bromochloroacetic-acid and Neoplasm-Seeding

Topics: Apoptosis; Breast Neoplasms; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Keratins; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Seeding; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating

A diagnostic test applying reverse-transcriptase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay targeted against cytokeratin 19 (CK19), cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) mRNAs was used to evaluate the impact of fine needle aspiration (FNA) on breast cell shedding into peripheral blood.. The sensitivity of this assay was based on the different degree of admix of MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with HL-60 leukemic cell line. For blood samples of 24 cases with benign breast diseases and 20 cases with malignant ones, 5 ml of peripheral blood was drawn before and within 10 min after puncture. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMN) cells; beta-actin was used to assess the quality of cDNA. RT-PCR products were run in ethidium bromide gel and observed under ultraviolet. RT-PCR products for beta-hCG were digested with Sty I endonuclease to confirm the specificity.. The sensitivity of RT-PCR assay was 1 MCF-7 cell in 10(5) HL-60 cells for CK19 and CK20, and 1 in 10(6) for beta-hCG. For 24 benign cases, none of the pre- FNA samples was positive for CK20 and beta-hCG, and 3 cases (12.5%) were positive for CK19. As for 20 malignant cases, 1 pre-FNA sample was positive for all three markers and 2 other samples were positive for CK19. After aspiration, 3/21 benign cases and 1/17 malignant case with pre-FNA negative signals became positive for CK19, while 3/19 malignant cases with pre-FNA negative signals were converted to a positive result for CK20 and beta-hCG. Of 6 pre-FNA positive cases, all cases remained positive for the respective marker.. FNA to breast tumor may cause hematogenous dissemination of breast cells.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy, Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; Female; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratin-20; Keratins; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Seeding; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Topics: Chordoma; Disease Progression; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Seeding; S100 Proteins; Sacrococcygeal Region; Spinal Cord Neoplasms

Liver resection is the only potential cure for patients with colorectal liver metastasis. However, more than 30% of patients will develop tumour recurrence, probably caused by tumour cells disseminated before or during surgery. As prevention of cell dissemination is barely obtainable, alternative concepts have to be discussed.. The potential of leukocyte adhesion filters for the removal of cytokeratin positive cells (CK+) from blood was studied in 18 patients undergoing liver resection for colorectal liver metastasis. Blood sampling was done via a liver venous catheter during hepatic mobilisation. Filtration was done with an in-line WBF2 filter system. To define the relation between surgery and cell release we compared patients' pre-operative and intra-operative blood and bone marrow (BM) samples with their CK expression using immunochemical staining.. CK+ cells were detected in BM samples of nine of 14 patients before surgery, indicating early dissemination. In ten of 18 patients CK+ cells were detected in blood samples during hepatic mobilisation; all ten patients underwent major liver surgery (R0 resection). In those patients recurrent disease was observed more often (P < or = 0.05). In 17 of 18 patients CK+ cells were not detectable after filtration procedure, which indicated cell adhesion to the filter medium.. Liver resection due to metastasis leads to frequent intra-operative tumour cell shedding. As the detection of CK+ cells is correlated with disease recurrence, modification of surgical techniques to prevent cell dissemination, and additional therapeutic concepts such as advanced filtration technology, have to be discussed.

Topics: Bone Marrow; Catheterization; Cell Adhesion; Cell Count; Colorectal Neoplasms; Female; Filtration; Hepatectomy; Humans; Keratins; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Seeding; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Survival Analysis

Damaged mucosal sites seem to be vulnerable to tumor cell implantation. We describe a case of exfoliated tumor cells from a sigmoid colon cancer seeding a long-standing anal fistula. The implications of this finding are reviewed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Chronic Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratin-20; Keratin-7; Keratins; Male; Neoplasm Seeding; Sigmoid Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Breast Neoplasms; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Female; Humans; Keratins; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Seeding; Stress, Mechanical

Topics: Axilla; Biopsy, Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Keratins; Lymph Node Excision; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Seeding; Prognosis

Topics: Axilla; Biopsy; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Melanoma; Neoplasm Seeding; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast; False Positive Reactions; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymph Node Excision; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Seeding

To examine whether cancer cell dissemination results from incisional biopsy, we tried to detect squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells in peripheral blood before and after incisional biopsy by means of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The study population consisted of 20 patients with oral SCC; 10 were given incisional biopsies followed by radical excision (the incisional biopsy group), and the remaining 10 were treated by excisional biopsy alone (the excisional biopsy group). Ten non-oral cancer patients with benign oral lesions served as controls. Five-ml blood aspirates collected before and after incision were used for CK19 RT-PCR. Two (20.0%) of 10 patients from the incisional biopsy group were positive for CK19 transcripts in their peripheral blood drained 15 min after incision. In contrast, CK19 transcript was not detected either in the excisional biopsy group or in controls. Surgical invasiveness for oral cancer, including incisional biopsy, causes dissemination of cancer cells into circulation, resulting in increased risk of metastasis.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; DNA, Neoplasm; Female; Humans; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Seeding; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Despite the use of radical locoregional therapeutic methods and although conventional methods of diagnosis give no indication of metastases at the time of operation, distant metastases develop in approximately 50% of carcinoma patients within 5 years. While local relapses after the R0 resection of solid tumors are mainly a matter of concern for the surgeon, distant metastases can be traced back to the systemic dissemination of tumor cells at the time of operation.. A prospective study is presented in which 145 patients suffering from colon carcinoma were analyzed for the prognostic relevance of isolated disseminated tumor cells detected in the bone marrow (IDT BM). The patients were operated on between 1993 and 1997 and subsequently observed until 1999.. The monoclonal antibody A45-B/B3 was used with the immunocytochemical standard method for detecting IDT BM. For the purpose of cell cultivation, the cells were marked with the HEA-125 antibody and separated by means of magnetic cell sorting (MACS).. In this investigation the presence of isolated disseminated tumor cells, as indicated by the A45-B/B3 antibody, proved to be an independent prognostic factor for survival time. The risk of an earlier death increased in node-negative and metastases-free patients with the detection of IDT BM by a factor of 12.60. The detection of IDT BM also represented an independent prognostic factor for the time until advancement of the tumor. The risk of an earlier relapse increased with the detection of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow containing the A45-B/B3 antibody by a factor of 18.02. A generally acknowledged standardization of the method is desirable. Due to the importance of the independent prognostic IDT BM factor, this method of ascertaining the pathological stage should be established at institutions of higher learning.

Topics: Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Marrow; Carcinoma; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Seeding; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Survival Rate