caesium-137 and Asthma

to determine the influence of hereditary predisposition, polymorphism of GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 genes andenvironmental factors on the development of bronchial asthma in children - residents of radioactively contaminat-ed areas.. School-age children-residents of radioactively contaminated areas with bronchial asthma,and those without clinical signs of respiratory pathology were examined. Genetic, medical, biological and social riskfactors were determined based on the study of anamnestic data and medical records. Ventilation lung capacity wasassessed by the method of computer spirometry. Molecular genetic studies were carried out using polymerase chainreaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for further analysis.. Molecular genetic studies of the distribution of genotypes and frequencies of polymorphic variants of thegenes GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 were performed in children living under long-term intake of 137Cs by food chains. It wasfound that in children with BA the tendency to frequency of the deletion variant of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes incomparison with children without bronchial and pulmonary pathology was increased. The study of distributing theGSTP1 A313G gene polymorphic variants revealed in children with BA a significant increase in the frequency of AG-genotype, compared with the data of reference group. Adverse factors that increase the risk of developing bron-choobstructive disorders and the probability of their implementation in the form of bronchial asthma in children -residents of RCA have been identified. It is established that among them the leading role is played by hereditarypredisposition to this disease. On the part of the child, such negative factors were unfavorable conditions of fetaldevelopment, the presence of signs of exudative-catarrhal diathesis, manifestations of allergies and frequent respi-ratory diseases from the first months of life. It was found that the risk of developing BA was significantly increasedin children with the GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene deletion genotypes; an increased risk of developing BA in children witha combination of the GSTP1 A313G gene polymorphism with deletion polymorphism of the GSTT1 or GSTM1 gene wasdetermined. Сonclusion. Оne of the leading mechanisms, due to which there is a realization of hereditary predisposition tobronchial asthma in children living under constant intake of radionuclides with a long half-life, is the polymorphismof certain glutathione-S-transferase genes, namely, GSTT1, GSTM1 and A313G gene deletion polymorphism and GSTP1gene polymorphism.. Meta roboty: vyznachyty vplyv spadkovoï skhyl'nosti, polimorfizmu geniv GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 i chynnykiv navko-lyshn'ogo seredovyshcha na rozvytok bronkhial'noï astmy u diteĭ – meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh tery-toriĭ.Materialy ta metody. Obstezheni dity shkil'nogo viku – meshkantsi radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ, khvori nabronkhial'nu astmu, ta ti, iaki ne maly klinichnykh oznak patologiï organiv dykhannia. Na pidstavi vyvchennia anamnes-tychnykh danykh i medychnoï dokumentatsiï vyznachaly genetychni, medyko-biologichni ta sotsial'ni faktory ryzyku. Me-todom komp’iuternoï spirometriï otsiniuvaly stan ventyliatsiĭnoï spromozhnosti legeniv. Molekuliarno-genetychnidoslidzhennia provodyly z vykorystanniam metodiv polimeraznoï lantsiugovoï reaktsiï (PLR) i polimorfizmu dov-zhyny restryktsiĭnykh fragmentiv (PDRF) dlia podal'shogo analizu. Rezul'taty. Molekuliarno-genetychni doslidzhennia rozpodilu genotypiv i chastot polimorfnykh variantiv genivGSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 provedeni u diteĭ, iaki meshkaiut' za umov tryvalogo nadkhodzhennia do organizmu 137Cs kharchovy-my lantsiuzhkamy. Vstanovleno, shcho u diteĭ, khvorykh na bronkhial'nu astmu, sposterigaiet'sia tendentsiia do pidvyshchen-nia chastoty deletsiĭnogo varianta geniv GSTT1 i GSTM1 v porivnianni z dit'my, iaki ne maly patologiï bronkhiv ta le-geniv. Doslidzhennia rozpodilu polimorfnykh variantiv 313AG gena GSTP1 vyiavylo u diteĭ, khvorykh na bronkhial'nuastmu, dostovirne pidvyshchennia chastoty AG-genotypu, porivniano z pokaznykamy referentnoï grupy. Vyznacheninespryiatlyvi chynnyky, shcho pidvyshchuiut' ryzyk rozvytku bronkhoobstruktyvnykh porushen' ta ĭmovirnist' ïkh re-alizatsiï u vygliadi bronkhial'noï astmy u diteĭ – meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ. Vstanovleno,shcho sered nykh providnu rol' vidigraie spadkova skhyl'nist' do ts'ogo zakhvoriuvannia. Z boku dytyny takymy nega-tyvnymy chynnykamy vyiavylysia nespryiatlyvi umovy vnutrishn'outrobnogo rozvytku, naiavnist' oznak eksudatyv-no-kataral'nogo diatezu, proiaviv alergiï ta chastykh respiratornykh zakhvoriuvan' z pershykh misiatsiv zhyttia. Vstanov-leno, shcho ryzyk rozvytku bronkhial'noï astmy suttievo zrostav u diteĭ z deletsiĭnymy genotypamy geniv GSTT1 iGSTM1; vyznacheno pidvyshchennia ryzyku rozvytku bronkhial'noï astmy u diteĭ pry poiednanni 313AG polimorfizmugena GSTR1 z deletsiĭnym polimorfizmom gena GSTT1 abo GSTM1.Vysnovok. Odnym iz providnykh mekhanizmiv, zavdiaky iakomu vidbuvaiet'sia realizatsiia spadkovoï skhyl

Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Case-Control Studies; Cesium Radioisotopes; Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; Child; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Glutathione S-Transferase pi; Glutathione Transferase; Humans; Male; Polymorphism, Genetic; Radiation Exposure; Risk Factors; Ukraine

to evaluate the influence of processes of lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant protection on the function of external respiration in children-residents of radioactive contaminated territories.. There were examined children of school age, inhabitants of radioactive contaminated ter- ritories (RCT) without respiratory and pulmonary pathology, and patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Examination of the ventilation lung function was performed by the method of pneumotachography according to the analysis of the «flow-volume» loop. End products of lipid peroxidation (LPO), reacting with thiobarbituric acid (malondialde- hyde), enzymes-antioxidants - catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase were studied to determine the signs of oxidative stress.. Examinations of ventilation lung function in children-residents of RCT without respiratory and pulmonary pathology showed no significant deviations of its parameters beyond the limits of physiological fluctuations; a decrease in bronchial patency at different levels of the bronchial tree was established in children with BA. An increased incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity was noted in both the patients with BA and those who did not have bronchopulmonary pathology. The absence of an increase in the content of LPO products (malondialdehyde) in blood serum of children-residents of RCT with increased activity of catalase and group of glutathione enzymes indi- cates the sufficiency of compensatory possibilities of antioxidant protection.. Studies of correlation between the function of external respiration and markers of oxidative stress determined that the indices of bronchial patency directly correlate with the activity of enzymes-antioxidants of the glutathione group and inversely - with the content of the LPO products in children-residents of RCT. The frequency of bronchospasm inversely correlated with the activity of glutathione group antioxidants. There are inverse correla- tion of 137Cs content in the body with the activity of glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidase.. Meta: otsinka vplyvu protsesiv perekysnogo okyslennia lipidiv ta antyoksydantnogo zakhystu na funktsiiu zovnish- n'ogo dykhannia u ditey̆ – meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriy̆.Materialy ta metody. Obstezheni dity shkil'nogo viku – meshkantsi radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriy̆ (RZT) bez patologiï bronkhiv i legeniv ta khvori na bronkhial'nu astmu (BA). Doslidzhennia ventyliatsiy̆noï funktsiï legeniv pro- vodyly metodom pnevmotakhografiï za danymy analizu petli «potik–ob’iem». Dlia vyiavlennia oznak oksydatyvnogo stresu vyznachaly vmist u syrovattsi krovi kintsevykh produktiv perekysnogo okyslennia lipidiv, shcho reaguiut' z tiobarbiturovoiu kyslotoiu (malonovogo dial'degidu), ta aktyvnist' fermentiv-antyoksydantiv – katalazy, su- peroksyddysmutazy, glutationperoksydazy, glutationtransferazy.Rezul'taty. Doslidzhennia ventyliatsiy̆noï funktsiï legeniv u ditey̆ meshkantsiv RZT, iaki ne maly patologiï bronkhiv i legeniv, ne vyiavylo suttievykh vidkhylen' ïï pokaznykiv za mezhi fiziologichnykh kolyvan'; u ditey̆, khvorykh na BA, vstanovleno znyzhennia bronkhial'noï prokhidnosti na riznykh rivniakh bronkhial'nogo dereva. Sposterigalasia pidvy- shchena chastota bronkhial'noï giperreaktyvnosti iak u khvorykh na BA, tak i tykh, khto ne mav bronkholegenevoï patologiï. Vidsutnist' pidvyshchennia vmistu produktiv perekysnogo okyslennia lipidiv (malonovogo dial'degidu) v syrovattsi krovi ditey̆ – meshkantsiv RZT pry pidvyshcheniy̆ aktyvnosti katalazy ta fermentiv grupy glutationu svidchyt' pro dostatnist' kompensatornykh mozhlyvostey̆ antyoksydantnogo zakhystu.Vysnovky. Doslidzhennia koreliatsiy̆nykh zv’iazkiv funktsiï zovnishn'ogo dykhannia i markeriv oksydatyvnogo stresu pokazalo, shcho u ditey̆ – meshkantsiv RZT pokaznyky bronkhial'noï prokhidnosti priamo koreliuiut' z aktyvnistiu fer- mentiv-antyoksydantiv grupy glutationu i oberneno – z vmistom produktiv POL. Chastota bronkhospazmu oberneno koreliuie z aktyvnistiu antyoksydantiv grupy glutationu. Maiut' mistse oberneni koreliatsiy̆ni zv’iazky vmistu 137Cs v tili z aktyvnistiu glutationtransferazy ta glutationperoksydazy.

Topics: Adolescent; Antioxidants; Asthma; Biomarkers; Bronchial Spasm; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Cesium Radioisotopes; Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; Child; Female; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Transferase; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lung; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Radiation Exposure; Radioactive Fallout; Respiration; Respiratory Function Tests; Superoxide Dismutase; Ukraine