cabazitaxel and Carcinoma--Renal-Cell

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has always been considered resistant to chemotherapy. IR-780 is a near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dye that can be efficiently taken up by RCC cells. Cabazitaxel is a cytotoxic drug that interferes with mitosis by acting on tubulin. We chemically fused IR-780 and cabazitaxel into a new drug, Caba-780, which is expected to increase the sensitivity of RCC to chemotherapy. Infrared spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, high-resolution mass spectra, and IR spectra were used for detecting structural characterization of the new synthetic drug Caba-780. The RCC cells lines ACHN and 786-O, as well as the non-cancerous human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293, were used to assess the cytotoxicity and tumor-efficient uptake of Caba-780 in vitro. The xenograft tumor-bearing mice and C57 mice were used to estimate the tumor-efficient imaging of Caba-780 as well as the safety and efficacy of its anti-tumor effects in vivo. The new synthetic drug Caba-780 retains the NIRF properties of IR-780. In vitro, Caba-780 was efficiently absorbed by the RCC cell lines ACHN and 786-O, and had an inhibitory effect on their growth, clonogenicity migration, and invasion. At the same time, Caba-780 retained the anti-tumor effect of cabazitaxel, which can inhibit the growth of tumor cells and promote apoptosis by inhibiting mitosis. In vivo experiments showed that Caba-780 can be taken up and imaged in tumor tissue, whereby it inhibits tumor growth. The novel fused molecule Caba-780 has application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of RCC and makes RCC chemotherapy possible.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Indoles; Infrared Rays; Kidney Neoplasms; Mice; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Organic Anion Transporters; Subcellular Fractions; Taxoids; Toxicity Tests, Acute

Advanced renal cell carcinoma is treated with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The effects of these drugs are, however, limited and novel treatment strategies are required. Clear-cell type renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is chemo-resistant, in part, due to expression of multidrug resistance proteins such as p-glycoprotein. Cabazitaxel, a tubulin-binding taxane drug used for castration-resistant prostate cancer, has less affinity for p-glycoprotein compared to docetaxel. In the current study, the effects of docetaxel and cabazitaxel on ccRCC cells were investigated.. The expression of p-glycoprotein was evaluated in the ccRCC cell lines, Caki-1, KMRC-1 and OS-RC-2 by western blotting. Cells were treated with cabazitaxel or docetaxel, and growth kinetics and tubulin polymerization were determined by the WST-1 assay and cell-based tubulin polymerization assay, respectively. Intracellular drug concentrations were measured by chromatography. AKT activation after treatment was examined by western blotting.. All ccRCC cell lines expressed p-glycoprotein. Cabazitaxel inhibited cell growth and induced tubulin polymerization more potently than docetaxel. The intracellular concentration of cabazitaxel was much higher than docetaxel in all cell lines. Both docetaxel and cabazitaxel inhibit AKT phosphorylation at 5 min among three cells.. Cabazitaxel inhibits growth of ccRCC cells expressing p-glycoprotein and could thus be possibly used for advanced ccRCC patients in combination with targeted-therapy enhancing their effects.

Topics: Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Taxoids