caffeine and Idiopathic Parkinson Disease studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To assess effects of caffeine on Parkinson disease (PD)."	9.24	Caffeine as symptomatic treatment for Parkinson disease (Café-PD): A randomized trial. ( Anang, J; Appel-Cresswell, S; Borys, A; Furtado, S; Grimes, D; Hobson, D; Joseph, L; Lang, AE; Moro, A; Moscovich, M; Munhoz, RP; Pelletier, A; Postuma, RB, 2017)
"Epidemiologic studies consistently link caffeine, a nonselective adenosine antagonist, to lower risk of Parkinson disease (PD)."	9.16	Caffeine for treatment of Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. ( Altman, R; Charland, K; Chuang, R; Filla, L; Lang, AE; Moscovich, M; Munhoz, RP; Pelletier, A; Postuma, RB; Rios Romenets, S; Shah, B; Zanatta, D, 2012)
"The authors studied the acute effect of caffeine on the levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in 12 patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease."	9.12	Effects of caffeine on levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Parkinson disease. ( Chand, P; Colwell, A; Deleu, D; Jacob, P; Sarre, S, 2006)
"The authors prospectively examined whether caffeine intake was associated with lower risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in both men and women among 304,980 participants in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study and whether smoking affected this relation."	8.88	Caffeine intake, smoking, and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women. ( Blair, A; Chen, H; Freedman, ND; Guo, X; Hollenbeck, AR; Huang, X; Liu, R; Park, Y; Sinha, R, 2012)
"To investigate the kinetics and metabolism of caffeine in serum from patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and controls using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry."	7.88	Serum caffeine and metabolites are reliable biomarkers of early Parkinson disease. ( Fujimaki, M; Funayama, M; Hatano, T; Hattori, N; Imamichi, Y; Ishikawa, KI; Kaga, N; Koinuma, T; Li, Y; Miura, Y; Mori, A; Oji, Y; Okuzumi, A; Saiki, S; Taka, H; Ueno, SI; Ueno, T, 2018)
"To assess associations between Parkinson disease (PD) and putatively protective factors-smoking, caffeine (coffee, tea, and soft drinks), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen)."	7.74	Smoking, caffeine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in families with Parkinson disease. ( Hancock, DB; Jewett, R; Martin, ER; Scott, BL; Scott, WK; Stacy, MA; Stajich, JM; Vance, JM, 2007)
"We also discuss brain disorders impacted by alterations to adenosine, and how targeting adenosine can ameliorate Parkinson's disease motor symptoms."	6.58	Adenosine role in brain functions: Pathophysiological influence on Parkinson's disease and other brain disorders. ( Fathalla, AM; Moustafa, AA; Soliman, AM, 2018)
" However, long-term administration of this approach is linked to several complications, and a definitive gold-standard therapy for PD is yet to be identified."	5.91	Caffeine alleviates anxiety-like behavior and brainstem lesions in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. ( Adeyeye, TA; Babatunde, BR; Ehireme, SE; Shallie, PD, 2023)
"To assess effects of caffeine on Parkinson disease (PD)."	5.24	Caffeine as symptomatic treatment for Parkinson disease (Café-PD): A randomized trial. ( Anang, J; Appel-Cresswell, S; Borys, A; Furtado, S; Grimes, D; Hobson, D; Joseph, L; Lang, AE; Moro, A; Moscovich, M; Munhoz, RP; Pelletier, A; Postuma, RB, 2017)
"Epidemiologic studies consistently link caffeine, a nonselective adenosine antagonist, to lower risk of Parkinson disease (PD)."	5.16	Caffeine for treatment of Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. ( Altman, R; Charland, K; Chuang, R; Filla, L; Lang, AE; Moscovich, M; Munhoz, RP; Pelletier, A; Postuma, RB; Rios Romenets, S; Shah, B; Zanatta, D, 2012)
"The authors studied the acute effect of caffeine on the levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in 12 patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease."	5.12	Effects of caffeine on levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Parkinson disease. ( Chand, P; Colwell, A; Deleu, D; Jacob, P; Sarre, S, 2006)
"The authors prospectively examined whether caffeine intake was associated with lower risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in both men and women among 304,980 participants in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study and whether smoking affected this relation."	4.88	Caffeine intake, smoking, and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women. ( Blair, A; Chen, H; Freedman, ND; Guo, X; Hollenbeck, AR; Huang, X; Liu, R; Park, Y; Sinha, R, 2012)
"This paper reviews the literature on the genetics of caffeine from the following: (1) twin studies comparing heritability of consumption and of caffeine-related traits, including withdrawal symptoms, caffeine-induced insomnia, and anxiety, (2) association studies linking genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes and target receptors to variations in caffeine response, and (3) case-control and prospective studies examining relationship between polymorphisms associated with variations in caffeine response to risks of Parkinson's and cardiovascular diseases in habitual caffeine consumers."	4.86	Genetics of caffeine consumption and responses to caffeine. ( de Wit, H; Palmer, AA; Yang, A, 2010)
"To investigate the kinetics and metabolism of caffeine in serum from patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and controls using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry."	3.88	Serum caffeine and metabolites are reliable biomarkers of early Parkinson disease. ( Fujimaki, M; Funayama, M; Hatano, T; Hattori, N; Imamichi, Y; Ishikawa, KI; Kaga, N; Koinuma, T; Li, Y; Miura, Y; Mori, A; Oji, Y; Okuzumi, A; Saiki, S; Taka, H; Ueno, SI; Ueno, T, 2018)
"To assess associations between Parkinson disease (PD) and putatively protective factors-smoking, caffeine (coffee, tea, and soft drinks), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen)."	3.74	Smoking, caffeine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in families with Parkinson disease. ( Hancock, DB; Jewett, R; Martin, ER; Scott, BL; Scott, WK; Stacy, MA; Stajich, JM; Vance, JM, 2007)
"The work shows the effects of caffeine after the intrastriatal injection of 6-OHDA in rats, considered as a model of Parkinson disease (PD)."	3.73	Neuroprotective effects of caffeine in the model of 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in rats. ( Aguiar, LM; Cunha, GM; Freitas, RM; Macêdo, DS; Nobre, HV; Oliveira, AA; Sousa, FC; Vasconcelos, SM; Viana, GS, 2006)
"Patients with Parkinson's disease can apparently benefit from caffeine consumption, as a number of experimental and clinical studies have already shown."	3.01	[Caffeine, Chocolate and Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease]. ( Reichmann, H, 2023)
"Caffeine is a nonselective competitive blockade of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors."	2.73	Effects of caffeine on the freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. ( Houzen, H; Kitagawa, M; Tashiro, K, 2007)
"Caffeine was administered to six patients with idiopathic parkinsonism in an attempt to potentiate the therapeutic response of bromocriptine, a dopamine (DA) receptor agonist, by inhibition of phosphodiesterase."	2.64	Studies with bromocriptine: III. Concomitant administration of caffeine to patients with idiopathic parkinsonism. ( Calne, DB; Kartzinel, R; Shoulson, I, 1976)
"We also discuss brain disorders impacted by alterations to adenosine, and how targeting adenosine can ameliorate Parkinson's disease motor symptoms."	2.58	Adenosine role in brain functions: Pathophysiological influence on Parkinson's disease and other brain disorders. ( Fathalla, AM; Moustafa, AA; Soliman, AM, 2018)
"Movement disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), chorea, tics, and Tourette's syndrome (TS) display sex differences in disease susceptibility, disease pathogenesis, and clinical presentation."	2.50	Sex differences in Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. ( Dahodwala, N; Smith, KM, 2014)
"Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and as such they represent major public health problems."	2.46	Caffeine protects against disruptions of the blood-brain barrier in animal models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. ( Chen, X; Geiger, JD; Ghribi, O, 2010)
"The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are primarily due to the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway."	2.46	Pathophysiological roles for purines: adenosine, caffeine and urate. ( Carta, AR; Kachroo, A; Morelli, M; Schwarzschild, MA, 2010)
"Caffeine is a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist that blocks 2 major types of adenosine receptors, A1AR and A2AAR, in the brain."	2.44	Adenosine and dopamine receptor interactions in striatum and caffeine-induced behavioral activation. ( Ramkumar, V; Toth, LA; Xie, X, 2007)
"Long-term L-dopa treatment of Parkinson's disease can lose its effectiveness and cause development of motor complications such as dyskinesia."	2.42	The adenosine A(2A) receptor as an attractive target for Parkinson's disease treatment. ( Chen, JF, 2003)
"Caffeine acts as an antagonist to both types of receptors."	2.42	Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action. ( Borgkvist, A; Fisone, G; Usiello, A, 2004)
"Nicotine has been shown in animals to stimulate the release of dopamine in the striatum, and to preserve nigral neurons and striatal dopamine levels in laboratory animals with lesioned nigrostriatal pathways."	2.41	Current evidence for neuroprotective effects of nicotine and caffeine against Parkinson's disease. ( Petrovitch, H; Ross, GW, 2001)
"Parkinson's disease is both a motor and non-motor disorder."	1.91	Rotenone induced olfactory deficit in Parkinson's disease rat model: The protective role of adenosine A ( Adeyeye, TA; Babatunde, BR; Johnson, VF; Shallie, PD, 2023)
" However, long-term administration of this approach is linked to several complications, and a definitive gold-standard therapy for PD is yet to be identified."	1.91	Caffeine alleviates anxiety-like behavior and brainstem lesions in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. ( Adeyeye, TA; Babatunde, BR; Ehireme, SE; Shallie, PD, 2023)
"Coffee intake can decrease the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD)."	1.72	Adenosine A ( Ishibashi, K; Ishii, K; Ishiwata, K; Miura, Y; Toyohara, J; Wagatsuma, K, 2022)
"26."	1.72	Sleep Disorders and Future Diagnosis of Parkinsonism: A Prospective Study Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. ( Pelletier, A; Postuma, RB; Wolfson, C; Yao, CW; Zolfaghari, S, 2022)
"The Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, the Hoehn & Yahr, the presence of motor complications, and levodopa equivalent dose (LED) were assessed and correlated with caffeine levels, absorption, and metabolism."	1.62	Salivary caffeine in Parkinson's disease. ( Belvisi, D; Berardelli, A; Ciogli, A; Conte, A; Costanzo, M; De Bartolo, MI; Fabbrini, A; Fabbrini, G; Leodori, G; Manetto, S; Villani, C, 2021)
"Caffeine (CA) is a common xanthine alkaloid found in tea leaves, coffee beans, and other natural plants, and is the most widely used psychotropic substance in the world."	1.56	Detection of caffeine and its main metabolites for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. ( Han, Y; Hu, S; Shi, H; Sun, Z; Wang, X; Xu, X; Xun, L; Yang, S, 2020)
"Caffeine has been considered a neuroprotective agent against Parkinson's disease (PD)."	1.48	Biomarker repurposing: Therapeutic drug monitoring of serum theophylline offers a potential diagnostic biomarker of Parkinson's disease. ( Ishii, R; Kasai, T; Kosaka, T; Mizuno, T; Ohmichi, T; Shikata, K; Shinomoto, M; Tatebe, H; Tokuda, T, 2018)
"Caffeine intake has been inversely associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk."	1.48	Interaction between caffeine and polymorphisms of glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A (GRIN2A) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) on Parkinson's disease risk. ( Ascherio, A; Betensky, RA; Gao, X; Hannan, MT; Hughes, KC; Kim, IY; McCullough, ML; O'Reilly, ÉJ; Schwarzschild, MA, 2018)
"Caffeine intake has been associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease (PD)."	1.46	Differences in Parkinson's Disease Risk with Caffeine Intake and Postmenopausal Hormone Use. ( Ascherio, A; Gao, X; Hughes, KC; Kim, IY; O'Reilly, ÉJ; Schwarzschild, MA, 2017)
"Caffeine consumption was associated with a reduced accrual of motor and non-motor disability during 4-year follow-up in de novo PD, highlighting the rationale for using adenosine A2A antagonists since the early phases of PD."	1.43	Caffeine consumption and the 4-year progression of de novo Parkinson's disease. ( Amboni, M; Barone, P; Erro, R; Longo, K; Moccia, M; Pellecchia, MT; Picillo, M; Vitale, C, 2016)
"Caffeine is a methylxanthine known as a non-specific inhibitor of adenosine (A2A and A1) receptors in the cerebrum and demonstrated to be a neuroprotective medication."	1.43	Dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of caffeine on a rotenone-induced rat model of parkinsonism: A histological study. ( Fathalla, AM; Moustafa, AA; Soliman, AM, 2016)
"A major feature of Parkinson's disease is the formation of Lewy bodies in dopaminergic neurons which consist of misfolded α-synuclein."	1.40	The use of nanopore analysis for discovering drugs which bind to α-synuclein for treatment of Parkinson's disease. ( Dmitriev, O; Kakish, J; Lee, JS; Nokhrin, S; Tavassoly, O, 2014)
"Caffeine is a methylxanthine known as a non-selective inhibitor of A2A and A1 adenosine receptors in the brain and shown to be a neuroprotective drug."	1.40	Caffeine neuroprotective effects on 6-OHDA-lesioned rats are mediated by several factors, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and histone deacetylase inhibitions. ( Cavalheiro, EA; Cerqueira, GS; Correia, AO; de Barros Viana, GS; de Castro Brito, GA; Machado-Filho, JA; Montenegro, AB; Naffah-Mazzacoratti, Mda G; Neves, KR; Nobre, ME, 2014)
"The objective of this study is to assess the effect of smoking and caffeine intake in the dosage of dopaminergic replacement therapy."	1.39	Caffeine drinking, cigarette smoking, and dopaminergic replacement therapy dose in Parkinson's disease. ( Cervantes-Arriaga, A; Corona, T; Ojeda-López, C; Rodríguez-Violante, M, 2013)
"Caffeine consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of Parkinson's disease (PD)."	1.38	Caffeine and risk of Parkinson's disease in a large cohort of men and women. ( Ascherio, A; Gao, X; Gapstur, S; McCullough, ML; Palacios, N; Schwarzschild, MA; Shah, R, 2012)
" A clear inverse dose-response relationship between total caffeine intake and PD risk was observed."	1.37	Intake of Japanese and Chinese teas reduces risk of Parkinson's disease. ( Fukushima, W; Fukuyama, H; Hirota, Y; Kawamura, N; Kiyohara, C; Miki, T; Miyake, Y; Nagai, M; Oeda, T; Sakae, N; Sasaki, S; Tanaka, K; Tsuboi, Y; Yamada, T, 2011)
"Caffeine was started at 200 mg daily and was increased to a maximum of 1,000 mg."	1.37	Caffeine in Parkinson's disease: a pilot open-label, dose-escalation study. ( Altman, RD; Lang, AE; Postuma, RB, 2011)
"Caffeine intake has been associated with a decreased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in men but the effect in women is less clear, and appears to be modified by use of post-menopausal estrogens."	1.36	Polymorphisms of caffeine metabolism and estrogen receptor genes and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women. ( Ascherio, A; Gao, X; Palacios, N; Schwarzschild, M; Simon, K; Weisskopf, M, 2010)
"Treatment with caffeine significantly increased locomotion reduced by haloperidol, but not at all doses tested."	1.35	Adenosine antagonists reverse the cataleptic effects of haloperidol: implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. ( Goode, T; Harris, A; Trevitt, J; Vallance, C, 2009)
"All 157 incident Parkinson's disease cases were identified either through follow-up interviews or via linkage with hospital discharge databases and Parkinson's disease outpatient registries and were confirmed by review of medical records."	1.35	Differential effects of black versus green tea on risk of Parkinson's disease in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. ( Au, WL; Koh, WP; Tan, EK; Tan, JH; Tan, LC; Wang, R; Yu, MC; Yuan, JM, 2008)
" Smoking and coffee exhibited significant inverse risk trends with increasing cumulative exposures, suggesting dose-response relations."	1.35	Combined effects of smoking, coffee, and NSAIDs on Parkinson's disease risk. ( Checkoway, H; Factor, SA; Griffith, A; Higgins, DS; Kay, DM; Leis, B; Martinez, ED; Montimurro, JS; Nutt, JG; Payami, H; Powers, KM; Roberts, JW; Samii, A; Zabetian, CP, 2008)
"Additional adjustment for insomnia, cognitive function, depressed mood, midlife cigarette smoking and coffee drinking, and other factors failed to alter the association between EDS and PD (OR = 2."	1.33	Excessive daytime sleepiness and subsequent development of Parkinson disease. ( Abbott, RD; Curb, JD; Masaki, KH; Nelson, JS; Petrovitch, H; Ross, GW; Tanner, CM; White, LR, 2005)
"Trihexyphenidyl (THP) is a drug commonly used to reduce parkinsonian symptoms."	1.32	Treatment with subthreshold doses of caffeine plus trihexyphenidyl fully restores locomotion and exploratory activity in reserpinized rats. ( Alvarez-Cervera, F; Arankowsky-Sandoval, G; Góngora-Alfaro, JL; Moo-Puc, RE; Villanueva-Toledo, J, 2004)
"Smoking appears to protect against Parkinson's disease (PD) and cigarette smoke induces CYP1A2 activity."	1.31	Parkinson's disease and CYP1A2 activity. ( Forsyth, JT; Grünewald, RA; Lennard, MS; Rostami-Hodjegan, A; Sagar, HJ; Tucker, GT, 2000)
"A reduced risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) among cigarette smokers has been observed consistently during the past 30 years."	1.31	Parkinson's disease risks associated with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and caffeine intake. ( Checkoway, H; Franklin, GM; Longstreth, WT; Powers, K; Smith-Weller, T; Swanson, PD, 2002)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	5 (3.27)	18.7374
1990's	3 (1.96)	18.2507
2000's	56 (36.60)	29.6817
2010's	65 (42.48)	24.3611
2020's	24 (15.69)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Caffeine as a Therapeutic Agent in Parkinson's Disease[NCT01738178]	Phase 3	119 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Completed
Evaluation of 5-[123I]-A-85380 and SPECT Imaging as a Marker of Nicotinic Receptor Density in the Brain of Parkinson Disease Subjects[NCT00397696]	Phase 2	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Parallel Group Study to Investigate the Effect of EGCG Supplementation on Disease Progression of Patients With Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)[NCT02008721]	Phase 3	92 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Neuroplastic Alterations of the Motor Cortex by Caffeine: Differences Between Caffeine and Non-caffeine Users and Influence of Vigilance During Stimulation[NCT04011670]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-15	Completed
Effect of Coffee and Tea Consumption on Adolescent Weight Control - a Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT05181176]		63 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Recruiting
Cortical Excitability Changes on the Sensorimotor Cortex Induced by Caffeine Consumption: A TMS Study[NCT03720665]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-01	Completed
The Parkinson's, Genes and Environment (PAGE) Study[NCT00367900]		3,100 participants (Actual)	Observational	2006-08-21	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
A Brewed Awakening: Neuropsychiatric Effects of Caffeine in Older Adults. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 2022, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Caffeine; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Psychotropic Drugs; Sleep Initiation a	2022
[Caffeine, Chocolate and Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease]. Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, 2023, Volume: 91, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Chocolate; Humans; Neurodegenerative Diseases;	2023
Life style and Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2022, Volume: 129, Issue:9 Topics: Caffeine; Exercise; Humans; Life Style; Parkinson Disease; Parkinsonian Disorders	2022
Glutathione-Mediated Neuroprotective Effect of Purine Derivatives. International journal of molecular sciences, 2023, Aug-22, Volume: 24, Issue:17 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Caffeine; Cysteine; Excitatory Amino Ac	2023
Potential new therapies against a toxic relationship: neuroinflammation and Parkinson's disease. Behavioural pharmacology, 2019, Volume: 30, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Caffeine; Cannabinoids; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Melatonin; N	2019
Modifiable risk and protective factors in disease development, progression and clinical subtypes of Parkinson's disease: What do prospective studies suggest? Neurobiology of disease, 2020, Volume: 134 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Caffeine; Disease Progression; Exercise; Humans; L	2020
The Effect of Caffeine on the Risk and Progression of Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 2020, Jun-22, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Humans; Levodopa; Parkinson Disease; Proporti	2020
Caffeine: An Overview of Its Beneficial Effects in Experimental Models and Clinical Trials of Parkinson's Disease. International journal of molecular sciences, 2020, Jul-04, Volume: 21, Issue:13 Topics: Alkaloids; alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neur	2020
Do caffeine and more selective adenosine A Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2020, Volume: 80 Suppl 1 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Neu	2020
Methylxanthines and Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Update. Nutrients, 2021, Feb-28, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Neurodegenerative Diseases	2021
A2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists as Therapeutic Candidates: Are They Still an Interesting Challenge? Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry, 2018, Volume: 18, Issue:14 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Caffeine; Dopamine Agents; Humans; Neo	2018
Adenosine role in brain functions: Pathophysiological influence on Parkinson's disease and other brain disorders. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2018, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine; Brain Diseases; Caffeine; Dopamine; Humans; Parkinson Disease	2018
Coffee: biochemistry and potential impact on health. Food & function, 2014, Volume: 5, Issue:8 Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Antioxidants; Caffeine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee; Diabe	2014
Sex differences in Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. Experimental neurology, 2014, Volume: 259 Topics: Androgens; Animals; Caffeine; Chorea Gravidarum; Dopamine; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Huntington Dis	2014
Caffeine as a lead compound for the design of therapeutic agents for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Current medicinal chemistry, 2015, Volume: 22, Issue:8 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Drug Design; Humans; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoam	2015
Caffeine; the Forgotten Potential for Parkinson's Disease. CNS & neurological disorders drug targets, 2017, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Drug Synergism; Humans; Levodopa; Parkinson Disease	2017
Epidemiology, environmental risk factors and genetics of Parkinson's disease. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 2017, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Pt 1 Topics: Age Distribution; Age of Onset; alpha-Synuclein; Caffeine; Causality; Gene-Environment Interaction;	2017
Caffeine protects against disruptions of the blood-brain barrier in animal models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2010, Volume: 20 Suppl 1 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Parkinson	2010
Caffeine exposure and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2010, Volume: 20 Suppl 1 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Cross-Sectional Studies; Databases, Factual; Hu	2010
Effects of caffeine in Parkinson's disease: from neuroprotection to the management of motor and non-motor symptoms. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2010, Volume: 20 Suppl 1 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Learning Disabilities; Models, Biological; Motor	2010
Genetics of caffeine consumption and responses to caffeine. Psychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 211, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Drinking Behavior; Humans; Park	2010
Pathophysiological roles for purines: adenosine, caffeine and urate. Progress in brain research, 2010, Volume: 183 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Caffeine; Dopamine; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Pa	2010
Genome-wide association analysis of coffee drinking suggests association with CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and NRCAM. Molecular psychiatry, 2012, Volume: 17, Issue:11 Topics: Antigens, Neoplasm; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Caffeine; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Line; Cof	2012
Caffeine intake, smoking, and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women. American journal of epidemiology, 2012, Jun-01, Volume: 175, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Coffee; Drinking Behavior; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Surveys; Humans; Logist	2012
Novel nondopaminergic targets for motor features of Parkinson's disease: review of recent trials. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Animals; Antiparkins	2013
Adenosine A2A antagonists: potential preventive and palliative treatment for Parkinson's disease. Experimental neurology, 2003, Volume: 184, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Central Nervo	2003
Adenosine-dopamine interactions: development of a concept and some comments on therapeutic possibilities. Neurology, 2003, Dec-09, Volume: 61, Issue:11 Suppl 6 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine	2003
Caffeinated clues from epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Neurology, 2003, Dec-09, Volume: 61, Issue:11 Suppl 6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Causality; Coffee; Cohort Studies; Female;	2003
The adenosine A(2A) receptor as an attractive target for Parkinson's disease treatment. Drug news & perspectives, 2003, Volume: 16, Issue:9 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Brain; Caffeine; Dopami	2003
Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2004, Volume: 61, Issue:7-8 Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Caffei	2004
[Connection between caffeine, adenosine receptors and dopamine. Coffee reduces the risk of Parkinson disease]. Lakartidningen, 2004, Aug-19, Volume: 101, Issue:34 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Parkinson Disea	2004
Therapeutic potential of adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2005, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Clin	2005
The role of early life environmental risk factors in Parkinson disease: what is the evidence? Environmental health perspectives, 2005, Volume: 113, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Caffeine; Coffee; Environmental Exposure; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; H	2005
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee	2006
Novel neuroprotection by caffeine and adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2006, Oct-25, Volume: 248, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Central Nervous System; Clinical Trials, Phase	2006
Caffeine analogs: biomedical impact. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2007, Volume: 64, Issue:16 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Asthma; Biomedical Research; Caffeine; Calcium; Central Nervous System Stimulants	2007
Adenosine and dopamine receptor interactions in striatum and caffeine-induced behavioral activation. Comparative medicine, 2007, Volume: 57, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Humans; Locomotion; Model	2007
Current evidence for neuroprotective effects of nicotine and caffeine against Parkinson's disease. Drugs & aging, 2001, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Nicotine; Parkinson Disease	2001
Caffeinated clues and the promise of adenosine A(2A) antagonists in PD. Neurology, 2002, Apr-23, Volume: 58, Issue:8 Topics: Age of Onset; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; Pur	2002

Article	Year
Caffeine and attentional control: improved and impaired performance in healthy older adults and Parkinson's disease according to task demands. Psychopharmacology, 2022, Volume: 239, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Cognition; Humans; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease; Reaction Time	2022
Caffeine as symptomatic treatment for Parkinson disease (Café-PD): A randomized trial. Neurology, 2017, Oct-24, Volume: 89, Issue:17 Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male;	2017
Caffeine for treatment of Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology, 2012, Aug-14, Volume: 79, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male;	2012
Caffeine consumption and risk of dyskinesia in CALM-PD. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzothiazoles; Caffeine; Cohort Stud	2013
Effects of caffeine on levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2006, Sep-12, Volume: 67, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies;	2006
Effects of caffeine on the freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2007, Apr-15, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffe	2007
Caffeine and the antiparkinsonian response to levodopa or piribedil. Neurology, 1975, Volume: 25, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	1975
Studies with bromocriptine: III. Concomitant administration of caffeine to patients with idiopathic parkinsonism. Neurology, 1976, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Bromocriptine; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergoli	1976

Article	Year
Dual inhibition of monoamine oxidase B and antagonism of the adenosine A(2A) receptor by (E,E)-8-(4-phenylbutadien-1-yl)caffeine analogues. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2008, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Butadienes; Caffeine; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine	2008
Sleep Disorders and Future Diagnosis of Parkinsonism: A Prospective Study Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2022, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aging; Caffeine; Canada; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male	2022
Adenosine A Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2022, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Receptor, Adenosine A2A	2022
Plasma Caffeine Levels and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients, 2022, Apr-19, Volume: 14, Issue:9 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Caffeine; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis	2022
Reply to "Risk reduction of Parkinson's disease by caffeinated beverage consumption". Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2022, Volume: 103 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Food; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Risk Reduction Behavior	2022
Risk reduction of Parkinson's disease by caffeinated beverage consumption. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2022, Volume: 103 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Food; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction Behavior	2022
Study of the Effects of Nicotine and Caffeine for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2023, Volume: 195, Issue:1 Topics: Caffeine; Dopamine; Humans; Mutation; Nicotine; Parkinson Disease; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases	2023
Rotenone induced olfactory deficit in Parkinson's disease rat model: The protective role of adenosine A Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 2023, Volume: 127 Topics: Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; R	2023
[Caffeine and Chocolate as New Options in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease?] Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, 2023, Volume: 91, Issue:6 Topics: Cacao; Caffeine; Chocolate; Humans; Parkinson Disease	2023
Synaptotagmin-1-dependent phasic axonal dopamine release is dispensable for basic motor behaviors in mice. Nature communications, 2023, 07-11, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Mice; Neostriatum; Niacinamide; Parkinson Dis	2023
Caffeine alleviates anxiety-like behavior and brainstem lesions in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 2023, Volume: 132 Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Male; Mesencephalon; Neuroprotective A	2023
Associations of Lower Caffeine Intake and Plasma Urate Levels with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease in the Harvard Biomarkers Study. Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2020, Volume: 10, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Eating; Female; Humans; M	2020
Detection of caffeine and its main metabolites for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Electrophoresis, 2020, Volume: 41, Issue:16-17 Topics: Caffeine; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Limit of Detec	2020
Salivary caffeine in Parkinson's disease. Scientific reports, 2021, 05-10, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Mental S	2021
Protective effect of caffeine and/or taurine on the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease: Behavioral and neurochemical evidence. Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2021, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine;	2021
Caffeine, creatine, GRIN2A and Parkinson's disease progression. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2017, Apr-15, Volume: 375 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Creatine; Disease Progression; Female; Gene-Environment Interaction; Genetic Predisp	2017
Comment: Caffeine and PD-Time to consider other interventions. Neurology, 2017, 10-24, Volume: 89, Issue:17 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Parkinson Disease	2017
Differences in Parkinson's Disease Risk with Caffeine Intake and Postmenopausal Hormone Use. Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2017, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Beverages; Caffeine; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studi	2017
Serum caffeine and metabolites are reliable biomarkers of early Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2018, 01-30, Volume: 90, Issue:5 Topics: 3-Iodobenzylguanidine; Aged; Biomarkers; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, Liquid; Cyt	2018
Caffeine and Parkinson disease: A possible diagnostic and pathogenic breakthrough. Neurology, 2018, 01-30, Volume: 90, Issue:5 Topics: Biomarkers; Caffeine; Humans; Parkinson Disease	2018
Interaction between caffeine and polymorphisms of glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A (GRIN2A) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) on Parkinson's disease risk. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2018, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Gene Frequency; Gen	2018
Biomarker repurposing: Therapeutic drug monitoring of serum theophylline offers a potential diagnostic biomarker of Parkinson's disease. PloS one, 2018, Volume: 13, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Hum	2018
Synergistic neuroprotection by coffee components eicosanoyl-5-hydroxytryptamide and caffeine in models of Parkinson's disease and DLB. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018, 12-18, Volume: 115, Issue:51 Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Coffee; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty Acids; Lewy Body Di	2018
The association between lifestyle factors and Parkinson's disease progression and mortality. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2019, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Caffeine; Coffee; Disease Progression; Exercise; Female; Humans; Life Style;	2019
Immunotherapy and the A2A Adenosine Receptor: A Confounding Brew. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2019, Volume: 106, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Caffeine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunotherapy; Lymph	2019
Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by selected phenylalkylcaffeine analogues. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:5 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Models, Molecular; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxida	2014
Caffeine neuroprotective effects on 6-OHDA-lesioned rats are mediated by several factors, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and histone deacetylase inhibitions. Behavioural brain research, 2014, May-01, Volume: 264 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Apomorphine; Brain; Caffeine; Cytokines;	2014
Caffeine interaction with glutamate receptor gene GRIN2A: Parkinson's disease in Swedish population. PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposit	2014
The use of nanopore analysis for discovering drugs which bind to α-synuclein for treatment of Parkinson's disease. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2014, Dec-17, Volume: 88 Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Binding Sites; Biological Products; Caffeine; Calorimetry; Drug Discovery; Humans;	2014
Lack of replication of the GRIN2A-by-coffee interaction in Parkinson disease. PLoS genetics, 2014, Volume: 10, Issue:11 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Denmark; DNA Replication; Gene-Environment Interaction; Genome-Wide Association St	2014
Lifestyle, family history, and risk of idiopathic Parkinson disease: a large Danish case-control study. American journal of epidemiology, 2015, May-15, Volume: 181, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol Drinking; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Denmark; Female; H	2015
Differential effect of caffeine intake in subjects with genetic susceptibility to Parkinson's Disease. Scientific reports, 2015, Nov-02, Volume: 5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Drinking; Female; Gene Frequency; Ge	2015
Dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of caffeine on a rotenone-induced rat model of parkinsonism: A histological study. Neuroscience letters, 2016, 06-03, Volume: 623 Topics: Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; P	2016
Quercetin, not caffeine, is a major neuroprotective component in coffee. Neurobiology of aging, 2016, Volume: 46 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Astrocytes; Caffeine; Cells, Cultured; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee; DNA Damage; Flav	2016
Behavior of α-synuclein-drug complexes during nanopore analysis with a superimposed AC field. Electrophoresis, 2017, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Caffeine; Electricity; Electrophoresis; Humans; Metformin; Models, Chemical; Nanopo	2017
Caffeine consumption and the 4-year progression of de novo Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2016, Volume: 32 Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Kaplan-Me	2016
Saturation Binding of Nicotine to Synthetic Neuromelanin Demonstrated by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Neurochemical research, 2016, Volume: 41, Issue:12 Topics: Caffeine; Cysteine; Dopamine; Iron; Melanins; Nicotine; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Polymerizati	2016
Coffee, caffeine-related genes, and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2008, Oct-30, Volume: 23, Issue:14 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Coffee; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; DNA	2008
The effects of systemic, intrastriatal, and intrapallidal injections of caffeine and systemic injections of A2A and A1 antagonists on forepaw stepping in the unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned rat. Psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 201, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents;	2009
Identification of zebrafish A2 adenosine receptors and expression in developing embryos. Gene expression patterns : GEP, 2009, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Base Seque	2009
[Caffeine in Parkinson's disease]. Medicina clinica, 2008, Nov-22, Volume: 131, Issue:18 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Parkinson Disease	2008
Reproductive factors, exogenous estrogen use, and risk of Parkinson's disease. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2009, Jul-15, Volume: 24, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Caffeine; Contraceptives, Oral; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Menopause; M	2009
Adenosine antagonists reverse the cataleptic effects of haloperidol: implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2009, Volume: 92, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Catalepsy; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Haloperidol; Male; Parkinson Disease	2009
[Coffee and mental health]. Atencion primaria, 2009, Volume: 41, Issue:10 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Mental Health; Parkinson Disease	2009
Nicotine- and caffeine-mediated changes in gene expression patterns of MPTP-lesioned mouse striatum: Implications in neuroprotection mechanism. Chemico-biological interactions, 2010, Apr-29, Volume: 185, Issue:2 Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Apoptosis; Base Sequence; Caffeine; Disease M	2010
Polymorphisms of caffeine metabolism and estrogen receptor genes and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2010, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Genet	2010
Decaffeinated coffee and nicotine-free tobacco provide neuroprotection in Drosophila models of Parkinson's disease through an NRF2-dependent mechanism. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2010, Apr-21, Volume: 30, Issue:16 Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Caffeine; Cells, Cultured; Coffee; Disease Models, Animal; D	2010
Adenosine A2A receptor signaling and golf assembly show a specific requirement for the gamma7 subtype in the striatum. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010, Sep-24, Volume: 285, Issue:39 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Corpus Striatum; GTP-Binding	2010
Can dietary substances protect against Parkinson's disease? The case of caffeine. Experimental neurology, 2010, Volume: 225, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Parkinson Disease	2010
Deletion of adenosine A₁ or A(₂A) receptors reduces L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia in a model of Parkinson's disease. Brain research, 2011, Jan-07, Volume: 1367 Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal;	2011
Caffeine and Parkinson's disease: are we getting our fix on risk-modifying gene-environment interactions? European journal of neurology, 2011, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Caffeine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Neuropro	2011
Coffee, ADORA2A, and CYP1A2: the caffeine connection in Parkinson's disease. European journal of neurology, 2011, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Genetic Predi	2011
Intake of Japanese and Chinese teas reduces risk of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2011, Volume: 17, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Asian People; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; China; Coffee; Diet; Female; Humans; Japan; Male	2011
An attempt to replicate interaction between coffee and CYP1A2 gene in connection to Parkinson's disease. European journal of neurology, 2011, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Caffeine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Neuropro	2011
Caffeine in Parkinson's disease: a pilot open-label, dose-escalation study. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2011, Volume: 26, Issue:13 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Middle Aged; Par	2011
Delayed caffeine treatment prevents nigral dopamine neuron loss in a progressive rat model of Parkinson's disease. Experimental neurology, 2012, Volume: 234, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dopaminergic Neurons; Ma	2012
Adenosine A2A receptor gene disruption protects in an α-synuclein model of Parkinson's disease. Annals of neurology, 2012, Volume: 71, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Gene	2012
Caffeine in Parkinson's disease: comment on its importance and the dose proposal. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2012, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Caffeine; Humans; Parkinson Disease	2012
Alteration in the progression of dopamine neuron degeneration: may caffeine offer new perspective? Experimental neurology, 2012, Volume: 237, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Parkinson Disease; Substantia Nig	2012
An exploratory analysis on gene-environment interactions for Parkinson disease. Neurobiology of aging, 2012, Volume: 33, Issue:10 Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Caffeine; Female; Gene-Environment Interaction; Genetic Loci; Genetic Predisposi	2012
Coffee and health. The latest buzz. Mayo Clinic health letter (English ed.), 2012, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Blood Pressure; Bone and Bones; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coff	2012
Caffeine in Parkinson disease: better for cruise control than snooze patrol? Neurology, 2012, Aug-14, Volume: 79, Issue:7 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease	2012
Caffeine and risk of Parkinson's disease in a large cohort of men and women. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2012, Sep-01, Volume: 27, Issue:10 Topics: Beverages; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Inci	2012
Caffeine drinking, cigarette smoking, and dopaminergic replacement therapy dose in Parkinson's disease. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzothiazoles; Caffeine; Dopamine Agonists; Female; Humans; Male; Middl	2013
[Coffee can protect against disease]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2012, Sep-24, Volume: 174, Issue:39 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Anxiety; Caffeine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Coffee; Cognition; Diabetes Mellitus,	2012
Lack of association between BST1 polymorphisms and sporadic Parkinson's disease in a Japanese population. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2012, Dec-15, Volume: 323, Issue:1-2 Topics: ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; Age of Onset; Aged; Antigens, CD; Asian People; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies;	2012
Effects of adenosine receptor antagonists on the in vivo LPS-induced inflammation model of Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicity research, 2013, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine	2013
Parkinson's disease: promising strategies to tame symptoms. The Johns Hopkins medical letter health after 50, 2012, Volume: 24, Issue:10 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Exercise; Humans; Parkinson	2012
Caffeine, postmenopausal estrogen, and risk of Parkinson's disease. Neurology, 2003, Mar-11, Volume: 60, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcohol Drinking; Beverages; Caffeine; Coffee; Cohort Studies; Contraceptives,	2003
Tobacco, coffee, and Parkinson's disease. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2003, Mar-15, Volume: 326, Issue:7389 Topics: Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Dopamine; Ganglionic Stimulants; Nicotiana; Nic	2003
Alcohol consumption and the incidence of Parkinson's disease. Annals of neurology, 2003, Volume: 54, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Beer; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cohort Studies; Fe	2003
Dose-dependent protective effect of coffee, tea, and smoking in Parkinson's disease: a study in ethnic Chinese. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2003, Dec-15, Volume: 216, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; China; Coffee; Dose-Re	2003
A2A receptors in neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons. Neurology, 2003, Dec-09, Volume: 61, Issue:11 Suppl 6 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Respons	2003
Caffeine as a neuroprotective adenosine receptor antagonist. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2004, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Ca	2004
Treatment with subthreshold doses of caffeine plus trihexyphenidyl fully restores locomotion and exploratory activity in reserpinized rats. Neuroscience letters, 2004, Sep-09, Volume: 367, Issue:3 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Diseas	2004
Coffee: for most, it's safe. Coffee has been blamed for everything from moral turpitude to cancer. But none of the bad raps have stuck. Coffee may even be good for you. Harvard women's health watch, 2004, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Caffeine; Cardiovascular System; Coffee; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Homocysteine; Humans; Li	2004
Excessive daytime sleepiness and subsequent development of Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2005, Nov-08, Volume: 65, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Brain; Caffeine; Causality; Cognition Disorders; Cohort Studies; Com	2005
Relationship between impulsive sensation seeking traits, smoking, alcohol and caffeine intake, and Parkinson's disease. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 77, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol Drinking; Arousal; Caffeine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Human	2006
A new approach to Parkinson's disease combining caffeine, methylphenidate, and anticholinergic agents: case histories, pharmacological data, and a conceptual framework from traditional Chinese medicine. Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi, 2006, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Drug Therapy, Combin	2006
Neuroprotective effects of caffeine in the model of 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2006, Volume: 84, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Brain; Brain Diseases; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Male	2006
Smoking, caffeine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in families with Parkinson disease. Archives of neurology, 2007, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Beverages; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; F	2007
Prospective study of coffee consumption and risk of Parkinson's disease. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2008, Volume: 62, Issue:7 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Caffeine; Coffee; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hu	2008
Risk factors for Parkinson's disease and impaired olfaction in relatives of patients with Parkinson's disease. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2007, Nov-15, Volume: 22, Issue:15 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Family; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Olfaction Disorders; Pa	2007
Combined effects of smoking, coffee, and NSAIDs on Parkinson's disease risk. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee;	2008
Association between caffeine intake and risk of Parkinson's disease among fast and slow metabolizers. Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 2007, Volume: 17, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Case-Control Studies; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Coffee; Cytochrome P-450 CY	2007
Differential effects of black versus green tea on risk of Parkinson's disease in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. American journal of epidemiology, 2008, Mar-01, Volume: 167, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; China; Drinking Behavior; Epidemiologic Studies; Female; Humans; Interviews as Topic	2008
CSC, an adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist and MAO B inhibitor, reverses behavior, monoamine neurotransmission, and amino acid alterations in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Brain research, 2008, Jan-29, Volume: 1191 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Monoamines; Caffeine; Disease Mo	2008
Caffeine activates the PI3K/Akt pathway and prevents apoptotic cell death in a Parkinson's disease model of SH-SY5Y cells. Neuroscience letters, 2008, Feb-20, Volume: 432, Issue:2 Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Apoptosis; Caffeine; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytoprotection; Dose-Response Relations	2008
Are adenosine antagonists, such as istradefylline, caffeine, and chocolate, useful in the treatment of Parkinson's disease? Annals of neurology, 2008, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Cacao; Caffeine; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Purines; Randomized C	2008
Repeated co-administration of caffeine and bromocriptine prevents tolerance to the effects of caffeine in the turning behavior animal model. European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 1999, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bromocriptine; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimul	1999
Effects of SCH 58261, an adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist, on quinpirole-induced turning in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Lack of tolerance after chronic caffeine intake. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Cen	2000
Coffee debate still percolating. Health news (Waltham, Mass.), 2000, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Female; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease	2000
Does coffee protect against the development of Parkinson disease (PD)? The Journal of family practice, 2000, Volume: 49, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Coffee; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinso	2000
A cappuccino a day ... caffeine may ward off Parkinson's disease. U.S. news & world report, 2000, Jun-05, Volume: 128, Issue:22 Topics: Aged; Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease	2000
Relationship between caffeine intake and Parkinson disease. JAMA, 2000, Sep-20, Volume: 284, Issue:11 Topics: Caffeine; Coffee; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Risk Factors	2000
Parkinson's disease and CYP1A2 activity. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2000, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Caffeine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged	2000
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caffeine and Idiopathic Parkinson Disease

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (153)

Authors

Clinical Trials (7)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Pretorius, J	1
Malan, SF	1
Castagnoli, N	1
Bergh, JJ	2
Petzer, JP	3
Zolfaghari, S	1
Yao, CW	1
Wolfson, C	1
Pelletier, A	3
Postuma, RB	4
Kim, E	1
Robinson, NM	1
Newman, BM	1
Ishibashi, K	1
Miura, Y	2
Wagatsuma, K	1
Toyohara, J	1
Ishiwata, K	1
Ishii, K	1
Sharma, K	1
Fallon, SJ	1
Davis, T	1
Ankrett, S	1
Munro, G	1
Christopher, G	1
Coulthard, E	1
Larsson, SC	1
Woolf, B	1
Gill, D	1
Reichmann, H	2
Csoti, I	1
Koschel, J	1
Lorenzl, S	1
Schrader, C	1
Winkler, J	1
Wüllner, U	1
Belvisi, D	3
Costanzo, M	2
Pellicciari, R	2
Modugno, N	1
Nicoletti, A	1
Fabbrini, G	3
Tinazzi, M	2
Defazio, G	2
Berardelli, A	3
Kawada, T	1
Biswas, S	1
Bagchi, A	1
Babatunde, BR	2
Adeyeye, TA	2
Johnson, VF	1
Shallie, PD	2
Köglsperger, T	1
Dieterich, M	1
Delignat-Lavaud, B	1
Kano, J	1
Ducrot, C	1
Massé, I	1
Mukherjee, S	1
Giguère, N	1
Moquin, L	1
Lévesque, C	1
Burke, S	1
Denis, R	1
Bourque, MJ	1
Tchung, A	1
Rosa-Neto, P	1
Lévesque, D	1
De Beaumont, L	1
Trudeau, LÉ	1
Ehireme, SE	1
Matsumura, N	1
Aoyama, K	1
Rodrigues, LS	1
Fagotti, J	1
D S Targa, A	1
D Noseda, AC	1
L Ilkiwa, J	1
Chuproski, AP	1
W C Dorieux, F	1
D Dos Santos, P	1
M S Lima, M	1
Bakshi, R	1
Macklin, EA	1
Hung, AY	1
Hayes, MT	1
Hyman, BT	1
Wills, AM	3
Gomperts, SN	1
Growdon, JH	1
Ascherio, A	11
Scherzer, CR	1
Schwarzschild, MA	14
Han, Y	1
Xun, L	1
Wang, X	1
Yang, S	1
Sun, Z	1
Shi, H	1
Xu, X	1
Hu, S	1
Hong, CT	1
Chan, L	1
Bai, CH	1
Schepici, G	1
Silvestro, S	1
Bramanti, P	1
Mazzon, E	1
Chen, JF	6
Janitschke, D	1
Lauer, AA	1
Bachmann, CM	1
Grimm, HS	1
Hartmann, T	1
Grimm, MOW	1
Leodori, G	1
De Bartolo, MI	1
Ciogli, A	1
Fabbrini, A	1
Manetto, S	1
Conte, A	1
Villani, C	1
Abuirmeileh, AN	1
Abuhamdah, SM	1
Ashraf, A	1
Alzoubi, KH	1
Simon, DK	1
Wu, C	1
Tilley, BC	1
Lohmann, K	1
Klein, C	1
Payami, H	3
Aminoff, MJ	1
Bainbridge, J	1
Dewey, R	1
Hauser, RA	1
Schaake, S	1
Schneider, JS	1
Sharma, S	1
Singer, C	1
Tanner, CM	4
Truong, D	1
Wei, P	1
Wong, PS	1
Yang, T	1
Hall, CB	1
Anang, J	1
Joseph, L	1
Moscovich, M	2
Grimes, D	1
Furtado, S	1
Munhoz, RP	2
Appel-Cresswell, S	1
Moro, A	1
Borys, A	1
Hobson, D	1
Lang, AE	4
Kim, IY	2
O'Reilly, ÉJ	2
Hughes, KC	2
Gao, X	5
Fujimaki, M	1
Saiki, S	1
Li, Y	1
Kaga, N	1
Taka, H	1
Hatano, T	1
Ishikawa, KI	1
Oji, Y	1
Mori, A	1
Okuzumi, A	1
Koinuma, T	1
Ueno, SI	1
Imamichi, Y	1
Ueno, T	1
Funayama, M	1
Hattori, N	1
Munoz, DG	1
Fujioka, S	1
McCullough, ML	2
Hannan, MT	1
Betensky, RA	1
Cacciari, B	1
Spalluto, G	1
Federico, S	1
Soliman, AM	2
Fathalla, AM	2
Moustafa, AA	2
Ohmichi, T	1
Kasai, T	1
Kosaka, T	1
Shikata, K	1
Tatebe, H	1
Ishii, R	1
Shinomoto, M	1
Mizuno, T	1
Tokuda, T	1
Yan, R	1
Zhang, J	1
Park, HJ	1
Park, ES	1
Oh, S	1
Zheng, H	1
Junn, E	1
Voronkov, M	1
Stock, JB	1
Mouradian, MM	1
Paul, KC	1
Chuang, YH	1
Shih, IF	1
Keener, A	1
Bordelon, Y	1
Bronstein, JM	1
Ritz, B	4
Strohbehn, GW	1
Ratain, MJ	1
Petzer, A	2
Grobler, P	1
Machado-Filho, JA	1
Correia, AO	1
Montenegro, AB	1
Nobre, ME	1
Cerqueira, GS	1
Neves, KR	1
Naffah-Mazzacoratti, Mda G	1
Cavalheiro, EA	1
de Castro Brito, GA	1
de Barros Viana, GS	1
Ludwig, IA	1
Clifford, MN	1
Lean, ME	1
Ashihara, H	1
Crozier, A	1
Smith, KM	1
Dahodwala, N	1
Yamada-Fowler, N	1
Fredrikson, M	1
Söderkvist, P	1
Tavassoly, O	1
Kakish, J	1
Nokhrin, S	1
Dmitriev, O	1
Lee, JS	2
Ahmed, I	1
Lee, PC	1
Lill, CM	1
Searles Nielsen, S	1
Artaud, F	1
Gallagher, LG	1
Loriot, MA	1
Mulot, C	1
Nacfer, M	1
Liu, T	1
Biernacka, JM	1
Armasu, S	1
Anderson, K	1
Farin, FM	1
Lassen, CF	2
Hansen, J	2
Olsen, JH	2
Bertram, L	1
Maraganore, DM	2
Checkoway, H	3
Elbaz, A	1
Kenborg, L	1
Andersen, KK	1
Christensen, J	1
Schernhammer, ES	1
Wermuth, L	1
Rod, NH	1
Kumar, PM	1
Paing, SS	1
Li, H	1
Pavanni, R	2
Yuen, Y	2
Zhao, Y	3
Tan, EK	4
Lee, M	1
McGeer, EG	1
McGeer, PL	1
Jakova, E	1
Moccia, M	1
Erro, R	1
Picillo, M	1
Vitale, C	1
Longo, K	1
Amboni, M	1
Pellecchia, MT	1
Barone, P	1
Haining, RL	1
Jones, TM	1
Hernandez, A	1
Negida, A	1
Elfil, M	1
Farahat, E	1
Gabr, M	1
Essam, A	1
Attia, D	1
Ahmed, H	1
Delamarre, A	1
Meissner, WG	1
Facheris, MF	1
Schneider, NK	1
Lesnick, TG	1
de Andrade, M	1
Cunningham, JM	1
Rocca, WA	1
Kelsey, JE	1
Langelier, NA	1
Oriel, BS	1
Reedy, C	1
Boehmler, W	1
Petko, J	1
Woll, M	1
Frey, C	1
Thisse, B	1
Thisse, C	1
Canfield, VA	1
Levenson, R	1
Ferré, S	1
Simon, KC	1
Chen, H	6
Trevitt, J	1
Vallance, C	1
Harris, A	1
Goode, T	1
Franco, R	1
Chen, X	1
Ghribi, O	1
Geiger, JD	1
Costa, J	1
Lunet, N	1
Santos, C	1
Santos, J	1
Vaz-Carneiro, A	1
Prediger, RD	1
Singh, K	1
Singh, S	1
Singhal, NK	1
Sharma, A	1
Parmar, D	1
Singh, MP	1
Palacios, N	2
Weisskopf, M	1
Simon, K	1
Schwarzschild, M	2
Trinh, K	1
Andrews, L	1
Krause, J	1
Hanak, T	1
Lee, D	1
Gelb, M	1
Pallanck, L	1
Yang, A	1
Palmer, AA	1
de Wit, H	1
Schwindinger, WF	1
Mihalcik, LJ	1
Giger, KE	1
Betz, KS	1
Stauffer, AM	1
Linden, J	1
Herve, D	1
Robishaw, JD	1
Morelli, M	4
Simola, N	2
Carta, AR	1
Kachroo, A	2
Xiao, D	1
Cassin, JJ	1
Healy, B	1
Burdett, TC	1
Fredholm, BB	3
Mellick, GD	1
Ross, OA	1
Popat, RA	1
Van Den Eeden, SK	1
Kamel, F	1
Umbach, DM	1
Marder, K	1
Mayeux, R	1
Ross, GW	3
Petrovitch, H	3
Topol, B	1
McGuire, V	1
Costello, S	1
Manthripragada, AD	1
Southwick, A	1
Myers, RM	1
Nelson, LM	1
Tanaka, K	2
Miyake, Y	2
Fukushima, W	2
Sasaki, S	2
Kiyohara, C	2
Tsuboi, Y	2
Yamada, T	2
Oeda, T	2
Miki, T	1
Kawamura, N	2
Sakae, N	2
Fukuyama, H	2
Hirota, Y	2
Nagai, M	2
Hill-Burns, EM	1
Hamza, TH	1
Zabetian, CP	2
Factor, SA	2
Amin, N	1
Byrne, E	1
Johnson, J	1
Chenevix-Trench, G	1
Walter, S	1
Nolte, IM	1
Vink, JM	1
Rawal, R	1
Mangino, M	1
Teumer, A	1
Keers, JC	1
Verwoert, G	1
Baumeister, S	1
Biffar, R	1
Petersmann, A	1
Dahmen, N	1
Doering, A	1
Isaacs, A	1
Broer, L	1
Wray, NR	1
Montgomery, GW	1
Levy, D	1
Psaty, BM	1
Gudnason, V	1
Chakravarti, A	1
Sulem, P	1
Gudbjartsson, DF	1
Kiemeney, LA	1
Thorsteinsdottir, U	1
Stefansson, K	1
van Rooij, FJ	1
Aulchenko, YS	1
Hottenga, JJ	1
Rivadeneira, FR	1
Hofman, A	1
Uitterlinden, AG	1
Hammond, CJ	1
Shin, SY	1
Ikram, A	1
Witteman, JC	1
Janssens, AC	1
Snieder, H	1
Tiemeier, H	1
Wolfenbuttel, BH	1
Oostra, BA	1
Heath, AC	1
Wichmann, E	1
Spector, TD	1
Grabe, HJ	1
Boomsma, DI	1
Martin, NG	1
van Duijn, CM	1
Altman, RD	1
Sonsalla, PK	1
Wong, LY	1
Harris, SL	1
Richardson, JR	1
Khobahy, I	1
Li, W	1
Gadad, BS	1
German, DC	1
Kitagawa, M	2
Houzen, H	2
Tashiro, K	2
Liu, R	1
Guo, X	1
Park, Y	1
Huang, X	2
Sinha, R	1
Freedman, ND	1
Hollenbeck, AR	1
Blair, A	1
Frau, L	1
Gao, J	1
Nalls, MA	1
Shi, M	1
Joubert, BR	1
Hernandez, DG	1
Hollenbeck, A	1
Singleton, AB	1
Charland, K	1
Filla, L	1
Zanatta, D	1
Rios Romenets, S	1
Altman, R	1
Chuang, R	1
Shah, B	1
Shah, R	1
Gapstur, S	1
Ojeda-López, C	1
Cervantes-Arriaga, A	1
Rodríguez-Violante, M	1
Corona, T	1
Hermansen, K	1
Krogholm, KS	1
Bech, BH	1
Dragsted, LO	1
Hyldstrup, L	1
Jørgensen, K	1
Larsen, ML	1
Tjønneland, AM	1
Shimada, H	1
Kalia, LV	1
Brotchie, JM	1
Fox, SH	1
Gołembiowska, K	1
Wardas, J	1
Noworyta-Sokołowska, K	1
Kamińska, K	1
Górska, A	1
Eberly, S	1
Tennis, M	1
Messing, S	1
Togasaki, D	1
Kamp, C	1
Oakes, D	1
McDermott, MP	1
Zhang, SM	2
Colditz, GA	2
Speizer, FE	2
Gale, C	2
Martyn, C	1
Hernán, MA	2
Tan, C	1
Fook-Chong, SM	2
Lum, SY	1
Chai, A	1
Chung, H	1
Shen, H	1
Teoh, ML	1
Yih, Y	1
Chandran, VR	1
Wong, MC	1
Svenningsson, P	1
Pedata, F	1
Pugliese, AM	1
Melani, A	1
Gianfriddo, M	1
Dall'Igna, OP	1
Souza, DO	1
Lara, DR	1
Fisone, G	1
Borgkvist, A	1
Usiello, A	1
Moo-Puc, RE	1
Villanueva-Toledo, J	1
Arankowsky-Sandoval, G	1
Alvarez-Cervera, F	1
Góngora-Alfaro, JL	1
Xu, K	1
Bastia, E	1
Logroscino, G	1
Abbott, RD	1
White, LR	1
Masaki, KH	1
Nelson, JS	1
Curb, JD	1
Evans, AH	1
Lawrence, AD	1
Potts, J	1
MacGregor, L	1
Katzenschlager, R	1
Shaw, K	1
Zijlmans, J	1
Lees, AJ	1
Higdon, JV	1
Frei, B	1
Alisky, JM	1
Kalda, A	1
Yu, L	1
Oztas, E	1
Aguiar, LM	2
Nobre, HV	1
Macêdo, DS	2
Oliveira, AA	2
Freitas, RM	1
Vasconcelos, SM	2
Cunha, GM	1
Sousa, FC	1
Viana, GS	2
Deleu, D	1
Jacob, P	1
Chand, P	1
Sarre, S	1
Colwell, A	1
Hancock, DB	1
Martin, ER	1
Stajich, JM	1
Jewett, R	1
Stacy, MA	1
Scott, BL	1
Vance, JM	1
Scott, WK	1
Daly, JW	1
Sääksjärvi, K	1
Knekt, P	1
Rissanen, H	1
Laaksonen, MA	1
Reunanen, A	1
Männistö, S	1
Siderowf, A	1
Jennings, D	1
Connolly, J	1
Doty, RL	1
Marek, K	1
Stern, MB	1
Powers, KM	1
Kay, DM	1
Higgins, DS	1
Samii, A	1
Nutt, JG	1
Griffith, A	1
Leis, B	1
Roberts, JW	1
Martinez, ED	1
Montimurro, JS	1
Chua, E	1
Teo, YY	1
Tan, L	1
Tan, LC	1
Koh, WP	1
Yuan, JM	1
Wang, R	1
Au, WL	1
Tan, JH	1
Yu, MC	1
de Sousa, FC	1
Nakaso, K	1
Ito, S	1
Nakashima, K	1
Xie, X	1
Ramkumar, V	1
Toth, LA	1
Jankovic, J	1
Casas, M	1
Prat, G	1
Robledo, P	1
Barbanoj, M	1
Kulisevsky, J	1
Jané, F	1
Popoli, P	1
Reggio, R	1
Pèzzola, A	1
Atkinson, HG	1
Hern, T	1
Newton, W	1
Sobel, RK	1
Honig, LS	1
Forsyth, JT	1
Grünewald, RA	1
Rostami-Hodjegan, A	1
Lennard, MS	1
Sagar, HJ	1
Tucker, GT	1
Kanda, A	1
Ebihara, S	1
Arai, H	1
Takeda, A	1
Sasaki, H	1
Sadekov, RA	1
Paganini-Hill, A	1
Kawachi, I	1
Willett, WC	1
Powers, K	1
Smith-Weller, T	1
Franklin, GM	1
Longstreth, WT	1
Swanson, PD	1
Shoulson, I	3
Chase, T	1
Kartzinel, R	1
Calne, DB	1
Chase, TN	1
Nakajima, S	1
Otsuka, K	1
Yamanaka, T	1
Omori, K	1
Kubo, Y	1
Toyoshima, T	1
Watanabe, Y	1
Watanabe, H	1
Carey, RJ	1
Koller, W	1
Cone, S	1
Herbster, G	1
Arushanian, EB	1
Stoliarov, GV	1
Tolpyshev, BA	1