caffeine and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia studies

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION, MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN). Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar number, and formation of CYSTS.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Caffeine is widely used to prevent and treat apnea (temporal cessation of breathing) associated with prematurity and facilitate extubation."	9.41	Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity. ( Brattström, P; Bruschettini, M; Davis, PG; Onland, W; Russo, C; Soll, R, 2023)
"To assess the effects of caffeine compared to aminophylline or theophylline in preterm infants at risk of apnea, with apnea, or in the peri-extubation phase."	9.41	Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants. ( Bruschettini, M; Marques, KA; Moresco, L; Sjögren, A; Soll, R, 2023)
"This study aims to investigate the preventive effects of caffeine citrate on cytokine profile and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with apnea."	9.34	Influence of prevention of caffeine citrate on cytokine profile and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with apnea. ( Gao, Z; Han, D; Kou, C; Li, Z; Liu, Z; Wu, W; Zhang, Y, 2020)
" Caffeine is used not only for the treatment of apnea in prematurity, but also for the prevention of BPD."	9.22	Caffeine and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Clinical benefits and the mechanisms involved. ( Dong, W; Lei, X; Yang, Y; Yuan, Y, 2022)
"Methylxanthines reduce the frequency of apnea of prematurity and the need for mechanical ventilation during the first seven days of therapy."	9.12	Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. ( Barrington, KJ; Davis, P; Doyle, LW; Ohlsson, A; Roberts, RS; Schmidt, B; Solimano, A; Tin, W, 2006)
"The effects of caffeine upon pulmonary mechanics were measured in 16 infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)."	9.06	Changes in pulmonary mechanics following caffeine administration in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ( Bhutani, VK; Davis, JM; Fox, WW; Spitzer, AR; Stefano, JL, 1989)
"Caffeine reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)."	8.98	Optimizing Caffeine Use and Risk of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Methodology. ( Pakvasa, MA; Patel, RM; Saroha, V, 2018)
"Prematurity apnea remains a major clinical problem that requires treatment choices which are sometimes difficult."	8.86	[Apnea of prematurity: what's new?]. ( El Ayoubi, M; Lescure, S; Lopez, E; Moriette, G, 2010)
"Extremely premature neonates with a lower birth weight may require a higher weight-based caffeine dosing due to their higher weight-adjusted clearance and shorter half-lives."	8.31	Caffeine dosing in premature neonates: impact of birth weight on a pharmacokinetic simulation study. ( Johnson, PN; Lim, SY; May, CB; Miller, JL, 2023)
"Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature neonates."	7.91	Caffeine is associated with improved alveolarization and angiogenesis in male mice following hyperoxia induced lung injury. ( Dumpa, V; Kumar, VHS; Nielsen, L; Wang, H, 2019)
"In addition to the pharmacological antagonism of adenosine receptors, caffeine appears to be a potent antioxidant and modulates the hyperoxia-induced pulmonary oxidative stress response and thus protective properties in the BPD-associated animal model."	7.91	Antioxidative effects of caffeine in a hyperoxia-based rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ( Bührer, C; Endesfelder, S; Scheuer, T; Schmitz, T; Strauß, E, 2019)
"To study the clinical effect of early or late administration of caffeine citrate in the prevention and treatment of apnea in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants."	7.88	[Clinical effect of early or late administration of caffeine citrate in prevention and treatment of apnea in very low birth weight infants]. ( Chen, X; Cheng, R; Feng, Y; Mao, XN; Qiu, J; Zhao, L, 2018)
"Caffeine is widely used to manage apnea of prematurity, and reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)."	7.85	Caffeine administration modulates TGF-β signaling but does not attenuate blunted alveolarization in a hyperoxia-based mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ( Agius, R; Herold, S; Hühn, S; Mayer, K; Mižíková, I; Morty, RE; Nardiello, C; Rath, P; Runkel, F; Seeger, W; Surate Solaligue, DE; Vadász, I, 2017)
"In preterm rabbits, caffeine reduces the functional, architectural and inflammatory pulmonary changes induced by hyperoxia in the lung."	7.83	Caffeine Prevents Hyperoxia-Induced Functional and Structural Lung Damage in Preterm Rabbits. ( Allegaert, K; Croubels, S; De Baere, S; Deprest, JA; Jiménez, J; Nagatomo, T; Naulaers, G; Richter, J; Toelen, J; Vanoirbeek, J, 2016)
"To determine if an early commencement of caffeine is associated with improved survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants."	7.80	Early caffeine therapy for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. ( Aghai, ZH; Dysart, KC; Genen, L; Greenspan, JS; Kirkby, S; Nawab, U; Taha, D, 2014)
" Caffeine is widely used to prevent and treat apnea (temporal cessation of breathing) associated with prematurity and facilitate extubation."	5.41	Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity. ( Brattström, P; Bruschettini, M; Davis, PG; Onland, W; Russo, C; Soll, R, 2023)
"To assess the effects of caffeine compared to aminophylline or theophylline in preterm infants at risk of apnea, with apnea, or in the peri-extubation phase."	5.41	Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants. ( Bruschettini, M; Marques, KA; Moresco, L; Sjögren, A; Soll, R, 2023)
"This study aims to investigate the preventive effects of caffeine citrate on cytokine profile and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with apnea."	5.34	Influence of prevention of caffeine citrate on cytokine profile and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with apnea. ( Gao, Z; Han, D; Kou, C; Li, Z; Liu, Z; Wu, W; Zhang, Y, 2020)
" Caffeine is used not only for the treatment of apnea in prematurity, but also for the prevention of BPD."	5.22	Caffeine and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Clinical benefits and the mechanisms involved. ( Dong, W; Lei, X; Yang, Y; Yuan, Y, 2022)
"Methylxanthines reduce the frequency of apnea of prematurity and the need for mechanical ventilation during the first seven days of therapy."	5.12	Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. ( Barrington, KJ; Davis, P; Doyle, LW; Ohlsson, A; Roberts, RS; Schmidt, B; Solimano, A; Tin, W, 2006)
" EBPCS is defined as the management of the VPIs during the perinatal period which would include antenatal counseling with team briefing and share decision making, treat the chorioamnionitis, antenatal MgS04, antenatal steroid, delayed cord clamping/milking, neonatal resuscitation team preparation, prevention of hypothermia, immediate respiratory support with continuous positive airway pressure at delivery room, less invasive surfactant administration, early surfactant with budesonide therapy, support of cardiovascular system, early initiate of probiotics administration, early caffeine, early parenteral and enteral nutrition, promptly initiating antibiotics."	5.05	Evidence base multi-discipline critical strategies toward better tomorrow for very preterm infants. ( Chen, YT; Chiu, HY; Chu, SM; Lin, HC; Lin, HY; Tsai, ML, 2020)
" In the large international Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity trial, caffeine improved survival without neurodevelopmental disability at 18 months and demonstrated long term safety up to 11 years."	5.05	Neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal caffeine therapy. ( Grunau, RE; Synnes, A, 2020)
"Caffeine is an effective treatment for apnea of prematurity and has several important benefits, including decreasing respiratory morbidity and motor impairment."	5.05	Caffeine for preterm infants: Fixed standard dose, adjustments for age or high dose? ( Patel, RM; Saroha, V, 2020)
"Placebo-controlled trials have shown that caffeine is highly effective in treating apnoea of prematurity and reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)."	4.98	High versus standard dose caffeine for apnoea: a systematic review. ( Hutten, GJ; Miedema, M; Onland, W; van Kaam, AH; Vliegenthart, R, 2018)
"Caffeine reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)."	4.98	Optimizing Caffeine Use and Risk of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Methodology. ( Pakvasa, MA; Patel, RM; Saroha, V, 2018)
"Caffeine use in preterm infants has endured several paradigms: from standard of care to possible neurotoxin to one of the few medications for which there is evidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) risk reduction."	4.98	Caffeine controversies. ( Carlo, WA; Gentle, SJ; Travers, CP, 2018)
"The findings suggest that early caffeine therapy is associated with reduced incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and may help decrease the burden of morbidities in preterm infants."	4.95	Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes of early caffeine therapy in preterm neonates. ( Kua, KP; Lee, SW, 2017)
"Caffeine is one of the most commonly prescribed medications in preterm neonates and is widely used to treat or prevent apnea of prematurity."	4.93	The Role of Caffeine in Noninvasive Respiratory Support. ( Dobson, NR; Patel, RM, 2016)
"The use of caffeine citrate for treatment of apnea in very low birth weight infants showed short-term and long-term benefits."	4.91	Early Caffeine Use in Very Low Birth Weight Infants and Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Chung, S; Chung, SH; Kim, KS; Kim, SN; Lim, G; Park, HW, 2015)
"Prematurity apnea remains a major clinical problem that requires treatment choices which are sometimes difficult."	4.86	[Apnea of prematurity: what's new?]. ( El Ayoubi, M; Lescure, S; Lopez, E; Moriette, G, 2010)
"Corticosteroids, intramuscular vitamin A and caffeine reduce the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very-low-birth-weight infants."	4.84	Evidence-based neonatal drug therapy for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very-low-birth-weight infants. ( Kirpalani, H; Millar, D; Roberts, R; Schmidt, B, 2008)
"Extremely premature neonates with a lower birth weight may require a higher weight-based caffeine dosing due to their higher weight-adjusted clearance and shorter half-lives."	4.31	Caffeine dosing in premature neonates: impact of birth weight on a pharmacokinetic simulation study. ( Johnson, PN; Lim, SY; May, CB; Miller, JL, 2023)
"Caffeine to prevent or treat apnea of prematurity in the newborn period is now standard of care for infants born very preterm."	3.96	Childhood respiratory outcomes after neonatal caffeine therapy. ( Cheong, JLY; Doyle, LW, 2020)
"In addition to the pharmacological antagonism of adenosine receptors, caffeine appears to be a potent antioxidant and modulates the hyperoxia-induced pulmonary oxidative stress response and thus protective properties in the BPD-associated animal model."	3.91	Antioxidative effects of caffeine in a hyperoxia-based rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ( Bührer, C; Endesfelder, S; Scheuer, T; Schmitz, T; Strauß, E, 2019)
"Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature neonates."	3.91	Caffeine is associated with improved alveolarization and angiogenesis in male mice following hyperoxia induced lung injury. ( Dumpa, V; Kumar, VHS; Nielsen, L; Wang, H, 2019)
"To study the clinical effect of early or late administration of caffeine citrate in the prevention and treatment of apnea in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants."	3.88	[Clinical effect of early or late administration of caffeine citrate in prevention and treatment of apnea in very low birth weight infants]. ( Chen, X; Cheng, R; Feng, Y; Mao, XN; Qiu, J; Zhao, L, 2018)
"Caffeine is widely used to manage apnea of prematurity, and reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)."	3.85	Caffeine administration modulates TGF-β signaling but does not attenuate blunted alveolarization in a hyperoxia-based mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. ( Agius, R; Herold, S; Hühn, S; Mayer, K; Mižíková, I; Morty, RE; Nardiello, C; Rath, P; Runkel, F; Seeger, W; Surate Solaligue, DE; Vadász, I, 2017)
"Caffeine in the newborn period shortens the duration of assisted ventilation and reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but its effects on respiratory function in later childhood are unknown."	3.85	Neonatal Caffeine Treatment and Respiratory Function at 11 Years in Children under 1,251 g at Birth. ( Cheong, JLY; Doyle, LW; Ranganathan, S, 2017)
"In preterm rabbits, caffeine reduces the functional, architectural and inflammatory pulmonary changes induced by hyperoxia in the lung."	3.83	Caffeine Prevents Hyperoxia-Induced Functional and Structural Lung Damage in Preterm Rabbits. ( Allegaert, K; Croubels, S; De Baere, S; Deprest, JA; Jiménez, J; Nagatomo, T; Naulaers, G; Richter, J; Toelen, J; Vanoirbeek, J, 2016)
"Caffeine citrate is the treatment of choice for apnea of prematurity (AOP)."	3.83	The Real-World Routine Use of Caffeine Citrate in Preterm Infants: A European Postauthorization Safety Study. ( Carnielli, VP; Fabbri, L; Ferrari, F; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U; Lasagna, G; Lista, G; Papagaroufalis, K; Polackova, R; Saenz, P, 2016)
"Advantages of caffeine for apnea of prematurity have prompted clinicians to use it prophylactically even before apnea."	3.81	Association of early caffeine administration and neonatal outcomes in very preterm neonates. ( Barrington, K; Lee, SK; Lodha, A; McMillan, DD; Seshia, M; Shah, PS; Yang, J, 2015)
"To determine if an early commencement of caffeine is associated with improved survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants."	3.80	Early caffeine therapy for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. ( Aghai, ZH; Dysart, KC; Genen, L; Greenspan, JS; Kirkby, S; Nawab, U; Taha, D, 2014)
"To determine if early caffeine (EC) therapy is associated with decreased bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death, decreased treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), or shortened duration of ventilation."	3.79	Early caffeine therapy and clinical outcomes in extremely preterm infants. ( Carlton, DP; Leong, T; Patel, RM; Vyas-Read, S, 2013)
"Doxapram has the potential to improve neonatal outcomes by improving respiration, but the safety concerns need to be weighed against the potential risks of invasive mechanical ventilation."	3.30	Doxapram versus placebo in preterm newborns: a study protocol for an international double blinded multicentre randomized controlled trial (DOXA-trial). ( Allegaert, K; Carkeek, K; Cassart, V; Cornette, L; de Boode, WP; de Kort, EHM; Dijk, PH; Flint, RB; Hemels, MAC; Hermans, I; Hutten, GJ; Hütten, MC; Kelen, D; Kroon, AA; Lacaze-Masmonteil, T; Lefevere, J; Nuytemans, DH; Onland, W; Pas, ABT; Plaskie, K; Poley, MJ; Poppe, JA; Reiss, IKM; Simons, SHP; Smits, A; Stewart, B; Storm, KK; van Kaam, AH; van Weissenbruch, MM; Voeten, M; Willemsen, SP; Williams, O; Zonnenberg, IA, 2023)
"Caffeine treatment reduces the frequency of apnoea of prematurity (AOP) and eliminates the need for mechanical ventilation by acting as a nonspecific inhibitor of adenosine A1 and adenosine 2A receptors."	2.77	Genetic basis of apnoea of prematurity and caffeine treatment response: role of adenosine receptor polymorphisms: genetic basis of apnoea of prematurity. ( Duman, N; Kumral, A; Ozkan, H; Tuzun, F; Yesilirmak, DC, 2012)
"Albuterol is a specific beta-2 agonist that has been reported to be effective in treating infants and children with bronchospastic pulmonary disease."	2.67	A randomized placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of oral albuterol on pulmonary mechanics in ventilator-dependent infants at risk of developing BPD. ( Bhutani, VK; Fox, WW; Stefano, JL, 1991)
"Caffeine was given for a median (IQR) of 28 (17-43) days starting on day 2 (1-3) and continued up to 34 (33-34) weeks postmenstrual age."	1.91	Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes. ( Abramson, J; Budge, H; Fateh, S; Kwok, TC; Ojha, S; Sharkey, D; Szatkowski, L, 2023)
"Early use of caffeine can shorten the duration of caffeine treatment, oxygen supply time, and length of hospital stay, with little adverse effect, in preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤31 weeks."	1.56	[Safety and efficacy of caffeine use started at different time in preterm infants: a multicenter study in Jiangsu Province, China]. ( Cheng, R; Gu, HB; Jiang, SH; Jiang, SY; Liu, SL; Qiao, LX; Wu, Q; Yang, Y; Yang, ZM, 2020)
"We determined the influence of cumulative dosing of caffeine citrate on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of low birth weight (VLBW) infants at 18-22 months of postmenstrual age."	1.51	Higher daily doses of caffeine lowered the incidence of moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disabilities in very low birth weight infants. ( Chouthai, NS; Gupte, A; Kamat, D; Lulic-Botica, M; Ma, MM; Mamilla, D; Patel, B; Ravichandran, S; Sharma, A; Thomas, R, 2019)
"To characterize the dosing and safety of off-label caffeine citrate in a contemporary cohort of extremely premature infants."	1.51	Dosing and Safety of Off-label Use of Caffeine Citrate in Premature Infants. ( Bendel-Stenzel, E; Chhabra, R; Harper, B; Ku, L; Laughon, M; Moya, F; Payne, EH; Puia-Dumitrescu, M; Smith, PB; Soriano, A; Wade, KC; Zhao, J, 2019)
"To compare treatment strategies for respiratory failure in extremely low-birthweight (ELBW) infants in Germany in 1997 to Germany, Austria and Switzerland in 2011."	1.39	Increase of caffeine and decrease of corticosteroids for extremely low-birthweight infants with respiratory failure from 1997 to 2011. ( Arenz, S; Arenz, T; Gerull, R; Küster, H; Manser, H; Nelle, M, 2013)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	1 (1.43)	18.7374
1990's	1 (1.43)	18.2507
2000's	10 (14.29)	29.6817
2010's	38 (54.29)	24.3611
2020's	20 (28.57)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Early Prediction of Cognitive and Motor Deficits Using Advanced MRI in Very Preterm Infants[NCT03345069]		393 participants (Actual)	Observational	2016-09-16	Active, not recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Methylxanthines in Very Low Birthweight Infants[NCT00182312]	Phase 3	2,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	1999-10-31	Completed
Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity[NCT02677584]		180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Early Caffeine in Preterm Neonates[NCT03086473]	Phase 4	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-01	Active, not recruiting
Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Safety of Caffeine in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Receiving Therapeutic Hypothermia[NCT05295784]	Phase 1	18 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-06-30	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Early Use of Caffeine Citrate in Preterm Neonates Needing Respiratory Support.[NCT04001712]	Phase 3	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-05	Completed
Comparison of Humidified High Flow Nasal Cannula to Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Non-Invasive Respiratory Support in Neonates[NCT00609882]		420 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-12-31	Completed
Humidified High Flow Nasal Cannula Versus Nasal Intermittent Positive Ventilation in Neonates as Primary Respiratory Support:a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT02499744]	Phase 1	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Active, not recruiting
A Prospective, Controlled Trial of Inhalation of Low Concentration of CO2 in Preterm Infants Not Responding to Caffeine for the Treatment of Apnea of Prematurity[NCT01911182]	Phase 2/Phase 3	7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Terminated (stopped due to Low recruitment rate)
High Versus Low Dose Caffeine as Respiratory Stimulant in Preterm Infants[NCT04144712]	Phase 1	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-04-01	Recruiting
Long-Term Effects On Sleep Of Methylxanthine Therapy For Apnea Of Prematurity[NCT01020357]	Phase 3	201 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
[NCT01066728]	Phase 2/Phase 3	87 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-08-31	Completed
Safety of Sildenafil in Premature Infants With Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia[NCT04447989]	Phase 2	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-27	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
Caffeine and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Clinical benefits and the mechanisms involved. Pediatric pulmonology, 2022, Volume: 57, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; In	2022
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023, 04-11, Volume: 4 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Child; Humans; Infant; Infant, Extremely Premature; Inf	2023
Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023, 10-04, Volume: 10 Topics: Aminophylline; Apnea; Birth Weight; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Hearing Loss; Humans; Infa	2023
Drugs to Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Effect of Baseline Risk on the Number Needed to Treat. The Journal of pediatrics, 2020, Volume: 222 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Evidence-Based Medicine; Glucocortic	2020
Evidence base multi-discipline critical strategies toward better tomorrow for very preterm infants. Pediatrics and neonatology, 2020, Volume: 61, Issue:4 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Budesonide; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stim	2020
Neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal caffeine therapy. Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine, 2020, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Citrates; D	2020
What is bronchopulmonary dysplasia and does caffeine prevent it? Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine, 2020, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Citrates; Dose-Response Rel	2020
Caffeine for preterm infants: Fixed standard dose, adjustments for age or high dose? Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine, 2020, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Citrates; Dose-Response Relationsh	2020
Using Quality Improvement Tools to Reduce Chronic Lung Disease. Clinics in perinatology, 2017, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Chronic Disease; Continuous Positive	2017
Caffeine controversies. Current opinion in pediatrics, 2018, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration	2018
High versus standard dose caffeine for apnoea: a systematic review. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2018, Volume: 103, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dose-Response Relati	2018
Optimizing Caffeine Use and Risk of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Methodology. Clinics in perinatology, 2018, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Confidence Intervals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;	2018
[Preventive effect of caffeine on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants]. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 2018, Volume: 20, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Disease	2018
Drugs for the Prevention and Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clinics in perinatology, 2019, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchodilator Agents; Bronchopulmonary Dysplas	2019
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a review. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2013, Volume: 288, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Birth Weight; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Female; Gestational Age	2013
The preterm lung and airway: past, present, and future. Pediatrics and neonatology, 2013, Volume: 54, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Fo	2013
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical perspective. Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology, 2014, Volume: 100, Issue:3 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Clinical Trials as Topic; H	2014
Evidence-Based Pharmacologic Therapies for Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Application of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Methodology. Clinics in perinatology, 2015, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrop	2015
Early Caffeine Use in Very Low Birth Weight Infants and Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Korean medical science, 2015, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Citrates; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Infant; I	2015
Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes of early caffeine therapy in preterm neonates. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2017, Volume: 83, Issue:1 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Early Medical Intervention; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, P	2017
The Role of Caffeine in Noninvasive Respiratory Support. Clinics in perinatology, 2016, Volume: 43, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Infant, Newb	2016
Evidence-based neonatal drug therapy for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very-low-birth-weight infants. Neonatology, 2008, Volume: 93, Issue:4 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cerebral Palsy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Evidence-Based Medic	2008
Nonventilatory strategies for prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia--what is the evidence? Neonatology, 2008, Volume: 94, Issue:3 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Newbor	2008
Nasal CPAP and surfactant for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome and prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2009, Volume: 98, Issue:9 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Citrates; Combined M	2009
[Apnea of prematurity: what's new?]. Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie, 2010, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Bradycardia; Brain Damage, Chronic; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous Sys	2010
Prevention and therapy of bronchopulmonary dysplasia - evidence and clinical practice. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 2007, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Antioxidants; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Diuretics; Erythromycin; Humans; Incidence; Infa	2007

Article	Year
The timing of withdrawal from caffeine citrate in very preterm infants. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 2021, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:12 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Citrates; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature;	2021
Risk factors that affect the degree of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: a 5-year retrospective study. BMC pediatrics, 2022, 04-12, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aminophylline; Birth Weight; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent;	2022
Caffeine dosing in premature neonates: impact of birth weight on a pharmacokinetic simulation study. Pediatric research, 2023, Volume: 93, Issue:3 Topics: Birth Weight; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn	2023
Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2023, Volume: 108, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cohort Studies; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newbo	2023
Variables related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity: a Six-Year retrospective study. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2023, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Ca	2023
Pharmacotherapy for the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Can Anything Compete with Caffeine and Corticosteroids? Neonatal network : NN, 2019, Jul-01, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Diuretics; Fem	2019
Variations in preterm stabilisation practices and caffeine therapy between two European tertiary level neonatal units. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2020, Volume: 109, Issue:3 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infa	2020
Impact of early caffeine therapy in preterm newborns on infant lung function. Pediatric pulmonology, 2020, Volume: 55, Issue:1 Topics: Birth Weight; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Force	2020
[Safety and efficacy of caffeine use started at different time in preterm infants: a multicenter study in Jiangsu Province, China]. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 2020, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; China; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infan	2020
Childhood respiratory outcomes after neonatal caffeine therapy. Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine, 2020, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; Citrates; Duc	2020
Perinatal Risk and Protective Factors in the Development of Diffuse White Matter Abnormality on Term-Equivalent Age Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Infants Born Very Preterm. The Journal of pediatrics, 2021, Volume: 233 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cohort Studies; Dexamethasone; Female; Gestational Age; Glucoc	2021
Neonatal Caffeine Treatment and Respiratory Function at 11 Years in Children under 1,251 g at Birth. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2017, 11-15, Volume: 196, Issue:10 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newbo	2017
Prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: current strategies. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 2017, Volume: 19, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Oxygen; Pulmonary Su	2017
Shifting the boundaries for early caffeine initiation in neonatal practice: Results of a prospective, multicenter study on very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. PloS one, 2017, Volume: 12, Issue:12 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Prospective Studie	2017
Higher daily doses of caffeine lowered the incidence of moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disabilities in very low birth weight infants. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2019, Volume: 108, Issue:3 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Incidence;	2019
Caffeine use in preterm infants: from magic to uncertainty. Archivos argentinos de pediatria, 2018, 12-01, Volume: 116, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Pre	2018
[Clinical effect of early or late administration of caffeine citrate in prevention and treatment of apnea in very low birth weight infants]. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 2018, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Child; Citrates; Humans; Infant; Infant, Very Low Birth	2018
Antioxidative effects of caffeine in a hyperoxia-based rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Respiratory research, 2019, May-10, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Disease Models, Anima	2019
Dosing and Safety of Off-label Use of Caffeine Citrate in Premature Infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2019, Volume: 211 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Citrates; Ductus Arteriosus, Paten	2019
Caffeine is associated with improved alveolarization and angiogenesis in male mice following hyperoxia induced lung injury. BMC pulmonary medicine, 2019, Jul-30, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Angiopoietin-1; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Bronchopulm	2019
Increase of caffeine and decrease of corticosteroids for extremely low-birthweight infants with respiratory failure from 1997 to 2011. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2013, Volume: 102, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Ho	2013
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Trends in caffeine use and association between clinical outcomes and timing of therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Administration Schedul	2014
Early caffeine therapy for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2014, Volume: 27, Issue:16 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Infant, New	2014
Timing of caffeine therapy in very low birth weight infants. The Journal of pediatrics, 2014, Volume: 164, Issue:5 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Infant Mort	2014
Association of early caffeine administration and neonatal outcomes in very preterm neonates. JAMA pediatrics, 2015, Volume: 169, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Canada; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Gestational Age; Hum	2015
Association of early caffeine administration and neonatal outcomes in very preterm neonates. JAMA pediatrics, 2015, Volume: 169, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Canada; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Gestational Age; Hum	2015
Association of early caffeine administration and neonatal outcomes in very preterm neonates. JAMA pediatrics, 2015, Volume: 169, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Canada; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Gestational Age; Hum	2015
Association of early caffeine administration and neonatal outcomes in very preterm neonates. JAMA pediatrics, 2015, Volume: 169, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Canada; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Gestational Age; Hum	2015
[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the newborn: physiopathology, treatment and prevention]. Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie, 2015, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Suppl 1 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Fema	2015
The Real-World Routine Use of Caffeine Citrate in Preterm Infants: A European Postauthorization Safety Study. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Citrates; Europe; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infa	2016
Caffeine Prevents Hyperoxia-Induced Functional and Structural Lung Damage in Preterm Rabbits. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hyp	2016
Association of early versus late caffeine administration on neonatal outcomes in very preterm neonates. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2017, Volume: 106, Issue:3 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Extremely Premature; Infant, Newborn	2017
Caffeine administration modulates TGF-β signaling but does not attenuate blunted alveolarization in a hyperoxia-based mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatric research, 2017, Volume: 81, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, An	2017
Prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine, 2009, Volume: 14, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Prem	2009
Early caffeine therapy and clinical outcomes in extremely preterm infants. Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2013, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Cohort Studies; Confidence Intervals; Dose-Response Relationsh	2013
Prevention of hyperoxia-mediated pulmonary inflammation in neonatal rats by caffeine. The European respiratory journal, 2013, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants;	2013
Treatment of immature baboons for 28 days with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2004, May-01, Volume: 169, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Products; Biopsy; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; B	2004
Treatment of immature baboons for 28 days with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2004, May-01, Volume: 169, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Products; Biopsy; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; B	2004
Treatment of immature baboons for 28 days with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2004, May-01, Volume: 169, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Products; Biopsy; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; B	2004
Treatment of immature baboons for 28 days with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2004, May-01, Volume: 169, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Products; Biopsy; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; B	2004
Caffeine for apnea of prematurity. The New England journal of medicine, 2006, May-18, Volume: 354, Issue:20 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Infant, Newb	2006
Caffeine for apnea of prematurity. The New England journal of medicine, 2006, Aug-31, Volume: 355, Issue:9 Topics: Apnea; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Ductus Arteriosus, P	2006
Deglutition and respiration: development, coordination, and practical implications. Seminars in speech and language, 2007, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caffeine; Child, Preschool; Chlorpheniramine; Codeine; Deglutition Disor	2007

caffeine and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (70)

Authors

Clinical Trials (13)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Zhang, XF	1
He, XR	1
Li, W	1
Wang, T	1
Hu, JT	1
Dong, QY	1
Chen, PY	1
Yuan, Y	1
Yang, Y	2
Lei, X	1
Dong, W	1
Yang, T	1
Shen, Q	1
Wang, S	1
Dong, T	1
Liang, L	1
Xu, F	1
He, Y	1
Li, C	1
Luo, F	1
Liang, J	1
Tang, C	1
Yang, J	2
Lim, SY	1
May, CB	1
Johnson, PN	1
Miller, JL	1
Szatkowski, L	1
Fateh, S	1
Abramson, J	1
Kwok, TC	1
Sharkey, D	1
Budge, H	1
Ojha, S	1
Bruschettini, M	2
Brattström, P	1
Russo, C	1
Onland, W	3
Davis, PG	3
Soll, R	2
Yan, B	1
Li, Y	1
Sun, M	1
Meng, Y	1
Li, X	1
Moresco, L	1
Sjögren, A	1
Marques, KA	1
Poppe, JA	1
Flint, RB	1
Smits, A	1
Willemsen, SP	1
Storm, KK	1
Nuytemans, DH	1
Poley, MJ	1
de Boode, WP	1
Carkeek, K	1
Cassart, V	1
Cornette, L	1
Dijk, PH	1
Hemels, MAC	1
Hermans, I	1
Hütten, MC	1
Kelen, D	1
de Kort, EHM	1
Kroon, AA	1
Lefevere, J	1
Plaskie, K	1
Stewart, B	1
Voeten, M	1
van Weissenbruch, MM	1
Williams, O	1
Zonnenberg, IA	1
Lacaze-Masmonteil, T	1
Pas, ABT	1
Reiss, IKM	1
van Kaam, AH	2
Allegaert, K	2
Hutten, GJ	2
Simons, SHP	1
McPherson, C	1
Belkhatir, K	1
Zivanovic, S	1
Lumgair, H	1
Knaack, D	1
Wimberger, R	1
Sallmon, H	1
Roehr, CC	1
Sanchez-Solis, M	1
Garcia-Marcos, PW	1
Agüera-Arenas, J	1
Mondejar-Lopez, P	1
Garcia-Marcos, L	1
Cheng, R	2
Wu, Q	1
Qiao, LX	1
Yang, ZM	1
Gu, HB	1
Jiang, SY	1
Liu, SL	1
Jiang, SH	1
Jensen, EA	3
Roberts, RS	3
Schmidt, B	5
Chiu, HY	1
Chu, SM	1
Lin, HY	1
Tsai, ML	1
Chen, YT	1
Lin, HC	1
Synnes, A	1
Grunau, RE	1
Cheong, JLY	2
Doyle, LW	4
Saroha, V	2
Patel, RM	5
Parikh, NA	1
Sharma, P	1
He, L	1
Li, H	1
Altaye, M	1
Priyanka Illapani, VS	1
Ranganathan, S	1
Jain, D	2
Bancalari, E	3
Picarillo, AP	1
Carlo, W	1
Borszewska-Kornacka, MK	1
Hożejowski, R	1
Rutkowska, M	1
Lauterbach, R	1
Gentle, SJ	1
Travers, CP	1
Carlo, WA	1
Vliegenthart, R	1
Miedema, M	1
Pakvasa, MA	1
Ravichandran, S	1
Chouthai, NS	1
Patel, B	1
Sharma, A	1
Gupte, A	1
Ma, MM	1
Mamilla, D	1
Lulic-Botica, M	1
Thomas, R	1
Kamat, D	1
Liu, Y	1
Dong, WB	1
Álvarado Socarras, JL	1
Feng, Y	1
Zhao, L	1
Chen, X	1
Mao, XN	1
Qiu, J	1
Kou, C	1
Han, D	1
Li, Z	1
Wu, W	1
Liu, Z	1
Zhang, Y	1
Gao, Z	1
Mandell, EW	1
Kratimenos, P	1
Abman, SH	1
Steinhorn, RH	1
Endesfelder, S	2
Strauß, E	1
Scheuer, T	1
Schmitz, T	2
Bührer, C	2
Puia-Dumitrescu, M	1
Smith, PB	3
Zhao, J	1
Soriano, A	1
Payne, EH	1
Harper, B	1
Bendel-Stenzel, E	1
Moya, F	1
Chhabra, R	1
Ku, L	1
Laughon, M	1
Wade, KC	1
Dumpa, V	1
Nielsen, L	1
Wang, H	1
Kumar, VHS	1
Ali, Z	1
Schmidt, P	1
Dodd, J	1
Jeppesen, DL	1
Martin, RJ	1
Fanaroff, AA	1
Gerull, R	1
Manser, H	1
Küster, H	1
Arenz, T	1
Nelle, M	1
Arenz, S	1
Dobson, NR	2
Kuehn, DR	1
Clark, J	1
Vyas-Read, S	2
Herring, A	1
Laughon, MM	2
Carlton, D	1
Hunt, CE	1
Taha, D	1
Kirkby, S	1
Nawab, U	1
Dysart, KC	1
Genen, L	1
Greenspan, JS	1
Aghai, ZH	1
Lodha, A	1
Seshia, M	1
McMillan, DD	1
Barrington, K	1
Lee, SK	1
Shah, PS	1
Jarreau, PH	1
Zana-Taïeb, E	1
Maillard, A	1
Foglia, EE	1
Park, HW	1
Lim, G	1
Chung, SH	1
Chung, S	1
Kim, KS	1
Kim, SN	1
Lista, G	1
Fabbri, L	1
Polackova, R	1
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U	1
Papagaroufalis, K	1
Saenz, P	1
Ferrari, F	1
Lasagna, G	1
Carnielli, VP	1
Nagatomo, T	1
Jiménez, J	1
Richter, J	1
De Baere, S	1
Vanoirbeek, J	1
Naulaers, G	1
Croubels, S	1
Deprest, JA	1
Toelen, J	1
Kua, KP	1
Lee, SW	1
Adzikah, S	1
Maletzki, J	1
Rüegger, C	1
Bassler, D	1
Rath, P	1
Nardiello, C	1
Surate Solaligue, DE	1
Agius, R	1
Mižíková, I	1
Hühn, S	1
Mayer, K	1
Vadász, I	1
Herold, S	1
Runkel, F	1
Seeger, W	1
Morty, RE	1
Roberts, R	1
Millar, D	1
Kirpalani, H	1
Thomas, W	2
Speer, CP	2
Verder, H	1
Bohlin, K	1
Kamper, J	1
Lindwall, R	1
Jonsson, B	1
Bose, C	1
Moriette, G	1
Lescure, S	1
El Ayoubi, M	1
Lopez, E	1
Cheong, J	1
Hunt, RW	1
Lee, KJ	1
Thompson, DK	1
Rees, S	1
Anderson, PJ	1
Inder, TE	1
Kumral, A	1
Tuzun, F	1
Yesilirmak, DC	1
Duman, N	1
Ozkan, H	1
Leong, T	1
Carlton, DP	1
Weichelt, U	1
Cay, R	1
Strauss, E	1
Sifringer, M	1
Thomson, MA	1
Yoder, BA	1
Winter, VT	1
Martin, H	1
Catland, D	1
Siler-Khodr, TM	1
Coalson, JJ	1
Davis, P	1
Barrington, KJ	1
Ohlsson, A	1
Solimano, A	1
Tin, W	1
Hand, IL	1
Noble, LM	1
Lefton-Greif, MA	1
McGrath-Morrow, SA	1
Stefano, JL	2
Bhutani, VK	2
Fox, WW	2
Davis, JM	1
Spitzer, AR	1