c-peptide and Colitis--Ulcerative

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases.. Relevant literature was retrieved from the PubMed database, Embase database, Cochrane Library database, etc. The search period is from the establishment of the database to January 2022. The outcomes include clinical symptoms, improvement in biochemistry, improvement in intestinal microbiota, improvement in the immune system, and adverse events. Literature screening and data extraction were independently carried out by two researchers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistics and analysis.. Overall, a total of 14 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving six types of autoimmune diseases were included. The results showed the following. 1) Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): compared with the autologous fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) group (control group), the fasting plasma C peptide in the allogenic FMT group at 12 months was lower. 2) Systemic sclerosis: at week 4, compared with one of two placebo controls, three patients in the experimental group reported a major improvement in fecal incontinence. 3) Ulcerative colitis, pediatric ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease: FMT may increase clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission for patients with ulcerative colitis and increase clinical remission for patients with Crohn's disease. 4) Psoriatic arthritis: there was no difference in the ratio of ACR20 between the two groups.. Based on current evidence, the application of FMT in the treatment of autoimmune diseases is effective and relatively safe, and it is expected to be used as a method to induce remission of active autoimmune diseases.. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021235055, identifier CRD42021235055.

Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; C-Peptide; Child; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases; Humans

To investigate the effect of a rye, high-fibre diet (HFD) vs a wheat, low-fibre diet (LFD), meal frequency, nibbling (Nib, seven times a day) or ordinary (Ord, three times a day), and their combined effects on blood glucose, insulin, lipids, urinary C-peptide and ileal excretion of energy, cholesterol and bile acids in humans.. LFD period with Nib or Ord meal frequency followed by an HFD diet with Nib or Ord meal frequency in randomized, crossover design.. Outpatients of ileostomy volunteers were called for an investigation in research word.. A total of 10 subjects (two female subjects, age 34 and 51 y; eight males, mean age 54.4 y, range 43-65 y) participated in the experiment. All subjects were proctocolectomized for ulcerative colitis (mean 16.0 y, range 8-29 y before the study).. In total, 10 ileostomy subjects started with LFD for 2 weeks, the first week on either Nib (five subjects) or Ord (five subjects) and the second week on the other meal frequencies, in a crossover design, followed by a wash-out week, and continued with HFD period for 2 weeks in the same meal frequency manner. All foods consumed in both Nib or Ord regimens were identical and a high-fibre rye bread was used in the HFD period and a low-fibre wheat bread in the LFD period.. Day-profiles of blood glucose, insulin and lipids, blood lipids before and after dietary intervention, and excretion of steroids in the effluents and C-peptide in the urine.. During the Nib regimen, plasma glucose and insulin peaks were lower at the end of the day with HFD compared with LFD. Urinary C-peptide excretion was significantly higher in the day-time on LFD compared with HFD (LFD-Ord vs HFD-Ord, P < 0.01; LFD-Nib vs HFD-Nib, P < 0.01). Plasma free-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after LFD than after HFD with the Nib regimen. A higher excretion of energy (P < 0.05) and chenodeoxycholic acid (P < 0.05) were observed with HFD compared with LFD regardless of meal frequency. A higher daily excretion of cholic acid, total bile acids, cholesterol, net cholesterol and net sterols (P < 0.05) was observed on HFD compared with LFD with the Nib regimen.. An HFD decreased insulin secretion measured as a decreased excretion of C-peptide in urine and as decreased plasma insulin peaks at the end of the day during a Nib regimen. The smoother glycaemic responses at the end of the day during a Nib regimen may be a consequence of a second meal phenomenon, possibly related to the nature of dietary fibre complex.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bile Acids and Salts; Blood Glucose; Bread; C-Peptide; Colitis, Ulcerative; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Fiber; Energy Metabolism; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Ileostomy; Ileum; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Secale; Sterols

Topics: C-Peptide; Colitis, Ulcerative; Gastric Emptying; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Insulin; Intestinal Absorption; Intestines; Iodine Radioisotopes; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Pancreas; Radionuclide Imaging; Stomach; Tissue Distribution; Triolein; Trypsin; Whole-Body Counting

Pancreatic endocrine function was investigated in 43 patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis by studying the blood concentrations of insulin, C-peptide and glucagon using a radioimmunoassay. In such patients the level of C-peptide was on a decrease, that of glucagon--on an increase. The level of insulin in nonspecific ulcerative colitis showed a tendency to increase. These alterations were closely connected with pancreatic excretory function. The most profound changes were noted in patients with markedly lowered pancreatic excretory function.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Colitis, Ulcerative; Female; Glucagon; Humans; Insulin; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreas