bromochloroacetic-acid and Renal-Insufficiency

Topics: Adult; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Nails; Prognosis; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

Kidney is thought to be a regenerative organ in terms of repair from acute tubular injury. It is unknown whether cell population contributes to repair disordered kidney. We attempted to identify and isolate highly proliferative cells from a single cell. We dissected a single nephron from adult rat kidney. Isolated nephrons were separated into segments and cultured. Outgrowing cells were replated after limiting dilution so that each well contained a single cell. One of cell line which was the most potent to grow was designated as rKS56. rKS56 cells showed cobblestone appearance and expressed immature cell markers relating to kidney development and mature tubular cell markers. rKS56 cells grew exponentially and could be maintained for 300 days without transformation. In different culture conditions, rKS56 cells differentiated into mature tubular cells defined by aquaporin-1, 2 expression, and responsiveness to parathyroid hormone or vasopressin. Engrafted to kidney in rat ischemic reperfusion model, rKS56 cells replaced in injured tubules in part after implantation and improved renal function. These results suggest rKS56 cells possess character such as self-renewal, multi-plasticity and capability of tissue repair. rKS56 may possibly contribute to the future development of cell therapy for renal regeneration.

Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 1; Aquaporin 2; Arginine Vasopressin; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Epithelial Cells; Immunoblotting; Karyotyping; Keratins; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Nephrons; Parathyroid Hormone; Phenotype; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regeneration; Renal Insufficiency; Reperfusion Injury; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Stem Cells; Time Factors; Vasopressins

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between renal function and the blood level of some tumor markers that are low molecular weight proteins, that is, tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI), squamous cells carcinoma antigen (SCC), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), and M3-specific epitope of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPS). In 41 adult patients without evidence of neoplastic disease, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the blood levels of creatinine and of the tumor markers were determined. The decrease in GFR was accompanied by an increase in serum levels of TATI, SCC, CYFRA 21-1, and TPA. The serum level of tumor markers increased particularly when GFR fell below 40 ml/min. On the basis of these results, the renal function must be taken into account for the clinical evaluation of the studied tumor markers.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Creatinine; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Keratin-19; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Peptides; Renal Insufficiency; Serpins; Tissue Polypeptide Antigen; Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic

The role of tumour marker assays in differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusions is not yet clear. This study was designed to prospectively assess the individual and combined diagnostic utility of three tumour markers in patients with pleural effusion. Pleural and serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) were determined in 115 patients with pleural effusions (42 malignant and 73 benign). The diagnostic utility of each tumour marker was assessed using accuracy to determine the optimal cut-off point, whilst a logistic regression model was used to obtain the optimal combined test. In serum, every marker showed an individual high specificity (over 97%) for malignancy. The sensitivity of CEA, CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 was 36, 48 and 31%, respectively. In patients without renal failure, the sensitivity of CYFRA 21-1 rose to 53%, while those of CEA and CA 15-3 remained almost unchanged. In pleural fluid, CYFRA 21-1 showed low sensitivity (32%) and specificity (82%), while CEA showed the highest sensitivity (57%). Excluding patients with renal failure, the combined determination in serum of CEA, CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 has a high accuracy (88%), similar to that for CEA plus CA 15-3 in pleural fluid (87%). We conclude that CYFRA 21-1 is useless in pleural fluid and should not be used in serum for patients with renal failure. The combined determination of CEA, CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 in serum may obviate its determination in pleural fluid.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Diagnosis, Differential; Exudates and Transudates; Female; Humans; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Pleural Effusion; Pleural Effusion, Malignant; Renal Insufficiency; Sensitivity and Specificity

Topics: Balkan Nephropathy; Biopsy; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Kidney Tubules; Middle Aged; Renal Insufficiency; Vimentin