium blood levels. Biological psychiatry, 1995, Mar-01, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Lithium;	1995
Does caffeine enhance or merely restore degraded psychomotor performance? Neuropsychobiology, 1994, Volume: 30, Issue:2-3 Topics: Arousal; Attention; Caffeine; Circadian Rhythm; Coffee; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Ps	1994
Drinking history is related to persistent blood pressure dysregulation in postwithdrawal alcoholics. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1994, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Arousal; Caffeine; Ethanol; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle	1994
Barbiturate, analgesic, and caffeine withdrawal. The American journal of emergency medicine, 1994, Volume: 12, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aminopyrine; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Barbiturates; Caffeine; Coma; Drug Comb	1994
Caffeine dependence syndrome. Evidence from case histories and experimental evaluations. JAMA, 1994, Oct-05, Volume: 272, Issue:13 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Psychiatric Status	1994
Caffeine dependence. What are the implications? JAMA, 1994, Oct-05, Volume: 272, Issue:13 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related	1994
Postoperative transient hemihypaesthesia and severe headache associated with caffeine withdrawal. Anaesthesia, 1994, Volume: 49, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypesthesia; Postoperative Complications; Substan	1994
Caffeine withdrawal: apparent heterologous sensitization to adenosine and prostacyclin actions in human platelets. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1993, Volume: 267, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Adolescent; Adult; Alprostadil; Blood Platelets; Caffe	1993
Caffeine withdrawal, metoclopramide, and depression. The American journal of gastroenterology, 1993, Volume: 88, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Depressive Disorder; Drug Interactions; Humans; Male; Metoclopramide; Substance Wit	1993
Primary caffeine dependence: a case report. Hawaii medical journal, 1993, Volume: 52, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders	1993
Caffeine treatment and withdrawal in mice: relationships between dosage, concentrations, locomotor activity and A1 adenosine receptor binding. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1993, Volume: 266, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Infusions,	1993
Perioperative ingestion of caffeine and postoperative headache. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 1993, Volume: 68, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Period; Pr	1993
For want of a cup of coffee. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 1993, Volume: 68, Issue:9 Topics: Caffeine; Headache; Humans; Postoperative Period; Preoperative Care; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1993
[The smart person will never sleep late; 'weekend headache' due to late and insufficient intake of caffeine]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1993, Sep-25, Volume: 137, Issue:39 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrom	1993
Overnight caffeine abstinence and negative reinforcement of preference for caffeine-containing drinks. Psychopharmacology, 1995, Volume: 120, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Caffeine; Conditioning, Psychological; Female; Humans; Male; Reinforcemen	1995
[Caffeine--the gentle addictive stimulant]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1995, Dec-10, Volume: 115, Issue:30 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders	1995
Mitral regurgitation caused by chronic ergotamine use. American heart journal, 1996, Volume: 131, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Ergotamine; Ergotism; Female; Humans; Migraine	1996
Caffeine dependence: an alternative view. Nature medicine, 1996, Volume: 2, Issue:5 Topics: Affect; Caffeine; Headache; Humans; Models, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-	1996
Does caffeine cessation increase firing rates of diffuse paroxysmal slowing dysrhythmia? A serendipitous observation. Clinical EEG (electroencephalography), 1996, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Male; S	1996
[Episodic headache, diminished performance and depressive mood]. Praxis, 1996, May-28, Volume: 85, Issue:22 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Depression; Fatigue; Headache; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1996
Influence of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on headache and cerebral blood flow velocities. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 1997, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance	1997
Anxiogenic action of caffeine: an experimental study in rats. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 1997, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Tolerance; Exploratory Behavior;	1997
A systematic survey of caffeine intake in Vermont. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 1997, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Age of Onset; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Beverages; Caffeine; Central N	1997
Caffeine withdrawal after head and neck surgery. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1997, Volume: 117, Issue:6 Topics: Caffeine; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Postoperative C	1997
Nicotine and caffeine use as confounds in psychiatric studies. Biological psychiatry, 1997, Dec-15, Volume: 42, Issue:12 Topics: Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agoni	1997
Caffeine abstinence augments the systolic blood pressure response to adenosine in humans. The American journal of cardiology, 1998, Jun-01, Volume: 81, Issue:11 Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Purinergic P1 Rec	1998
Effects of caffeine withdrawal from the diet on the metabolism of clozapine in schizophrenic patients. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1998, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Biological Availability; Biotransformation; Caffeine; Chromatography, H	1998
Caffeine withdrawal in normal school-age children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1998, Volume: 37, Issue:8 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Attention; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; Cognition Disor	1998
Regulation of G proteins and adenylyl cyclase in brain regions of caffeine-tolerant and -dependent mice. Brain research, 1998, Aug-31, Volume: 804, Issue:1 Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dru	1998
Endorsement of DSM-IV dependence criteria among caffeine users. Drug and alcohol dependence, 1998, Oct-01, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric S	1998
Adenosine kinase inhibitors attenuate opiate withdrawal via adenosine receptor activation. European journal of pharmacology, 1998, Nov-27, Volume: 362, Issue:1 Topics: 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; Adenosine Kinase; Animals; Body Weight; Caffeine; De	1998
The effects of caffeine withdrawal on cognitive P300 auditory and visual evoked potentials. Clinical EEG (electroencephalography), 1999, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Caffeine; Event-Related Potentials, P300; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Evoked Pot	1999
Caffeine intake, tolerance, and withdrawal in women: a population-based twin study. The American journal of psychiatry, 1999, Volume: 156, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carbonated Beverages; Coffee; Diseases in Twins; Drug Overdose; Drug Tolerance; Fem	1999
Intravascular source of adenosine during forearm ischemia in humans: implications for reactive hyperemia. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1999, Volume: 33, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Caffeine; Female; Forearm; Humans; Hyperemia; Ischemia; Male; Microdialysis; Muscl	1999
Role of adenosine A2 receptors in brain stimulation reward under baseline conditions and during cocaine withdrawal in rats. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1999, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Cocaine; Differential Threshold; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dr	1999
Adenosine receptors are involved in the control of acute naloxone-precipitated withdrawal: in vitro evidence. Life sciences, 2000, Volume: 66, Issue:10 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Caffeine; Dipyridamole; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Naloxone;	2000
Reversal of caffeine withdrawal by ingestion of a soft beverage. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2000, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Beverages; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Huma	2000
Caffeine increases paragigantocellularis neuronal firing rate and induces withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats. European journal of pharmacology, 2001, Feb-02, Volume: 412, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Caffeine; Electrophysiology; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microi	2001
Clinical features of withdrawal headache following overuse of triptans and other headache drugs. Neurology, 2002, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9 Topics: Analgesics; Caffeine; Causality; Codeine; Drug Overdose; Headache; Headache Disorders; Humans; Prosp	2002
Consequences of interaction between opioid and receptor. Biochemical Society transactions, 1977, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Ileum;	1977
Dyskinesia after discountinuation of compound analgesic containing oxycodone. Lancet (London, England), 1977, Apr-02, Volume: 1, Issue:8014 Topics: Aspirin; Caffeine; Codeine; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Oxyc	1977
Two types of insomnia: too much waking or not enough sleep. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1975, Volume: 126 Topics: Age Factors; Caffeine; Electroencephalography; Eye Movements; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative	1975
Morphone abstinence and quasi-abstinence effects after phosphodiesterase inhibitors and naloxone. Life sciences, 1975, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12 Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; Animals; Caffei	1975
Caffeine elicited withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rhesus monkeys. European journal of pharmacology, 1978, Aug-01, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzoates; Brain; Caffeine; Conditio	1978
Mechanism of quasi-morphine withdrawal behaviour induced by methylxanthines. European journal of pharmacology, 1979, Feb-01, Volume: 53, Issue:4 Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; Animals; Caffeine; Humans;	1979
Caffeine-withdrawal headache and fasting. New York state journal of medicine, 1977, Volume: 77, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Caffeine; Child; Coffee; Diet; Fasting; Female; Headache; Humans; Jews; Male; Sub	1977
Evidence for withdrawal from caffeine by rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1977, Volume: 6, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Caffeine; Humans; Male; Rats; Saccharin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1977
Problems with non-prescribed agents. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 1992, Volume: 90, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1992
Caffeine tolerance and choice in humans. Psychopharmacology, 1992, Volume: 108, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adult; Affect; Anxiety; Caffeine; Diet; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Male; Psychiatric Status Rat	1992
Clinical importance of caffeine withdrawal. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, Oct-15, Volume: 327, Issue:16 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1992
Weekend attacks in migraine patients: caused by caffeine withdrawal? Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 1992, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Caffeine; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Di	1992
From the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration. JAMA, 1991, Aug-28, Volume: 266, Issue:8 Topics: Brain; Caffeine; Cocaine; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Ethanol; Fetus; Humans; Memory; Memory Disorders	1991
An original method for assessment of the jumping test. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology, 1991, Volume: 13, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Guanfacine; Male; Methods; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine	1991
Caffeine and theophylline as adenosine receptor antagonists in humans. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1991, Volume: 258, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Adult; Caffeine; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Platelet Ag	1991
Effects of caffeine on tobacco withdrawal. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1991, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Headache; Humans; Hunger; Male; Patient C	1991
Does restriction of caffeine intake affect mixed function oxidase activity and caffeine metabolism? Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition, 1990, Volume: 11, Issue:7 Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Enzyme Induction; Female; gamma-Glutamyltransfer	1990
Is caffeine withdrawal the mechanism of postoperative headache? Anesthesia and analgesia, 1991, Volume: 72, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Caffeine; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperati	1991
Do-Do abuse. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1990, Volume: 157 Topics: Adult; Antitussive Agents; Caffeine; Drug Combinations; Ephedrine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged	1990
Headache caused by caffeine withdrawal among moderate coffee drinkers switched from ordinary to decaffeinated coffee: a 12 week double blind trial. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1990, Jun-16, Volume: 300, Issue:6739 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Coffee; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance	1990
The anxiogenic effects of caffeine. Postgraduate medical journal, 1990, Volume: 66 Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Caffeine; Diet; Female; Humans; Panic; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1990
The effect of smoking on caffeine elimination: implications for its use as a semiquantitative test of liver function. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1988, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Adult; Antipyrine; Caffeine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fema	1988
Caffeine: use and abuse. Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987), 1989, Jul-29, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: Caffeine; Female; Health Education; Humans; Male; Nursing Staff; Students, Nursing; Substance Withdr	1989
Does caffeine withdrawal contribute to postanaesthetic morbidity? Lancet (London, England), 1989, Jun-10, Volume: 1, Issue:8650 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Caffeine; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged;	1989
Cardiovascular reactivity, mood, and task performance in deprived and nondeprived coffee drinkers. Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 1989, Volume: 8, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Arousal; Attention; Caffeine; Coffee; Color Perception; Discrimination Le	1989
Caffeine abstinence effects in humans. NIDA research monograph, 1989, Volume: 95 Topics: Arousal; Caffeine; Fatigue; Headache; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1989
Longterm prognosis of analgesic withdrawal in patients with drug-induced headaches. Headache, 1989, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Ergotamine; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Pyrazoles; Pyra	1989
Chronic caffeine ingestion sensitizes the A1 adenosine receptor-adenylate cyclase system in rat cerebral cortex. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1986, Volume: 77, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Cross-Linking Reagents; Guanine Nu	1986
The caffeine withdrawal flush: report of a case of "weekend flushing". Military medicine, 1986, Volume: 151, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Female; Flushing; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors	1986
Pharmacologic specificity of tolerance to caffeine-induced stimulation of locomotor activity. Psychopharmacology, 1987, Volume: 93, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Male; Motor	1987
A survey of caffeine use and associated side effects in a college population. Journal of drug education, 1988, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Data Collection; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Students; Substance Wi	1988
Behavioral dependence on caffeine and phencyclidine in rhesus monkeys: interactive effects. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1988, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Drug Interactions; Feeding Behavior; Macaca mulatta; Male; Phen	1988
Lithium tremor and caffeine intake: two cases of drinking less and shaking more. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1988, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Humans; Lithium; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawa	1988
Effects of caffeine withdrawal on motor performance and heart rate changes. International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology, 1988, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Attention; Caffeine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time	1988
Endogenous adenosine and hemorrhagic shock: effects of caffeine administration or caffeine withdrawal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1988, Volume: 85, Issue:12 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Blood Pressure; Caffeine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Shock, Hemorrhagic;	1988
[Clouding of consciousness on the withdrawal of caffeine and sodium benzoate]. Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence, 1988, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Caffeine; Cognition Disorders; Consciousness Disorders; Humans; Male; Middl	1988
Caffeine withdrawal headache. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 1987, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Diet; Headache; Humans; Male; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Substance Withdrawal Syn	1987
Caffeine and the benign encephalopathy of pregnancy. Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 1987, Volume: 75, Issue:1 Topics: Brain Diseases; Caffeine; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Substance Withdrawal S	1987
Caffeine withdrawal symptoms. The American journal of emergency medicine, 1987, Volume: 5, Issue:5 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1987
Tolerance to caffeine-induced stimulation of locomotor activity in rats. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 238, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Male; Motor Activity; Rats; Rat	1986
Acute abstinence syndrome after epidural injection of butorphanol. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1985, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Aspirin; Blood Pressure; Butorphanol; Caffeine; Cesarean Section; Codei	1985
Caffeine consumption, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow. Headache, 1985, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawa	1985
[Drugs and traffic--drug effects on efficiency and its importance for traffic safety. II]. Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1968, Nov-15, Volume: 62, Issue:22 Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Analgesics; Anticoagulants; Anticonvulsants; Antihypertensive Agents; Caf	1968
Anxiety or caffeinism: a diagnostic dilemma. The American journal of psychiatry, 1974, Volume: 131, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Cacao; Caffeine; Carbonated Beverages; Coffee; Diagnosis, Differential; Do	1974
Migraine headaches. JAMA, 1972, Dec-11, Volume: 222, Issue:11 Topics: Caffeine; Contraceptives, Oral; Cyproheptadine; Diagnosis, Differential; Diuretics; Drug Combination	1972
Experimental studies on the effective procedure to inhibit the development of tolerance to and dependence on morphine. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1970, Volume: 20, Issue:10 Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Caffeine; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Haplorhini; Humans; Injections, Subcut	1970
Lack of sobering effect of fructose-vitamin tablets. The Medical journal of Australia, 1970, Mar-28, Volume: 1, Issue:13 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Caffeine; Chlorophyll; Ethanol; Fructose; Humans; Pyridoxine; Substance Withdrawal	1970

caffeine and Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (261)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Mills, L	4
Lee, JC	1
Boakes, R	1
Colagiuri, B	4
Lin, YS	1
Weibel, J	1
Landolt, HP	1
Santini, F	1
Slawik, H	1
Borgwardt, S	1
Cajochen, C	1
Reichert, CF	1
Magdy, R	1
El Desouky, ED	1
Hammad, EM	1
Salem, MR	1
Mahfouz, NA	1
Fathy, W	1
Al-Azayem, SA	1
Naguib, EM	1
Hussein, M	1
Martin, EL	1
Baker, NL	1
Sempio, C	1
Christians, U	1
Klawitter, J	1
McRae-Clark, AL	1
Chattha, N	1
Webb, T	1
Hargroves, D	1
Balogun, I	1
Bertoni, M	1
Morava, A	1
Fagan, MJ	1
Prapavessis, H	1
Lee, CH	1
George, O	1
Kimbrough, A	1
Rodda, S	1
Booth, N	1
McKean, J	1
Chung, A	2
Park, JJ	1
Ware, P	1
Nowaczewska, M	1
Wiciński, M	1
Kaźmierczak, W	1
Bright, M	1
Raman, V	1
Laupland, KB	1
Agritelley, MS	1
Goldberger, JJ	1
Evans, MJ	1
Jenkins, MD	1
Berry, JN	1
Shephard, A	1
Barrett, SP	1
Kalladka, D	1
Siddiqui, A	1
Tyagi, A	1
Newman, E	1
Dar-Nimrod, I	1
Matovu, D	1
Alele, PE	1
Ágoston, C	1
Urbán, R	1
Richman, MJ	1
Demetrovics, Z	1
Boakes, RA	2
da Silva Gonçalves, B	1
Leal-Rocha, PH	1
Manhães, AC	1
Filgueiras, CC	1
Abreu-Villaça, Y	1
Ribeiro-Carvalho, A	1
Juliano, LM	5
Kardel, PG	1
Harrell, PT	3
Muench, C	1
Edwards, KC	1
James, JE	9
Patel, G	1
Poole, RL	1
Braak, D	1
Gould, TJ	1
Krankl, JT	1
Gitlin, M	1
Turnbull, D	1
Rodricks, JV	1
Mariano, GF	1
Lee, MJ	1
Choi, HA	1
Choi, H	1
Chung, CS	1
Sudakov, SK	1
Bogdanova, NG	1
Hughes, RN	1
Hancock, NJ	1
Sacavage, S	1
Patel, H	1
Zielinski, M	1
Acker, J	1
Phillips, AG	1
Raffa, RB	2
Rawls, SM	2
Dreumont-Boudreau, SE	1
Dingle, RN	1
Alcolado, GM	1
Lolordo, VM	1
Shapiro, RE	2
Ozsungur, S	1
Brenner, D	1
El-Sohemy, A	1
Reissig, CJ	1
Strain, EC	4
Griffiths, RR	21
Keane, MA	3
Miyata, H	1
Hironaka, N	1
Takada, K	1
Miyasato, K	1
Nakamura, K	1
Yanagita, T	1
Sin, CW	1
Ho, JS	1
Chung, JW	2
Sigmon, SC	2
Herning, RI	2
Better, W	1
Cadet, JL	2
Nikić, PM	1
Zidverc-Trajković, J	1
Andrić, B	1
Milinković, M	1
Stojimirović, B	1
Capasso, A	2
Gallo, C	1
Kuczkowski, KM	3
Torelli, P	1
Evangelista, A	1
Bini, A	1
Castellini, P	1
Lambru, G	1
Manzoni, GC	1
Ciapparelli, A	1
Paggini, R	1
Carmassi, C	1
Taponecco, C	1
Consoli, G	1
Ciampa, G	1
Ramacciotti, CE	1
Marazziti, D	1
Dell'Osso, L	1
Brunyé, TT	1
Mahoney, CR	1
Lieberman, HR	1
Taylor, HA	1
Heinz, AJ	1
Kassel, JD	1
Smith, EV	1
Addicott, MA	1
Laurienti, PJ	1
Cachat, J	1
Canavello, P	1
Elegante, M	1
Bartels, B	1
Hart, P	1
Bergner, C	1
Egan, R	1
Duncan, A	1
Tien, D	1
Wong, K	1
Goodspeed, J	1
Tan, J	1
Grimes, C	1
Elkhayat, S	1
Suciu, C	1
Rosenberg, M	1
Chung, KM	1
Kadri, F	1
Roy, S	1
Gaikwad, S	1
Stewart, A	1
Zapolsky, I	1
Gilder, T	1
Mohnot, S	1
Beeson, E	1
Amri, H	1
Zukowska, Z	1
Soignier, RD	1
Kalueff, AV	1
Claire, LS	1
Stothart, G	1
McKenna, L	1
Rogers, PJ	12
Hackett, PH	1
Patil, T	1
Yuvasheva, E	1
Hohoff, C	1
Heatherley, SV	7
Mullings, EL	2
Maxfield, PJ	1
Evershed, RP	1
Deckert, J	1
Nutt, DJ	1
Rhoads, DE	1
Huggler, AL	1
Rhoads, LJ	1
Khaliq, S	1
Haider, S	1
Naqvi, F	1
Perveen, T	1
Saleem, S	1
Haleem, DJ	2
Huntley, ED	1
Westerman, AT	1
Evatt, DP	1
Richards, BD	1
Bergin, JE	1
Kendler, KS	2
Smith, AP	4
Christopher, G	2
Sutherland, D	2
Smith, JE	1
Ho, SC	1
Spencer, B	1
Oberstar, JV	1
Bernstein, GA	2
Thuras, PD	1
Dews, PB	3
O'Brien, CP	3
Bergman, J	1
Galeotti, N	1
Ghelardini, C	1
Grazioli, I	1
Uslenghi, C	1
Jones, HE	2
Reeves, RR	5
Struve, FA	5
Patrick, G	5
al'Absi, M	1
Wittmers, LE	1
Erickson, J	1
Hatsukami, D	1
Crouse, B	1
Martin, J	1
Smith, C	1
Smit, HJ	1
Stella, L	1
De Novellis, V	1
Vitelli, MR	1
Capuano, A	1
Mazzeo, F	1
Berrino, L	1
Rossi, F	1
Filippelli, A	1
Notarius, CF	2
Rongen, GA	2
Floras, JS	2
GOLDSTEIN, A	2
Sobel, BF	1
Sjaastad, O	1
Bakketeig, LS	1
Sukhotina, IA	1
Zvartau, EE	1
Danysz, W	1
Bespalov, AY	1
Gregg, ME	2
Romero, CE	1
Baron, JD	1
Knox, AP	1
Hinchey, JA	1
Ropper, AH	1
Tinley, EM	1
Durlach, PJ	1
Yeomans, MR	3
Smith, A	3
Hayward, RC	2
Seers, HE	2
Holzhammer, J	1
Wöber, C	1
Hill, J	1
Kane, M	2
Harte, F	1
Javaherian, S	1
Tovey, HM	1
Stafford, LD	2
Hoexter, MQ	1
Rosa, PS	1
Tufik, S	1
Mello, LE	1
Miller, MC	1
Svikis, DS	1
Berger, N	1
Haug, NA	1
Hancock, KM	1
Bilbao, A	1
Cippitelli, A	1
Martín, AB	1
Granado, N	1
Ortiz, O	1
Bezard, E	1
Chen, JF	1
Navarro, M	2
Rodríguez de Fonseca, F	1
Moratalla, R	1
Hewlett, P	2
Satel, S	1
Röggla, G	1
Moser, B	1
Hogan, MJ	1
Killgore, WD	1
Kahn-Greene, ET	1
Killgore, DB	1
Kamimori, GH	1
Balkin, TJ	1
Caykoylu, A	1
Ekinci, O	1
Kuloglu, M	1
Lake, CR	1
Quirk, RS	1
Collier, HO	4
Cuthbert, NJ	2
Francis, DL	3
Mackenzie, TB	1
Popkin, MK	1
Dziubinski, J	1
Sheppard, JR	1
Pilette, WL	1
Cobbs, LW	1
Doucette, SR	1
Willoughby, A	1
Horowitz, DA	1
Jablonski, WJ	1
Mehta, KA	1
Sawyer, DA	1
Julia, HL	1
Turin, AC	1
Roller, L	1
Greden, JF	3
Domino, L	1
Victor, BS	1
Fontaine, P	1
Lubetsky, M	1
White, BC	1
Lincoln, CA	1
Pearce, NW	1
Reeb, R	1
Vaida, C	1
Gibson, CJ	1
Yasmeen, A	1
Haleem, MA	1
Zafar, A	1
Hampl, KF	2
Schneider, MC	2
Rüttimann, U	1
Ummenhofer, W	1
Drewe, J	1
Bullen, JA	1
Streufert, S	1
Pogash, R	1
Miller, J	1
Gingrich, D	1
Landis, R	1
Lonardi, L	1
Severs, W	1
Roache, JD	1
Richardson, NJ	3
Dernoncourt, C	1
Mitchell, SH	1
de Wit, H	1
Zacny, JP	1
Nikodijević, O	1
Jacobson, KA	1
Daly, JW	2
Wilce, PA	1
Le, F	1
Matsumoto, I	1
Shanley, BC	1
Mester, R	1
Toren, P	1
Mizrachi, I	1
Wolmer, L	1
Karni, N	1
Weizman, A	1
King, AC	1
Parsons, OA	1
Bernardy, NC	1
Lovallo, WR	1
Höfer, I	1
Bättig, K	1
Hetzler, RK	1
Warhaftig-Glynn, N	1
Thompson, DL	1
Dowling, E	1
Weltman, A	1
Cohen, C	1
Pickworth, WB	1
Bunker, EB	1
Henningfield, JE	1
Gallerani, M	1
Zanotti, C	1
Menozzi, L	1
Montezemolo, A	1
Monetti, VC	1
Tola, MR	1
Mumford, GK	1
Silverman, K	2
Glass, RM	1
Toubro, S	1
Astrup, A	1
Breum, L	1
Quaade, F	1
Stotz, G	1
Van Soeren, MH	1
Sathasivam, P	1
Spriet, LL	1
Graham, TE	1
Paul, S	2
Kurunwune, B	1
Biaggioni, I	3
Potter, JF	1
Haigh, RA	1
Harper, GD	1
Fotherby, M	1
Hurd, S	1
Macdonald, IA	1
Hughes, JR	10
Oliveto, AH	5
Bickel, WK	5
Higgins, ST	5
Badger, GJ	1
Wenokur, B	1
Lessem, P	1
Adams, D	1
Ditzler, T	1
Haning, WF	1
Kaplan, GB	3
Greenblatt, DJ	1
Kent, MA	1
Cotreau-Bibbo, MM	1
Weber, JG	2
Ereth, MH	2
Danielson, DR	2
Harper, JV	1
Couturier, EG	3
Elliman, NA	2
Aarbakke, J	1
O'Dell, RJ	1
Flaherty, KR	1
Bates, JR	1
Cacciatore, R	1
Helbling, A	1
Jost, C	1
Hess, B	1
Hepple, J	1
Robson, P	1
Iancu, I	1
Dolberg, OT	1
Zohar, J	1
Simmons, DH	1
Schuh, KJ	1
Laman, DM	1
van Duijn, MA	1
van Duijn, H	1
Klindworth, JT	1
Arnold, JJ	1
Lane, JD	3
Bhattacharya, SK	1
Satyan, KS	1
Chakrabarti, A	1
Liguori, A	2
Grass, JA	1
Wallace, ME	1
Comer, SD	1
Haney, M	1
Foltin, RW	1
Fischman, MW	1
Phillips-Bute, BG	2
Hamill, NJ	1
Levin, RJ	1
Howard, TS	1
Brooks, SC	1
Ando, S	1
Carrillo, JA	1
Herraiz, AG	1
Ramos, SI	1
Benítez, J	1
Carroll, ME	2
Dean, NW	1
Crosby, RD	1
Perwien, AR	1
Benowitz, NL	1
Leite-Morris, KA	1
Smith, JG	1
Sears, MT	1
Garrett, BE	1
Carpenter, J	1
Howard, T	1
Robelin, M	1
Coyle, TS	1
Holmén, J	1
Fredholm, BB	1
Prescott, CA	1
Evans, SM	4
Costa, F	1
Sulur, P	1
Angel, M	1
Cavalcante, J	1
Haile, V	1
Christman, B	1
Curtis, GL	1
Hanford, KJ	1
Mintzer, MZ	1
Stoller, KB	1
Baldo, BA	1
Koob, GF	1
Markou, A	1
Watson, JM	1
Lunt, MJ	1
Morris, S	1
Weiss, MJ	1
Hussey, D	1
Kerr, D	1
Swerdlow, NR	1
Eastvold, A	1
Gerbranda, T	1
Uyan, KM	1
Hartman, P	1
Doan, Q	1
Auerbach, P	1
Feinstein, AR	1
Heinemann, LA	1
Dalessio, D	1
Fox, JM	1
Goldstein, J	1
Haag, G	1
Ladewig, D	1
Molnár, D	1
Török, K	1
Erhardt, E	1
Jeges, S	1
Khalili, M	1
Semnanian, S	1
Fathollahi, Y	1
Chausmer, AL	1
Mauskop, A	1
Gardos, G	1
Brezinová, V	1
Oswald, I	1
Loudon, J	1
Roy, AC	1
Aceto, MD	1
Carchman, RA	1
Harris, LS	1
Flora, RE	1
Butt, NM	1
Saeed, SA	1
Shorofsky, MA	1
Lamm, RN	1
Stephenson, PE	1
Vitiello, MV	1
Woods, SC	1
Furlong, FW	1
Bajaj, VK	1
Mishra, KC	1
Bonnet, MH	1
Arand, DL	1
Hering, R	2
Steiner, TJ	2
Goodwin, FK	1
Helzer, JE	1
Lizasoain, I	1
Leza, JC	1
Lorenzo, P	1
Puckett, A	1
Arzubiaga, C	1
Terry, SY	1
Pepper, SL	1
Fenwick, JW	2
Caraco, Y	1
Zylber-Katz, E	1
Granit, L	1
Levy, M	1
Fennelly, M	2
Galletly, DC	2
Purdie, GI	1
Hunt, WK	2
Gulliver, SB	1
Mireault, GC	1
Loosmore, S	1
Armstrong, D	1
Heishman, SJ	1
Preston, KL	1
Sannerud, CA	1
Wolf, B	1
Woodson, PP	2
van Dusseldorp, M	1
Katan, MB	1
Bruce, MS	1
Murphy, TL	1
McIvor, C	1
Yap, A	1
Cooksley, WG	1
Halliday, JW	1
Powell, LW	1
Benton, D	1
Whitwam, JG	1
Ratliff-Crain, J	1
O'Keeffe, MK	1
Baum, A	1
Pepper, S	1
Baumgartner, C	1
Wessely, P	1
Bingöl, C	1
Maly, J	1
Holzner, F	1
Green, RM	1
Stiles, GL	1
Wilkin, JK	1
Finn, IB	2
Holtzman, SG	2
Johnson-Greene, D	1
Fatis, M	1
Sonnek, D	1
Shawchuck, C	1
Hagen, EW	1
Asencio, M	1
Brauer, LH	1
Clementz, GL	1
Dailey, JW	1
Jefferson, JW	1
Rizzo, AA	1
Stamps, LE	1
Fehr, LA	1
Conlay, LA	1
Evoniuk, G	1
Wurtman, RJ	1
Akita, I	1
Suwaki, H	1
Ikeda, H	1
Smith, R	1
Purvin, VA	1
Dunn, DW	1
Stringer, KA	1
Watson, WA	1
Kuznicki, JT	1
Turner, LS	1
Bigelow, GE	1
Liebson, IA	1
Weintraub, SJ	1
Naulty, JS	1
Mathew, RJ	1
Wilson, WH	1
Dökert, B	1
Friedman, AP	1
Miller, RR	1
Feingold, A	1
Paxinos, J	1
Matsuda, K	1
Jancy, J	1