cactinomycin and Neoplasms

In order to increase the permeability of cell membranes for low doses of cytostatic drugs, two bioelectrochemical methods have been compared: (a) electric pore formation in the plasma membranes by single electric impulses (electroporation), and (b) reordering of membrane structure by alternating currents (capacitively coupled). These treatments were applied to human leukemic K-562 cells and human lymphoma U-937 cells, yielding apoptotic and necrotic effects, determined by flow cytometry. Additional cell death occurs after exposure to light irradiation at wavelengths lambda > 600 nm, of cells which were electroporated and had incorporated actinomycin-C or daunomycin (daunorubicin). It is observed that drug uptake after an exponentially decaying electroporation pulse of the initial field strength Eo=1.4 kV/cm and pulse time constants in the time range 0.5-3 ms is faster than during PEMF-treatment, i.e., application of an alternating current of 16 kHz, voltage U<100 V, I=55 mA, and exposure time 20 min. However, at the low a.c. voltage of this treatment, more apoptotic and necrotic cells are produced as compared to the electroporation treatment with one exponentially decaying voltage pulse. Thus, additional photodynamic action appears to be more effective than solely drugs and electroporation as applied in clinical electrochemotherapy, and more effective than the noninvasive pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs), for cancer cells in general and animals bearing tumors in particular.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cytotoxins; Dactinomycin; Daunorubicin; Electrochemotherapy; Electromagnetic Fields; Electroporation; Humans; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; Lymphoma; Necrosis; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy; Time Factors

Topics: Dactinomycin; Hemangiosarcoma; Kidney Neoplasms; Melanoma; Mesonephroma; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pharmacology; Research; Stomach Neoplasms; Tissue Culture Techniques

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Dactinomycin; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Neoplasms; Thiotepa

Topics: Dactinomycin; Humans; Neoplasms; Triamcinolone

Actinomycin C was administered to 35 patients with a variety of malignant states. There was no evidence of any toxic reaction. Of 11 patients with Hodgkins disease, four had brief objective remission ranging from two to four months. Individual patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, multiple myeloma and neuroblastoma had short periods of clinical improvement. The usefulness of actinomycin C appears to be limited. It may best be used in instances of Hodgkin's disease where pancytopenia prevents the use of other agents.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Biomedical Research; Dactinomycin; Hodgkin Disease; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms; Neuroblastoma

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Dactinomycin; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Mycosis Fungoides; Neoplasms; Sarcoma

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dactinomycin; Dermatologic Agents; Hodgkin Disease; Neoplasms; Sarcoidosis

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dactinomycin; Dermatologic Agents; Hodgkin Disease; Mitochondria; Neoplasms

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dactinomycin; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Neoplasms

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dactinomycin; Dermatologic Agents; Hodgkin Disease; Neoplasms

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Cytostatic Agents; Dactinomycin; Neoplasms

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dactinomycin; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dactinomycin; Humans; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental