bromochloroacetic-acid and Porokeratosis

Porokeratosis is a family of several disorders characterized histologically by the presence of cornoid lamellae. The presence of cornoid lamellae represents an abnormal form of keratinization, which unifies all types of porokeratosis. A significant variation in lesional morphology can result from peculiarities involving the cornoid lamellae and changes related to epidermal hyperplasia and dermal inflammation. This diversity has led to the recognition of several unusual clinicopathological variants of porokeratosis in recent years. Cornoid lamellation, however, is not pathognomonic of porokeratosis and can be seen in some inflammatory and inherited cutaneous disorders and also as an incidental finding. Some of these conditions can be confused with an atypical presentation of porokeratosis and vice versa. An awareness of the broad morphological spectrum of porokeratosis is crucial to avoid missing the diagnosis when appearances are far from typical. This issue is critical in patient management given the potential premalignant nature of porokeratosis.

Topics: Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Keratinocytes; Keratins; Porokeratosis; Precancerous Conditions; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Cations; Connexin 26; Connexins; Deafness; Genes, Recessive; Humans; Ichthyosis; Ion Transport; Keratinocytes; Keratins; Keratitis; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Diffuse; Mosaicism; Nevus; Porokeratosis; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Sweat Gland Neoplasms; TRPV Cation Channels

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infant; Keratins; Male; Nevus, Intradermal; Porokeratosis; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Porokeratosis (PK) represents a heterogeneous group of disorders of keratinization and has a wide variety of clinical manifestations. PK may exhibit similarities with psoriasis at both clinical and molecular levels. The genetic basis and pathogenesis for PK remain elusive.. We studied the transcriptional profiles of three pairwise lesional and uninvolved skin biopsies from patients with different subtypes of PK using the Illumina BeadArray platform.. A total of 37 upregulated genes were identified in our study, including wound-induced keratins, S100 calcium-binding protein genes involved in epidermal differentiation, as well as genes involved in mediating intercellular communication and the immune response. To our knowledge, this is the first study that characterizes the immune profile of PK lesions.. Here, we report that keratinocytes (KCs)-harboring lesions have activated and overexpressed wound-induced keratin genes, which appear to be coregulated with other genes involved in mediating epidermal differentiation, intercellular communication and immunity. This study, from the perspective of gene profiling, supports that gene misregulation in PK mimics that of psoriasis. Our data indicate that the genes implicated in the T-cell-mediated immune response pathway and activation of KCs play a key role in the pathogenesis of PK.

Topics: Biomarkers; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Keratinocytes; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Porokeratosis; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation

The association of porokeratosis with dermal amyloid deposits is extremely rare, only three cases are reported in the literature. We describe a case of disseminated superficial porokeratosis (DSP) with clear histologic evidence of amyloid deposition in the upper dermis. The amyloid was typed with an original immunohistochemical assay based on three anticytokeratin antibodies (MNF 116, CK1, KER B). The epidermal origin of the substance (K amyloid) was demonstrated by its strong positivity for MNF 116 and KER B.

Topics: Aged; Amyloidosis; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Porokeratosis; Skin Diseases