bromochloroacetic-acid and Metabolic-Diseases

Numerous general metabolic systems are disturbed in association with psoriasis: the frequency of diabetes mellitus and of hyperuricaemia, lipid disturbances and a decrease in folates as a result of their excessive consumption by the skin. Cutaneous metabolism is also altered. Numerous compounds are formed in excess from glucose: amino acids, fatty acids and sterols, lactic acid--the formation of which persists in the corneal layer, ribose and ribulose--synthesised as a result of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase hyperactivity (role of the increased catabolism of dehydro-epi-androsterone) and uronic acids. The accumulation of glycogen is probably due to excessive synthesis and impaired breakdown. These abnormalities may exist to a lesser extent in healthy skin. In the corneal layer there are lipid vacuoles visible under the electron microscope. Lipogenesis is increased. The same may apply to lipolysis (blood NEFA are increased). Esterification of cholesterol is decreased. The utilisation of ATP by cell membranes is probably diminished (low ATP ase activity). The absence of formation of keratohyaline is due to persistence of the repression which normally prevents it in the mucus body. Renewal of collagen appears increased. The synthesis of DNA is increased in the lesions and neighbouring areas. It is possible that these various abnormalities are dependent upon modifications in the regulator systems of cyclic AMP and GMP, variations in which are however discussed.

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Blood Glucose; Collagen; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; DNA; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Humans; Keratins; Lipid Metabolism; Metabolic Diseases; Metals; Mitochondria; Oxygen Consumption; Pentosephosphates; Proteins; Psoriasis; Skin

Topics: Biological Transport; Histocytochemistry; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Hyalin; Keratins; Metabolic Diseases; Protein Biosynthesis; Skin

Serum levels of cytokeratin subunit 19 (CYFRA 21-1) were measured in 42 healthy volunteers, 104 cases of malignant diseases, 30 patients with chronic renal failure and 13 patients with nonmalignant and infectious diseases. The reliability of the method was demonstrated after dilution of serum samples and intra- and inter-assay reproducibility. Serum CYFRA-21-1 concentrations were less than 2.00 ng/ml in all healthy controls and 86% of the malignant cases had high serum CYFRA 21-1 levels. However slightly elevated values of CYFRA 21-1 were observed in most chronic renal failure patients. High correlation was observed between serum CYFRA 21-1 and Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) values (r = 0.90, n = 10) but not with serum alpha-feto protein (AFP) concentrations. Furthermore, cross binding tests with the CYFRA 21-1 tracer/CYFRA 21-1 antibody-coated beads and CYFRA 21-1 tracer/TPA antibody-coated beads also gave an almost linear graph. These results indicate that CYFRA 21-1 and TPA share similar type of antigens.

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Communicable Diseases; Cross Reactions; Female; Humans; Immunoradiometric Assay; Keratins; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Macromolecular Substances; Metabolic Diseases; Neoplasms; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results

Topics: Adolescent; Female; Hair; Humans; Keratins; Metabolic Diseases; Microscopy, Electron

Topics: Arginine; Citrulline; Hair; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Keratins; Metabolic Diseases; Monilethrix