bromochloroacetic-acid and Orbital-Neoplasms

Topics: Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Liver Neoplasms; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms; Neprilysin; Orbital Neoplasms; Papanicolaou Test

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Colonic Neoplasms; Head; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Microscopy; Orbital Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Whole Body Imaging

A case of orbital metastasis of cervical keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is presented. The patient, in remission from primary cervical and ovarian cancers, presented with complaints of left eye ptosis and pain. Examination revealed the presence of a moderately tender mass along the left supra-temporal orbital rim and downward displacement of the left globe. Computed tomography revealed a poorly circumscribed mass with superior lateral wall bone loss. Excised tissue contained invasive, poorly differentiated nests of pan keratin and epithelial membrane antigen-positive squamous cells with numerous pleomorphic multinucleated giant cells. Multiple treatment regimes were unsuccessful, and the patient expired due to disease complications after 3 months.

Topics: Adult; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Fatal Outcome; Female; Giant Cells; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Neoplasm Staging; Orbital Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

To report a rare ectopic chordoma within the orbital wall.. Case report.. A 63-year-old woman developed swelling of the eyelid, tearing, blurred vision, and progressive proptosis RE of 1 month's duration. Neuroimaging studies revealed an osteolytic mass with epicenter at the sphenozygomatic suture that eroded intracranially, invaded into the orbit, and compressed orbital soft tissues. Surgical debulking was done followed by radiation treatment. The pathologic findings of physaliphorous epithelial cells with multiple vacuoles containing mucin, prominent nuclei, and positive immunohistochemical staining for S-100, Vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, and pancytokeratin were diagnostic for chordoma.. Orbital wall ectopic localization of a chordoma distant from the clivus is a rare occurrence.

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Chordoma; Female; Humans; Keratins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Proteins; Orbital Neoplasms; S100 Proteins; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vimentin

To report three patients with sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) that invaded the orbit.. Retrospective small case series. The clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of three patients with SNUC were reviewed.. Three patients with SNUC that invaded the orbit were evaluated. A biopsy was performed on the tumors, which were composed of small, hyperchromatic cells with numerous mitoses and areas of necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for cytokeratins AE1.3, epithelial membrane antigen, and neuron-specific enolase in all three tumors. Electron microscopic examination showed absence of neurosecretory granules and presence of basement membrane production. Two patients were treated with surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy and/or radiation. One patient was treated with preoperative radiation and chemotherapy.. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma is a high-grade tumor that arises in the nasal and paranasal sinuses and may invade the orbit. SNUC should be distinguished from other small, round, blue cell tumors, in particular, esthesioneuroblastoma.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Male; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Orbital Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A malignant rhabdoid tumour was diagnosed in the orbit of a 2-year-old Thoroughbred filly. The neoplasm, which was very aggressive, was present in nearly every part of the ocular and periocular structures and had spread to the lymph nodes of the head and neck, the salivary glands and the subcutaneous tissues around the eye. The neoplasm was composed of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Many cells had a large, vesiculate, indented nucleus and contained a paranuclear globular inclusion. Ultrastructurally, the inclusions were seen to consist of whorls of intermediate filaments. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive to vimentin and cytokeratin antisera, but were negative for desmin and actin.

Topics: Animals; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphatic Metastasis; Orbital Neoplasms; Rhabdoid Tumor; Vimentin

A 53-year-old woman had an orbital mass composed of a neoplastic small round cell infiltrate and no apparent extraorbital primary tumor. Although the initial diagnosis was primary orbital lymphoma, a combination of mucin histochemistry and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin and estrogen receptors led to the discovery of an impalpable lobular carcinoma of the breast. We discuss how detailed histopathological assessment can lead to beneficial therapy.

Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Lobular; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Keratins; Lymphoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Orbital Neoplasms; Receptors, Estrogen

To examine whether adrenal phaeochromocytomas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas are immunoreactive for commercially available and routinely used cytokeratin antibodies.. 18 extra-adrenal paragangliomas and seven adrenal phaeochromocytomas were stained with CAM 5.2, AE1/3, and 34 beta E12 following microwave antigen retrieval of formalin fixed tissue.. A single case from the cauda equina was positive for both CAM 5.2 and AE1/3. In addition, two other cases--an intravagal and an orbital paraganglioma--also showed strong immunopositivity with CAM 5.2 and AE1/3. All phaeochromocytomas were negative with all epithelial markers.. Cauda equina paragangliomas are known to stain with cytokeratins; however, occasional paragangliomas from other sites may also be immunoreactive with cytokeratins. If the results of immunohistochemistry are not interpreted in the clinical and morphological context, the failure to recognise that extra-adrenal paragangliomas may on occasion react with anticytokeratin antibodies may lead to their being confused with metastatic carcinomas.

Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Carotid Body Tumor; Cauda Equina; Child; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Orbital Neoplasms; Para-Aortic Bodies; Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal; Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms; Pheochromocytoma; Staining and Labeling; Vagus Nerve

A 27-year-old woman with a Malignant Triton Tumor (MTT), or malignant schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, located in the parotid cell and infiltrating the nasal sinuses and the left orbit is described. The initially resected tumor showed three recurrences within a 2 years follow-up period. During successive recurrences an increase in cellular density, number of mitoses and necrosis was noticed. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the tumor was composed of a mixed population of cells. Some of them showed positivity for actin, desmin and myoglobin, while others were positive for S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acid protein, and IV-collagen. Cytokeratin stainings were negative. Up to now, 8 benign triton tumors and another 45 cases of MTT have been described. None of them was primarily located in the parotid gland, and infiltration to the orbital cavity has not been previously described.

Topics: Actins; Adult; Collagen; Desmin; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Myoglobin; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neurilemmoma; Orbital Neoplasms; Parotid Neoplasms; S100 Proteins

Hepatocellular carcinoma rarely metastasizes to the brain or orbit. We report 3 clinically manifest examples, one of which occurred in a 13-yr-old boy. In 2 cases the intracranial metastasis was the initial presenting lesion. The 2 cases of brain metastasis both presented with intracerebral hemorrhage. Light microscopic examination of these tumors revealed a trabecular hepatocellular carcinoma of Edmondson grade II with focal hemorrhage and necrosis. Their immunohistochemical profile was identical to that described for primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The differential diagnosis from other intracranial metastatic tumors is discussed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; alpha-Fetoproteins; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Orbital Neoplasms

Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Carcinoid Tumor; Humans; Keratins; Orbital Neoplasms

Eight cases of a highly aggressive undifferentiated carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are described. The patients, who ranged in age from 30-77 years, had multiple sinonasal symptoms, and each had involvement of the nasal cavity, maxillary antrum, and ethmoid sinus. Six tumors extended into the orbital bones, and five penetrated the cranial cavity. Five patients died of disease from 1 to 41 months after diagnosis (median: 4 months), and three are alive with tumor less than 1 year following diagnosis. Microscopically, the neoplasms formed nests, trabeculae, and sheets containing medium-sized cells with small to moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm. A high mitotic rate, tumor necrosis, and prominent vascular permeation were characteristic. Seven neoplasms were immunoreactive for cytokeratin, five for epithelial membrane antigen, and four for neuron-specific enolase. Ultrastructurally, occasional small desmosomes and rare membrane-bound, dense-core granules were observed. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma is a distinctive clinicopathologic entity that must be distinguished from other, less aggressive sinonasal neoplasms.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma; Combined Modality Therapy; Ethmoid Sinus; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Keratins; Male; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Nasal Cavity; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral; Nose Neoplasms; Orbital Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase